Izindlela zokuphatha izakhiwo zasefulethini ezihlinzekwe yi-LCD RF yabanikazi bezakhiwo. Isakhiwo sokuphathwa kwezinkampani zabaphathi.
Khumbula i-Business Lady Manager evela kuLeonida Gaidai's "Paine Paime"? Uma kungenjalo, ngeze. Ngokushesha, u-Aimenno Nokuhamba phambili ku-1 jar ka-2007, isakhiwo ngasinye sefulethi kufanele sibe nenkampani yaso. Ubaba, njengabaqashi ukukhetha indlela yokuphatha, futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Ngokusho kwekhanda loMnyango Wezindlu Nezinsizakalo Zomphakathi kanye nokwenza ngcono iMoscow A.L.Loni, kusuka kubantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-39 eMoscow nezinkampani zokuphatha, cishe ezinkulungwaneni eziyizinkulungwane zazinqunyelwe. Isimo empeleni asisigcini ngaphandle kwenhloko-dolobha, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izifunda. Isibonelo, eRiphabhulikhi yaseKomi, ama-supid angama-53 aqhutshwa ekukhetheni indlela yokuphatha izakhiwo zasefulethini, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kuphela lapho kuxazululwa khona umbuzo. Konke lokhu bekuyisizathu sokuthatha isinqumo soMnyango we-Duma, lapho abanikazi bezakhiwo ezakhiweni efulethini kufanele bakhethe inhlangano yabaphathi, yanwetshwa ku-1 Junk 2007.
Manje yini inkinga? Iziphathimandla ezibhekele ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwezindlu kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi ngokuvuma ukuthi imbangela yokukhanya kwenani labantu ukuqwashisa ngokwanele. Ake sizame ukuthola isimo sindawonye.
Imiphumela yokuhlukaniswa kwezindlu zangasese zezindlu efulethini ezindlini eRussia, ngokuhlukahluka okungavamile, zinobunikazi obuphelele. Isibonelo, eMoscow cishe ama-25% ezindlu zikaMasipala, kepha futhi kukhona izakhiwo ezinjalo lapho impahla yasemadolobheni ihlala icishe ishiywe. Ukwehlukahlukana kobunikazi kudinga izenzo ezivunyeliweyo zazo zonke izakhiwo zendawo yokuhlala kanye nezohlala endaweni yokuhlala lapho ziphatha impahla evamile yendlu enjalo.
Ikhodi yangaphambili yezindlu ilawulwa yisisekelo sezindlu njengoba kwenziwa ngesisekelo sochwepheshe ngokwesifundazwe noma iziphathimandla zasekhaya ngokusebenzisa izindlu nezinhlangano ezisebenzayo zezinhlangano "zokusebenza kwezezindlu" (Isigaba 16-17). Kufakwe uhlelo lokulawula izindlu zezindlu, ngakho-ke, amazinga amabili: isimo kanye nezinhlangano ezisebenzayo. Izinsizakalo zomphakathi zitholwe yizinhlangano ezingesona ezingekho emthethweni ngesisekelo esingahlukile. Lokhu bekusho ukuthi uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo noma ikhwalithi yazo ephansi, isimo sasingeke silungiswe, ngoba isimo sokuheha umqondisi wekhasimende elihlanganisiwe (DZ) kubulungiswa kwizakhamizi azizange zinikeze ubuhlobo nobudlelwano ayilawulwa.
Namuhla, le ndlela idluliselwe kahle. Amakhaya okuhlala awasenawo uMbuso ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokuphatha kufanele lubandakanye amazinga amathathu omsebenzi. Abanikazi kufanele bakwazi ukunquma ngokuzimela i-Management Scheme futhi bakhethe inhlangano yokuphatha izindlu. Izongena kwizinkontileka nezinhlangano ezibandakanyeka ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsiza nezindlu, zihlinzeka ngezimo ezintofontofo neziphephile zendawo yokuhlala ngosizo lwazo. Izibopho eziphambili zenhlangano yokuphathwa kwenhlangano yokuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezezimali zemisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezezimali, ukuhlinzeka ngesimo esifanele esidluliselwe eHhovisi le-Real Estate, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinsizakalo zekhwalithi, indawo yendawo.
Ikhodi entsha yezindlu isuselwe kwilungelo elincamelayo lomnikazi wezakhiwo zokuhlala, ngokuyisisekelo kwashintsha umqondo wokuphatha isakhiwo efulethini. Ekuqaleni, ilungelo labanikazi uqobo enhlanganweni yokuphathwa kwesakhiwo sefulethi lifakwe ku-codex. Abaniniyo bayadingeka ukuthi baqukathe eyabo, impahla echazwe ngawodwana, kanye nempahla evamile yendlu. Ngasikhathi sinye, izici zobuchwepheshe ngamunye kanye nesimo sesakhiwo kubhekwa, kanye nezidingo ezithile zabanikazi bezakhiwo.
Yiziphi izinketho zokulawula isakhiwo sefulethi? Kubanikazi bezakhiwo zokuhlala, amathuba amathathu anikezwa ngokusemthethweni: ukuphatha impahla yabo ngokwawo, ukuhlanganisa ukubambisana kwabanini bezindlu noma ukuqasha umphathi ochwepheshe.
Kubanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala, amathuba amathathu anikezwa ngokusemthethweni: ukuphatha impahla yabo ngokwawo, ukuhlanganisa ababambisene nabo bamakhaya noma ukuqasha umphathi. Abanini baphoqelekile ukuba balondoloze impahla yabo, echazwe ngawodwa, kanye nempahla evamile yendlu.
Ukubusa Okuqondile
Uma abanikazi bezakhiwo zokuhlala bekhetha ukwahlukaniswa okuqondile kwezindawo zokuhlala nezingahlali zesakhiwo sefulethi, okusho ukuthi zonke izingqinamba ezijwayelekile ngokuya nge-Article 164 ye-Codecyrf anquma ngokwazo. Inani labanikazi ababambe iqhaza ekuphathweni okuqondile, i-HCCF ayilawulwa.Ukuze usebenzise isinqumo sawo ekusebenzeni, abanikazi bangakwazi ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, zonke izindaba zokuphatha zamanje zingaxazululwa emihlanganweni ejwayelekile yabanikazi bezakhiwo. Okwesibili, abanikazi bangasakaza imisebenzi ekuphathweni kwasekhaya. Okwesithathu, bangakhetha oyedwa wabaqashi, bamnikeze igunya lokuphatha umnotho wasendlini, noma ameme umuntu ohlukile phakathi kwabanikazi (kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuzibandakanya komphathi ochwepheshe kuwuhlobo olukhethekile lokuphathwa kwe Isakhiwo sefulethi, ngakho-ke kuleli cala kungenzeki). Amandla womuntu, egameni labo bonke abanikazi, azongena ebudlelwaneni nabantu besithathu (ngokwesibonelo, enenkampani yokulungisa noma inkampani yezokuphepha), kufanele aqinisekiswe yibo bonke abanikazi (noma iningi) ngokubhala.
Zonke izinkontileka zokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokulungiswa kanye (noma) ngokulungiswa kwendawo evamile esakhiweni sasefulethini nabantu abakwenzayo kufanele kube abanikazi bezakhiwo kufanele baxazulule umhlangano wabo ojwayelekile. Kwinkontileka, bonke noma iningi labanikazi bezakhiwo ezisendlini basebenza njengolunye uhlangothi. Ngasikhathi sinye, izivumelwano ezinjalo zihlala ngamunye. Ama-Primes afaka izivumelwano ngokuyinhloko zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ezibandayo nezishisayo, ukudonsa kukagesi, ukunikezwa kukagesi (kufaka phakathi izinsiza zegesi kumasilinda), ukufudumeza (ukufudumala, kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzekwa kwamafutha aqinile phambi kwe-hola yokushisa).
Kunenye inkinga - usayizi weminikelo yokulungiswa kwendlu efulethini. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi inani linqunywa ecaleni ngalinye. Abanikazi bezakhiwo - abanikazi abaphethwe ngqo - benze imali yezakhiwo zokuhlala kanye nezinsizakalo ngokuya ngezivumelwano eziphethwe nabantu abahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezifanele. Imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ukuthuthukiswa kwendlu nendawo yendawo, kanye nenani lokubamba iqhaza lomnikazi ngamunye ngezindleko zokugcinwa kwendlu, mayelana nenani lemali yokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo okuxoxwayo emhlanganweni ojwayelekile wabanikazi. Isinqumo sakhe siphoqelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, ngisho nakulabo abangafikanga emhlanganweni. Vele, lowo obengekho noma owayenelisekile ngohlelo lwesenzo ohlongozwayo noluvunyiwe, angafaka isikhalazo enkantolo isinqumo esithathwe ngumhlangano. Kodwa-ke, umthetho uzoba ngasohlangothini lweningi, kunjalo, uma isinqumo senziwa futhi sabhalwa ngokuhambisana nomthetho.
Ungawakha Kanjani Ubambiswano Wamakhaya (HOA)
Ngaphandle kwakho konke okubi kwayo, abanikazi babanikazi bezindlu yindlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuphathwa kwezakhiwo zamafulethi okwamanje. Enye yezinyoni zokuqala eMoscow kwakungubambiswano lweSaburovo.
Inqubo yokwakha i-HOA, elungiswe ku-codecserf yezindlu, yenziwa lula kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nalowo onikezwe umthetho wobumbano "ezindlini zokuhlangana kwezindlu". Lokhu kwenziwa ukusiza abanikazi bezindlu ekubonaneni kwelungelo lokuphatha impahla yabo. Manje ukubhaliswa kwe-condominium akudingeki njengendawo eyinkimbinkimbi yempahla. Kungubufakazi, ngaphambi kokudalwa kwe-HOA, akudingekile ukuxazulula umsebenzi wokufaka ipulazi lomhlaba lapho isakhiwo esinamagumbi amaningi sitholakala khona, ekwakhiweni kwe-condominium.
Ukubhalisa ubudlelwano babanikazi bezindlu, le mibhalo elandelayo kufanele inikezwe igunya elibhalisayo:
Isicelo ngendlela evunyelwe nguhulumeni waseRussia Federation;
Amaminithi omhlangano jikelele wabanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala ngesinqumo ekusungulweni kwenhlangano yezomthetho - ukubambisana kwabanini bezindlu;
Amakhophi ama-reclinists noma amakhophi abunjiwe emibhalo ekhona (i-charter eyisibonelo ye-HOA ingatholwa ngokulandelana koMnyango Wezwe Nombolo 35 we-03.08.1998. ;
Idokhumenti ekukhokhweni komsebenzi wombuso.
Izindleko zezinsizakalo zezinhlangano ezisebenza ngokubhekela ekubhalisweni kwezinhlangano zezomthetho, kufaka phakathi ubudlelwano babanikazi bezindlu, busezingeni lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20-50. Uma amalungu e-HOA ezobhalisa ubudlelwano ngokuzimela, izindleko zizoba cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,5. Kulawa, ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili - umsebenzi wombuso wombuso wombuso wezomthetho (i-Article 333.33 ye-Codecarf yentela); I-500rup. - Isimo Sethukiso Senziwa Kwezenzo ZaseNatarial yi-Notaries of State Notarial Amahhovisi Esitifiketi Semibhalo Yezindawo (Amakhophi Amadokhumenti Akhona) Izinhlangano (I-Article 333.24 yeTodecarf). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokubhaliswa okuzimele, izindleko ezengeziwe zenhlangano zizovela ngokungenakuphikiswa okuhlobene nokubhaliswa kwezesekeli zabaninikhaya.
Ukubhalisa kwenziwa yizindikimba zezwe ze-Federal tax Service.
Inhlangano Yezindlu
Zonke izingqinamba zabaphathi basekhaya zixazululwa yimizimba yokuphatha ye-HOA (umhlangano jikelele wamalungu obambiswano) noma ukubambisana (umhlangano jikelele wamalungu engqungquthela yokubambisana). Imisebenzi yamanje yokuphathwa kwamakhaya ivame ukwenziwa hhayi umhlangano jikelele wamalungu e-HOA neBambisana, kodwa ngokuphathwa kokhetho nosihlalo weBhodi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ikhomishini yokubukeza iyadalwa, eqinisekisa umsebenzi wezezimali wobambiswano (ngokubambisana).
Inhlangano engenzi inzuzo ingaphatha isakhiwo efulethini ngokuzimele (ifeza imisebenzi yedwa noma yafakwa kubasebenzi bayo ngesisekelo sesivumelwano sokuqashwa kwabaphathi basekhaya) noma ukuheha inhlangano yokulawula kwangaphandle (Umphathi) kulokhu, kuphetha okufanele inkontileka nayo. I-HOA iphoqelekile ukuthi iphethe izivumelwano zokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala kanye nempahla evamile ekwakhiweni efulethini nabanikazi noma ngabe kungewona amalungu okubambisana.
Inhlangano Yezezindlu, inhlangano engenzi inzuzo okufanele ibhaliswe. I-Charter yakhe ivunyelwe emhlanganweni jikelele wabanikazi befulethi. Ngokusho kwekhodi yezindlu, "inani lamalungu e-HOA, adala ukubambisana, kufanele adlule amavoti angama-50% avela esilinganisweni sabanikazi besakhiwo." Ukulalela ukwakhiwa kwe-HOA, ukuphathwa kwendlu kwenziwa yizinhlaka ezikhethwe emhlanganweni ojwayelekile wabanikazi.
Izinhlobo zezisindo zokuphathwa kwezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwabanye. Okokuqala, i-HOA njengebhizinisi elisemthethweni lingathatha imalimboleko yasebhange ngezidingo ezijwayelekile zabanikazi.
Ngaphezu kwempahla yobambiswano, hhayi kuphela abanikazi babanikazi abangalashwa, kodwa futhi nendawo yendawo ekhaya, indawo evamile.
Impahla kufanele ihlele kuqala, ngemuva kwalokho i-HOA inelungelo lokuyilahla ngokubona kwalo: ukuthengisa, ukuqasha. Kepha ngaphansi kwesimo esisodwa: Ikhambi lisho ukuthi lifuna izidingo zendlu kuphela. Iphasiphothi yobunikazi basekhaya itholakala enhlanganweni eyayiphethe indlu ngaphambili (i-Directorate of the BTI, okufakwe yimiyalo yokubalwa kwezimali zesikhwama sezindlu eRussia Federation (ivunyelwe yi-Order of UMnyango Wezizwe ZaseRussia Federation No. 37 ka-04.08.1998). Izakhiwo zomhlaba ezakha izakhiwo zamafulethi nezinye izinto zempahla engasuki zitholakala, kungumnikazi ojwayelekile wabelana kwabanikazi bezakhiwo ezakhiweni efulethini. Uma kwakhiwa i-Land Plot ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwe-Codec yezindlu futhi sasikhona kumarekhodi e-State Cadastral, lihamba mahhala kule ndawo eyabiwe yabanikazi bezakhiwo ezakhiweni efulethini.
Uma imingcele yezwe isakhiwo lapho iFundezela itholakala khona ingachazwanga futhi yabhalwa (ie, umhlaba awukhekanga), khona-ke, ngokwesisekelo sesinqumo somhlangano jikelele sabanikazi, i-manor noma enye egunyaziwe Ngomhlangano ocacisiwe womuntu unelungelo lokufaka isicelo kuziphathimandla zombuso noma eziphathimeni zokuzimela ezingokwakhe ezikhuluma ngeSitatimende mayelana nokwakhiwa kwawo. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sezwe kanye nokubamba isimo sayo se-cadastral, kuya engxenyeni ephelele yokwabelana kwabanikazi bezakhiwo ezakhiweni efulethini (Isigaba 16 soMthetho Wezimali Nombolo 189, 2004. " Ngokwethulwa kwe-codecsarf yezindlu ").
Kukhona i-HOA ne-Cons. Isibhedlela, yile ndlela yokuphatha engaba yinsimu yokuhlukunyezwa okuvela kwimizimba yokuphatha ye-HOA. Ikhodi yezindlu iqukethe ukuhlinzekwa ngumqondo oyinhloko we-HOA kungukulungiswa okusekelwe ezizimele kubahlali, nakho konke okunye, okubandakanya imisebenzi yeBhodi, usihlalo, umsebenzi wokuphatha kuphela, olawulwa futhi uphendule. Empeleni, kuvame ukuba yisimo esihlukile. I-Invento, ukusebenzisana okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-minus kuwumthwalo wemfanelo ophelele. Uma umakhelwane wakho kanye nozakwabo kwi-HOA kungazelelwe bacabanga ukuthi bangakhokheli izinsiza, bonke abanye abanikazi kuzofanela ukumboza ukushoda kokushiyeka, futhi kuphela lapho bebiza unembeza we-defaulter. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni samalungelo, empeleni athola ibhodi le-HOA, umnikazi wezakhiwo zokuhlala ugodla kuphela izibopho zokukhokha kuma-akhawunti ngesigaba 3 no-4 kwe-Article 137 ye-Codecarf yezendlu. Vele, imali ekhokhwayo yezinsiza ezenziwa abanye abanikazi ingabuyiselwa enkantolo, kepha cishe akunakwenzeka ukufeza ubusuku bomnikazi.
Impahla kufanele ikhishwe kuqala, emva kwalokho abaninindlu banelungelo lokulilahla ngokubona kwalo: ukuthengisa, ukuqasha. Imali elungisiwe kufanele ihambele izidingo zendlu kuphela.
Ukuphatha inhlangano
Umhlangano wabaqashi ungaheha isilawuli kusuka. Ngendlela, kungenza amalungu e-HOA. Uma ngaphambi kwe-1 gxuma 2007. Abaniniyo ngeke banqunywe ngumuntu ozongenela umphathi wemenenja, uzoqokwa ngesinqumo sikaMasipala, esiphoqelekile ukuba nengcindezi evulekile yezinhlangano ezibusayo.Ukuphatha izinhlangano zingaphansi kwesitifiketi sokuvumelana kwabasebenzi ngaphansi kweqembu lebhizinisi le-Izinsizakusebenza Zokulawulwa Kwezinsizakalo, kufaka phakathi ukugcinwa kwezinhlangano, abanikazi bezinhlangano abazoshicilelwa kwabezindaba. Abanini bezinhlangano Khetha inhlangano yabaphathi, ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukuthola imininingwane mayelana nalezo zinkampani ezisezingeni elifanelekile zoMnyango.
Eqinisweni, amalungelo nezibopho zenhlangano yabaphathi zizofana nalezo ezilungele umqashi ofanele ekuphathweni okuqondile. Inhlangano yabaphathi, emelela izintshisekelo zabaqashi, iphetha izinkontileka ezinezinsizakalo zokusebenza, ixazulula ukuthuthuka kwensimu, ukulungisa, ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo ezingezona zokuhlala. Imininingwane yamalungelo nezibopho zemenenja kufanele iboniswe kwinkontileka. Kungenzeka unake izintshisekelo zabo bonke abahlali bese uzama ukubona kusengaphambili izinketho ezingenzeka, abanikazi bezindlu kuzodingeka baphendukele osizweni lommeli. Inkontileka kufanele ihlinzeke ngezindlela zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe kanye nesibopho sezinto ezibonakalayo zenhlangano yabaphathi.
Futhi lolu hlobo lokuphatha lusobala: asikho isidingo sokwenza ibhizinisi elisemthethweni (ukusebenzisana). Ukuqoka inhlangano yabaphathi, kwanele ukuxazulula umhlangano jikelele wabanikazi. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ekusondeleni ngokucophelela ekukhetheni kwenhlangano yabaphathi, ngoba, usudlulise amandla ayo ekuphathweni komphathi ochwepheshe, izakhamizi zizokwazi ukulawula ikakhulukazi imiphumela yokuphatha, kepha hhayi inqubo uqobo.
Ungayinquma kanjani imali yokuthola izinsiza futhi uhlole usayizi weminikelo?
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokusetshenziswa kwizakhamizi ngokuya nge-akhawunti 1 Isigaba 157 se-Codecarf yezindlu sisungulwa nguhulumeni. Ngokwesiko, usayizi wezimali zomsebenzi (ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okushisayo nokubandayo, ukulahlwa kwamanzi, ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla, ukuhanjiswa kwegesi, ukufudumala) kunqunywe ngokufundwa kwamadivayisi we-accounting. Uma kungekho madivayisi okubalwa kwezimali, imali izobalwa ngesisekelo samazinga okusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Lezi zindinganiso zivunywa ohulumeni basekhaya (ezinhlangeni ezikhona zeRussia Federation of Federal Okuphawuleka Moses
Ukuze uhlole inani lokukhokha elibekwe yinhlangano yabaphathi, kuyadingeka ukuthatha isimemezelo esifanele sokuhlala ezweni kanye nomzimba osebenzayo bese uqhathanisa inani elibaliwe lokukhokha imali ngokuqokwa.
Qala ukuphatha
Ukuvota kungaba isikhathi esigcwele no-Abstentee. Ngenani elikhulu labanikazi bezakhiwo, umhlangano jikelele ngendlela yokuvota okungekho emthethweni ukuvota ngokuhlelekile. Kulokhu, abanikazi badlulisa izinqumo zabo ngezinkinga ezibangelwe kuvoti ngokubhala ekhelini elibhalwe eMhlanganweni Kazwelonke.
Uhlobo lokuvota emhlanganweni jikelele wabanikazi bezakhiwo bunqunywa yi-RF.3 Article 48 yeZhccrf: Inani lamavoti omnikazi ngamunye wekamelo emhlanganweni ojwayelekile lilingana nokwabelana kwakhe Ngakwesokudla kwempahla evamile yempahla ejwayelekile kule ndlu. Ngamanye amagama, inani lamavoti okuthi umnikazi anqunywa ngosayizi (indawo yangempela) yempahla yayo.
Le ndlela yokuvota ivamile. Uma sikhuluma ngokwenza izinqumo ngamalungu e-HOA, i-oda lokuvota lingachazwa ekusethweni (ubambiswano linelungelo lokukhetha hhayi "ukuvota kwamamitha skwele", kodwa nganoma iyiphi enye, ngokwesibonelo, ngenombolo yokuhlala egumbini lokuhlala). Uma kungekho ndlela yokuvota ku-charter, ayicaciswanga, kufanele yenziwe ngokuya ngekhodi yezindlu.
Isivumelwano sokuphatha kufanele sibonise izintshisekelo zabo bonke abanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala ekwakhiweni efulethini ngokulinganayo, futhi bahlinzeke ngezindlela ezifanayo zokuxhaswa ngezimali.
Uma omunye wabanikazi uyisimo
Njengoba sekushiwo, ingxenye embi kakhulu yezakhiwo zokuhlala okwamanje ingumnikazi wezakhamizi. Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo zokuhlala zikaMasipala zihlala zisele. Kuyadingeka, ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuqashwa komphakathi, ukususa ama-faker of it.p.Amabhizinisi kamasipala, izifundo kanye neRussia Federation iqhaza ekwenzeni izinqumo emhlanganweni ojwayelekile ngamalungelo alinganayo nabanye abanikazi. Awekho amalungelo aleli qembu labanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala abanikezwa umthetho.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi umnikazi waleso sakhiwo kuzoba yinhlangano yomphakathi yezakhamizi noma inyunyana yabasebenzi. Lapho-ke amalungelo nezibopho zomnikazi ohlanganyelwe kuzohambisana namalungelo nezibopho zomnikazi ngamunye. Umehluko kuphela ozoba lokho ukwethula izintshisekelo zawo enhlanganweni yomphakathi kuzofanele ukhethwe elinye lamalungu alo futhi abhale amandla alo.
Uma isikhathi sokukhethwa kwenhlangano yabaphathi siphuthelwa
Kungenzeka ukuthi akubona bonke abanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala bazonqunywa ngokukhethwa kwenketho yokuphatha esikhathini esabelwe. Kunombuzo wamacala: Kuzokwenzekani ngokungachazwanga? Vele, ngemuva kwe-1 Junk 2007. Abanikazi ngeke balahlekelwe yilungelo lokukhetha. Ilungelo lokuphatha impahla yakhe, limemezelwe kuMthethosisekelo, lalifakwe yi-Civil Code yeminyaka eyishumi edlule. Uma abanikazi ngesikhathi esabelwe behluleka ukukhetha indlela yokuphatha, uMbuso uzobamba umncintiswano wokukhethwa kwenhlangano, okuzofeza izinsiza zomphakathi zesakhiwo sefulethi. Ngemuva konyaka, le nkampani izophakanyiswa nguMasipala, futhi abaqashi bazokwazisa ukuthi umsebenzi wabo uhlela yini inhlangano ebekiwe. Isikimu esinjalo sizokwenza sikwazi ukwakha ubudlelwano phakathi komnikazi kanye nabaphathi ngesivumelwano esihlinzeka ngamalungelo kanye nezibopho eziphambili.
Uma abanikazi ngesikhathi esabelwe behluleka ukukhetha indlela yokuphatha, uMbuso uzobamba umncintiswano wokukhethwa kwenhlangano ezokwenzayo ezokwenza izinsizakalo zomphakathi zesakhiwo sefulethi.
Uma inkampani yabaphathi ixoxwa ngayo
Futhi ekugcineni, umbuzo wokugcina uphakama kumnikazi ngamunye wezindlu: Usebenza kangakanani uhlelo olusha lokuphatha? Iningi- ama-51% ama-moscovites angu-romring muscovites ahlolwe akholelwa ukuthi izinto ezintsha emkhakheni wokuphatha isisekelo sendawo ngeke zishintshe isimo samanje; 17% ukholelwa ukuthi izinguquko zizothuthukisa umsebenzi wezinto zomphakathi; 11% Cabanga ukuthi ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo zokusetshenziswa izowohloka, futhi ama-21% abaphendulile azithola ephethe impendulo.
Ngokusho kweningi, i-Directorate Customer Customer Consure iyisikhuthazo esikhulu ohlelweni lokusetshenziswa. Kepha asikwazi ukwazisa ngemisebenzi yezinhlangano zokuphatha ukuhweba. I-Big Plus Deza ilele ekuziphatheni: I-Directorate yeKhasimende elihlanganisiwe linentshisekelo yokuphatha isisekelo sokuhlala futhi linamakhono athile kule ndawo (ngokuzayo, yonke desars kufanele iguqulwe ibe yizinkampani ezihlanganyelwe, ezizokhulisa Inzalo ye-Directorate ekuhlinzekweni kwezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme). Kungakho izikhulu eziningi, kubandakanya nabamele uMnyango Wezezindlu kanye Nezinsizakalo Zomphakathi kanye nokwenza ngcono iMoscow, bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sifiso akuyona inhlangano yokuphatha kabi kakhulu.
Ukufingqa, ake sithi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabahlali bendlu futhi umphathi wephrojekthi kumele abhalwe phansi. Isivumelwano sokuphatha, ngesisekelo lapho amalungelo nezibopho zazo zombili izakhamizi zendlu kanye nemenenja zizokwenziwa, kufanele zibe ngokucophelela ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukutholakala komthelela kwimenenja kanye nendlela yokulawula imisebenzi yenkampani yabaphathi nakho kuncike kukho. Ngakho-ke umbuzo wobungani phakathi komphathi kanye nomhlali wesakhiwo sefulethi bahlala sivulekile. Isipiliyoni semisebenzi ye-HOA sifakazele ukuthi kungenzeka ukusungula ukusebenzisana, kepha lokhu kudinga nesikhathi nokutholakala komeluleki wezomthetho. Khumbula okuthembekile ukuthi indlela ekhethiwe yokuphatha indlu ingashintshwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesisekelo sabanikazi. Kuzobufakazi, isinqumo sizokhanselwa ngabanikazi, futhi ukusesha kwendlela efanelekile yokuphatha iyaqhubeka.