Izintela ezintsha zocingo: Izici zokuqhathanisa zezindlela zokukhokha. Amasu wentela weselula ne-IP telephony.
Kuze kube muva nje, sasebenzisa imali eyodwa yokukhokhela ifoni futhi sathola inani elingenamkhawulo lesikhathi sokuxhumana ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yedolobha kanye nezingcingo zomuntu ngamunye zezingcingo. Ukwethulwa kwemithetho emisha yokukhokhwa kwezinsizakalo zocingo kwabamba isimanga. Abaningi akulula ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi intela yokukhetha, ecabanga ukuthi kunenqwaba yezinye izindlela zocingo olujwayelekile lwefulethi. Ngenkathi amaPhalamende aphikisa ukuthi imithetho emisha yokukhokha evuselelwa ngayo, ake sizame ukuhlola amakhono akho.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngezidingo zoMthetho "Kwezokuxhumana" kanye nemithetho yokuhlinzekwa kwendawo yendawo, i-Intangane, ibanga le-International kanye Nezingcingo Zomhlaba Wonke kusuka ngoFebhuwari 1, 2007. Ama-opharetha wocingo ajwayelekile kufanele athumele ababhalisile ithuba lokukhokhela izingxoxo ngenye yezindlela ezintathu ezihlukile: ngenkathi usebenzisa imali yokubhalisa noma kuhlanganiswe.
Ucingo
I-Timing Tariff Plan Igxile kulabo abakhuluma kancane ocingweni olungenamhlaba. Futhi, abasebenzisi abanjalo bazokhokha inani elibandakanya imali ekhishwe ngocingo kanye nemali yezikhathi abakhulume ngazo nezintela zasendaweni ezivumile. KumaSulumane, imali ekhishelwayo izoba ngama-ruble ayi-125., ESt Imizuzu eyi-1, ama-muscovites azokhokha ama-kopecks angama-28., AmaPhetrosi - 25kop., Kanye nabahlali baseKamchadaly neSakhelin, 26kop. Vele, inani lemizuzu elichithwa ezingxoxweni zocingo emndenini ngamunye lihlukile, kodwa, ngokusho kwezibalo ze-MGTS, umndeni ojwayelekile okhuluma ngo-300-400min.
I-CORCIFFING TRALIFF Kubandakanya imali yokubhalisa (ama-ruble ayi-125) kanye nemali ekhokhwayo yevolumu ethile (isikhathi sesisekelo) sokuxhunyaniswa ngocingo lwendawo. Ifakwe ngabasebenza ezokuxhumana kwasendaweni. Ithonywa yizici eziningi, nokuthi ingakanani, ngokwezibalo, izakhamuzi zalesi sifunda zitshelwa ocingweni, nokuthi amanethiwekhi wendawo azolungiswa kanjani ukuguqulwa kwentela engenasikhathi, futhi kuzobiza malini 1 imiz yengxoxo. Ngokunokwenzeka, le ntela ilungele labo abakhuluma ifoni isikhathi eside, kepha hhayi nsuku zonke - ngokwesilinganiso, 370-400min iqukethe ama-370-400. Labo abakhethe uhlelo lwentela ehlanganisiwe bazokhokhelwa eMoscow yevolumu eyisisekelo yezingxoxo ezingama-104. (3700.28), eSt Petersburg- 95 ama-ruble, kuma-ruble angu-promente- 300. Uma ivolumu yezingxoxo idlula isisekelo, khona-ke okuhlukile kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhokhe ngokwahlukana (23kop. Okwe-1min eMoscow, 20kop. ESt. Petersburg).
Uhlelo lwentela olungenamkhawulo - Imali yokuxhuma obhalisile kanye nenombolo engenamkhawulo yemizuzu yengxoxo. Lesi sikimu sithatha imali enkulu kunazo zonke: 380 rub. EMoscow, ama-ruble angama-370. EPetersburg.
Ukukhipha izifunda zababhalisile baseRussia Federation ngeke bakwazi ukusebenzisa uhlelo olusha lokukhokha, ngoba bonke opharetha bezingcingo bashintshele kumathuluzi amasha edijithali ezindawo zokuxhumana, ezikuvumela ukuthi ufeze izingxoxo zocingo ezisuselwa kwisikhathi.
Uma ukholelwa ochwepheshe benkonzo yenhlangano yamanani entela, khona-ke cishe ama-30% amaRussia ngeke akwazi ukusizakala ngezintela ezingaphelelwa isikhathi nezihlanganisiwe. Kulokhu, ukukhokhwa kwefoni kulingana nenani lebhodi lokuxhuma kwinethiwekhi futhi empeleni izingcingo zokukhuluma ocingweni, ezibalwa, ezisuselwa esikhathini esijwayelekile sezingxoxo. Uma nje inkampani yezingcingo ingavuseleli imishini, imali izoba ngama-ruble angama-80-90 ama-muscovites. Ngezingxoxo kanye nama-ruble ayi-125. Ngokuxhumeka (okungukuthi, obhalisile wenethiwekhi yocingo enjalo uzokhokha ama-ruble angama-220-25.).
Ababhalisile bazothola i-akhawunti eyodwa lapho bendawonye kanye nombhalisi bazofaka ukuxhumana okungapheli kwe- "Interlocutor yeselula". Ungakhokhela i-akhawunti nge-MGTS Ucingo Node, emagatsheni nasezigabeni zamabhange, kanye nezinhlelo zokukhokha nge-elekthronikhi.
U-Athena cabanga izindleko futhi uqhathanise nezimali ezingabalwali ezedlule zocingo. Uma i-Moskvich isebenzisa uhlelo lokuqala lwentela, imali ekhokhwa njalo ngenyanga izoba ngama-ruble ayi-125. Kanye nezindleko zezingxoxo. Konke kuzobe kungumuntu "okhuluma kahle", kuzoba: 125 + (1000.28) = 153RUB. Kuncane noma kuqhathaniswa nokuthi bakhokha malini ngefoni ngaphambili. Uma kukhethwe uhlelo lwesibili lwentela, kuzofanele ukhokhe: 125 + 104 = 229 RUB. Kanye nezindleko zesinxephezelo sezingxoxo ngevolumu eyisisekelo (370min). Ngezindleko ezinjalo uhlelo lokukhokha lusondele kwabadala, uma ungahambi "ocingweni isikhathi eside. Uyacelwa ukuthi wazi ukuthi izindleko zakho zefoni zingakhuphuka kakhulu: umzuzu ngamunye ngaphezulu kwevolumu eyisisekelo yama-muscovites, ngokwesibonelo, kuzobiza ama-23 kopecks.
I-Isesley Ukhethe uhlelo olungenamkhawulo, imali izoba cishe izikhathi ezi-2 kunangaphambili, kepha awudingi ukubala imizuzu yengxoxo.
Inqubo yokukhetha imali ekhokhwayo kanye noguquko ohlelweni olusha lokukhokha kwakufanele ludlule ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2007. Ababhalisile bathole izinkokhelo ngamawindi amathathu angenalutho ngenani lezinhlelo. Ngakho-ke ukukhetha kwentela empeleni kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhokha okunikezwe ngezinsizakalo zocingo.
Uma obhalisile engazange akhethe noma yiziphi izinhlelo ezintathu, ifoni izohunyushelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kubiza kakhulu - okungenamkhawulo.
Labo ababhalisile abakujabulele izinzuzo lapho bakhokha izinsizakalo zocingo, abaphathi bendawo bazokhokha isinxephezelo - eMoscow kuzoba ama-ruble angama-190. (Eqinisweni, iyisigamu esibiza kakhulu, esingenamkhawulo, sentela). Kumayelana nalesi sinxephezelo sokuthi izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zavuka, ngoba amanani entela amasha avunywa yinkonzo yemali yeFederal ngoDisemba 5, 2006. futhi eshicilelwe ngoDisemba 22, lapho isabelomali sezifunda kanye nesabelomali sombuso sezivele zamukelwe. Kusho ukuthi izindleko zokukhokhwa kwemali yokunxeshezelwa kwezigaba ezikhethayo zababhalisile benethiwekhi yocingo kuzodingeka ukuthi badluliselwe kwizimali zesabelomali. Inqubo yalezi zinkokhelo isasebenza.
Othandweni, imali ekhokhwayo ingashintshwa, noma kunjalo, khumbula ukuthi ushintsho luzokhululeka okokuqala ngqa. Ukushintshwa kabusha kwentela kuzokubiza ngama-ruble angama-50-25. (Kuya ngesifunda). Ukuze wenze lokhu, thintana ne-node yefoni bese ubhala isitatimende esihambisanayo.
Yize ochwepheshe benkonzo yenhlangano yamanani entela futhi bethembisa ukuthi umncintiswano oqinisiwe uzokhuthaza abasebenza ngocingo futhi bazophoqeleka ukuba balwe nababhalisile babo ngemali elungile yokuncipha, ukukhethwa kohlelo lwentela kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína. Kungakho oklelushelulupholide beluleka ukuhlaziya ukuthi uvame ukuchitha isikhathi esingakanani ezingxoxweni zocingo, bese unquma ukuthi yiliphi uhlelo oluzuzisa kakhulu. Isimo Sathane Esinakuntu ngenani lama-akhawunti wefoni lizokusiza ngesikhathi sokuqaphela ukuxhumana okungagunyaziwe kulayini wakho wezingcingo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abakhethe intela engaphelelwa isikhathi noma ehlanganisiwe. Uma ubona ukuthi ama-akhawunti akho akhuphuke, ngenkathi ungazange ukhulume ocingweni ngaphezulu, xhumana nenombolo yocingo, bazokusiza ukuthi unqamule ama-hooligans ngomugqa wakho.
U-Atheper siphakamisa ukucubungula ezinye izinketho zokuxhumana futhi sihlaziye ubuhle babo kanye nosizo.
Mobile = ukuma okumisiwe?
Kunezimo eziningi lapho kufanele uguqukele ezinsizakalweni zabasebenza ngeselula. Iningi lazo linikeza amasu wentela, ukusetshenziswa kwawo amazinga okuhambisana kocingo lwe-landline.Kumele kushiwo ukuthi izindleko zefoni ephathekayo ezingenamkhawulo ekuqaleni nje zibaluleke kakhulu kunocingo lwasendlini, ngoba kufanele ukhokhele ukuxhumana kwenani elingenamkhawulo, izinsizakalo zopharetha weselula, futhi (kwezinye izimo) Ukuthenga ishubhu lezingcingo eliguqulwe ukuze usebenze kuleli Zinga lokuxhumana kwamaselula. Abanye opharetha bakulungele ukuhlela kabusha i-handset yakho ukuze basebenzise kunethiwekhi yakho. Imvamisa ukuheha amakhasimende anikezela ngezaphulelo ezibalulekile. Isibonelo, uma ukhokha ukusetshenziswa kwemizuzu emibili yohlelo lwentela olungenamkhawulo, uxhumeke kwinethiwekhi mahhala.
Bala izindleko zokuxhumana. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwe-MTS Triff olungenamkhawulo kuzokubiza ngama-ruble angama-3300-3500. ngenyanga; Ukuxhuma intela engenamkhawulo kungama-ruble angama-5500. Uma ufuna ukushiya inombolo yakho, futhi ushintshe uhlelo lwentela kuphela, ulungele ukunikeza enye i-4500 rub. Ukubhoboza ibhonasi lapho kuxhuma inombolo entsha kwi-akhawunti yakho kuzobhalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ama-ruble angama-550.
Isixhumanisi se-Skek sinikeza amasu ambalwa angenamkhawulo, ukusetshenziswa kwawo okuzokubiza ngama-ruble angu-1000-5000. Instaz kanye nezindleko ze-handset, eziqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-2000. (Ngedivayisi enemisebenzi elula kunazo zonke, kepha iguqulwe ukuze isebenze kunethiwekhi yayo). Uhlelo lwentela olungenamkhawulo lwe- "Arktel" - kusuka ku-1300 rub. ngenyanga; I-Corbina Telecom- 2220rub. Izinsizakalo ezingezekile - Inombolo Ecacile, Ezokuxhumana Nezinkomfa - zikhokhwa ngokwahlukile. Ngaphezu kwamanani angenamkhawulo, opharetha weselula banikeza ukukhokhiswa okuphoqayo. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwentela "olubaluleke kakhulu" ngenombolo ye-Federal of the Corbina Telecom opharetha ithatha ukuthi ama-ruble angama-560. Umbhalisile uthola ofonayo uthola imizuzu engama-200 (ngezinsuku zeviki), inani elingenamkhawulo lemizuzu yezingxoxo zasendaweni ngezimpelasonto nezingcingo ezingenayo zamahhala. Labo abakhetha uhlelo lwe- "Instaluluble" Traiff ngenombolo yedolobha elizokhokha ngaphezulu - ama-ruble angama-1060, kepha azothola inombolo eqondile. Kuliqiniso, ukuxhumana kuzofanela kunikeze ama-ruble angu-1500. Zonke izingcingo zevolumu eyisisekelo zikhokhiswa ngokwahlukana.
U-Atheper ake sibheke izindleko ngakolunye uhlangothi. Yebo, kunjalo, ukhokha inani, eliqinile kakhulu kunefoni yezwe, noma ngohlelo lwamanani abiza kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uthola zombili izingcingo zeselula, nesekhaya, ezizokuvumela ukuthi uhlale uthintana njalo. Mhlawumbe opharetha benethiwekhi abamisayo bazohlangana nababhalisile ukuze bahlangane futhi bavumele ukudlulisa izinombolo ezivela kwinethiwekhi emile kuya kuselula.
Izinsizakalo zebanga elide nezizwe, kanye nezingcingo kumaselula, njengakuqala, zizokhokhwa ngokwahlukile.
I-Intanethi + Ucingo
Kukhona nenguqulo yesithathu yenhlangano yokuxhumana ngocingo: Ungasebenzisa i-IP telephony, noma, umane ukhulume, ukuxhumana ngocingo nge-Intanethi. Omunye wabokuqala ukwazisa lula kwe-Internet telephony Astronats yaseMelika. B1994G. Baba ngabasebenzisi bezinhlelo ezakhiwa eCornell University nase-University of Illinois.
Ngobuchwepheshe, yonke into ilula: Sisebenzisa i-Intanethi ngocingo, oluvumela hhayi kuphela ukuthi "shayela" kusuka kwikhompyutha kuye kwikhompyutha, kepha futhi ukuxhumana nomuntu obhalisile kwinethiwekhi emile noma yefoni ephathekayo, kanye nokudlulisela ucingo. Eqinisweni, bonke abasebenzisi be-imeyili abasebenzisi (ngokwesibonelo, i-ICQ, QIP, i-Miranda IDR.) Yiba nekhono lokuxhumana ngemibhalo noma ngemiyalezo yezwi, kanye nokudlulisela komunye nomunye izithombe zesikhathi sangempela.
Qhathanisa izindleko zefoni ye-Intanethi kanye nokuxhumana okujwayelekile ngocingo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zama-imeyili ezimweni eziningi mahhala, futhi izindleko zakho zincishiswa ukufinyelela kwi-Intanethi.
Izindleko ezingeziwe ze-inthanethi ze-telephony zihlotshaniswa nenketho yokuxhumana oyikhethayo. Ukuze uthole izingxoxo nge-Intanethi, ngaphezu kwekhompyutha yomuntu siqu, uzodinga imakrofoni - kuyo. Uzokhuluma, futhi izikhulumi - ukuzwa i-interlocutor (kumamodeli amaningi weziqaphayo zanamuhla). Ukuze kube lula kakhudlwana, ungathenga ama-headphone ngemakrofoni noma i-handset ekhethekile eguqulwe ukuze usebenze ngekhompyutha yomuntu siqu (noma uxhume ngocingo olujwayelekile kwikhompyutha ngesango, uguqula amasiginali ocingo olujwayelekile).
Uma uhlela ukuhlela "ukubona kwevidiyo", okungukuthi, bona i-interlocutor yakho, kudingeka i-webcam (kumamodeli athile we-laptop asevele ayakhiwe).
Uma usebenzisa i-Intanethi ye-Intanethi ukuxhumana nababhalisile bamanethiwekhi wefoni ajwayelekile kanye namaselula, izindleko zakho zizokwanda, kepha azibalulekanga. Ngokungangabazeki, ucingo lwe-Intanethi luzosebenza kahle kulabo abavame ukubiza kwamanye amadolobha namazwe - izingcingo ezinjalo ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ejwayelekile yezingcingo zibiza kakhulu. Njengoba izingcingo ze-Intanethi zisuselwa kuphela emigqeni yocingo, imigqa ye-High-Tech fiber-optic isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa idatha kumabanga amade. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise ubudlelwano besondlo nobudlelwano bamanye amazwe. Isibonelo, uma ubiza nge-Skype - enye yezinhlelo ezivame kakhulu ze-Intanethi-telephony ezisekupheleni "emhlabeni wangaphandle", khona-ke ucingo obhalisile eRussia luzobiza cishe ama-ruble angama-1,4. Ye-1min. Amanani ezingcingo zomhlaba wonke azojabulisa nalabo abasetshenziselwa ukukhuluma isikhathi eside, - izingxoxo ze-1min ezinombhalisi, isibonelo, e-US, eCanada, eJalimane, zibiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-1,2.
Ukukhokha kungenziwa ngokudluliselwa kwezimali ngemali, ukudluliselwa kwemali kwi-akhawunti yasebhange noma kusetshenziswa i-visa, mastercard, amakhadi asebhange e-Delta.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba sekushiwo, akukho mishini ekhethekile ezodingeka ngokwezimiso. Kodwa-ke, izinkampani ngazinye sezivele zathuthuka amamodeli wezingcingo ezingasetshenziswa ukuxhumana nezinhlelo ze-Intanethi ze-Intanethi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kulokhu, ngeke udinge ikhompyutha kulokhu, ifoni ifakwe isikrini esikhulu impela, lapho uzobona khona hhayi kuphela igobolondo le-software elijwayelekile, kodwa futhi lisebenzisa i-Video Conference Mode) .
Ezinye izinhlelo zocingo ze-Inthanethi zikuvumela ukuthi usungule ngisho nokuxhumana kwamahhala nababhalisile benethiwekhi yocingo abatholakala emazweni athile. Izinhlelo ze-telephony ze-inthanethi azikabi namandla amakhulu, kepha amanani amakhono okuxhumana kanye namakhono okuhambisa idatha azokwenza uhlobo olunjalo lokuxhumana lukhange kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesinyathelo okulandelayo ukusetshenziswa kwe-IP telephony njengokuxhumana kweselula. Manje kungenzeka kuphela lapho kusebenza khona amanethiwekhi we-Wi-Fi. Kepha konke kuya eqinisweni lokuthi eminyakeni embalwa, ucingo ngocingo ngokuxhumana noma ikhompyutha ephaketheni ngemodyuli ye-Wi-Fi izoncintisana nokuxhumana okujwayelekile kwamaselula.