Simisa ukukhanya egumbini lokugezela: ukuphepha, izinkambiso zokukhanyisa, ama-LED namadivayisi wokukhanyisa ethulwe emakethe.
Photo Zinur Ranidovnova
Isithombe se-evgenia lichina
Ochwepheshe beluleka ukuncoma izinga lokukhanya kwendlu yokugezela ngezakhiwo eziseduze, akufanele kube mnyama kakhulu noma ukukhanya kakhulu
Imingcele ekhazimulayo kusuka ku-steler
Ukukhanya eduze kwesibuko kufanele kube okuthambile, kusakazeke, kusondele ngangokunokwenzeka kwemvelo
Photo Mikhail Spanova
Igumbi lokugezela elingenhla ophahleni nezindonga lifakwe imithombo eminingana elula, ukufeza ukukhanyiselwa okufanayo
Abanye abakhiqizi banikela ngamashalofu abuyela emuva, lapho umthombo wokukhanya ufihliwe ngemuva kwengilazi.
Ukufaka ophahleni osusiwe kungcono ukukhetha izibani ezikhethekile nezibonisi
Isithombe sikaKaren Mankosi
Isibuko esibanzi singaqokonyiswa ngaphezulu, sibeka isibani ekuphakameni kwe-2m kusuka ezingeni eliphansi. Kanye nemithombo evamile ye-halogen, i-luminescent, i-radiation spectrum yayo isondele kwemvelo
Izithombe nguPeter Lebedev
Ukuba khona kwewindows Isikripthi esikhanyayo sishintsha okuncane, njengoba kuvame ukumbozwa ngengilazi ye-matte noma izimpumputhe. Kodwa-ke, iwindi linikeza umuzwa wesikhala, kulula egumbini elinjalo.
Photo Mikhail Spanova
Izibani ze-capsule ezine-angle eguquguqukayo yokujikeleza - isixazululo esihle kakhulu sophahla olumisiwe
Singaxazulula imisebenzi yokwakha ngosizo lwemingcele ekhazimulayo. Ama-LED akhiwe ngqo ezintweni ezibonakalayo, lapho ufaka, axhunyiwe kwi-adaptha ye-voltage yenethiwekhi
Photo George Shablovsky
Izibani ze-tubular ezinokuvunguza isikhathi eside zilungele ukukhanyisa isibuko egumbini lokugezela. Kukhishwe yi-tonity efudumele efudumele kusondele ku-White ukwedlula amalambu we-incandescent, ngenxa yalokho okwedlula imibala ezungezile
Photo Zinur Ranidovnova
Ama-mochamp anokuphazamiseka okuphambeneyo ezimbili izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zemisebe ye-thermal ziyabuya, okubaluleke kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezimisiwe
Photo Vitaly Nefedova
Izibani zendlu yokugezela zivame ukuthenga ngasikhathi sinye ngezesekeli, kulokhu ungathenga iqoqo elenziwe kukhiye owodwa.
Ujantshi wesistimu yokuphatha ungatholakala odongeni
Izibani ezishumekiwe ze-halogen ezine-angle eguqukayo yokujikeleza
Photo Vitaly Nefedova
Izindlu zokugezela zilungele nezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ngebhasi eliyisiqondisi elenza ukuthi likwazi ukufaka isibani noma kuphi.
Ama-luminaires anamathele kumqhubi nosizo lwe-adaptha ehlukile yohlelo ngalunye
Uhlelo lwamathayi amabili luqukethe amashubhu wensimbi amancane anobubanzi obungu-4-10mm, abasekude kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-20cm kusuka komunye nomunye
Okuzokhanya egumbini lokugezela, ukuxazulula, ngokwemvelo, umnikazi wawo. Kepha ekukhetheni ukukwazi, ngeke kulimaze ukujwayelana nezidingo zokuphepha, izindinganiso zokukhanyisa, i-aza limpine futhi, ekugcineni, ngemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa, eyethulwa emakethe namuhla.
Ukukhanya ngaphandle kwengozi
Imithetho ekhona yedivaysi yokufakwa kukagesi eyamukelwe ngo-1999 ifaka izindlu zokugezela ezindaweni zengozi ezandayo. I-Splashes nama-puddles, kanye ne-condensate kungenzeka lapha. Ngakho-ke, sizoqhubeka ngezidingo zezokuphepha ezihlinzekelwe lezo zakhiwo. Ngengozi, endaweni eseduze yamanzi (eduze ne-0,6m), awukwazi ukuba nezinto ze-wiring, faka izisekelo, ukushintshwa, izibani eziphakeme, amalambu aphezulu. Imithombo yophahla kanye nodonga olubekiwe ukuhlinzeka ngophahla futhi luphakamise amazinga wamanzi okungenani ama-2m, futhi konke ukuqiniswa kwensimbi, enzelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwe-voltage yenethiwekhi, kumele kuhlanganiswe kabusha. Futhi akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa izibani eziphathekayo kanye nokufakelwa okuvulekile okuvulekile. Ukulalela isibani esisebenzisa isibani eduze kokugeza kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa ukushintshwa ngentambo. Indlela enhle, kodwa ebiza kunalokho ukugwema ukuxhumana ngqo kwezandla ezimanzi nge-switch yokulawula kude, i-radio wave noma emisebeni ye-IR.Lapho ukhetha isibani, okokuqala, kufanelekile ukunaka ukumaka okubandakanya izinhlamvu ze-IP (inkomba yokuvikelwa) namadijithi amabili: okokuqala kukhonjiswa ngezinga lokuvikelwa othulini, owesibili - kusuka ku-umswakama ( Uma kuphela uhlobo lokuvikelwa olubalulekile kulo mkhiqizo, esizeni sendawo elahlekile Beka i-X). Amazinga ajwayelekile we-IEC529 ENEPS598 asungule ama-degree ayisishiyagalombili okuvikelwa ekufundeni umswakama: kusuka ku-0 (akukho ukuvikela) kuya ku-8 (ukuvikela ukungena kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa isikhathi eside).
Bangaki abantu abadinga ukukhanya?
Kubi, uma igumbi lakho lokugezela libukeka limnyama noma likhanyisiwe kulo kakhulu kanjalo, emnyango ngeke ucinge amehlo akho. Kungakho ochwepheshe beluleka ukuthi balinganise izinga lokukhanya kwendlu yangasese ngezakhiwo eziseduze. Yenza ukubalwa okulungile kuzosiza izinkomba zamandla aphakathi okumele zifakwe endaweni yokugezela engu-1M2. Ukuthola ukukhanyisa ku-100 LC efanelekile emsebenzini olula, kuyadingeka ukuthi amalambu ajwayelekile we-incandescent Le nkomba yayingu-20-30w / m2 / m2, amalambu emini - 4-6W / M2. Isibalo sokuqala sisho izakhiwo lapho izindawo ezikhanyayo zikhona, owesibili kwaba mnyama. Njengoba ubona, umehluko phakathi kwawo omkhulu ngokwanele. Kucace bha, ngoba i-coeffleefred ekhanyayo ye-White Wall Light ingu-0.7-0.85, futhi iluhlaza noma, ngokwesibonelo, iBlue, vele i-0.03-0.04.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinombolo, kulula ukunquma izinga elifanele lokukhanya, okungama-lcs angama-200. Vele, ingafakwa futhi i-Empirical, ngokuya ngomgomo "Uma kukhululekile, kusho ukuthi kahle." Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa okunjalo kuzodinga izivivinyo - kusukela okokuqala kuze kube yilapho kunzima khona iphuzu. Inketho efanelekile yendlu yokugezela encane isethwe eyodwa, kepha isibani esinamandla esifanele sifakwe idivaysi ekhethekile yokulawula ukukhanya. Ngendlela, amadivaysi amaningi asezingeni eliphakeme akhona emakethe yaseRussia anomsebenzi ofanayo.
Ezenhlalo noma ngaphandle?
Ngomusa wabaqambi, iningi lethu limnyama, yize lisendala noma, kunalokho, izindlu ezintsha kubo zisatholakala. Ukukhanya kwemvelo kunikeza umuzwa wesikhala, egumbini elinjalo kulula ukuphefumula. Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, noma ngesikhathi sasemini, iwindi kungenzeka ukuthi libhekane nale nkinga ngokugcwele, ngoba imvamisa ivalwa yizimpumputhe, ingilazi ye-matte noma iwindi lengilazi elinamanzi. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwesimo esikhanyayo kushintsha okuncane. Esikhundleni salokho, le yindaba yokududuza ngokwengqondo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abantu abaningi bazizwa bengakhululekile endaweni encane evaliwe. Ungabasiza, besongele omunye wodonga lwendlu yokugezela evela emabhulokini engilazi, lapho ukukhanya kwemvelo kuzongena khona nezinye izakhiwo. Noma usike ngewindi odongeni olusemngceleni wegumbi lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kungena khona. Noma ukulingisa iwindi, ukusetha isibani esikhangeyo edongeni i-niche, kufakwe ingilazi ye-matte.Kwangathi ukukhanya kungahle kube!
Njengoba sishilo, ukukhanya egumbini lokugezela kufanele kube okuningi, kepha ... hhayi futhi. Izinga kulokhu ukukhanya okuphelele. Igumbi elincane, inkinga ixazululwa ngokwanele ngokwanele kwensiza eyodwa. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokufaka isibani, khumbula ukuthi kungcono ukuba nayo kwi-eksisi enemibandela phakathi kwesibuko bese ubheka kuyo umuntu ngaphandle kokuphambuka ezinhlangothini noma emuva. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhanyisa kuzobe kungalingani, kubathuli ngokungadingekile. Kepha inguqulo yendabuko yokufakwa ilungele, phezulu ngaphezu kwesibuko, kude namashumi ambalwa amasentimitha amasentimitha ukusuka ophahleni.
Igumbi lokugezela elingenhla ophahleni noma odongeni lisetha imithombo eminingana elula, ukufeza ukukhanyiselwa okufanayo. Imvamisa, izibani ezincane ze-halogen zisetshenziselwa lokhu. Ngokufakwa kophahla, izibani ezine-angle eguqukayo yokujikeleza zilungele kahle, ngoba ukukhanya kuqondiswe nge-perpendicular kuya phansi, kungadala ukugqama. I-angle efanele yokujikeleza ngu-40. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi into esemqoka ekulweni ne-glare ukugwema ukukhanyiselwa okuphezulu ezingeni lamehlo.
Thulisa ukuboniswa kokukhanya okuvela ku-tile ecwebezelayo kuzosiza ukubonwa odongeni noma ophahleni ophahleni olunamalambu okusabalalisa ukukhanya, namalambu anokufafaza igolide kuzokwenza ubukhazikhazi obubandayo be-ceramics amhlophe kanye nensimbi efudumele. Endabeni yothando, ukukhanyisa akufanele kungqubuzana nemvelo. Ukuze uthole umhlobiso wokugezela ogqamile, izibani ze-matte ziphelele, ezingenakuphawula. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi ingilazi ye-matte inciphisa ukukhanyiselwa cishe ngama-30%.
Njengoba ukukhanyisa okujwayelekile kuyisisekelo, kungcono uma kufudumele, kuthambile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amalambu we-incandescent ajwayelekile namalambu we-halogen ane-matte diffuser akuthandayo. Okuhlukile okuphelele kuyinhlanganisela yokukhanya okubonisiwe okuqondiswe ngqo.
Degree lokuvikelwa kwamalambu
Ukuvikelwa kwe-IPX0 kulahlekile (ukumaka ukumaka kungenzeka kungabi nakunamathiselwe);I-IPX1- ukuvikela amaconsi amanzi awela ngokuqondile;
I-IPX2- ukuvikela amaconsi amanzi awela e-angle kuya ku-15;
Ukuvikelwa kwe-IPX3 emvuleni okuwela e-angle kufinyelela ku-60 kusuka mpo;
I-IPX4- Ukuvikelwa kumaconsi kanye nama-splashes awela kunoma iyiphi i-angle;
I-IPX5- Ukuvikelwa kuma-Jets amanzi eqondiswa ekungqubuzane;
Ukuvikelwa kwe-IPX6 ngokumelene nokuvezwa kokugeleza kwamanzi noma indiza eqinile;
I-IPX7- ukuvikela amanzi lapho egxila ekujuleni okuthile nangesikhathi;
I-IPX8 Ukuvikelwa kumanzi ngesikhathi sokucwilisa esingenamkhawulo sokujula okuthile.
Izinga lokuvikelwa elishiwo kwizici zobuchwepheshe zedivayisi noma yedivayisi kuwubufakazi bokuthi umkhiqizo uhambisana namazinga futhi umenzi uqinisekisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yayo.
Mangaki amalambu nalokhu noma lelo banga aloludingayo lincike kuskripthi sokukhanya. Kepha kungcono ukuqhamuka emithethweni yokufaka izibani ezindlini zokugezela zezakhiwo zokuhlala (vde0100, ingxenye 701), ngokusho kwayo indawo yokugezela ehlukaniswe ngezindawo ezine. I-Zone 0 ifanelana namadivayisi wokukhanyisa i-IPHch7 (Kufika ku-12V), i-Zone 1- IPX4 (kumakhabethe okugeza anokucindezela kwamanzi aphezulu - I-IPX5), i-Zone 3- IPX4
Ukukhanya kwami, isibuko ...
Ngokusho kwabaqambi, into esemqoka egumbini lokugezela akuwona ukugeza nhlobo, kepha isibuko ngokwesiko sibhekiswe ngaphezulu kwesinki. Kuyindlela ebalulekile "yokusebenza", edinga umbuso okhethekile wokukhanya ngisho egumbini elincane. Ngale njongo, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemithombo yokukhanya luzolunga. Kubalulekile kuphela ukuzikhetha kahle bese uhlela.
Ukukhanya eduze kwesibuko kufanele kukhanye, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuthambile, kusakazeke futhi kusondele ngangokunokwenzeka kwemvelo. Imidlalo enombala lapha kungcono hhayi ukuhlela ukungayesabisi akho. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo akugcini nje kuphela ngamehlo angaboni, kepha futhi kuhlanekezela isithombe: kuqondiswe kusuka phezulu kuya phansi, kuqokomisa wonke amaphutha ebusweni, futhi ezansi kukhuphuka amathunzi ajulile. Ukuze isithombe singasebenzi ngombala obulalayo, udinga umthombo wokukhanya okufudumele. Kulokhu, noma yiziphi izibani ezinomsakazo ofudumele wemisebe zizobe zilungile, kepha izibani ezinhle kakhulu zezibani ezinama-virror we-morror we-dome weflask.
Ungathola kanjani ama-luminaires esibukweni? Isixazululo sendabuko ukuwamisa ngokulinganayo ezinhlangothini, ezizohlinzeka ngokubushelelezi, ngaphandle kwezithunzi nokukhanya, ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya. Lokhu kungenzeka kube kahle isibuko esakhiwe. Nazi izibani ezincanyana ezincanyana ze-halogen, amakamela ajwayelekile noma imigqa yama-luminaires amancane owakhelwe ngaphakathi, okuyi-glue ekhethekile, ahlelwe ngqo ebusweni be-mirror. Isibuko esibanzi singaqokonyiswa ngaphezulu, ngokubeka umthombo wokukhanya endaweni ephakeme cishe ye-2m kusuka ezingeni eliphansi (uma isibuko sisekude ngaphezu kwe-2,5 m kusuka kubhavu). Iphelele uma isibani kubakaki, kuzovumela ukuqondisa ukukhanya kancane. Isibuko senani eliphakathi eliseduze ngesimo esikwele noma isiyingi livame ukufakwa ezungeze umkhawulo onama-luminaires owakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Abakhiqizi bemishini, ifenisha kanye nezesekeli zezindlu zokugezela zivame ukunikela kubathengi izinketho zabo zokukhanyisa zezibuko. Sinezinzuzo ezingathandeki ngokungangabazeki. Okokuqala, izixazululo ezinjalo zicatshangwe kahle kusuka endaweni yokubuka i-lamzayn, kanti okwesibili, izibani zenziwa ku-stylist eyodwa nezinye izinto. Isibonelo esisodwa is a sourror isibuko ekhiya nge-backlight, ehlanganisa umsebenzi wesibuko nethangi lamathoyilethi. Intengo ye-Locker ekhiqizwa e-Italy noma eJalimane isezingeni eliphakathi kusuka ku-600 kuya ku-1500. Amashalofu amaningi wentando yeningi ahlukahlukene nge-halogen backlit (50-70) - Nikeza izinkampani zaseRussia.
Lokhu ... kukhanya okumhlophe thokozelayo!
Izwe lakwethenjisiwe elibizwa ngokuthi i-bathtub, u-Ivan Kozyrev, ngabo lonke inyuvesi efulethini elisha ngasikhathi sinye batshela uMire Mayakovsky. Yebo, futhi abaningi bethu, okuyisikhathi eside bajwayela lesibusiso sempucuko, bangabakhe abanothando, njengendawo lapho ungaba khona umphefumulo nomzimba. Vuma, indawo enjalo ifanelwe ngokuphelele isici esikhanyayo, kepha hhayi kuphela okukhanyayo, kepha okuthambile, okuphumuzayo.Abanye abakhiqizi banikela ngamamodeli wokugeza ozimele, afihle imithombo yokukhanya ngemuva kwepulasitiki ye-matte noma i-metal screen. Kepha, mhlawumbe, kumnandi kakhulu uma ukukhanya okuthambile kugeleza ngaphezulu, ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ebuchosheni, kulungiswe ngokwanele odongeni. Phansi emlenzeni omude omncane kuzobukeka kumnandi kakhulu ngesikhundla esiguqukayo sesibani. Kepha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sixazululo esingalindelekile sendlu yokugezela, qiniseka ukuthi phansi kuzinzile ngokwanele. Ukugcizelela ukusondelana kwenqubo yokusondelana, ngokugxilisa wonke amakamelo okuhwalala.
Ngendlela, umbala kufanelekile kule ndawo. Ama-Plafflers akhanyayo noma ama-sofa afakwe odongeni anama-sofa anemibala ye-whirlpools "upende" wamanzi bese wakhe umdlalo omangalisayo ebusweni bawo. Kubukeka sengathi ukukhanya okunombala okungajwayelekile, okudalwe yidivayisi efakwe ngaphansi kwamanzi. Kepha abakhiqizi bahlome ngomsebenzi onjalo kuphela obiza kakhulu (ama-4-4,5 ayizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane) noma amamodeli akhethekile ama-hydromassage baths. Ukufakwa kwemishini kagesi kuphela ngenxa yesibani esingaphansi kwamanzi akusizi ngalutho nomenzi noma umthengi.
Ngesizathu esifanayo, amakhabethe amaningi okugeza ancishwa emuva okuzimele. I-Rudom, kepha ungathola amamodeli okugeza nge-baclit esekelwe ku-fiber noma ama-LEDs. Kepha kungukuhlobisa kunalokho kunokukhanyisa. Ngakho-ke inkinga ngokukhanya kule ndawo kuzodingeka ukuthi ixazululwe ngokwakho. Okokugeza, ithebhulethi yeLamp, ne-Halogen ende noma amalambu we-luminescent, abekwe odongeni ezinhlangothini zekhabethe, futhi ngisho nesibani esiphansi phansi kufanelekile ukugeza. Okwaphansi, amadivaysi asebenza ngokuphelele, aqokomisa amathrekhi engadi. Ngakho-ke, amakhithi wenkampani yeNtampani YaseGradeni, ehlanganisa imithombo emihlanu ye-halogen ku-5V, amakhebuli, izixhumi, kanye ne-transformer, izindleko zingama- $ 65 kuphela. ICoppie izibani zinamathiselwe ngezikulufo ezijwayelekile, lapho izimbobo zinikezwe ezindlebeni.
Indawo esondele kakhulu enendlu yangasese kanye ne-bidet yokukhanyisa okukhethekile, mhlawumbe, akudingi, ukube nje awusona isiteji sokukhipha "ekhoneni lokucabangayo" Presch Press. Esikhundleni sezindawo kuzosiza ukuzulazula emuva, kufakwe e-ware yokuhlanzeka. Njengomthetho, kusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-LED futhi kugcwaliswe kakhulu uku-oda. Ngokwesicelo seklayenti, isibani esingemuva sizovula ngokuzenzakalela, ngokwesibonelo, lapho amanzi echithwa empompini. Single ama-LEDs afanayo noma ama-Light Guides, ungabeka indlela ekhanyayo esitsheni sendlu yangasese, ukucwila, uchaze umngcele wendawo yokugeza, ikakhulukazi uma ifakwe ku-podium. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuvikela amathayili we-translucent esimbozweni esiphansi, ukubeka ama-LED ngaphansi kwawo. Ngokusho komgomo ofanayo, imingcele ye-wave ekhanyayo ekhanyayo evela eqoqweni lokugeleza kusuka ku-steler, okuvunyelwe ebusweni bezindonga, kuhlanganisa ne-tranformar ekhethekile ye-tranformar. I-backlight yenziwa ngezindleko ze-LEDS ezakhiwe ngqo ezintweni ezibonakalayo futhi ezixhunywe kwi-adaptha ye-voltage yenethiwekhi. Vele, sikhuluma ngento ehlanzekile yomhlobiso. Kepha ngibonga yena, kungenzeka ukuxazulula imisebenzi yokwabiwa. Endabeni yothando, akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi lokhu akunzima kakhulu, kepha nokho kube yithuluzi likagesi, kanti uchwepheshe kufanele ahlanganyele ekufakweni. Izinga lentengo lingama-90 ubudedlwana bemingcele elingama-40 cm.
Izibani Zothando - Umthombo Okhanyayo!
Ukunaka imikhawulo ebizelwe amazinga okuphepha, cishe noma imiphi imithombo yokukhanya efanelekile egumbini lokugezela: izibani ze-infondescent, i-luminescent, i-halogen.
Izibani ze-Incandescent ziyinto evame kakhulu futhi eshibhile. Yasungulwa eminyakeni engaba ngu-120 edlule, basadla amandla amaningi, ama-95% awo asetshenziswa ekwakhekeni kokushisa. Ukungasebenzi futhi izinsiza zazo zingamahora angama-1000 okusebenza okuqhubekayo. Kuliqiniso, ngoba izindlu zangasese akubalulekile, ngoba isibani sokukhanya sivutha lapha amahora ambalwa ngosuku. Ngale modi, kuzohlala unyaka nesigamu, ukukunikeza ukukhanya okufudumele, okunethezekile.
Kanye ne-standard, imakethe inikeza amalambu we-crypton amancane ngokukhuphuka okucishe kube ngu-10% ukuncipha. Noma amalambu anesigaxa sangaphakathi esithambile seflask, enikeza ukukhanya okuthambile, hhayi okuphuphuthekisayo. Esikhathini sokuqala, amasampula athandwa ngesiliva noma eGolden Mirror coating on the dome ukukhulisa. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezakhiwe ngendlela, ngesikhunta, i-tubular. Lesi sakamuva silungele ukukhanyiswa kwesibuko, ikakhulukazi njengoba sibukeka sihle kakhulu emhlabeni oRadiated.
Izibani zeLuminescent zinomphumela ophakeme wokukhanya ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi (40-50 LM / W). Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanyisa okuqhathaniswa nesibani se-incandescent, amandla adingekayo amane amahlandla amahlanu. Zihlala isikhathi eside (amahora ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10-15 zokusebenza okuqhubekayo) futhi zinikeze ukusakazwa okuzinzile kokukhanya kuze kube sekupheleni kwensiza kuyancipha nge-5% kuphela. Izibani ze-Fluorescent ziheha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: Ngaphandle kwalokho ziqonde, kukhona nxazonke, zibunjiwe, ngendlela ewuvunguza ... kodwa emincane, ekukhumbuza ama-bulbs ajwayelekile athandwa kakhulu.
Bekulokhu kukholelwa ukuthi ukukhanya okubandayo kukhishwe amalambu we-luminescent amunca futhi ahlanekezele imibala ezungezile. Kodwa-ke, namuhla isibonisi semisebe yabo siseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwemvelo. Kukhona emakethe nasezibani ngokukhanya okufudumele. Futhi abanye bakhiqiza kabusha imibala. Imikhiqizo yesizukulwane esisha ayisabhekwa njengomthombo wengozi eyengeziwe, izinga lokuqukethwe kwe-mercury lincishiswa kakhulu. Engabonakali futhi ihlanjalazwa ukuthi bayi-flicker ne-buzz. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kohlelo olunabaqali be-elekthronikhi (EPR), izibani zesimanje ziphenduka ngokushesha futhi zisebenze ngaphandle kokuthola amandla nomsindo. By the way, izibani zivele zithengiswa, ukuqina kwemisebe kungalungiswa: bese uphinde ubheke, uzobe ungena ngaphakathi, uzobe ubheke phansi, unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamanje.
Izibani zeHalogen ezivele emakethe yethu muva nje, kubonakala sengathi, sezivele zithole ukulawula okuncintisanayo neminye imithombo yokukhanya. Isizathu sokuqina kwabo, ukuqina (amahora angama-2-6 amahora) kanye nokukhipha okuphezulu okuphezulu okusebenzisa amandla aphansi (14-30 LM / W). Ngamandla ka-20W, bahlinzeka ngokukhanya okufanayo njenge-bulb ye-incandescent ku-60w (10LM). Ngisho nangaphezulu kwesimo esikhanyayo ku- "halogen" ngezibuko ze-mirror. Ngenxa yezimbambo ebusweni besibuko, i-angle yokuhlakazwa kogongolo olukhanyayo iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-60, okubaluleke kakhulu ekukhanyiseni okuzwakalayo.
Amalambu ane-cylindrical noma ikhandlela asetshenziswa emalambu adinga umthombo omncane. I-tubular, ngokuvunguza isikhathi eside, ilungele ukukhanyisa isibuko egumbini lokugezela. Kukhishwe yizona ukukhanya kwethoni efudumele kusondele ku-Whighter ukwedlula lokho kwamalambu we-incandescent, ngenxa yalokho okwedlula imibala ezungezile. Amamodeli we-Capsule, anomzimba we-compact glow kanye ne-angle eshintshashintshayo eguqukayo, yisisombululo esihle kakhulu sophahla olumisiwe. Amasampula we-anecheter angafakwa agxiliseni. Ama-MOCAMPS anokuphazamiseka okuphambene nambili kwezintathu zemisebe ye-thermal zibuyiselwa emuva, okubaluleke kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezimisiwe. Ubuchwepheshe bokushisa bukhishwe ngempumelelo nobuchwepheshe obukuhumushele ekukhanyiseni okubonakalayo, futhi nge-UV radiation ye-UV, ingilazi ye-quartz esika le ngxenye ye-spectrum. Izindlu zokugezela zinamalambu akhethekile avikelwe ama-halogen anomthamo we-20W.
Namuhla, wonke umhlaba uhumusha amadivaysi anamandla aphansi (aze afike ku-100w) ukuze avikele i-voltage, futhi kukhona amalambu aphansi afanele (12-24V) ama-halogen amalambu. I-Easie yezindlu zokugezela cishe zicishe ziphelele.
Amadivayisi wokukhanyisa kuma-LED aya ngokuya ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwemithombo emisha ekhanyayo. Badinga ama-voltage aphansi okuhlinzekwa, hhayi ukufudumala, ugesi kanye nobufakazi. Amandla okusebenza ngokuqhubekayo amahora angama-80-100 amahora kanye nokumelana nemithwalo yemishini ikuvumela ukuba ukhuphuke phansi noma odongeni ngaphandle kokwesaba. Kukhona amalambu avele anezikhala ze-LEDs of the spectrum ezihlanganisiwe nezozungezayo (uchungechunge lwe-HP sunpower). Ngenxa yamandla aphansi, asasetshenziswa lapho i-zoning space kanye nokwakha ama-accents emibala. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwama-LEDs asebenza kanzima ngokungabazeki kukhulisa ubukhulu bokusebenzisa kwabo.
Uhlelo olubukekayo futhi oluphephile ngokuphelele lusebenzisa imihlahlandlela ekhanyayo. Badinga kuphela umthombo wokukhanya, ongafakwa ngisho nangaphandle kwendlu yokugezela, futhi ukukhanya okunazo kuhlinzekwa kunoma yiliphi iphuzu lesikhala.
Imakethe yaseRussia iveza imikhiqizo yabakhiqizi baseNtshonalanga abahamba phambili: Osram, Paulmann, General Electric Lighting, Philips, Silvania Idr. Uhla lwabo, njengomthetho, luhlanganisa lonke uhla lwemikhiqizo, kusuka kuma-Incandescent yendabuko kumamodeli akhethekile akhethekile. Ngokuqondene nemithombo yokukhanya esetshenziswe empilweni yansuku zonke, isondelene kakhulu ne-nomenclature, futhi ngekhwalithi, nangokwentengo. Ochwepheshe baphinde baphawula ukuthi izimpahla zikhona ngokusemthethweni emakethe ziyancintisana ngekhwalithi, ingasaphathwa intengo, kepha ilahlekelwa ebangeni lemodeli. Cishe isimo esifanayo nemikhiqizo yaseRussia. Kumalambu ajwayelekile we-incandescent, awekho umehluko phakathi kwemikhiqizo yethu engenisiwe. I-Avot ene-luminecent ephathekayo kanye "nezibuko" ngenkathi izinkinga.
Ukuphela kwento okudingeka uyesabe yi-fakes egcwala imakethe yasekhaya ngokoqobo. Vele, kuma-salon anophawu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlangane. I-Avot ezimakethe nasezitolo ezincane kungenzeka. Ukutadisha ukumaka kwiphakheji, qaphela ukuthi ngokuya ngemithetho yezohwebo, ikheli lomenzi waseRussia kufanele licaciswe. Zizwe ukhululekile ukufuna isitifiketi somthengisi, yize ubuqiniso bawo ubungaqinisekisiwe futhi.
Amanani emakethe emakethe akhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi ngokwawo ukuncintisana nemikhiqizo yabakhiqizi baseRussia nabase-Asia, ngakolunye uhlangothi, naseRussia nasentshonalanga. Imikhiqizo yamuva, njengomthetho, kubiza izindleko ezingama-5-10 ezibiza kakhulu kunezifaniselo zasekhaya. Intengo yamalambu ancike emandleni: Imikhiqizo engama-45W ayizikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu eshibhile kune-100-watt. Izibani zethu ze-incandescent zingathengwa ama-ruble ama-4-6, izindleko zamasampula angenisiwe ekilasi elifanayo kuzoba ngu-1-1,5, kanye namamodeli wakamuva wesizukulwane - 4-6. Imithombo eshibhile yasekhaya ye-halogen imayelana nama-ruble ayi-10., Kwabangasekwelinye izwe kubiza amahlandla amane noma amahlanu. Zimbalwa kakhulu intengo yamalambu ajwayelekile we-fluorescent, kepha amancane asabiza kakhulu (7-10).
Izibani zabo ezicwebezelayo
I-Luminaires imvamisa ayikhethwanga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Bathengwe ngasikhathi sinye ngezesekeli zokugezela, bese kuthi inketho engcono kakhulu ukuthenga iqoqo elenziwe kukhiye owodwa, noma ukuhlehlisa ukuthengwa kuze kube yilapho isitayela sezakhiwo sichazwe ngokuphelele. Kuzofanele sikhethe ngenani elikhulu leziphakamiso - uhla lwamalambu lufaka amashumi ezinkulungwane zamamodeli. Izisombululo ezahlukahlukene neziklanyiwe - I-Baroque, i-Classic, yanamuhla, encane, i-Tech ephezulu ...
Ngaphambi kokuya e-salon, udinga ukucacisa okungenani ezinye izimpawu zomhlaba. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, enjongweni yalo, izibani zifakwa kwelinye lamaqembu ayisithupha: ngokukhanya okuvamile, kwasendaweni, okuhlangene, nokuhlobisa nokuvezwa. Ngendlela yokufaka, ahlukaniswe ngophahla, imisiwe, eshumekiwe, udonga, ngaphandle kanye nedeskithophu. Imikhiqizo ehlukaniswe nemithombo esetshenzisiwe ukufakwa okulula okulula ekubalweni kwamapharamitha athile wesibani, okubakhombisa ekuphaketheni nasemiyalweni.
Izibani zihlukaniswa kanye nezinto zokukhiqiza: umkhwenyana wamahhashi (triplex noma duplex), i-borosilicate, esobala, i-matte, umbala noma amaconsi amanzi; I-Metal-Stylization ngaphansi kwegolide, i-aluminium, i-chrome, i-aged bronze it.d. Ama-luminaires asebenzayo enziwe ngengilazi ye-matte efanelekile, ngokuhlanganiswa nensimbi. Bavumelana kangcono nemishini yokufaka amapayipi kanye nezesekeli ezinikezwa emakethe.
Ekuhlanjweni kokukhanya okukhanyayo, amaLuminaires okukhanya okuqondile ahlukaniswe (aqondiswe phansi), ukukhanya okuhlakazekile (okuqondisiwe kuyakhomba) kanye nokukhanya okuveziwe (okuqondiswe). Ngokukhanyisa okujwayelekile, igumbi lokugezela liyizimo ezifanele zezinhlobo ezimbili zokugcina. Banikeza ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kokukhanya kanye namathunzi athambile.
Amalambu, inkomba enjalo ibalulekile njengokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okuhlolwe yi-CCC (ijika lamandla okukhanya). Imikhiqizo ene-cosine CCC ilungele ukudala ukukhanya okujwayelekile ngezinguquko ezithambile ezilula, umehluko olinganiselayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kokukhanya emakamelweni ngokuphakama kophahla. Amamodeli ane-CCC ebanzi azohlinzeka cishe ngokukhanya kwekhwalithi okufanayo emakamelweni e-Couilings aphansi. Kepha, ukuziswa, kuyadingeka ukuthi unakekele ukuthi ukukhanya okuqondile kungangeni emehlweni.
Uma uthanda amaLuminaires akhiwe ophahleni, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi angenziwa ngaphansi kwamalambu we-incandescent nangaphansi kwe-halogen. Owokuqala wehlise ukuphakama kophahla ngo-8-12 cm, owesibili ngu-3.5-6 cm. Ezakhiweni ezimanzi, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-plaffene ngengilazi evikelayo, namalambu e-incandescent, ngesimbozo sembozo ye-condensate. Amadivayisi anemithombo ye-halogen azobiza okuningi, kepha azokhokha amakhulukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ngokukhetha izibani zohlobo olufunayo nokwakheka, ungakhohlwa ukubheka ukusebenza kwazo kanye nokwethenjwa kwemininingwane. Qinisekisa ukuthi isibani sivame ukuklwebelwa ku-cartridge, kanye nezindawo zangaphakathi zomkhiqizo ezidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo zitholakala kalula. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ukuthengwa kwenziwa esitolo esincane noma emakethe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, cishe ingxenye yama-luminaires angenisiwe akhona eRussia, ngakho-ke ukukhuluma, ngokungafanele. I-Punta imayelana nemikhiqizo evela eChina, eTaiwan, ePoland, eTurkey, i-UAE, imvamisa ayiyenelise umthengi ofunwayo noma ngekhwalithi noma ukwakheka. Njengomthetho, izimpahla zibhekisela esigabeni samanani aphansi kakhulu (30-100). Ama-salon omthetho wethulwa izibani zokuhola isiNtaliyane, iSpanishi, e-Austrian, isiJalimane, abakhiqizi baseBelgian, baseMelika, abaseFinland. Izinkampani zaseRussia Marbel, CJSC "Saturn", "Electroch", "Photo Support" U-Idr, zifakazele kahle.
Ukuqanjwa komklamo ngokungangabazeki kuholele e-Italy. Amamodeli akhe ama-lump-classical. Abakhiqizi base-Austrian, baseBelgian nabakwaJalimane basondele kakhulu. Amanani entengo yemikhiqizo yawo asukela ku-100 kuye kwangama-40 amawaka aphakeme ngamasampula akhethekile. Izindleko zamalambu ezindlini zokugezela azivamile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-Finnish Company Lervil inikezela ngochungechunge lwemikhiqizo ekhethekile nothuli kanye nokuvikelwa (ip22-IP44) kanye nama-ruble angu-16 kuya ku-5000, ama-ruble angama-281 kuya kwangama-580 kuya ku-3070 rub.
Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe besimanje bukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise noma yimuphi umklami we-Designer egumbini lokugezela. Isibonelo, yenza ukubhukuda kubekwe ngaphandle kwe-SMalt Floor noma usebenzise isibhakabhaka esinenkanyezi ngaphezulu kwekhanda. Kepha kungcono uma umhlobiso wokukhanya akayona kakhulu futhi i-motley futhi okungenani isebenza kancane. Mabasebenze njengesiqondisi solwandle olungenamkhawulo lwamathuba okuyisiqondiso kuwe nesiqubulo sokwakhiwa kwanamuhla:
Ibhodi lokuhlela Ngiyabonga Studio Line, Salon "Amalambu nge-Ordinet encane", ukumelwa kwezinkampani i-Osram kanye nogesi Jikelele ukuze ulusizo lapho kulungiswa izinto ezibonakalayo.