Izimvo ngomthetho kuma-cooperatives ezindlu. Izimiso zokwenza ukubambisana, uhlelo lweminikelo, amalungelo nezibopho zamalungu e-LNA.
I-Federal Law No. 215 yanamuhla ngoDisemba 30, 2004. "On izindlu omanzi oqongelelwayo" wangena esikhundleni se-1aprel2005g. Kwakha izakhamizi zezwe lethu elinye indlela yokuthola izindlu ngezindlu.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqale uthole ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwezakhamizi eziqoqiwe zezindlu (i-LNG) ezivela kubahlali abakanye nabo kanye nama cooperatives ezindlu kanye ne-HSSCS iyaguquguquka.
Amalungu ezinhlangano ezimbili zokugcina athola / zakhele isakhiwo esisodwa efulethini, etholakala endaweni ethile ekhelini elithile. Amaphupho avumelekile avela kuwo amalungu e-LNA ekuqaleni athi ekuqaleni ahlangabezana nakho, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zazo zonke (abanikazi bezindlu zesikhathi esizayo benza izifiso zabo esitatimendeni sokungena kubambisane) futhi noma kuphi eRussia. Kungakho laba bantu bengazibeka engcupheni yokuba omakhelwane endlini nasekungeneni.
Onke amalungu e-One Housing Cooperative noma i-JSC engena amafulethi awo ngasikhathi sinye. Ama-Fighters ngokwawo akhetha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yizindlela zokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini ye-Cooperative (kusuka kuhlongoziwe). Lezi zinhlelo zezezimali zihlinzeka ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene, imvamisa yeminikelo, usayizi wazo.d. Ekugcineni, kuma-cooperative aqongelelayo kukhona umqondo ngokuthi "okubaluleke kakhulu".
Ngokufaka imali ku-LNG, ungathenga hhayi kuphela ifulethi ngezitokwane, kepha futhi nesakhiwo esisodwa sokuhlala (i-cottage). Ngenkathi endabeni yokubambisana kwezindlu kanye ne-ECC, kumayelana namafulethi kuphela.
LNG, ngokungafani nezinye "zabafowethu" ezimbili, zitshala imali yazo ekutholweni / kokwakhiwa kwezindlu zamalungu e-Cooperative. Lapho i-Pack izoqongelela inani elinikezwe ngefomu layo lokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini ye-LNA (30 noma 50% yezindleko zezindlu), ukubambisana kuzokwengeza inani elifanayo (eliphakeme).
Isibalo sabaninimasheya bamasheya aseMelika bangakhula futhi ekugcineni bafinyelele kubantu abangama-5000, kanti isibalo samalungu esisebenza amalungu e-ECC kanye nezindlu silinganiselwe ngenani lezindlu ezisendlini ethile.
I-LNG inelungelo lokuzibandakanya ebhizinisini, kanti amanye ama-cooperatives awakwazi ukuthola imali. Ukukhishwa kuyimali etholwe ngokubambisana kwezindlu noma i-ECC ngenxa yokulethwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ezikhululiwe (i-Article 128 yeKhodi Yezindlu).
Amalungu Omasibambisane Wezindlu kanye ne-HSSC empeleni bahileleka ekwakheni kabusha nasekuqukethwe okulandelayo kwesakhiwo sabo efulethini (i-Article 1010 yeKhodi Yezindlu). I-LNG idalwe kuphela "ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zamalungu okubambisana ezakhiweni zokuhlala ngokuhlanganisa ... Iminikelo ye-Mutual" (i-Article 1 of Law Now. 215). Ngemuva kokukhokha isabelo ngokugcwele nokwakhiwa kwezindlu kuleyo ndawo, umuntu uyayeka ukuba yilungu le-Cooperative, iba ngumnikazi ogcwele wefulethi noma ekhaya futhi angajoyina noma yiziphi izinhlangano zabanikazi.
Emalini ye-rshp, udinga ukwenza imali ngokushesha: lonke inani leminyaka emibili kuya kwemibili, kuyilapho kwakhiwa isakhiwo efulethini esiningi. Inqubo ye-VLHNP ngokusobala ihamba kancane, futhi ijubane leminikelo yediphozi likhetha umnikazi wesikhathi esizayo wezindlu.
Cegage, ngenkathi ama-Cooperatives aqoqiwe yinhle kakhulu. Isibonelo, labo abakwazile ukuthola ukushiwo kwi-Intanethi (futhi i-LNA ngayinye kufanele ibe newebhusayithi yabo!), Kude nezihloko, e-Irkutsk, ePerm nakwamanye amadolobha. Imvamisa, lezi zinhlangano zibhaliswe ku-1aprel 2005, okungukuthi, imibhalo yazo eyakhiwe kanye nenqubo yokwenza imisebenzi kungenzeka ingahlangabezani ngokuphelele nezidingo zomthetho uNo. 215. Ama-Cooperatives atholakala anesikhathi sosuku oluhambisanayo luka-2006. (Lokho kungukuthi, cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha) ukuyiqala ukulingana (ngokusho kwe-Article 57 yomthetho omusha).
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izichibiyelo zomthetho we-LNA sezilungisiwe manje, ezihlelelwe ukubhekwa ezhemune neseshini yombuso we-Duma. Isiphetho sabo asikachazwa.
Imiqondo eyisisekelo esetshenziswa emthethweni (Isigaba 2)
Ukubambisana Kwezindlu Ukubambisana - Ukubambisana kwabathengi okwenziwe njengenhlangano yokuzithandela yezakhamizi ezisuselwa kubulungu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezakhiwo zokuhlala ngokuhlanganisa amalungu eminikelo emibili.
Imisebenzi yokubambisana ukuheha nokusebenzisa imali yezakhamizi ukuthola izakhiwo zokuhlala - ukuheha nokusebenzisa ngokubambisana kwezimali zezakhamizi zokubambisana noma ezinye izakhiwo ezikhangayo zokutholwa noma zokwakha ezakhiweni zendawo (kufaka phakathi ezakhiweni zasefulethini) ukuze zizidlulise ngemuva ukwenza iminikelo ehlangeneyo kuyo ngokuphelele empahleni yamalungu abambisanayo.
Izakhiwo Zokuhlala - Ifulethi noma indlu yokuhlala ehlangabezana nezidingo ezisungulwe ngumthetho wezindlu weRussia Federation (I-Article 15 yeKhodi Yezindlu).
Imali ekhokhwayo - Imali eyenziwe yilungu le-Cooperative in the Order futhi ngalezo zikhathi, ezihlinzekwa ngohlobo lokubamba iqhaza kwalo emisebenzini yokubambisana ukuze ihehe izakhiwo. Inani linqunywa ngokuya ngalomthetho we-Federal. Umnikelo ophelele we-Feud ufaka imali etholwe ngokubambisana kusuka ebhizinisini labo futhi isatshalaliswe phakathi kwamalungu ayo ngokulingana nomthunzi wawo.
Ilungu lokungena - Ukheshi ngasikhathi sinye esenziwe yisakhamuzi ukumboza izindleko zemfundo yokubambisana nokwamukelwa kwesakhamuzi kumalungu okubambisana.
Imali yobulungu - Cash, ezethulwe ngezikhathi ezithile yilungu le-Cooperative. Bathunyelwa ukumboza izindleko ezihambisana nokusebenzisana ngokubambisana kwemisebenzi ehlinzekelwe yi-charter yayo, ngaphandle kwemisebenzi ukuheha nokusebenzisa imali yezakhiwo ukuthi bathenge izakhiwo zokuhlala.
Inkokhelo eyengeziwe - Imali efaka isandla kwilungu le-Cooperative ukumboza ukulahleka kwababambiseko.
Impepisi - Ingxenye yomnikelo owabiwe yilungu le-Cooperative elethulwe ngosuku oluthile.
Uphawini - Ingxenye ye-parenacoptation yelungu ngalinye labasebenzisanayo esikhwameni esabiwe sale lng.
Dlula isisekelo ngokubambisana - Lesi yisamba sezifo zawo wonke amalungu ebambisane.
Inani langempela le-PAJ - Ingxenye yezindleko zezimpahla ezizonke zokubambisana, ezilingana nosayizi wesabelo. (Izimpahla Ezimsulwa yinani elitholwe ngenxa yokukhipha inani lezibopho enanini lezimpahla zenhlangano.)
Uhlobo lokubamba iqhaza Ilungu le-Cooperative emisebenzini yokubambisana ukuheha nokusetshenziswa kwemali yezakhamizi ukuthola izakhiwo zokuhlala - Le nqubo yokwenza amalungu eCooperatives (usayizi, imvamisa, njll.) Ku-US Pass isisekelo ekulinganiseni okusungulwe ngokuya ngezidingo zalo mthetho we-Federal, izinketho zokukhetha enye yazo ngamalungu e-Cooperative.
Ukudala ukubambisana
Kepha i-charter kufanele futhi ibhalwe (lapho ummeli emenywa khona ngokukhethekile ngale ndlela yomsebenzi), bese ubamba umhlangano ojwayelekile wamalungu e-LNA, lapho, idokhumenti izodinga ukuvuma. Lo mhlangano ungumzimba wokubambisana ophakeme kunawo wonke (i-Article 34): Kudinga ukubanjwa njalo ngonyaka, futhi ilungu ngalinye lenhlangano linezwi elilodwa kulo.
Ikhono lokuhlakazeka lomhlangano jikelele wamalungu e-LNA, ngaphandle kokuvunywa kwe-charter, kufaka phakathi izinguquko kanye nezengezo kulo; Ukuvunywa kwemibhalo yangaphakathi elawula imisebenzi ye-Cooperative; Ukwenza isinqumo ngokuhlelwa kabusha noma sokuvalelwa kokubambisana; Ukhetho kanye nokuqedwa kwamandla kwamandla amalungu eBhodi kanye neKhomishini Yezokucwaninga (Umcwaningi Mabhuku). Ukuhlaselwa, ukhetho noma ukuqokwa kweziningi eziphezulu zeCooperative (Director noma Directorate; Ukuphatha noma Ukuphatha Inhlangano); Ukuqedwa kwangaphambi kwamandla abo (uma i-charter yale lnf, isixazululo salezi zinkinga asibangelwa yikhono lebhodi lababambisene). Emhlanganweni jikelele, izindlela zokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yokubambisana zivunyiwe; Izindleko eziphezulu zezindlu zinqunywa, ezingathengwa noma zakhiwe ngohlanga ngokubambisana kwelungu elilodwa; Inqubo yokwakheka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimali zokubambisana iyaqoshwa, ngaphandle kwesikhwama sothando. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlangano usungula usayizi womkhawulo wokusetshenziswa kwemali kwezimali ukuqinisekisa imisebenzi ye-LNA, ukubikwa konyaka kanye nokunemba kokubikwa kwe-accounting, ukulinganisa okudlayo, izilinganiso ze Izindleko zokulungiswa kwabalingani kanye nemibiko ekubulaweni kwabo.
I-Cooperative idalwa ngaphandle kokunciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza futhi iqala umsebenzi wayo kusukela ngosuku lokungena olufanele kwirejista yezomthetho yezinhlaka zomthetho (Isigaba 3). I-LNA ingumnikazi wepropathi, ingathola futhi isebenzise amalungelo empahla namalungelo angewona impahla egameni layo, ukufeza izibopho, ukuba ngummangali kanye nommangalelwa enkantolo, ukuvula ama-akhawunti emabhange eRussia Federation. Kumele abe nophawu oluyindilinga enegama lenhlangano, futhi futhi angaba nezitembu, izikhala, isibonakaliso sakho nezinye izindlela zokwenza umuntu ngamunye.
Indlela Yokusebenza
I-LSNA Passion Fund Can Can? Okokuqala, ukutholwa nokwakhiwa kwezindlu zamalungu ebambisane (Isigaba 26). Hlasela ngokukhokha izindleko ezichazwe ku-ART. 24. Okwamanje kukhona ukuqaliswa kwemisebenzi ukuheha nokusebenzisa imali yezakhamizi ukuthola nokuqinisekisa izindlu; Ukwenza ngcono izimfanelo zabathengi (ukulungisa, ukuqeda) kwezakhiwo ezitholiwe noma ezakhiwe ezingeni elihambelana nezidingo ezichazwe kwisicelo sokwamukelwa kumalungu e-LNDA; okuqukethwe, ukulungiswa kwezindlu; Ukukhokhwa kwezinsizakalo zokusetshenziswa (ngaphambi kokudluliselwa kwezakhiwo ukusebenzisa ilungu le-Cooperative); Insizakalo kanye nokukhokha kwemali mboleko ekhulisiwe nemali mboleko kukhangwa; Ukukhokhwa Kwentela, Izimali kanye nezinye Izinkokhelo Eziphoqelekile IT.D.
Inqubo yokwenza umnikelo wokwabelana inqunywe ngokuya ngeLungu elikhethiwe lefomu lokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yohlelo lwe-LNK-Manalical, ngokuya ngalo ozonikela ngalo. Lezi zinhlobo zichaza izikhathi eziphansi neziphezulu zesicelo, kanye nosayizi omncane wengxenye yonikela nge-LNA ngemuva kwalokho ilungu le-LNA lenze ilungelo lokuthenga noma yokwakha yena ngokubambisana kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, Isikhathi sokwenza ingxenye esele yomnikelo wesabelo, usayizi kanye nokuvama kwezinkokhelo kumnikelo wesikolo. I-acre of togo, izimo zokuheha imali ebolekwe (i-Article 27), usayizi wazo ongeke weqe ama-70% womnikelo wokubambisana welungu elisebenzisanayo (i-Article 47). Le ndatshana iqukethe inani lokulinganiselwa ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esincane lapho kufanele wenze khona iminikelo emincane uze ukwazi ukufanelekela ukuthenga / ukwakhiwa kwakho ngokubambisana kwezindlu, kukhawulelwe iminyaka emibili (kusukela ngonyaka wesibili wabambisana). I-ASROCE yenza okusele komnikelo wesabelo kungahle kungabi ngaphezu kwesigamu esiphindwe ngaphezu kwekota yokuqala.
Nasi isibonelo esilula kakhulu futhi esibonakalayo. Uhlose ukuqongelela ingxenye yezindleko zefulethi elizayo (ekhaya) iminyaka emibili (akunakwenzeka ukubala umfushane; ngokusho kwe-Article 47, kungaba ngaphezulu). Ukhokha ingxenye yale mali, ngokwesibonelo, ngenyanga, ngemuva kwalokho uthola ilungelo lokuthola izindlu ukuze zisetshenziswe. Lapho-ke ungena efulethini (noma ukubambisana kuqala ukukukhela wena). I-ATO Moment manje iminyaka emithathu wenza imali esele. Kepha kulolu hlelo oluhle kunabathathu amabhodlela. Owokuqala izindleko zezindlu, okuyiminyaka emibili engakhuphuka, futhi uzodinga ukunxephezela umehluko ngeminikelo eyengeziwe yokwabelana ukuze uthole indawo ethengiswayo. Ngabe inani lizokwanda malini? Umbuzo uhlala uvulekile. Indawo yesibili emincane yisikhathi lapho ukubambisana kufanele kukunikeze ngezindlu ezidingekayo. Cishe umugqa kusuka kumalungu afanayo we-LNA, afuna ukusebenzisa inhloso efanayo. Izindlu ze-Otode zizonikezwa ngokuhleleka (i-Article 28). Okwesithathu- uma ufaka isicelo sefulethi elisha, kusukela lapho ukubambisana kuzoqala ukukukhela khona, kuze kube usuku lokukhokhiswa lungadlula iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokuthi ubeke ifulethi kule ndawo.
Ukusuka kuwe njengelungu le-counter adinga ukukhokhwa kweminikelo eyengeziwe (ngaphezu kobulungu naku-Mutual). Kepha le mali kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngokumboza ukulahleka kwe-LNA, uma, kwenqabe, zizovela (Isigaba 2).
Okufanele kulungiswe ku-Charter of the Cooperative (Article 11):
Igama lokubambisana nendawo yendawo yalo;
Into nezinhloso zomsebenzi walobambisana;
Inqubo yokwamukelwa kumalungu e-LNA kanye nokuqedwa kobulungu kuyo;
Inqubo yokuthola usayizi, ukwakheka kanye nenqubo yokwenza iminikelo mutual kanye neminye;
Isibopho samalungu okubambisana ngokwephula izibopho zokwenza ukuhlangana kanye neminye iminikelo;
Inqubo yokukhokha ilungu lomfutho wenani langempela lesabelo nokuqedwa kobulungu ku-counter;
amalungelo nezibopho zamalungu alonakalisa;
Amalungelo nezibopho zokusebenzisana kumalungu azo;
Isakhiwo kanye nekhono le-LNA Bodues, inqubo yokwakha kwazo nokwenza izinqumo ngezinkinga ezahlukahlukene;
Imithombo yokwakheka kanye nenqubo yokusetshenziswa kwendawo yokubambisana;
Imali eyenziwe yi-LNA;
Inqubo yokuhlanganiswa ngamalungu abambisanayo okutholwe ngokubambisana kokulahleka;
Inqubo yokuhlinzeka ngolwazi ngolwazi lokubambisana kumalungu alo kanye nokuzibophezela ngokwehluleka kwalo;
Inqubo yokubamba amasheke angaphandle angaphandle emisebenzi yezezimali yokubambisana;
imininingwane emagatsheni namahhovisi abamele ababambisene;
Inqubo yokuhlelwa kabusha kanye nokumiswa kwemali yokubambisana;
esinye isimo esihlinzekiwe ngalo mthetho wenhlangano.
I-Charter of the Cooperative ingaqukatha nezinye izinto ezingekho emthethweni weRussia Federation elawula ukudalwa kanye nemisebenzi yemizimba yokubambisana kanye nemizimba yayo, kubandakanya nemikhawulo yokubamba iqhaza kwezihlobo ezisondelene. I-Charter ivunyelwe ngumhlangano jikelele wamalungu abambisana. Izinguquko eziya ku-Charter zenziwa ngesinqumo soMkhandlu Kazwelonke.
Ubulungu ekubambisaneni
Ilungu elibambisanayo liphoqelekile ukuthi lihambisane ne-Charter kanye nokusebenzisa izinqumo ezamukelwe yimizimba yokubambisana, ngesikhathi esifanele sokwenza eminye imithwalo yemfanelo namanye amalungu e-Article (Article 8). Kubhekele izibopho zayo kwi-LNA, ngokwesibonelo, uma kubambezela idiphozithi neminye iminikelo (i-Article 6). Inani lenhlawulo yalokhu kwephulwa lihlelwe ku-charter of the coaturative, kepha alikwazi ukuba ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso sokucwilisa esingu-1/300 sebhange eliphakathi le-Russian Federation (manje selingu-13%) usuku ngalunye lokubambezeleka.
Ubulungu be-Cooperative bunqanyulwa uma kwenzeka kuphuma ngokuzithandela kusuka ku-LNG, okuhlukile kwelungu lokubambisana kusuka ekubambisaneni, ukudluliselwa kwengxenye nomunye umuntu, kudluliselwe ku I-PAI, yenza umnikelo wokwabelana ngenani eliphelele futhi udluliselwe ezindlini ngobunikazi belungu lokubambisane futhi, vele, ukuphela kokubambisana, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngenxa yokuqothuka kwayo (Isigaba 9). Ngemuva kokuyeka ukuba yilungu le-Cooperative, umuntu kanye namalungu omndeni wakhe kufanele bakhulule izindlu ezihlalwe amalungelo abo, izinyanga ezimbili (Article 32). Ukuxosha ngokunengqondo, ngokusho kwekhodi entsha yezindlu, kungenzeka kuphela ngesinqumo senkantolo (futhi ngaphandle kokuhlinzekwa kwezinye izindlu).
Ababakhipha ekubambisaneni ngokwehluleka ukwenza imisebenzi, futhi, enkantolo kuphela (!), Ngesisekelo sesinqumo soMkhandlu ojwayelekile noma i-Article 10). Kepha ngaphambi kokungena esinqumweni seNkantolo ukuze aphoqelele umuntu osekutholile kwi-LNA ukuze asebenzise izindlu, inelungelo lokuthatha ingxenye esele yomnikelo wakhe mutual futhi, ngakho-ke, ahlele ifulethi noma impahla.
I-LNG akufanele ibe yimibhoshongo yezezimali yeRussia entsha. Umbuso uzolawula ngokuphelele ukuhambisana namazinga asungulwe ngokuqondile ukuhlola ukusimama kwezimali kwama-cooperatives anjalo, kanye nokwenziwa komthetho kwi-LNA.
Izilawuli
Amalungu eKhomishini yeBhodi kanye ne-Audit, okuphambene nombono osunguliwe, amaholo ngemisebenzi yawo ajwayele ukutholwa (uma lokhu kungahlinzekwanga nge-charter ye-LNA noma ngesinqumo se-General Assembly). Kepha bangabuyisela izindleko izindleko, "zitholwe maqondana nokuqaliswa kwemisebenzi" kwimizimba yokubambisana. Futhi, abaqondisi kanye nabaphathi baqashiwe, baqashelwe ukusebenza kwi-LNA, njengakwenye inhlangano noma inkampani. Amalungu eBhodi aqokwa emhlanganweni jikelele wamalungu e-Cooperative, okuthi, siyakhumbula njalo ngonyaka. Wahlulelwa kanye ngosuku, lapho lo mhlangano wenzeka, amandla eBhodi aphelelwa yisikhathi.
Amalungu okuhlangana ajwayelekile - Isitho esiphakeme kakhulu sokubambisana (Isigaba 34) - sithatha zonke izinqumo eziphambili eziphathelene nomsebenzi obalulekile we-LNA. Isinqumo ngalolu daba esithunyelwe kuvoti senziwa amavoti amaningi (ilungu ngalinye liyizwi elilodwa). Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamavoti ziyadingeka ukuze kuvunyelwe i-charter ye-LNA, ukwenza izinguquko kanye nokwengezwa kuyo, ukuvunywa kwemibhalo yangaphakathi okulawula imisebenzi ye-couserative, ukuhlinzekwa kwenqubo yokwakheka kwesikhwama kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo , kanye nokwenza isinqumo sokuhlelwa kabusha noma ukukhishwa kwemali kwe-LNG nokuqokwa kweKhomishini Yezimali.
Uhlobo lomhlangano jikelele lungaba nesikhathi esigcwele kanye nokuxhumana (i-Article 36). I-AESLI Inani lamalungu okubambisana lidlula abantu abangama-500, umhlangano jikelele angenziwa ngendlela yeqoqo eligunyaziwe. Bakhethwe phakathi kwamalungu e-LNG, okungeyona ingxenye yeBhodi noma izindikimba eziphezulu zeCooperative (Article 41). Amalungu okubambisana (okungenani ama-10% aphelele) futhi, iBhodi, IKhomishini Yezokucwaninga kanye kanye nezikhundla eziphezulu ze-LNA zingaqala i-General Assembly evamile (Isigaba 35). Ngendlela, kufanele ihlanganiswe uma kwenzeka ukutholwa kokulahleka okudlula ama-25% wesikhwama sothando. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kuzofanela kubuyiselwe yiminikelo eyengeziwe yawo wonke amalungu e-Cooperative!
Indikimba Ebusayo "Enza imisebenzi yokubambisana ngezikhathi phakathi kwemihlangano ejwayelekile yamalungu abambisanayo" (Isigaba 42). Amalungu eBhodi kufanele okungenani abe amathathu, lapho uSihlalo. Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yenani lamalungu eBhodi (ngokwesibonelo, elinye lakuthathu) linelungelo lokuhlanganisa imisebenzi yawo nomsebenzi kwinkontileka yokuqashwa.
Umnikelo webhodi yokubambisana ngokuvamile ungowaka:
Ukwamukela kumalungu okubambisana kanye nokuqedwa kobulungu kuyo;
umgqugquzeli nokubamba imihlangano ejwayelekile yamalungu ebambisane;
Ukhetho noma ukuqokwa kwezitho eziphezulu zokubambisana, ukulawula imisebenzi yazo, ukunqanyulwa kwangaphambili kwamandla abo;
Ukuvunywa kwenqubo yokudlulisela izindlu ukusebenzisa ilungu le-LNA;
ukuvunywa komabhuku nomcwaningi mabhuku kanye nohlelo lokubambisana kanye nemigomo yesivumelwano nabo;
Ukuvunywa kokuqala kwezindlela zokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yombiko wokubambisana, wonyaka kanye nokubikwa kwezimali, ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku;
Ukwenza izinqumo ngokusungulwa kwamagatsha nokuvulwa kwamahhovisi abamele ale LNG;
ukuvunywa kwezivumelwano zemalimboleko eziphethayo kanye nemalimboleko;
Ezinye izingqinamba ezinikezwe ngumthetho.
Zonke izinqumo zithathwa emihlanganweni yeBhodi futhi zikhishwe ngendlela yamaphrothokholi, asayinwe nguSihlalo weBhodi noNobhala Wemihlangano. Assee, amalungu osebenzisana izinyanga eziyisithupha anelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo enkantolo Isinqumo esithathwe yiBhodi ngokwephula umthetho, charter noma eminye imibhalo yangaphakathi yokubambisana.
Ikomidi Labacwaningi mabhuku (Umcwaningi Auditor) LNG egameni lomhlangano jikelele wamalungu wokubambisana asebenzisa ukulawula imisebenzi yezezimali nezomnotho yenhlangano. Abacwaningi mabhuku abakwazi ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi yabo nomsebenzi ekubambisaneni kwenkontileka yokuqashwa (i-Article 43).
Umqondisi (Directorate) - Umzimba omkhulu we-Lnk- esebenzisa imisebenzi yamanje yokubambisana (i-Article 44). Uma kunezinhlamvu ezingaphezu kuka-500 enhlanganweni, umqondisi, umzimba we-collegial uyadingeka. I-Cooperative ingenqaba ukuqasha abadlali abakhona futhi badlulise la mandla kwelinye ibhizinisi elisemthethweni noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye. Bazosebenza njengenhlangano yokuphatha noma umphathi. Isikhathi sokusebenza kwezikhundla eziphezulu ze-EDS sibhaliswe ku-Charter of the Cooperative futhi ngeke sidlule iminyaka emihlanu. Kuyaqhubeka isikhathi uma kunesidingo, kuphela ngesisekelo sesinqumo somhlangano jikelele wamalungu oBambisana.
Umthetho wenza izidingo ezinhle kakhulu zezikhulu zokubambisana (Isigaba 45). Ilungu leKhomishini YeBhodi kanye ne-Audit, umqondisi noma ilungu lomzimba ophezulu we-collegial we-LNA angeke abe ngumuntu osevele enezikhala ezilandelayo kunoma yikuphi ukubambisana, uma ngesikhathi inkantolo inezinqumo ezikhona Ukupheliswa kwale nhlangano noma uhlelo lokusebenza ku-IT ukuqothuka kwezinqubo zokuqothuka sekudlule isikhathi esingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu. Akunakwenzeka ukuhola i-LNG kanye nabantu abanerekhodi lobugebengu lobugebengu emkhakheni wezomnotho.
Wonke umuntu omi ekhanda lenhlangano kufanele enze ngezifiso zokubambisana, ukuze afeze amalungelo awo futhi afeze imisebenzi "efanele" (Isigaba 46). Iziphathimandla u-Elna zinomthwalo wemfanelo (wokuphatha, futhi kwezinye izimo zobugebengu) zomonakalo odalwe ukubambisana ngesenzo sazo noma ukungasebenzi. Akukho zibangelo okufanele zizibonakalise zibonakale. Isibopho asiphathi kuphela lawo malungu ezimindeni ezihlanganisiwe zabalingani, abavotele isinqumo esibangele ukulimala.
Kwizici zefenisha
Ngingathanda ukunaka ngokukhethekile iqiniso lokuthi omunye wabashadikazi angaqhutshwa yilungu le-LNG, kepha irejista lobunikazi obuhlangene abashadikazi busatshalaliswa. Ngokwesicelo somunye wabo, lapho ubhalisa ilungelo lobunikazi bezindlu ezitholakele, isabelo singanqunywa, futhi umlingani ngamunye uzothola isitifiketi sokubhaliswa kombuso kwelungelo lokuthengiswa kwelungelo. Ilungu ngalinye lababambisene linelungelo lokuqonda kwalo ukulahla inkokhelo eyakhe, kubandakanya ukuyenza futhi idlulise kwelinye ilungu lokwenza umzekeliso noma lomuntu wesithathu ongakwazi ukwenqatshelwa ukumukelwa kwamalungu e-LNA. Ukulalela ukushona kwelungu lezezindlalifa zokubambisana ngaphansi koMthetho noma kuzothola ilungelo layo elinawo futhi linelungelo elivelele lokujoyina amalungu e-LNA.
Ukulawulwa kombuso kanye neziqinisekiso
Isikimu sokuthola izindlu nge-LNG sibukeka sikhange kakhulu. Kodwa akunakuba yini ukuthi ama-conatives anjalo azoba yimibhoshongo elandelayo yezezimali yeRussia entsha? Cha, akufanele. I-YB Law No. 215 Isahluko sonke sizinikele ekuqinisekiseni ukuqina kwezezimali kwe-LNA kanye nokulawulwa kwemisebenzi yabo.
Ukubambisana kokuqina kwezezimali kobambisane kwethulwa yizidingo eziqinile kakhulu (Art.47). Okokuqala, usayizi wengxenye yegalelo elihambisanayo, ngemuva kwalokho ilungu le-LNA livela ilungelo lokuthenga noma ukwakhiwa kwakhe ngezindlu zokusebenzisana, kungabi ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-30 umnikelo. (Kuyacaca ukuthi umuntu otshale imali engathi sína futhi owathola ifulethi elizosetshenziswa kuzovulwa ukuze anikeze umsebenzi ngokushesha futhi ahlele izindlu empahleni.) Okwesibili, i-LNG ingangeza umuntu onjalo ngokwengeziwe Imali efanayo njengoba ayezenza. (Ngakho-ke, esimweni sokuqongelelwa okungu-30% okuhlangene, okunye okungu-40% wezindleko zezindlu ngeke kwanele.) Ngokuntuleka kwemali yokuthenga noma yokwakha izindlu zelungu le-Cooperative, elenza ingxenye ye Yabelana, kunjalo, kungenzeka, baye babandakanyeka futhi babolekwe imali, kepha sebengaphansi kwamaphesenti asebhange aqinile. Ngakho-ke kunenzuzo ethe xaxa ukuqongelela ama-50% wezindleko zezindlu. Lapho-ke ukubambisana kuzokwengeza ingxenye yesibili, uma kuhlinzekelwe nge-charter yayo. Okwesithathu, isikhathi esincane sokwenza ilungu lengxenye ye-LNG yokunikela, ngemuva kwalokho anesifiso sokuthola ngokubambisana ukuze asebenzise izindlu, angahle angabi ngaphansi kweminyaka emibili. I-ASRECE yenza okusele komnikelo owabiwe akufanele kudlule isikhathi sokwenza ingxenye yokuqala yayo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. (Ngakho-ke, uma ushaya ingxenye yokuqala yomthengisi, uthi, iminyaka emithathu, kuzofanela ukhokhele owesibili iminyaka emithathu.) Okwesine, ukubambisana uqobo, ukusebenzisa ilungelo lamalungu alo ukuthola izindlu ezizowathola, azikwazi Thenga imali yokutholwa kwamalungelo ezindlu ezakha ngaphansi kokwakha futhi ngqo ekwakhiweni kwayo kungaphezulu kwama-20% wezindleko zempahla ye-LNA. Kumele avumele imali esemqoka ekuthengweni kwezindlu emakethe yesibili, ukuze abeke engcupheni okungenani, kungazelelwe indlu ngeke igcwaliswe?
Ukulinganiselwa okuchazwe kuMkhwenyana No. 215 kuhlobene nokubambisana kokuthengiselana (Article 48). Isibonelo, i-LNA ayinalungelo lokukhipha imali mboleko, ukunikeza izakhiwo zokuhlala, ukudlulisela izindlu ukuze isetshenziswe mahhala, ukwenza njengesiqinisekiso, ukufaka isandla enhlokodolobha ethile egunyaziwe yenhlangano ethile. Imiklomelo, etholwe noma eyakhiwe ngohlanga ngokubambisana, ingadluliselwa kwidiphozithi (imalimboleko), kepha kuphela ukuhlinzeka ngezidingo zesibopho sokubuyisa imalimboleko (imalimboleko) ekuthengeni noma ekuthengisweni kwayo.
Kusungulwe imithethonqubo ekhethekile yokuhlola ukuqina kwezezimali kwemisebenzi ye-LNA, izindlela ezichazayo kanye nobukhulu kusungulwa nguhulumeni waseRussia Federation (Article 49). Lezi yizindinganiso zokuphepha kwamanje kwezibopho zokubambisana, ukuphepha okuphelele kokuzibophezela kwe-LNA, ibhalansi yamanje yemisebenzi yokubambisana, ibhalansi yesikhathi esiphakathi kwemisebenzi ye-LNA, isikweletu esiphezulu samalungu e I-Cooperative, umthwalo wesikweletu we-LNA, isikweletu samalungu esibambiswano, kanye nomunye, osungulwe yimithetho kanye nezenzo zokulawula zikahulumeni wase-ARF. I-Federal Executive Body izolandelwa ngokuhambisana, okwenza imisebenzi yokulawula kanye nokubheka emkhakheni wezimakethe zezimali, kanye nemizimba yayo. Lokhu kusho insizakalo yezimakethe zezimali (FSFR). Indlela yokulawula iyasebenza: Uma ukubambisana kungahambisani okungenani nenye yezindinganiso eziyisikhombisa ezibekiwe, akanalungelo lokufeza imisebenzi ukuheha amalungu amasha.
Siyethemba ukuthi amaminithi amaningi azovela eRussia kungekudala. Ezinye izindlela ezizohlangana nezinhlangano eziziphetheyo - Izinhlangano Zokuzithandela ziyefana ngokufanayo emhlolweni wama-coopence. Lezi zinhlangano zizothuthukisa futhi zisungula imithetho namazinga aqinisekisa ukuthobela izintshisekelo zamalungu e-LNA kanye nokuqaliswa kwemisebenzi esebenzayo ukuheha izindlu, ukubheka ukuhambisana nezidingo zalo. Konke - kunjalo ngekusasa eliseduze kakhulu.
Abahleli babonga ummeli uLywov Danilov ngosizo lokulungiselela lokho okuqukethwe.