Ukusungulwa kwabanikazi babanikazi bezindlu: amathuba okuba yinzuzo, amalungelo nezibopho, ubunzima obukhona ebhodini, izigaba zemfundo
Lapho abaqashi bezakhiwo ezintsha noma izindlu, bakhe isikhathi eside, banquma ukwakheka kwe-HOA, kufanele bacabange zonke izinzuzo nokulimala kwale nhlangano enjalo. Mayelana nalokhu, kanye nokuthi ubambiswano lwenziwe kanjani, sizotshela.
Ngokusho kwekhodi entsha yezindlu yeRussia Federation, abaqashi abanikazi bamakamelo abo bangachazwa ukuze baphathe impahla yabo. Enye yezinhlobo zesakhiwo esinjalo ingubambiswano lwezindlu (HOA). Le yinhlangano engenzi inzuzo eyakhiwa abanikazi bezakhiwo (indawo yokuhlala kanye nengahlalade yokuhlala) ekuphathweni okuhlangene kwesakhiwo sefulethi kanye nokuxazulula izingqinamba zobunikazi, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokulahlwa kwempahla evamile.
Kungani izinzuzo zokuphatha amabutho wendlu bobambiswano? Nazi ezinye zazo. Okokuqala, i-HOA ingakhetha inkampani esebenza ngayo. Ngakho-ke, uma ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo ezinikeziwe ingahambisani nezidingo zabaqashi (ngokwesibonelo, iyi-intexprepressive noma ingasuswa kahle yindawo), ikuvumela ukuthi unqande inkontileka bese uyiqeda nenye inhlangano noma abantu. Okwesibili, i-HOA ihlela ngokuzimela umsebenzi wokulungisa ekhaya lakhe, ichaza ukulandelana kwayo. I-Apack uhlelo lwale misebenzi kanye nokulinganisa izindleko zonyaka kuvunywa emhlanganweni ojwayelekile wamalungu e-HOA, akudingekile ukucela ukuphathwa kwedolobha ukuthi kwakhiwe imali.
Ukusebenza ngokomthetho kwesifunda kuvame ukuhlangana ngemibono "yabanikazi bobambiswano bezindlu" kanye ne "Condominium". Kodwa-ke, i-condominium yindawo ethengiswayo uqobo (kufaka phakathi isakhiwo sezwe emingceleni esungulwe esendaweni eyakhiwe kuyo nezinye izinto zezezakhiwo), kanye nobambiswano lwabaninikhaya yihhovisi lokuphathwa kwale ndawo. I-condominium ingaba khona ngaphandle kwe-HOA, kepha ukuphathwa kwabo (imishini yendawo yokudlala kanye nezindawo zokuzijabulisa, ukulungisa, ukubeka izakhiwo zeRent) Ifomu.
Kukhona elinye igama eliseduze - Ukubambisana kwezindlu (HSK). Umehluko phakathi kwe-ECC ne-HOA ukuthi i-HST yenzelwe isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwendlu, futhi ngemuva kwakhiwe, hlela i-HOA. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-conationatives akhona kanye nokwakha kufanele aguqulwe abe yi-HOA ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kungani uhlangana?
Yini ubambiswano? Ukuze uhlinzeke ngezimo zokuphila ezinhle neziphephile zezakhamizi, ukuhlela ukugcinwa kwendlu futhi uqaphele ilungelo lomnikazi ngamunye wezakhiwo zawo zokuhlala ukuze uphathe impahla yazo.Izindlela ze-TCG zenziwa emithonjeni elandelayo:
Izinkokhelo eziphoqelekile, isethulo neminye iminikelo yamalungu ebambisene;
Uxhaso lwesabelomali ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokulungiswa kwendlu, isinxephezelo seziphathimandla zedolobha zokukhokhwa kwezinhlobo ezithile zezinsizakalo ezikhethekile zabahlali (ukuze uthole uxhaso, i-Moscow TSZH kumele ibhaliswe ngerejista ebumbene yokuphathwa kwezakhiwo zamafulethi - Inkathi, eyenziwa kusuka ngo-Okthoba 2007);
Imali engenayo evela emisebenzini yezomnotho (ebhizinisi) yokubambisana okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza imisebenzi kanye nokugcwaliseka kwemisebenzi ye-HOA.
Ikhodi yezindlu yeRussia Federation ayenqabeli ukuthi i-HOA ukuthola imali edingekayo ukuze kufinyelelwe izinhloso ezisemthethweni. Kulokhu, ukubambisana kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imisebenzi yezomnotho. Kuliqiniso, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlu lwezinhlobo zakhe ze-HOA luvame ukukhawulelwa kwisevisi, ekusebenzeni nasekulungisweni kwezakhiwo ezakhiwe efulethini, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezengeziwe kanye nezinto zempahla evamile endlini enjalo, kanye ukuqashwa kwengxenye yempahla evamile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-HOA ithola ithuba lokusebenzisa kanye nensimu yomunye umuntu. Ungakhipha uzungu kunoma yisiphi isigaba semisebenzi ye-HOA - akudingekile nakancane ukukwenza lapho ubambisene nobambiswano, noma ngesikhathi sokubhalisa kwalo. Isinqumo sokuqamba isakhiwo somhlaba esebunininini sabelana ngokuphelele sithatha ama-comrades - abanikazi bezakhiwo endlini eMhlanganweni Jikelele. Phezu kwemiyalo yabo, wonke amadokhumenti adingekayo angapheka usihlalo we-HOA. Emva kwalokho, kufanele isetshenziswe emzimbeni wohulumeni basekhaya, ozokhuthazelela isinqumo sokugcina esinquma ikusasa lendawo yendawo. Qaphela: Ukudluliswa kwesakhiwo esinjalo kuleyo ndawo eyayala abanikazi bezakhiwo kukhululekile.
Izindlu lapho kwakhiwa khona abaninindlu noma kwakhiwa, okokuqala kuhlanganisa nohlelo lokuphelelisela imali yesabelomali sedolobha. Ukuze ikhaya lakho lilungiswe ngesikhathi, emhlanganweni jikelele wamalungu e-HOA, kuyadingeka ukunquma ekwakhiweni kwemali ekhokhelwa imali enkulu. Umdlalo njengoba umnikazi wendawo yokuhlala nengezona ezohlala kuyo uzoba nesibopho sokudlulisela imali kulesi sikhwama ngokuya ngesinqumo soMkhandlu
Izikhova. Amalungu amalungu ahlukahlukene we-HOA angcwabe akhathazekile ukuthi ubambiswano lube nezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
Abanikazi bezakhiwo ababumbane e-HOA bayakwazi ukuthonya ngempela izinqubomgomo zenkampani yokuphatha. Akekho onelungelo lokuphoqa abaqashi ukuthi baqoqe imali ekufakweni emigqeni eyabiwe yefenisha yesikhumba, kepha kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi yini umshini wokupaka owengeziwe okufanele uhlomele, futhi amalungu obambisane angatholakala ngalokhu;
Ubambiswano lwenza ukuthi kwenzeke ukukhetha inkampani yokuxhaphaza. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi abanikazi ngokwabo balawula ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo zomphakathi ezinikezwe zona. Lokhu "kubuyekezwa" kwenziwa, ngokwesibonelo, abasebenzi be-HOA (i-Engineer Dispatcher), usihlalo noma amalungu eBhodi. Uma kutholakala abanye ukwephulwa, kuhlola ibhodi, leli qiniso lizocaciswa futhi lingaba yisisekelo sokuqhuma kwesivumelwano nale nkampani yabaphathi. I-AAKT, erekhoda ikhwalithi engafanele yezindlu nezinsizakalo zomphakathi, iyisisekelo sokuphindaphindeka kwemali ekhokhwayo yezinsizakalo zomphakathi ezinikeziwe;
Yize ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwamalungu endlu ye-HOA kuphoqelekile ukukwenza ngezindleko zawo, uMbuso unikeza uxhaso kwisabelomali;
Impahla ephelele ye-HOA ingaletha inzuzo ebalulekile kumalungu ayo. Ilungelo lokwenza imisebenzi esomabhizinisi elinikezwe ubudlelwano ikuvumela ukuthi uthole imali ekulethweni kwezindawo ezingezona zokuhlala noma izindonga zesakhiwo (ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi kokubekwa kwezindwangu noma imishini yezobuchwepheshe);
Amalungu e-HOA angajabulela elula (kodwa, maye, aqabukelayo manje) injabulo yempilo - umnyango ogcinwe kahle, ipaki yezimoto elawo, igceke lazo, indawo yokudlala, ingane yakho ezoncintisana kuyo.
Kufanele futhi kushiwo ukuthi ukutholakala kwe-HOA kwandisa inani lemakethe yezindlu endlini. Ngemuva kwakho konke, wonke umuntu ufuna imibhede yezimbali ukuthi ihlanzeke, izitebhisi zihlanzekile, concierge, futhi ama-Intercoms asebenze (lolu hlu lungagcwaliswanga ngokuphelele).
Umbuso ufuna ukusiza uhlelo lwe-HOA. Ngakho-ke, hhayi kudala kangako ezifundeni eziningi (ikakhulukazi, eMoscow), ukubambisana kukhululwe entela yezwe. Okufanayo kusebenza kuma-conatiolives ezindlu, i-ECC namanye ama-conativetives abakhethekile abathengi adalwe ukufeza izidingo zezakhamizi ezindlini - manje akufanele akhokhe intela ezicebeni zomhlaba ezisetshenziswe yizo ukufeza izinhloso zezezindlu zeRussia Federation .
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kuyazuzisa kakhulu ukuphatha izakhiwo eziningi zasefulethini. Umthetho awuphazamisi - I-HOA eyodwa ingadalwa kusuka kubaqashi bezindlu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HOA inelungelo lokukhetha noma yiliphi ifomu lokuphatha ikhaya: ngokuzimela, ngokusebenzisa izinkontileka eziqondile nezinhlangano ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza noma ngesivumelwano nenkampani esebenza ngokubambisana yokubambisana. Ukudluliswa okugcwele kwenhlangano ephethe kahle yawo wonke amandla ngokuhleleka kwempahla evamile kungenzeka.
Ominus. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke into engenamafu - kukhona i-HOA nezinkinga zayo:
Imvamisa, imizamo yabanikazi abayitholi ukwesekwa kubaphathi bendawo. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela, indlela yokuxhumana phakathi kokubambisana kanye neziphathimandla, ngakho-ke kudingekile ukuxazulula isethi yezinkinga ezihambisana nezindlu, akwenziswe ngokwanele emthethweni. Isibonelo esijwayelekile: Uma umuntu ovela kubaqashi ekhaya, lapho kukhona khona i-HOA, akafuni ukukhokha iminikelo futhi enze izinkokhelo zokusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile, ukuthola izikweletu kuphela enkantolo. Uma nje inkantolo izothatha isinqumo, isikhathi esiningi singadlula, futhi izinsiza kuzokhokha amalungu ahlala emthethweni we-HOA ngalesi sikhathi;
Ama-Greerants awafuni ngempela ukujoyina i-HOA. Ngomthetho, iziphathimandla zedolobha ziphoqelekile ukuba zibuyise umehluko phakathi kwezinkokhelo zabantu abahlomulayo (futhi zingaphansi kokujwayelekile, ngoba lesi sigaba sezakhamizi sisebenzisa uxhaso ukukhokhela izinsiza) nabanikazi bezindlu ezisele kwenzeka kuyaqabukela kakhulu;
Imali yokuxhashazwa e-Hoa iphakeme kunendlu ejwayelekile. Kepha kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi inani lezinkokhelo zokusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile liyafana namalungu e-HOA, kanye nabahlali balezo zindlu ukuthi ubambiswano lapho kubambisana khona. Isinqumo se-Avtid ngezindleko ezingezekile (ngokwesibonelo, emishini yegaraji ezenzakalelayo, ukuqondiswa kokungena kwamathayili wemabula, umhlobiso we-lobby desider) kuthatha umhlangano ojwayelekile wabahlali noma iBhodi ye-HOA . Ukubalwa kanye nokutholwa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala kanye nezinsizakalo kungenziwa nge-accountant enkulu, i-accountant noma usihlalo wobambiswano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukubheka amacala okuhluleka ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo noma ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokusebenzela ezisebenzela izinhlangano (ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva komsebenzi wokuvimbela ehlobo, akazange afake amanzi ashisayo ngesikhathi);
Impumelelo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi ye-HOA kuncike kakhulu kuSihlalo wayo nohulumeni. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha abaphathi kumele bahlangane nengqondo. Kepha lokhu akunakuba yisiqinisekiso sokuthi umakhelwane ohlonishwayo ovela esitezi sesihlanu akafuni ukwabela ingxenye yemali yomphakathi, futhi umakhelwane wokulwa kusukela emnyango wesibili uzoba ngumphathi omuhle.
Ekugcineni, abasihlalo be-HOA bavame ukukhononda ngokubaluleka kwabaqashi nokuntuleka kokuqonda. Vele, ubulungu e-HOA buthatha izindleko ezingezekile, kepha bakhokha ngekhulu. Isibonelo, yini umama ayengeke afune ukuvumela ingane yakhe ukuba ihambe ibanga elivaliwe neliphephile? Inkinga enjalo ingaxazulula i-HOA ngqo, kodwa-ke, izodinga umzamo othile nezindleko zemali.
Ubambiswano lwabanikazi bezindlu luvumela abaqashi ukuba benze imali ngokusebenza okujwayelekile. Kulokhu, umhlangano jikelele wamalungu e-HOA adlulisela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinye izinto zale ndawo (engaphansi lapho isitolo saneliseka khona, noma udonga lwezithulu olubekwa khona). Ungakhulisa futhi indawo yesakhiwo - ngokwesibonelo, ukuncela i-attic bese uyikhipha. Imali eyengeziwe yokuthi i-HOA izothola kufanele iye ekhaya
Amalungelo nezibopho
Ukuze ucabange ukuthi ubudlelwano benza kanjani nokuthi lingasiza kanjani abahlali abajwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukutadisha amalungelo nezibopho zakhe. Ake siqale ngezinsiza. I-HOA iphetha izinkontileka nezinhlangano ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza noma ikhiqiza ngokuzimela izinsizakusebenza ezidingekayo ukuhlinzeka abathengi bezinsizakalo zekhwalithi yokusebenzisa imali kwivolumu edingekayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izidingo zoMthetho aziphukile, futhi impilo, impilo nempahla abahlali akubanga ukulimala. Ukubambisana kungasebenza izinhlelo zobunjiniyela ezifuywayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka abathengi, ngokuzimela noma ngokuzibandakanya kwabanye abantu.
Ukubalwa nokukhokhisa izindleko zokuphathwa kwe-HOA zabelwa imisebenzi elandelayo:
Ngendlela ebekiwe, yehlisa inani lalezi zinkokhelo (ngokwesibonelo, uma ngabe kukhona ukuphazamiseka ngokunikezwa kukagesi);
Ngokwesicelo somthengi, hlola inani lemali yezinsizakalo futhi kungakapheli izinsuku ezi-3 zokusebenza ukukhipha amadokhumenti aqinisekisa ukunemba kokukhokhwa kwemali ekhokhwayo, nakuma-CASTIALS kanye Izinkontileka, izinhlawulo, izinhlawulo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa umphakathi nokuba sobala kwemisebenzi yeBhodi ye-HOA. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngokuba khona kwama-countectical (Generalic) Counters, iphephabhuku le-accounting amarekhodi wobufakazi babo, okuvumela ukuthi isicelo somthengi sosuku lokusebenza ngosuku olungu-1 simnikeze okukhishwe kulo magazini. Uma ngabe bekungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini wezinhlelo zobunjiniyela ezifuywayo noma imisebenzi yobunjiniyela etholakala ngaphandle kwendlu, ibhodi liphoqelekile ukuthi alikwazisi nje kuphela ukwazisa abanikazi bezindlu phakathi nosuku, kodwa futhi nokunikeza isibikezelo sezemisebenzi yomphakathi izomiswa noma ikhawulelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana ngesicelo sanoma yimuphi umnikazi kumele umnikeze imininingwane elandelayo: Amagama, amakheli kanye nezinombolo zocingo zeDispatch kanye nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo, i-oda kanye nefomu lokukhokha kwalokhu Izinsizakalo, amapharamitha ekhwalithi yawo, izinsuku zokugcina zokuqedwa kwezingozi kanye nokunye ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokunikeza izinsiza.
Enye umthwalo ongathandeki ulele ebuholini bobambiswano - ukwazisa abathengi mayelana nokuphazamiseka okuhleliwe ekuhlinzekweni kwezinsiza, futhi kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 zokusebenza ngaphambi kokuqala kwalokhu kumiswa.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwenziwa yizindikimba zokuphatha ze-HOA yemisebenzi yazo, kunikezwa izinyathelo zokuthwala umthwalo. Izizathu zokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezinjalo ukwephulwa kwekhwalithi nenqubo yokuhlinzeka ngezinsiza; Ukulimala okubangelwa impilo, impilo nempahla yabathengi, kanye nabantu abahlala naye, ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuhlinzeka ngalezi zinsizakalo noma ikhwalithi yabo engafanele. Ukuntuleka kwecala lezinhloko ze-HOA noma inhlangano yabaphathi kuleli cala akunakwa. Kodwa-ke, azikhululiwe esikweletini ukuze zikhulise ikhwalithi yezinsizakusebenza, uma zifakazela ukuthi kubangele ukuthi izimo ze-Force Majeure. Ukwephulwa kwezibopho ezisengxenyeni yabalingani (izinhlangano ezikhonzayo) noma izenzo eziyiphutha zeBhodi (kufaka phakathi ukuntuleka kwemali edingekayo) akuzona ezimweni ezinjalo. Uhlu lwamacala lapho amalungu eBhodi of Hoo anomthwalo wemfanelo, afakwe ku-Charter.
Kepha konke lokhu kuphathelene nemisebenzi. Amalungelo we-Avt TSZ wengxenye enkulu ahlobana nenhlangano yobudlelwano nabathengi bezinsizakalo. Ubambiswano unelungelo lokufuna ukukhokhelwa kwezinsizakalo ezidliwayo (futhi, ngokufanele, ukukhokhwa komncintiswano, inhlawulo, izinhlawulo phambi kwesikweletu). Ibhodi lobambiswano lingadinga nokuthi abasebenzi noma abamele izisebenzi ze-HOA, abathengisi bezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze bahlole isimo sezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlanzeka kwemishini yekota ye-Intra kanye nokugcwaliseka komsebenzi odingekayo kuvunyelwe ezakhiweni zokulungisa. Isikhathi sokuvakasha kufanele sihleleke nomthengi (yize lo mthetho ungasebenzi kulabo lapho kunesidingo sokuqeda ingozi). Uma wenqaba ukuvumela abamele ama-TCG nephutha lakho, uzokulinyazwa (ngokwesibonelo, uzogcwalisa omakhelwane ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi), khona-ke ubumbano lunelungelo lokugcizelela umonakalo ogcwele.
Ekugcineni, ibhodi le-HOA ligcwele igunya lokumisa noma ukunciphisa ukunikezwa kwamanzi ashisayo, amandla kagesi negesi. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo yinde impela: ukunciphisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza noma ukumisa ukunikezwa kwabo kungathunyelwa kuphela yinkantolo. Umnikazi wekamelo kumele athumele isixwayiso esibhaliwe sezinyathelo okufanele samukelwe (kungcono ukusithumela ngeposi ngesaziso serisidi noma sidluliselwe esandleni sokuthola). Kepha kufanele kubhekwe izikhathi ezihlinzekelwe ukuqedwa kwesikweletu se-defaul. Ukunaka - cisha ukufudumeza, indle nokuphakelwa kwamanzi okubandayo akuvunyelwe.
Izinkinga
Manje ake sizame ukubheka izinkinga ze-HOA kusuka ngaphakathi. USihlalo wobambiswano uyaqashelwa ukuthi ubunzima obuningi bakhathazekile. Zingahlukaniswa izigaba eziningana.
Okuqala (futhi okubaluleke kakhulu) - ukungakhokhi. Isibonelo, unjiniyela nomthengi, ngokwengxenye ekhokhelwe efulethini, kukhonjisiwe, ngoba kuxazululwa ngezindlela ezihlukile. Isikweletu esiphambi kwe-HOA sikhula, umthengi uhlala efulethini, elungisa, kodwa ngokuxhashazwa akakhokhi, abhekisele eqinisweni lokuthi izindlu azakungezisekelo zakhe. Yebo, futhi umtshalizimali akakulungele ukukhokha izinkokhelo ngokugcwele, yize zithi ifulethi lihlala liyindawo yakhe. Ngokomthetho, lesi simo asixazululwa, ngakho-ke esimweni ngasinye sivunyelwe ngawodwana, imvamisa engozini.
Inkinga yesibili ubudlelwano nonjiniyela: hhayi ngamunye wabo ukulungele ukuqeda ukushiyeka okusendaweni entsha. Uma wenza unjiniyela ehluleka, abaqashi baqeda amaphutha nokungasebenzi kahle kwezindleko zabo.
Kwesinye isikhathi unjiniyela wethula abanikazi besikhathi esizayo sokudukisa okuhlobene nosayizi wendawo yendawo. Lapho abaqashi bethola amafulethi, babonisa amathemba, futhi kulolo binzana: "insimu ichaziwe", ifakiwe kwinkontileka, akekho owakhokha. Indawo yokuhlala ye-Ivot yathengwa, igceke lifakwe, izitolo kanye namabhokisi we-sandges afakiwe - futhi egcekeni sekuvele ukumba umgodi omusha! .. Ukukhokhela ukwakhiwa kabusha, obekungekho, ngoba lapho bengena, ezindlini ezintsha kwakukhona kuphela izindonga zangaphandle. (Iqiniso ngukuthi emithethweni yethu yezindlu anikani ngegama elithi "ukuhlelwa kwamahhala kwefulethi", ngakho-ke bonke abathengi bezindlu ezinjalo kuzodingeka babe nenqubo enzima yokuncishiswa kokuvuselelwa kabusha.)
Inkinga yesithathu ukuntuleka kolwazi ngemisebenzi ye-HOA. Izakhamizi eziningi aziyi emihlanganweni ejwayelekile, kepha yonke imibuzo ephathelene nekhaya layo iyaxazululwa impela lapho. Ngakho-ke, imvamisa ama-HOA aphuma ngosizo lwe- "Talks" - lawo malungu eBhodi angadlula wonke amakamelo endlini futhi axoxe ngamacala aphuthumayo anabanikazi.
Inkinga ye-Acute ye-Iyaway - izakhamuzi ezinganaki. Abantu abaningi bakulungele ukunikeza imali, kepha abafuni ukubamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni noma okungenani baxoxe ngezinketho ezingaba khona zokuthuthukisa impilo yendlu.
Ukufingqa, ungasho: HOA isidingo esazi. Udinga ukuphatha ikhaya lakho ngengqondo. UBestian kunomnikazi, akekho ozokwenza.
I-HOA ayinalungelo lokushintsha amanani entengo yokusebenza: asungulwa nguhulumeni waseRussia Federation. Imali ye-Avtot usayizi wokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwendlu (okwakubizwa ngani okwakubizwa ngokuthi ukugcinwa kwesakhiwo) kunqunywe emhlanganweni ojwayelekile wamalungu e-HOA. Ubambiswano olufanayo lutholakala ofundweni lwesabelomali sedolobha ukuze kulungiswa kanye nokulungiswa kwesitoko sezindlu efulethini - lolu hlobo lwesibonelelo likuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze indlu ngendlela efanele
Ukulandelana kwezigaba zokwakhiwa kwabanikazi bezindlu
1. Ezemfundo yeqembu eliqhamuka kubaniniyo noma abanikazi besikhathi esizayo sezindlu
2. Umsebenzi wokulungiselela (ukukhokhiswa kwabahlali, ukucaciswa kwezinzuzo zenhlangano)
3. Umhlangano ojwayelekile wabahlali, onquma ukwakheka kwe-HOA, khetha ibhodi kanye nosihlalo walo, kanye nendlela yokuphatha impahla (ngabanikazi babanikazi benkampani yokuphatha noma nge-HOA), vuma Charter of the hoa
4. Ukubhaliswa kwe-HOA njengebhizinisi elisemthethweni. Lokhu kudinga isitatimende sokubhaliswa kombuso, iphrothokholi yoMkhandlu Kazwelonke onesinqumo ekwakhiweni komnikazi woMnikazi wasekhaya (ikhophi yasekuqaleni noma ebekiwe), amakhophi amabili e-Charter of HOA, evunyelwe Inombolo), kanye nerisidi lokukhokha umsebenzi wombuso wobhaliso ngokubambisana (ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezi-2)
5. Ukuvula i-akhawunti yokusebenza ngokubambisana ebhange
6. Ukudluliselwa kwendlu ekuphathweni kweKhomishini eyenziwe ngokukhethekile, equkethe abamele abaphathi beDolobha kanye namalungu e-HOA (isenzo sokwamukelwa kanye nokudluliselwa kwefomu le-OS-1 asebenzisa uhlelo lwemibhalo yobuchwepheshe ku- isakhiwo)