Amalungelo ezakhamizi zesehlukaniso kanye nezakhiwo ezidilizekile: Ukuphawula ngomthetho. Izinketho zezindlu ezintsha ezinikezwa abanikazi bombuso nabaqashi.
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Iminyaka eminingana manje, besilokhu sibheka ukuthi uhlelo lokuvuselelwa kwesikhwama sezindlu lwenziwa kanjani. Amadolobha amaningi amakhulu kancane ajoyina i-duct, amadolobha amaningi amakhulu afezeka ekwandiseni izakhiwo ezinezitezi ezinhlanu. Yini abahlali bakaFilters nezakhiwo ezidilishisiwe bangakwazi ukubala? Sizotshela ngakho.
Isiphetho sendlu ngayinye sixazulula iKhomishini Yezikhathi Zase-Interdepartmental ezakhiwe kuHulumeni, ehhovisi leMeya noma esifundeni. Izinga lapho lenziwe lincike edolobheni (ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow lokhu kwenzeka ezingeni lezindawo). Ikhomishini ilinganisa isimo sendlu futhi inquma ukuthi ilungele izindlu noma cha uma kungenzeka ukuthi uyikha kabusha kabusha noma ingaphansi kokubhidlizwa. Thintana neKhomishini inelungelo lenhlangano egcina le ndlu (DZ), noma abameleli bobambiswano lwabaninikhaya (HOA). Ukuze iKhomishini ibheka impikiswano yokuqashelwa kwendlu engafanele impilo, umfakisicelo (ngaphezu kwesicelo uqobo) kumele ilethe amakhophi akwamaterali amadokhumenti afanelekile ezondawo yokuhlala kanye necebo lobuchwepheshe, njengoba Ngokuyisiphetho senhlangano ekhethekile yochwepheshe eqhuba inhlolovo yesakhiwo sefulethi leso singozi. Ikhomishini iyadingeka kungakapheli inyanga eyi-1 ukuze ucabangele uhlelo lokusebenza futhi wenze isinqumo salo. Amacala abi kakhulu ngesinqumo seKhomishini kungenzeka afezeke enye inhlolovo yesakhiwo. Ngemuva kokuthi isinqumo sokugcina senziwe ekudlenikunye noma kwakhiwa kabusha kwendlu, abaphathi bazonquma izimo ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezakhiwo, isikhathi nokuhleleka kokuhlukaniswa kwabahlali.
Noma ngabe kwaziwa ukuthi ikhaya lakho lizodilizwa, unelungelo lokuthola izindlu ngasese, okuhlala esivumelwaneni sokuqashwa komphakathi. I-AVOT yokubhalisa ilungu lomndeni efulethini elinjalo livunyelwe kuphela ngemvume yegunya (uma izidingo zesilinganiso sokubalwa kwezimali sendawo yokuhlala ngeke kwephulwe). Kodwa-ke, sikukhumbuza ukuthi ungabhalisa ingane yakho encane endaweni ohlala kuyo ngaphandle kwezinkinga
Isinqumo ekubhidlizweni
Ngakho-ke, kufanele uphume efulethini isikhathi eside ezimweni lapho uzokhiqiza:Ukuphelelwa ngokweqile kwendlu - uma kungenzeki ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kokususa abaqashi (iqiniso, abantu abangazange bahambe ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa ngamandla, baphikisane ngokungemthetho ukuthi bangathanda ukuya ehhotela noma bezovuka, esikhundleni sokuvuka ukuhambisana kwama-perforators kanye ne- "Bulgaria");
Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwesakhiwo sokuhlala;
Imishini yokuphinda yenzele isakhiwo nezakhiwo kuso ezingafaneleki ngokuphila, kwabangewona abahlali. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumakhelwane asemqondweni wedolobha: Ukuzikhethela okudala kuya ngokuya kudluliselwa kwisisekelo esingewona isikhathi sokugcina ukuze kube lula ukuyibuyisela. Ukudilizwa akukhonjelwa kuzo zombili amakhaya akha isakhiwo sesikhathi esithile somlando (abizwa nangokuthi uMorphothippes). I-MorphothyPe House iyathakazelisa esimweni sokuhlela, ngakho-ke kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezingama-30- 40s. I-XXV., Uma esesimweni esihle, ngeke sidilize;
Ukudilizwa kwendlu ephuthumayo noma ukusongela indlu ngokuwa (kwalesi sakhiwo kufanele kube ngendlela ebekiwe ebonwa ngokuphuthumayo noma engafanele indawo yokuhlala);
Ukudilizwa kweNdlu njengengxenye yezinhlelo zezindlu zedolobha (ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg, amaphaneli ezakhiwo ezinezitezi ezinhlanu manje sezidilizwa, futhi kungekudala, njengoba kuhleliwe "amaphaneli" ayisishiyagalolunye ;
Ukuhoxiswa kwesakhiwo sezwe ukuthola izidingo zombuso noma zomasipala ngezinhloso zokwakhiwa okusha nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo (ngokwesibonelo, uma eduze kwendlu yakho izokwakha i-autotrass).
Ikhomishini iyakwazi ukubona indlu ephuthumayo ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
Ngenxa yendawo yayo (uma indlu itholakala endaweni yokugeleza komhlaba, ukugeleza kwe-Selent, ama-avalanches eqhwa);
Uma i-deformation yesisekelo, izindonga, izakhiwo ezisekelayo zesakhiwo ngenxa yezimbangela zemvelo (ukugqoka okwakhayo) noma ngenxa yomlilo, ingozi, ukuqhuma, ukuwohloka kwenhlabathi, ukungalingani kwenhlabathi;
Lapho kuveza impilo ejwayelekile yabantu kubhalwe phansi, njengomsindo (isilinganiso esiphakeme somsindo ngesikhathi sasemini singama-55DB, ebusuku - 45DB). Uma umsindo awukwazi ukuqedwa ngosizo lwezobunjiniyela kanye nezixazululo zokuklama, indlu ingaphansi kokudilizwa.
Isisekelo sokudilizwa kwendlu kuyisinqumo sokuphathwa kwedolobha. Cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokudilizwa kobuholi beDolobha (eMoscow-Prefect yesifunda sokuphatha) kukhipha ukulahlwa kwezakhamizi eziphilayo, kepha abaqashi bezindlu badilizwa ngaphansi kohlelo lokwakha kabusha kanye nesikhwama sezindlu kufanele baziswe ngalokho Isinqumo seziphathimandla zedolobha unyaka owodwa. Yenza umncintiswano wokutshala imali wokwakhiwa kabusha kwekota noma ekhaya ngalinye. Ngokwemiphumela yakhe nangomnqobi, baphetha inkontileka, futhi kwezinye izikhathi izakhiwo zidiliza noma zakha kabusha ngenxa yesabelomali sedolobha. Esikontekweni sokutshalwa kwezimali kuncike ekubhalisweni eMnyangweni Wezindlu Nezikhwama Zezindlu. Umtshalizimali ubandakanyeka ekwakheni kabusha noma ekwakheni, futhi iziphathimandla zedolobha zinikezela ngesikhwama esifudukayo (ngokulahlekelwa ngumtshalizimali).
Lapho nje isakhiwo sibonwa njengesiphuthumayo futhi sidilizwe noma sakhiwe kabusha, iziphathimandla zedolobha zibikele izakhamizi, zibheke izindlu ezintsha. Umlayezo wokudiliza awushicilelwa kuphela kumaphephandaba endawo futhi udluliselwa ngokuya ngeziteshi ezifanele ze-TV. Umnikazi ngamunye wefulethi noma efulethini uyamenywa engxoxweni eya egunyeni lamandla wombuso, lapho ukudilizwa noma ukudilizwa kabusha kudaliwe. UVmoskwe uyazi ukuthi zixoxa ngalezi zinkinga eMnyangweni Wezindlu kanye Nezikhwama Zezindlu zikahulumeni wedolobha. Ukungena kwale ngxoxo kuxoxwa ngazo zonke izimo zokuhlala kabusha: Indawo lapho ifulethi ukuhambisa, inani lefulethi, inani lamakamelo, izimo nesikhathi sokuhamba. Umsebenzi wezingxoxo ukuthola inketho yokuthi zombili izinhlangothi zizohlelela, futhi uma eminye imibuzo ihlala ingaxazululwa, umnikazi wefulethi noma umqashi unelungelo lokuya enkantolo. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuwela okuhleliwe, izakhamizi kufanele zikhiphe ama-oda wokubuyekezwa. Ukuqashwa izinkontileka kunqanyulwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi kukhishwe incwadi entsha yezindlu.
Ukuthenga ifulethi ngaphambi (ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka ongu-1 kusukela ngosuku lokuthola umnikazi wefulethi noma isaziso somqashi sokudilizwa kokwakhiwa kabusha kwezindlu) kungenzeka kuphela ngemvume yomqashi. Okufanayo, uma ngesizathu esithile ungavumi ukunyakaza, bese kukuxosha endlini ukuze udilizelwe noma ukwakhiwa kabusha, iziphathimandla zasemadolobheni zingase zingaphezu konyaka ongu-1 lapho kwakhiwa khona isinqumo sokudiliza.
Izakhamizi zezindlu ezidilisiwe ziyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngamafulethi amasha noma isinxephezelo sezinto ezibonakalayo, ngokuzikhethela kwazo. Ngokomthetho, ifulethi kufanele lilingane, futhi isinxephezelo silingana. Inzalo yomthetho weMoscow N 21 kaMeyi 31, 2006. "Lapho enikezela ngamalungelo ezindlu ezakhamizi ekuhleleni kabusha nasekudedelwe ezakhiweni zokuhlala (izakhiwo zokuhlala) edolobheni laseMoscow" Umqondo kanye nezinqumo zezomthetho zinqunywa ukuthi zidala futhi Amakamelo amasha kufanele aqhathaniswe hhayi nje kuphela ku-Lotway noma kwinani lamakamelo. Izakhiwo zokuhlala zenzelwe ukuhlalisa abantu kuzo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqhathanisa ikhwalithi yabathengi yamafulethi (usayizi, ukwakheka, izinga lokubuyisa umhlaba it.d.). Inani lesinxephezelo linquma amaqembu ngesisekelo sokuhlola okuzimele (okungukuthi, empeleni inxephezelo - okuthile okuphakathi phakathi kwenani lemakethe kanye nentengo ye-BTI). Isinxephezelo sinikezwa ngefomu elingelona imali; Kufanele isetshenziswe ekuthengweni kwezakhiwo zokuhlala. Ukukhishwa kungamacala lapho umnikazi enobudlova ahlukile lapho azophila khona, - isinxephezelo singasetshenziswa ngezinye izinhloso.
Abanikazi abahlala ezindlini emi emhlabeni, okungokwabo (ngasikhathi sinye, ubunikazi bomhlaba kumele buhlotshiswe ngokufanele futhi buqinisekiswe yimibhalo efanelekile), intengo yokuhlenga izokhokhelwa, futhi ngemali. Usayizi wentengo yokuhlenga unqunywa ngesisekelo senani lemakethe yesakhiwo sokuhlala esixolelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intengo yokuhlenga ifaka inkulumo yemali yomonakalo ebangelwa ngumnikazi mayelana nokuthathwa kwempahla kuye (lokhu kungaba, isinxephezelo, izihlahlana).
Ngabe indlu yakho izolungiswa ngokususwa? Lapho-ke kufanele unikeze izindlu esikhwameni esikhohlisayo ngaphansi kwenkontileka yesikhashana yokuqashwa (uma ukulungiswa kungakaqedi, futhi isikhathi senkontileka sesiphelelwe yisikhathi, khona-ke inkontileka inwetshiwe ngokuzenzakalela). Kulokhu, uzothatha indlu ethokomele noma igumbi lehhotela, kepha metrar wendlu yesikhashana ayihlangane nendawo efulethini eyakhiwe kabusha.
Ukuze uguqule igumbi lokuphumula ube yi-non-yokuhlala, udinga ukwenza izimo eziningana. Okokuqala, esiKhwameni esingeyona indawo yokuhlala, noma ngabe sonke isakhiwo siyonke, noma izindlu kuphela ezitezi zokuqala zezakhiwo zokuhlala. Okwesibili, indlu enjalo akufanele ibe khona ezinhlelweni zokulungiswa okukhulu nokwakhiwa kabusha. Uma indlu yamukelwa njengesiphuthumayo futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukungadilizi, ingahunyushelwa esikhwameni esingewona isikhathi sokuhlala, kodwa kuphela uma kuyinani elingokomlando. Okwesithathu, uma kuphela ingxenye yendlu ingaphansi kwemishini yokusebenza kabusha, khona-ke kufanele ibe khona amathuba okuhlela umnyango ohlukile, ozozimela engxenyeni yokuhlala yesakhiwo. Okwesine, leli gumbi akufanele ligcwaliswe ngamalungelo abanye abantu (okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuphinda futhi lihlose izakhiwo zokuhlala kabusha, zonke izakhamuzi zazo ngaphandle kokuthi zikhishwe futhi zibhaliswe endaweni entsha yokuhlala).
Ochwepheshe bathi uchungechunge olungadingekile lwezindlu awenzeki. Izakhiwo zifakwa kancane kancane ohlwini ukuze zidilize kabusha. Uma izindlu ezingomakhelwane zihlela ukugqashula, lungiselela iqiniso lokuthi nokwakho kungangena nenani lokudilizwa, yize engekho ngohlelo. Kwenza ukulungiswa kwayo nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo: Imigwaqo emisha, imigwaqo, imigwaqo, imigudu yandisa inani lezindlu ezizolunga
Ikheli elisha noma imali?
Isinqumo sokushukuma samukelwa, kepha sizohamba kuphi? Lo mbuzo ukhathazeke ngokuphelele bonke abokufika. Kodwa-ke, banesimo esihlukile.
Abanikazi bezindlu. Uma ungumnikazi wezindlu, ifulethi elisha linikezwa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yendawo lapho uhlala khona njengamanje. Kepha kulo mthetho kunemiphumela eminingana:
Uma indawo yokuhlala ihlinzekwa nge-oda eliphuthumayo (ngokwesibonelo, maqondana nenhlekelele yemvelo), iziphathimandla zedolobha zikufanele ukukhetha ifulethi ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala eyedlule;
Ngokuxazululwa kwezindlu endaweni, ngenxa yezici zomlando, ezingokwendawo kanye namadolobhana, hhayi imingcele evamile nezinye izindawo zedolobha, izakhamizi zesakhiwo esidiliziwe zinikezwa ama-oda wokubukeza ezindlini ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwe-Amakhaya Isifunda, esihlanganisa lesi sifunda;
Uma umndeni wakho udilizwa ngumndeni wakho, awekho indlu eyodwa, futhi amabili noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke endaweni efanayo yokuhlala kungahle kube noyedwa kubo, futhi bonke abanye babe phezu kwemingcele yakhe. Lokhu akukhathaleli imindeni emikhulu, lapho kunezingane ezincane, efulethini abazaziyo kufanele zibekwe endaweni eyodwa;
KumaSulumane, lo mthetho olandelayo uyasebenza: Izakhamizi ezifundeni eziphambili nezeZelenograd, indlu yayo ivuselelwe, inganikeza ifulethi elingekho ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala, kodwa ngaphakathi kwesifunda.
Umnikazi wezindlu angakhetha elinye lamafulethi anikezwa yiziphathimandla zedolobha. Kepha uma efuna ukuhlinzeka ngefulethi ekhelini elithile, endlini ekhethwe nguye, phansi noma ngenani elithile lamakamelo, alikho ngaphansi kokwaneliseka. Uma wena ngokwakho ufuna ukusukela endlini enziwe ekhaya uye kwenye indawo, ungaqokomisa ifulethi lapho.
Mhlawumbe ngemuva kokuhlala kabusha, uhlose ukuthuthela kwelinye idolobha noma ulindele ukuthenga ifulethi elincane elincane futhi uthole okukhokhiswayo. Amacala we-Waich abuyiselwe kabusha ahlinzekela amathuba okuhlinzeka ngesinxephezelo semali efulethini ngefomu elingelona imali.
Abanikazi bezindlu. Ngabe umbuso unikeza ini kwizakhamizi ezihlala emizini yazo? Umlando wakamuva wokufuduswa kwabahlali bobhuloginhloko kusuka ezindlini zangasese kuya ezindlini zedolobha kukhombisa ukuthi inani lesinxephezelo livame kakhulu futhi alihlali ligculisa abakhileyo kakhulu.
Ubukhulu balesi simo ukuthi indlu ingeyabahlali ngakwesokunene sobunini, kepha umhlaba unikezwa idolobha. Umthetho uhlinzeka ngokuthi intengo yokuhlenga yezakhiwo ezithengiswayo kuleli cala kufanele ifake kuphela izindleko zendlu yokuhlala exolelwekile, kodwa futhi inani lazo zonke izindleko ezibangelwa umnikazi ozayo. Uma intengo yokuhlengwa noma ifulethi elisha elihlongozwayo ngasizathu sinye alikufaneli, unelungelo lokuya enkantolo ngesimangalo senani elifanele noma mayelana nokuhlinzekwa kwempahla esungulwe ngumthetho. Umthetho (Art. 32 yekhodi yezindlu yeRussia Federation) ngasohlangothini lwakho, ngoba intengo yokuhlenga yendawo yokuhlala, izinsuku zokugcina kanye nezinye izimo zokuhlengwa kunqunywa yisivumelwano nomnikazi wezakhiwo zendawo yokuhlala.
Abasunguli. Yini ecabanga ukuthi labo abasebenzisa efulethini ngokwemibandela yesivumelwano sokuqashwa kwezenhlalo? Banikeza elinye igumbi elinamazwe esisekelweni sezindlu sedolobha, kodwa ngaphandle kokulondolozwa kwendawo yangaphambilini yokuhlala, ngesisekelo sesivumelwano esifanayo sokuqashwa komphakathi. Amacala abi kakhulu eziphathimandla zedolobha angakhethwa nge-semiconductor yokutholwa kwempahla noma yokwakhiwa kwefulethi, kodwa akuvamile.
Indawo yezindlu ezintsha kufanele ilingane nosayizi wekhululiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umqashi namalungu omndeni ehlala kanye naye, bahlala efulethini elihlukile noma ngaphezulu kwegumbi efulethini lomphakathi, banelungelo lokufuna ukuhlinzekwa kwefulethi elihlukile noma indawo yokuhlala, okubandakanya okufanayo inani lamakamelo. Qaphela ukuthi ngemuva kokuthi isinqumo senziwe ukudiliza noma ukwakha kabusha indlu, ungabezela efulethini lapho behlala khona. Kufanele kukhumbule kuphela ukuthi le nqubo yinde impela (kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya ku-1). Hhayi-ke, ngaphambi kokuphela kokuphela kwamahhala, kuhlala isikhathi esincane - kunwetshwe ngaphambi koJanuwari 1, 2010 kuphela.
Uma indawo yokuhlala ifulekwe endlini, edilizwayo noma yakhiwe kabusha, khona-ke inani layo lihlanganisa ngokuqinisekile izindleko ezidingekayo zomnikazi zokulungiswa nokwenza ngcono, ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwenhloso yayo okuhlosiwe. Kodwa-ke, uma uqale ukwenza ukulungiswa ngemuva kokuthi waziswe ngokusemthethweni ngokubuyiselwa okuzayo, izindleko zakho entengo yokuhlengwa kwentengo yefulethi ngeke zifake
Ingabe indlu ingaba ngaphezulu?
Uma ungumnikazi, khona-ke ngokudilizwa noma ukwakha kabusha, uzothola izindlu endaweni efanayo. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukwandisa indawo efulethini - ngemuva kwakho konke, ngokomthetho, okujwayelekile kwezenhlalo kuyi-18m2 yendawo ephelele yomuntu ngamunye. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Iqiniso lokuthi i-footage yefulethi elisha izoncika ngokuyinhloko ekwakhiweni komndeni wakho.Uma ungumnikazi wedwa noma izindlu, indawo ephelele yendawo eyabelwe ungenza u-36m2, okungukuthi, okulawulwa kaningi. Kodwa-ke, ukweqiwa okunjalo kuvunyelwe kuphela lapho kukhona izici ezithile zokuklama zegumbi elinikeziwe. Ifulethi le-studio elinendawo ephelele ka-36-44m2, kanye nomndeni wabantu ababili abangahlanganisi nomngane onamakamelo amabili nendawo engu-36-50m2 evela endaweni ephelele ye 36-44m2. Umndeni wabathathu ungabalwa efulethini elihlala egumbini lokulala elinendawo ephelele engu-54-62m2 (uma kukhona abalingani phakathi kwamalungu omndeni) noma efulethini elinamagumbi amathathu nendawo enesici esingu-62-74m2 (uma kukhona abashadikazi emndenini). I-Avot yomndeni wabantu abane noma ngaphezulu kuzoba yinkomba eyinhloko ngeke ibe yinombolo yamakamelo, kepha indawo ephelele ayikho ngaphansi kwe-18m2 ngayinye.
Uma umndeni unomuntu ogulayo, ohlushwa omunye waba yizifo ezingamahlalakhona (uhlu lwabo lusungulwa ngumthetho) ngesimo esinzima, lapho-ke igumbi elilodwa elilodwa lodwa lomuntu onikezwe lapho lihamba lapho lihamba. Amamitha angeziwe afakwa futhi emcimbini wokuthi kukhona abazongenela ukhetho noma odokotela besayensi phakathi kwamalungu omndeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunomndeni wakudala emndenini, khona-ke efulethini elisha, ngamunye wabo kufanele abe negumbi.
Kepha lapha kukhona izingibe zakho. Uma ufuna ukuthola indlu, izimo zakho zikhule ngamabomu (ngokwesibonelo, zithuthela efulethini, indawo engahambelani neleveli) noma unenye ifulethi, khona-ke amanye amamitha wesikwele ngeke akunikeze.
KAKHULU: Lapho nje isinqumo sokudilizwa noma ukwakhiwa kabusha kwendlu samukelwa, abanikazi kuphela abanelungelo lokubhalisa abaqashi abasha efulethini. Qikelela: Inani labanikazi befulethi liyanda kuphela uma lifakiwe kwisitifiketi sobunikazi bendawo yezakhiwo (efulethini). Ngakho-ke, iqiniso lokubhaliswa endaweni yangakulo efulethini lelungu lomndeni elisha alisho ukuthi ungalifanelekela ifulethi ekhaya elisanda kwakhiwa. U-Isesley indodana yakho eshadile yashada noma indodakazi yashada, bese ukhetha umndeni osemusha efulethini elisha lapho usuka ekhaya elidilizwayo noma eliklanywe kabusha ungaba ngumnikazi wefulethi lakho. Kungenzeka ukwandisa inani labanikazi bezindlu, noma ngokungena kwinkontileka yokuthengisa nabo, noma ukupha (ukuphetha isivumelwano sokunikela) ingxenye yefulethi. Kodwa-ke, cabanga ngalokhu: Prakthiza ukuthi ngenxa yokwandisa isikhala sokuphila, abahlali besikhathi esizayo bavame ukuqeda imishado embi, ngakho-ke iziphathimandla zoMbuso zibheka yonke lelo cala ngokwehlukana. Abaqashi bangabhalisa efulethini kuphela izingane zabo ezincane, futhi wonke amanye amalungu omndeni avela kuphela ngemvume yegunya, ngokuya ngezidingo zomthetho ngesilinganiso sokuphila kwesilinganiso sokuphila.
Uma umnikazi noma umqashi ehamba okwesikhashana (endabeni yokwakhiwa kabusha noma ekwakheni kabusha ngokususwa), khona-ke ekugcineni komsebenzi wokulungisa, ibuyela efulethini lakhe langaphambili. Kodwa-ke, kungukuthi ubukhulu bezakhiwo ngemuva kokulungiswa okukhulu noma ukwakhiwa kabusha. Labo abahlala efulethini noma egumbini ngokwemibandela yezinkontileka zomphakathi, ukuqasha, futhi nalabo abahlala nabo amalungu emindeni yabo banelungelo lokuthola izindinganiso zokuhlala kulo mndeni. .
Kulabo abaphila ezindlini
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uma umnikazi wefulethi noma amalungu omndeni wakhe esezibalweni zezindlu (kepha amukelwa njengoba kudingeka ekwenzeni ngcono izimo zezindlu ngemuva kukaMashi 1, 2005), izakhiwo ezintsha zokuhlala zizonikezwa ngokwazo ngokuya ngezindlela, Kepha ngaphansi kwenkontileka yokuqashwa komphakathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, lapho usuthole ifulethi elisha, umnikazi uzoba umqashi, futhi izindlu zazo zangaphambili zizodluliselwa empahleni yedolobha. Uhlelo olunjalo lokuncipha lwenzelwe ikakhulukazi labo bantu, ezimweni ezihlukile, ngeke bakwazi ukuqukatha indlu etholakele yendawo enkulu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe: Uma umqashi, iminyaka engu-5 edlule yanda ngamabomu izimo zakhe zokuphila, okwenza ukuthengiselana kwezakhiwo, uzonikezwa isinxephezelo kuphela noma inani elihlelwe indawo yokuhlala.
Mhlawumbe umnikazi akahambelani nanoma yimiphi lendlu ehlongozwe kuye ngedolobha. Ngemuva kwalokho uthola isinxephezelo noma intengo ehlengiwe, kepha ayisuswa kwirekhodi lezindlu. Ukuze uthole umqashi wezakhiwo zokuhlala, eminye imithetho iyasebenza: izothola ifulethi noma ngabe yamukelwa lapho edinga ukuthuthuka kwezimo zezindlu. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi labo abakwazile ukumela izindlu kuze kube nguMashi 1, 2005, banganikeza izindlu ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sokuqashwa kwezenhlalo noma i-semicircle (okufanele banikeze indawo yokuhlala kamuva ngaphansi kwenkontileka yenhlalo ukuqasha.
Njengombukiso wokuzijwayeza, ekhaya, owabona okuphuthumayo, akukude njalo kunalokho: Izakhamizi zendlu futhi azizwanga ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezindlu zazo, futhi azange zikhonze noma kuphi. Kepha indawo lapho indlu ifanelekile, ngamthanda umtshali zimali njengeplatifomu yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esiphakeme esiphakeme, isikhungo esilandelayo sokuthenga noma isakhiwo sehhovisi. Ukulwa ne-Syndrome ye- "ngengozi", kunjalo, kungenzeka futhi kunesidingo futhi kudingekile, kodwa kubo bonke abahlali bale ndlu ndawonye nakwinkantolo
Ukuhleleka kokuhamba
Lapho nje umnikazi wezindlu noma umqashi kanye neziphathimandla, ogada inhlangano yokuhlelwa kabusha (isikhundla, ihhovisi leMeya, uMnyango Wezezindlu), kuvunyelwa isivumelwano efulethini, kuphetha noma kuphethwe efulethini. Kodwa-ke, uma udlulela esakhiweni esisha, esingakaze sidlule impahla yedolobha, okokuqala yenza inkontileka yesikhashana yokuqashwa. Lapho nje amadokhumenti esendlini futhi izwe lihlotshiswe (lingathatha izinyanga eziyi-6 liye kwiminyaka eyi-1,5), inkontileka ivuselelwa. Amaphuzu amabili abalulekile lapha. Okokuqala, esivumelwaneni sokuqashwa sesikhashana kufanele sikhulume ukuthi kuncike ekuvuseleleni. Okwesibili, isivumelwano kufanele futhi sibe nemininingwane yokuthi izindlu zingezethu ngesisekelo sobunikazi, kuyadingeka ukuze ungabi nenqubo yangasese (kanye nomnikazi hhayi ngemuva kokuhamba efulethini likamasipala).
Ukubuyisa ngenkontileka ohlinzekwa ngenye indawo yokuhlala egcinwe kahle, okulingana nendawo ekhululiwe kanye nenani lamakamelo. Qaphela ukuthi umthetho awuvumeli abaphathi ukuthi bathathe imali eyengeziwe ngomehluko ngezindleko zezakhiwo eziguqukayo. Ukuchazwa kwe-Persimium yeNkantolo Ephakeme yeRussia Federation №148PV-02 yango-Ephreli 2, 2003. Yaziwa njengokuphikisana nomthetho wenhlangano futhi ingasebenzi kusukela ngosuku lokutholwa kwalo ngesigaba 4 sesigaba 3.5 sokuhlinzekwa kukaNombolo 30 kusuka ngo-18 no-2000. "Enqubweni yokuhlala kabusha kwabanikazi, abaqashi, abaqashi kanye nabanye abantu ezakhiweni zokuhlala ukuze zikhulule amakhaya, lapho kunempahla kamasipala nohulumeni yedolobha laseMoscow" (Lo mbhalo uhlelo lokusebenza esimemelweni sikahulumeni yeMoscow No. 30 kusuka ngo-18 no-2000), okuhlinzekelwe okukhokhwayo. Imali nawe ungathatha kuphela esimweni esisodwa: uma ngokwakho ufuna ukukhulisa usayizi wefulethi lakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuze ubhale isitatimende mathupha mayelana nokuhlinzeka ngezindlu ngesikwele esithe xaxa. Uma usuvele wenza "imali eyengeziwe" enjalo, kepha indawo yendawo yokuhlala ayizange yandise isicelo sokuhlinzekwa kwendlu enkulu ayizange ibhale, khona-ke ungafuna ukubuyiselwa kwaleli nani, kepha ngenkantolo.
Ubunzima bungenzeka uma efulethini lisetshenziswa ngesisekelo sesivumelwano sokuqashwa komphakathi. Abameli ababhekele ezimweni ezihlobene nezingxabano bayaqashelwa ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuphonsela inselelo inselelo enjalo enkantolo. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani lokukhokhisa lincike kwikhambi lekhomishini yezindlu zomphakathi, futhi indlela yokubala kwayo ayihlali icacile ngisho nakubo ochwepheshe. Ochwepheshe banikeza izeluleko ezilandelayo: Uma ukukhokhiswa okudingekayo kukhulu ngokweqile, ungavuma ukuhambisa, kepha usayizi wawo wokuphonsela inselelo enkantolo.
Ngemuva kokuthi ifulethi likhethiwe, abaqashi kuzofanele bahambe. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kube namahhala efulethini kungakapheli inyanga eyi-1 ngemuva kokuphela kwenkontileka nokuthola idokhumenti ngobunikazi bezakhiwo zokuhlala noma imali yokunxephezelwa kwemali noma intengo yokuhlenga noma intengo yokuhlenga noma intengo yokuhlenga noma intengo yokuhlenga noma intengo yokuhlenga noma intengo yokuhlenga noma intengo yokuhlenga noma inkokhelo yokuhlengwa noma intengo yokuhlenga. Ama-avot abaqashi bezindlu angafakwa futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuncike kwimibandela yenkontileka. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, iziphathimandla zasemadolobheni zinikeza abafuduki emotweni yokuhamba. Lokhu kwenziwa erekhodi ngalolo suku okuzoba lula kulabo abahambayo.