Izesekeli zeWiring: Izigaba zamanani, ukumelana namathonya angezinhle asemkhathini, amamodeli asebenzayo.
Coy. Isisekelo ugesi ovimbela ukushisa
UPlastiki we-Cheek
Ukukhanya okuthokomele egumbini lokulala akukunikezeli kuphela amalambu, kodwa futhi nogesi
Imikhiqizo Eqinile
Imikhiqizo eyengeziwe ikhiqiza i-Aftway
Ikhishi lesimanje lidinga amasistimu wokulawula kagesi afanele
Amasokisi ekhishi nokushintshwa okuvame ukufakwa ezindaweni ezingathandeki kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo ngaphezulu kwe-slab, lapho izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kanye nomswakama, amathuba okuba ama-splashes. Naka ngokukhethekile i-Index Index
Ngesitayela esisodwa esinamasokisi kagesi nethelevishini, kanye nama-audio, kanye nezinkinobho zokulawula ukukhiya
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukuphepha kwe-EUI okufakwe ezinganeni
a, kuphela umqhubi wesigigaba oshintshiwe;
Ukungathathi hlangothi kuxhunyiwe ku-switch, ngakho-ke kunethuba lokujikeleza okufushane; Isigaba, n - ukungathathi hlangothi ("Ukusebenza zero")
Amasokisi kanye nokushintshwa kutholakala kunoma yiliphi ifulethi. Imvamisa abanikazi bakhetha kubo, baqondiswa ukuheha ubuhle. Vele, kahle, uma bengena ngempumelelo kwi-stylist ekhethiwe yangaphakathi, kepha ukusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba akunakubikela ukunethezeka kokuphila, kodwa futhi nokuphepha komlilo kwezindawo zokuhlala kanye nokuphepha komuntu.
Ukufakwa kukagesi (EUI) kuyo yonke indlu. Lokhu akuyona nje kuphela izitolo zokugcina nokushintshana. Abaningi bethu basebenzisa ama-dimmers (amamodeli akhanyayo), zonke izinhlobo zezinzwa, ama-thermostators, ama-adaptha, ama-puzzlers namanye amadivaysi amasha namadivayisi.
Manganisa
Manje emakethe ye-EUI Kuneziphakamiso eziningi ezivumela ikhaya lethu libe ntofontofo, liphephe futhi libe ngobuchule, - Izinkampani eziningana eziyishumi nambili zikhiqiza imikhiqizo eyenzelwe abathengi ngokwanele. Ngokuya kwezindleko, imikhiqizo yabo ingabangelwa amaqembu amathathu entengo. Intengo yokuqala yesokhethi noma switch awedluli ama-ruble angama-75. Le yimikhiqizo yabakhiqizi enjenge-DKS, Dec, IEK (IEK), i-Kuntsevo-Electro, "i-Gusi Electric, iWessen (All- turkey), i-Anam, Shin Dong-a (umfana), i-el-bi, makel, uViko (wonke-turkey), i-kontakt (iPoland), uVilma (Lithuania). Imvamisa ekhishwe yilona uchungechunge iqukethe izinto ezingama-20-30.
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Ungakhathazeki ngenombolo yokuQhamuka kwezisekelo kanye nokushintshwa - iminyaka yakho yanele. Kuyenziwa kulwe futhi kusondela kumadivayisi amasha, amadivaysi asebenzayo azongenza ngithathe indawo
Eqenjini lesibili lentengo, ukushintshwa kombala noma irosette elilodwa elinomhlabathi kuya kuma-ruble angama-75-250. (Imikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kunjalo, iyabiza kakhulu). Imikhiqizo yakwamanye amazwe akwazangaphandle , Efapel (Portugal), i-Produgax (Hungary), i-Ennsto (Finland), Metalka Majur (Serbia). Izinkampani eziningi ezivela kulolu hlu, ngaphandle kokukhawulela ukukhiqizwa kwaleli qembu kuphela, kukhiqize zombili izingqwewuli zesabelomali kanye namabiza.
I-BJC, i-Fontine (OBA), i-Gira, Jung, Merten (wonke amaJalimane), MK Electric (United Kingdom), zifakiwe eqenjini. Abathandi bezinhle bangahlobisa izindlu ngemisebenzi yangempela yobuciko, bakhokha ama-ruble angama-1000-1750. Ngesokhethi noma switch. Ngakho-ke, i-Fontine inikezela nge-EIU ngesitayela se-retro. Izinto zabo zokuhlobisa zenziwa ngezinkuni ezinkuni ezibizayo, futhi ama-Corps enziwa nge-porcelain ehlotshiswe ngomdwebo.
Abantu engijwayele
Sesivele sijwayela ama-rosette anoxhumana nabo abathathu (l, n no pe, ngokulandelana, "isigaba sero", "umhlaba ovikelayo" kanye ne-paphos, yize singenasizathu sokwethula igama elinjalo. Ungumnikazi wezwe unamasiko alo, nase-UK naseFrance, ngokwesibonelo, izesekeli ze-wiring zihlukile kunaseJalimane. Kepha kwenzeka kanjalo ukuthi iRussia yaya kwizinga laseJalimane. NguYe kuphela: "indawo" yakhe "ehlanganisa cishe yonke iYurophu kanye ne-Asia eningi ne-Afrika. Kulokhu, izinto zikagesi zihlinzekwa ngamafoloko afanele, ngezikhonkwane ezimbili ezinobubanzi bama-4,8 mm (okungukuthi, kukhulu kunokuba oxhumana nabo abazivikelayo basekhaya) kanye nezinketho "ezingavikeleki") . Kukhona okutholakala ezweni lethu kanye neForks Universal kufanelekile kufaka phakathi izisekelo zaseFrance ezine-PIN ye-Ground Ground.Ngendlela, mayelana nemfoloko: Imvamisa "uhlala" ngokuqinile kangangokuba kunzima ukukhipha. Easy le ejector ye-task: izisekelo ezinendlela enjalo zikhishwa yi-prodax (167 rub.) Ne-ABB (276rub.).
Imishini kagesi yamandla aphansi aphuza ngaphezu kwe-2,5a, efakwe ama-thvais (leli gama likhona ngempela) - izigxobo ezimbili, nezikhonkwane ezinohlobo lwe-4mm. Njengaphambi, phakathi nathi kanye neForks "Soviet", kepha akudingeki ukubasebenzisa ngamandla aphezulu akhona, njengoba benganikeli oxhumana naye osezingeni eliphakeme.
Kubukeka sengathi usengathuthuka emkhakheni we-EUI? Noma kunjalo, izinto ezintsha zivela njalo emakethe, zibonakala design zoqobo nokwakhiwa okuthuthukile. Ehlukahlukene nezinto zokwakha ezikhiqizwa kuzo. Lolu uhlobo oluhlukile lwezinhlobo zepulasitiki, ikakhulukazi shaftproof kanye ne-fireproof polycarbonate (isebenza ngokufakwa). Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa i-ABS Plastic Plastic, ukumelana kakhulu nemithwalo yentuthuko kanye nemithwalo eshisayo: Imikhiqizo itholakala bushelelezi futhi icwebezelwe futhi ibukeke ikhanga kakhulu. Amanye amafemu (ngokwesibonelo, i-ABB, BJC) Sebenzisa i-duroplast ekhuphuke amandla omshini. Ingaphezulu lawo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuklwebhula, futhi akuveli - kubukeka kufana nentsha. Emzamweni wokuheha abathengi, abakhiqizi abaningi benza izinto zokuhlobisa ezivela ezintweni ezingezona zendabuko: insimbi, ingilazi, i-porcelain, izinkuni, itshe, isikhumba.
Ngeke sichithe ugesi kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izinsiza (i-TV kanye nesiginali yomsindo, ngocingo), xhuma amakhompyutha amaningana kwinethiwekhi yendawo. Ukudla uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo ye-wiring kunezitolo ezenzelwe lokhu. Njengomthetho, endaweni eyodwa "yokufika" - ukufakwa kungabekwa endaweni eyodwa kagesi (Ezokuxhumana - ezimbili). Uma lokhu kunganele, ungasebenzisa, usho, amamodeli we-Makel (ama-ruble ayi-100) noma i-Vimar (i-170 rub.), Enezisekelo ezimbili.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi i-EUI yokufakwa okufihliwe imvamisa yakhiwa ngomgomo we-modular ngokuhlanganisa izikhundla ezine-ezinhlanu ngaphansi kwesinqumo esisodwa. I-Vasserine yenkampani ngayinye iqoqo lemibhalo yezinhlanganisela namafreyimu. Kepha ukufaka esikhundleni izinqubo, kushiye uhlaka, noma okuphambene nalokho (ngokwesibonelo, lapho uvuselela ingaphakathi), kungenzeka kuphela ngaphakathi kochungechunge olufanayo, ngokuqinile usebenzisa uchungechunge oluhlukile lomenzi oyedwa.
Imvamisa, ukuguquka okuphelele komkhiqizo noma uchungechunge kwenzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Imikhiqizo yokufaka yamafemu amaningi iyashintshana. Vele kudingeka uhlale ukhumbula ukuthi imikhiqizo yaseKorea ihambisana nenye indinganiso. Futhi ezinye isiNgisi azidingi amabhokisi okufakwayo ayindilinga, nesikwele noma unxande. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuqiniseka ukuthi labo abaxhunyiwe emabhokisini omugqa bayizinyathelo ezifanayo zokufaka njengesidleke sohlaka lokuhlobisa.
I-PRRAM STRAM
Ezindlini ezintsha kunethiwekhi kanye nezisekelo kukhona i-wire yesithathu, ukonga abantu kusuka kugesi kagesi: Uma uhlelo lokusebenza lukagesi lunephutha futhi ivolumu liwela emzimbeni, okwamanje lizongena emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, kunezakhiwo eziningi ezinenethiwekhi eyodwa nezisekelo ezindala. Ukushintsha i-EIU yesimanje, ngeke sithole inzuzo ekutholeni othintana nalokhu: ucingo alunikezwa ngalo, kepha ukulixhumanisa ne-terminal zero (ukungathathi hlangothi) akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Ukuzama ukuhlela "amaphiko amathathu" kuphela efulethini lakhe, futhi, kuyangenzeka futhi, kuyadingeka ukushintsha uhlelo lokunikezela kwamandla wendlu yonke.
Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukufaka amadivayisi amasha we-Euro. Okokuqala, ikuvumela ukuthi uxazulule inkinga yokuhambisana nezikhonkwane eziwugqinsi zamafomu wanamuhla. Okwesibili, ama-EUI amasha abukeka ethandeka ngokwengeziwe. I-Yves-Okwesithathu, uhla lwazo lubanzi kakhulu kangangokuba kulula ukukhetha isokhethi ngezici ezidingekayo zokusebenza, ezenziwe ngesitayela esisodwa kanye nokuphumula.
Futhi abantu abavela e-leseon kuze kube manje bazosiza i-UZO (idivaysi yokuvikela ukunqamula). Akusebenzi kuphela kwabathathu-, kodwa futhi nasesikini se-wire-wire. Ifulethi lakhe elisemthethweni lokusabalalisa efulethini. Uma ukuqaliswa kwekhambi le-circuitry elinjalo kuyinkinga, enye inketho kungenzeka nge-UZO eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (njengaseLegrand, Gira, amamodeli ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-8) noma i-diphthatomom (le divayisi ihlanganisa imisebenzi ye-UZO ne umpheki wesifunda uphendula amandla amakhulu. Okwamanje). IFavtomati ikhiqiza, ngokwesibonelo, i-Vimar (i-8400 rub.). Enye imfoloko ene-UZO eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ("Astro-UZO", rub 600.). Abakhiqizi abangakhonzi (njenge-Merten) banezitolo ezinokuvikelwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi ekutholeni okuphezulu kwe-infvoltage okuvela kunethiwekhi, ikakhulukazi kusuka ku-Lightning Strikes.
Lapho kufudumele kakhulu
EUI ithengiswe ensimini ka ezweni lethu, ukukhipha ezingavamile, zihambisana GOST R 51321.1-99 futhi GOST R 51324.1-99, edinga, ikakhulukazi, ukuthi base mkhiqizo awukho oluvuthayo ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu (850 s). Ukwanda kwe-Aelay (hhayi njalo kulezi zindinganiso) kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.Owokuqala ukudlula okulinganiselwe kwamanje lapho umkhiqizo ubalwa khona. Okwesibili ukukhetha okungalungile kokuqukethwe okwenziwe ngalo oxhumana nabo. Uma, ngenxa yenhlansi eyenzeka lapho umjikelezo ephukile, ifilimu ye-oxide yakhiwa kalula ebusweni babo, khona-ke ukwanda kokumelana nogesi kuholela ekufudumaleni.
Abakhiqizi abahle kakhulu (hhayi kuphela abadumile emhlabeni, njenge-BJC, kodwa futhi nasekhaya, ikakhulukazi i-IEK naseWessen) bahlinzeka ngoxhumana nabo ekushintsheni kwesiliva, ngokungangabazeki bathinta izindleko zemikhiqizo. Siyithusi ngenhlanganisela ekhethekile. Izinto ezifanele zeqembu lokuxhumana kuma-rosette yi-phosphonous Bronze. Imikhiqizo eyethuliwe isetshenzisiwe yethusi, noma kunjalo, akwanele ukucacisa, ukuze kuthi ngemuva kokufakwa kwezinkulungwane eziningana, zibambe iziza (hhayi kuphela "i-Soviet"). Kutholakala amapuleti okuxhumana ngensimbi (avalelwa kaningi njengenhlamvu ye-brass ye-brass), engamukeleki ngokuphelele.
Ekugcineni, isizathu sesithathu sokushisa umkhiqizo - ukuncipha kwezinsimbi ezihlangene eqenjini lokuxhumana. Uma, ukufunda le migqa, awuphumelelanga uzama ukukhumbula ukuthi okokugcina kudonsela izikulufo ezisekelweni nasekushintsheni, - zibeke eceleni umagazini. Musa ukulinge isiphetho- ngokushesha okukhulu, landela inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi. Vele ungakhohlwa ukuvala ukuhanjiswa kwamandla.
Naka amabhokisi okusabalalisa (okuphambene nesihloko sokuxhumeka kuwo awathengisi, kanye nezikulufo noma ukusonta okujwayelekile, okubi kakhulu). Imvamisa zinamathiselwe futhi zinamathele ngephephadonga, ezingenakwenziwa ngoba ukuxhumana kwesikulufa kudinga ukulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. Le nkinga inyamalala lapho usebenzisa ama-terminals asentwasahlobo (ABB, BERKER, BJC, EFAPEL, GRA, Jung, Legrand, Schneider Electric, Nokia. I-wire ifakwe nje emgodini lapho icindezelwa khona ngebhasi lensimbi. Ukufakwa okuqandisiwe akufakwanga, ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivayisi anjalo awadingi ukulungiswa.
Izinombolo ze-Alphabet
Ukumelana kwe-EUE kuya kumanyala angenamsoco kubonakaliswa yinkomba ye-IP enezinombolo ezimbili ezalandela. Owokuqala (ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-0 kuye ku-6) kusho izinga lokuvikelwa ezinhlakeni eziqinile (ikakhulukazi, izinhlayiya zothuli); Okwesibili (kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-8) kuvela ekungenisweni kwamanzi.
Izitolo zegumbi kanye nokushintshwa okuvame ukuvumelana ne-IP 20. Ukufakwa kwangaphandle, ukuvikelwa kwe-IP 55 kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kokungena kothuli nama-jets amanzi kunoma iyiphi i-angle. I-Kizgoldy, efakwe ezindlini zokugezela, yenza izidingo ezikhethekile. Kunconywa ukuthi kufakwe kungasondeli ku-60cm kusuka ekufundeni, eshaweni namagobolondo, namamodeli kuphela ngokuvikelwa kwe-IPX4 okuxhumene nokwehlukana kwe-transformer.
Ukuhlaziywa kuka-2,4 m futhi kuvunyelwe kakhulu ukukhweza noma yiziphi izinto zikagesi ngenkomba okungenani ye-IPX1. QAPHELA: Uma kungekho ukumaka, okungenzeka ukuthi idivaysi ehlangabezana nezinga le-IPX1 noma i-IPX2 evame ukungaboniswanga), noma ngabe inohlobo oluthile lwesembozo esivikelayo.
Amaphaneli wokulawula okwenziwa ngesandla
Ngokomthetho wokusebenza, ukushintshwa kwenqatshwa (ngendlela yokuswayipha), ukusunduza, ukujikisa, ngokukhanya kokukhanya kwesibani, ukunamathela ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho umuntu evele egumbini, i-idr elawulwa ngumsakazo. I-overhead evame kakhulu, enamalungiselelo amabili amisiwe. Abathengi bakhetha amadivaysi anekhiye owodwa omkhulu noma amabhlogo amabili-amathathu.Abakhiqizi abaningi bakhiqiza amamodeli anenkomba (bahlome nge-neon light bulb eqinisekisa ukuthi i-chain ivaliwe) noma i-backlight (umthombo wokuhlobisa uvaliwe lapho ichungechunge livulekile khona, kepha ebusuku Akubonakali kahle ebumnyameni).
Ukushintshwa kwenhloso kuyizinkinobho ezifanayo nalezo ezivame "zokuhlomisa" amalambu etafuleni nezingcingo zomnyango. Unomehluko owodwa kuphela: izibani ezihloselwe amalambu zisebenze ngomgomo "acindezelwe - avulwe, acindezelwe, acishiwe", avale umugqa, kuphela lapho 'kuphela lapho' sibanikeza 'khona. I-AVA inikeza imodeli yochungechunge lwe-Impls (830.), Ifakwe inkinobho eyindilinga eyindilinga nge-luminous rim. Imvamisa, amasampula alolu hlobo, eyenziwe ngesitayela esisodwa nochungechunge lonke, ahlukile kwikhibhodi.
Ukushintshwa kwe-Swivel kufanelekile abathandi bemfashini ama-50s. Xx in. Uma ingaphakathi lendlu lihlotshiswe ngesitayela se-retro, lizongena ngokuphelele kulo, ngokwesibonelo, imikhiqizo enomusa kaDontine eyenziwe ngezinto ezingezona zendabuko (itshe, i-porcelain).
"Sawubona" sawubona eminyakeni edlule "- ukushintshwa ngentambo kuza kuze kube namuhla. Kuhle ukudonsa ukukhanya kwakhe kukhanyisa izibani, kucashunwe konke kuyaphuma. Azithandwa ngokuthandwa, yize kuphela (ngokusho kwe-gost r 50571.11-9) kuvunyelwe ukufaka odongeni eduze kwekamelo lokugezela.
Akukho okushintshiwe okukodwa nje, ukushintshela umqhubi wesigaba, kepha futhi nesigxobo (noma esigabeni nokungathathi hlangothi, noma ukujikeleza okuhlukile). Ukunakwa okuhlukile kufanelekile ukushintshwa kwendima (kubizwa nangokuthi switch).
Ngokushesha ama-terminals amathathu, futhi kusebenza njengomcibisholo wesitimela: Sichofoze ukhiye kocingo olulodwa, sidlulisele kwesinye isikhundla. Ikuvumela ukuthi uhlele ukulawulwa okuzimele kwesibani sezindawo ezimbili: ngokwesibonelo, lapho usesephaketheni, vala ukukhanya egumbini lokuphumula, uhambe ungene egumbini lokulala, uhambe ungene egumbini lokulala, ulicime. Imvamisa abathengi ngokwabo bafaka ukushintshwa, inzuzo yezinhlelo zilula. Kodwa-ke, ukuqoqa iketanga lapho kungathathi hlangothi khona kwimikhiqizo yokufaka (ngaphezu kwesigaba), kungathandeki kakhulu - kukhona amathuba aphezulu okujikeleza okufushane ekushintsheni uqobo. Imbangela yokuqala yinhlansi evame ukwakhiwa ngesikhathi kuvulwa kweketanga lapho kugeleza khona okukhona. Kukhula kube yi-arc, kuphonswe ngemuva kokuxhumana okushukumisayo kusuka kumqhubi wesigaba kuya ku-zero, umjikelezo omfushane.
Fihla konke
Vumelana, noma ngubani kithi ukhetha ukuthi izindlela zemibhalo yokufaka kanye nezintambo zifihlwe ezindongeni. Kepha ngobuhle kufanele ukhokhe, usike ama-grooves (izigaba) kanye nezimbobo eziyindilinga zamabhokisi abentaba. Lesi sakamuva sivame ukuba sepulasitiki, ngokwesibonelo, kusuka ku-T.Plast (Russia) (ama-ruble angama-5). Kukhona futhi ngonxantathu- ngokusho kweZorea Standard.
Amabhokisi okukhuphuka ahlelwe ngodonga olukhonkolo noma wezitini ngesisombululo (i-gypsum, isihlabathi sikasimende) noma glue efanele. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa i-Alabaster, ngoba lapho yomisa kuyonyuka ngenani, okwenza kube nzima ukuqeda okulandelayo. Izindlu ezibambelele emabhokisini zifaka isikulufa sokuzishaya. I-Adlay yezindonga eziyize (ngokwesibonelo, i-DryWalll) idinga amabhokisi akhuphukayo ngezikulufo ezinama-screws futhi izitobha zicindezelwe ngokumelene nepuleti eliseceleni (T.Plast, intengo ingama-ruble angemuva).
Ukufakwa kukagesi kubanjwa "kwingilazi" ngenxa yonyawo lwe-spacer noma izikulufo, futhi indlela yokugcina iya ngokuya isatshalaliswa. Kufunwa futhi imikhiqizo ihloselwe i-wiring evulekile - yethulwa ku-assortment yamafemu amaningi.
Abanye abakhiqizi (ngokwesibonelo, uSchneider Electric) baya ngezinye izindlela, baklama imikhiqizo yendawo yonke engabekwa odongeni, nasebhokisini lepulasitiki kulo (ngesikhundla esisodwa noma ngaphezulu). Icala elizimele le-wiring evulekile - iziteshi zekhebula, lapho izisekelo nezibani zivame ukulungiswa ngokuhlwanyelwa izihlwathi ezilula (DKS, Legrand).
Umthetho oyinhloko wokufakwa usetha ukushintshela ku-shintsha igebe lomqhubi wesigigaba, hhayi zero. Ngokuphambene nalokho, noma ngabe umjikelezo uvulekile, kukhona ugesi wama-220V ekwamukeni kukagesi. Kumuntu, kuyingozi ebulalayo uma kungenxa yokulimala kwamanje kushaya umzimba.
Elinye iqiniso
Abaningi basebenzisa ngenkuthalo ngama-dimmers (kufaka phakathi izibani zokonga amandla), kepha lesi kuphela isinyathelo sokuqala sokushintsha ukubukeka okujwayelekile kwemikhiqizo yokufaka kagesi. Ukukhetha kubanzi kakhulu. Uncamela ukungasondeli ekushintsheni, futhi kude, bese kufanelekile ukulawulwa kwe-IC noma umsakazo. Ufuna ukusebenzisa ezenzakalelayo - faka izinzwa zokuhlwa, isikhathi kanye nezinzwa zokuhamba ze-IR. Lokhu akuphathelene "nekhaya elihlakaniphile", iningi lezakhamizi esikanye nalo eziqhubeka licubungula okuthile okumnandi, kodwa mayelana nezinto ngazinye ezingasebenza ngokuzimela. Namuhla zitholakala ezigidini zabantu futhi zingenza impilo yazo yansuku zonke ibe ntofontofo kakhudlwana. Kepha lesi ngesinye isizukulwane samadivayisi kagesi, avele muva nje, futhi sizotshela ngakho kwenye i-athikili.
Abahleli babonga amahhovisi abamele ama-gewiss, iLegrand, Nokia, weWessen kanye neNkampani "I-Spanish House Electrical Electrical", t J JELL Electric for the.