Ungayihlela kanjani i-podium efulethini lasemadolobheni? Izinhlobo, izici zokuklama, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenzisiwe.
I-Architectural Bureau Svetlana Litvin
I-podium lapha isebenza njengenhloso yobuciko kuphela yokungena egumbini lokulala, elisezingeni elilodwa nalo. Umehluko wokuphakama ungo-15 cm kuphela, ngakho-ke umklamo wenziwa ngesisekelo se-lag eguqukayo. I-podium imbozwe nge-pergo laminate (Sweden)
Photo V.Noledova
I-podium egumbini lokugezela ayikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo wezobuchwepheshe ngendlela yamapayipi afihlwe ngaphakathi, kepha futhi kube lula kakhulu. Cabanga nje ukuthi ugcwalise kanjani ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwela kancane kuwo kusuka ku-podium, kunokwesikhumba ohlangothini, ulinganise emlenzeni owodwa. Ukuphela kokungathandeki kwesinqumo esinjalo ukuthi kuzoba nzima ukufaka esikhundleni sokuchelela okugeza kungaba noma umxube uma kungasebenzi kahle
Photo P.VasiliEV
Ekufanekisweni kwabantu abaningi, i-podium ihambisana nombukiso wemfashini, futhi idizayini ngokwayo inkulu futhi inde. Ukuthi ukubukeka kwepodium efulethini? Futhi ngokuvamile, yini podium?
Uma i-podium yenziwa iphakeme (ngaphezu kwe-30cm), kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlinzeka ngobonwe, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba yinto engakhululeki futhi kungaphephile komqondo wokwakha i-podium ingxenye ephakanyisiwe phansi. Kusuka esinyathelweni esijwayelekile esihlukaniswe yindawo ye-boom engaphezulu. Uma igxathu lama-25-30 cm nokuphakama kwe-20-25 cm kuzolingana kuphela nezinyawo zomuntu omdala, bese kuthi-ke ku-podium evame ukuba yifenisha ephelele: amatafula, izihlalo ngisho nemibhede ngosayizi 200200cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhishi eliphelele noma igumbi lokudlela lingatholakala kwi-podium.
Uma ukwehla kweleveli kudlula 30cm, izinyathelo ezimbili noma ezintathu noma ama-tiers amaningana kufanele ahlelwe, okungamapulatifomu abanzi (ngaphezulu kwama-30 cm) akhiwe ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukile.
Onke ama-podiums ahlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezithile kudingekile ubuchwepheshe nokuhlobisa. Owokuqala asetshenziswa njengento yezokuxhumana ezobunjiniyela nezakhiwo zokwakha. Okwesibili kwenziwa kuphela ngohlelo lomakhi noma isifiso somnikazi wefulethi futhi ukhonze ukunikeza indawo entsha ebonakalayo engaphakathi.
Ngobuchwepheshe, ama-podimium adingekayo ahlelwe ngendlela yokwakhiwa kabusha kwamafulethi, uma ukuxhumana kungafihliwe odongeni, nokuphakama kophahla kanye nekhono le-orriires ye-overlap akuvumeli ukukhulisa zonke izinga. Isidingo sokufihla amapayipi senzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, lapho kudluliswa noma ukufaka imishini eyengeziwe egumbini lokugezela noma ekhishini. Ngempela, ngokwemithetho yama-hydraulics, inhlangano yokukhucuza indle iyadingeka ukulala amapayipi ngethambeka okungenani amadigri amabili. Kulesi simo kuphela ama-drains azobe aqoqa esiteshini sokuhambisa indle. Ngakho-ke, ikhabethe lokugeza, ukugeza kwe-hydromassage noma indlu yangasese kufanele ibekwe ekuphakameni, uma kusekude kusuka ekuphakameni kwendle. Ngendlela efanayo, kuvame ukuza lapho uhlela cuisine esiqhingini, okuyincazelo esuka ezindongeni, noma lapho udlulisela ukugeza, ukugeza noma ukugeza izitsha kuya ekhoneni elikude.
Ukuphakama kwe-podium yezobuchwepheshe kuncike kububanzi kanye nomthambeka wamapayipi, kanye nebanga ngaphambi kokungena kwi-SEANER: Ukuhamba phambili kwemishini, kukhuphuka i-podium. Kuma-akhawunti ngalinye lemitha yethrafikhi yokwanda kwe-3-5 cm. Ngakho-ke, lapho ususa i-3m endabeni yokusebenzisa ipayipi lendle elinobubanzi obungu-5 cm, umehluko uzodingeka ngaphezu kwe-15 cm. Amaphupho avumelekile kusuka kumapayipi wendle, amapayipi abhangqiwe ngaphandle komthambeka futhi anesigaba esikhulu esisezingeni eliphakeme, ngakho-ke alisekho ithonya elithile ekuphakameni komklamo. Kwesinye isikhathi, kuya ngesixazululo soMklami, i-podium yezobuchwepheshe ingaphakanyiswa ngo-10-15 cm.
Ngaphezu kokubeka amapayipi, ukuphikisana kwe-loggia kungaba yisizathu sedivayisi ye-podium yezobuchwepheshe. Abaninimakamelo amaningi bakhetha ukunamathisela indawo engenasidingo kakhulu ye-loggia ukuze uhlale ama-metrors. Ngokomthetho, le nqubo idinga isivumelwano eside futhi ebizayo, kepha ayiyeki muntu, futhi abanikazi bahambe bayosusa ukukhiqizwa okuhlosiwe kanye nokudluliswa kwama-radiators okushisa. Ngeke ngiphawule ngalokhu, sikhuluma ngendaba yomuntu siqu, kepha siyabona ukuthi ukufaka phansi phansi ku-loggia kuleli cala kuyadingeka. Isitezi esisha sivame ukuphakama kunesitezi segumbi eliseduze, okungukuthi, kwakhiwa i-podium. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthuthukiswa ngaphakathi kwekamelo, ukuphishekela izinhloso zokuqamba.
Ama-podiums wokuhlobisa, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, akhonze ukuze kuguqulwe kanye nokuguqulwa kwesikhala. Kuyaphumelela kakhulu ukusebenzisa ama-studio abo emafulethini, lapho kungekho khona imingcele ecacile phakathi kwekhishi negumbi lokudlela, igumbi lokudlela negumbi lokulala. Imvamisa igumbi lokudlela lasekhishini elinjengokuphakamisa ngaphezulu kwegumbi lokuhlala. Kukhona amaqhinga akho. Ukwenza isibonelo, itafula emngceleni walezi zindawo ohlangothini lwegumbi lokudlela luzobonwa njengesidliwayo, kusukela ohlangothini lwegumbi lokuphumula njengekhawuntari yebhande, ikakhulukazi uma ubeka izihlalo eziphakeme eduze kwayo.
I-podium ikuvumela ukuthi ubeke ama-accents ngaphakathi nangaphansi kokukhulisa usayizi wekamelo. Amacala amanzi kuwo anendawo yokuzijabulisa encane enezihlalo ze-ormunarirs netafula. (Imvamisa ukuphakamisa phansi kuhambelana nokwehla ophahleni, okwenza le ekhoneni lefulethi, ngokukhanyisa okufanele nokukhethwa kwefenisha - kwezinye izimo, ingadi yasebusika ihlukaniswe noma ifakiwe yaseshashalazini yasekhaya Izinsiza, vele, zinakekela umngcele ophansi wesikrini kanye nezikhulumi zangaphambili zangaphambili. Bekukhona ezingeni lamehlo nezindlebe zendoda ehleli.
Ukuhlobisa okuhlobisa kwepodium kungahambelana ne-Floor Coating kuphela uma ukwakheka kunefomu elijabulisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo engenhla ingahluka kusuka kumbono ophansi wefenisha. Isibonelo, kukhona ifenisha evela ngokhuni olumnyama, nangaphezulu, kusuka ekukhanyeni.
Ama-podiums "amathathu kwelilodwa" . Ukwakhiwa ukuphakama kuze kube ngu-60cm, njengomthetho, zenzelwe efulethini ngenhloso engokoqobo. Kunezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokugcina: lary ngokulayisha mpo, kunwetshwe kusukela ekugcineni kwamabhokisi kanye namawadi wonke avundlile lapho kuhlanzwa khona izinto zobusika kanye nalokho okuphambene nalokho. Kwesinye isikhathi i-podium ephezulu iphenduka endaweni efana noma into yefenisha noma umbhede wabanikazi noma izivakashi. Kunamaphrojekthi lapho ukunyuka okunjalo ntambama kusebenza njengedeskithophu, nasebusuku indawo yokulala. Okokucabanga akunazithiyo, ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukuba nezindawo eziningi ezisebenzayo ngokuntuleka kwendawo efulethini elincane. Idizayini engatheni yokwakhiwa ngegridi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nomatilasi ongena esikhundleni sombhede obizayo. Ukusuka e-podium, ungazenzela isofa futhi uhlele i-chil-Out, uthuthukise ukhaphethi othambile, ukuhlobisa imicamelo, nokubeka umdwebo werabha we-foam ukuze uthambile.
Zonke izinketho ezingenzeka zokusebenzisa i-podium akunakwenzeka ukuchaza, futhi izithombe zizolandisa ngazo kangcono kunamazwi. Siphawula kuphela ukuthi ama-podiums wokuhlobisa enza umqondo ukuklama kuphela ngokuphakama okwanele kophahla (okungenani ama-2.7 m).
Uhlaka lwe-podium design:
2- Isiketi;
I-3- Itheyiphu enomsindo enomsindo;
Ukubekwa kwe-chipboard;
I-5-axle 10050mm;
6 - Ukufakwa okuzwakalayo kokugembula kwengilazi;
Ifilimu elinganikezwanga manzi;
8- Ngamanzi Plywood 12mm;
9-glue;
10- ucezu i-parquet.
Ingxenyana yohlaka oluvela kubha ngu-400-500mm, phakathi kwamashidi e-plywood ashiye umthungo ngobubanzi obungu-5-10 mm
Ukwakhiwa kweMonolithic Podium:
2- Ukuhlanganisa amanzi;
3- Ukuvimbela amanzi okungu-3;
4- I-Ceramzitobeton; I-glue-tile;
6- Tramic tile;
Isibani se-7-Point
I-Backlit Frame Uhlaka Design Circuit:
1- Neon Isibani;
2-Parquet Board;
3- substrate;
4- izingqimba ezimbili ezigcotshwe ngamanzi plywood (12mm);
I-5-Pergamine;
6 - Ukufakwa okuzwakalayo obumba;
I-7-axis 15050mm;
Itheyiphu yokufaka uphawu;
9- Isiketi;
I-10- Plate of Swerlap
Ukusongoza icebo
Ngokusho komklamo we-podiums, ihlukaniswe yaba monithic nohlaka. Owokuqala wenziwa ngokobuchwepheshe obumanzi besebenzisa uthayi ngokhonkolo noma usimende-sand onobumba lokugcwalisa. Okwesibili yifreyimu yokhuni noma yensimbi, okuyizingqikithi ezi-1-2 ezibekwe yi-slab (plywood, ama-osb-stoves, i-gvl) noma i-fvl, ekhonza njengendawo enzima.
Imihlangano kaMonolithic Podium ifaka ukuqina nokuqina komklamo, ukumelana nomswakama, ukulingana okuhlobene nokukhiqiza kanye nethuba lokuhlaselwa ngamathayili noma ama-mosaic. Kungakho mhlawumbe mhlawumbe inketho ekhethwayo yamakamelo amamanzi. Okubi kwe-Monolithic Design Landela igama lawo uqobo. Okokuqala, akukho ukufinyelela kwezokuxhumana okuvaliwe, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza ama-hatches wokuhlola ukuqiniswa kwamanzi. Okwesibili, i-podium enjalo inesisindo esibalulekile, esisho umthwalo owedlulele ekuqothulweni. Kwehliswa ngokusebenzisa ukuxubeka okukhanyayo ngeflicker.
Ngokuphakama kwe-podium ngaphezulu kwama-5 cm ukusindisa imali emzimbeni wayo usebenzise ubumba. Ilala engxenyeni yangaphakathi yesakhiwo, ngemuva kwalokho isixazululo sosimende noma isimende-sandy sichithwa bese kwenziwa i-screen. Ngemuva kwalokho udaka luphela namatshe anezinto zokuhlobisa kubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene. Ukwakhiwa kwe-podium kusuka ekungeneni kwangana manzi noma i-screen yakudala kuqala, ngemuva kwalokho ukuxhumana kubhekwe futhi amafomu ahloliwe. Ukuze uqinise ukwakhiwa kwe-Design Restforce: Igridi yomgwaqo ihlanganiswe noma ukufakwa kokwakha kuhlotshaniswa. Qaphela ukuthi inguqulo ye-monolithic ye-podium iyalulekwa ekuphakameni kwe-10-15 cm. Izindleko zokwakhiwa zingama- $ 30 nge-1m2 ngayinye.
Ama-podiums wohlaka alula futhi asebenza kakhulu ngokubonga kuma-voids lapho zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokugcina zingahlelwa khona futhi zifihle nombhede wonke. Inkinga enkulu okufanele uhlangane nayo lapho uhlela ukwakheka okunjalo - ukuqinisekisa ukuqina. Ngecala elilula, i-podium yohlaka ihlelwe ama-lags. Zenziwe ngesigaba sesiphambano, ezihambelana nokuphakama kokuphakama (ngokwesibonelo, 10-15 cm), futhi zifanela ngqo esitezi esinqenqemeni noma uthayi owenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Enye inketho eguqukayo, esiyibhale ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni esinikezelwe kokusalungiswa kokusalungiswa kwama-lags aguqukayo. Khumbula ukuthi bakuvumela ukuthi ukhulise phansi ku-7-15 cm. Isinyathelo sokufaka singama-40cm, ibanga elinjalo lanele ukuqinisekisa ukuqina okudingekayo futhi kuvikele amafutha ukuba athambe. Ukuqalwa kokugcina kusetshenziswa amashidi aminyene we-Plywood (16-18mm), usimende-chip kanye nama-osb-amapuleti ngohlelo lwe-schip-groove emaphethelweni noma imikhiqizo ye-chip-fiber efana nayo. Ngokuqina, zibekwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili ze-rotary (ngokushintshwa kwezinto eziphezulu ezihlobene nezansi). Amashidi amakhulu kanye nama-slabs anqunywe abe yizicucu ezincane (kepha kungabi ngaphansi kwama-6060cm) futhi ashiye umthungo phakathi kwawo ukuze anxephezele ukukhubazeka okuqondile futhi asuse amazinga okushisa egumbini.
Okunye ukuqunjelwa kwe-podium esekwe kwinsimbi kususelwa lapho kufakwa khona ama-coast floor kanye nokuqedwa kwama-coating. Umklamo onjalo usetshenziselwa ukuphakama okujwayelekile okujwayelekile. Ukuze uthole amandla futhi ugcine ukuqina okudingekayo ngaphakathi kwevolumu, izibopho zendawo (i-diagonal kanye ne-transverse) zifakiwe.
Photo K. Rudshko
Indlela esebenzayo kunazo zonke yokuguqula i-podium ibe yingubo ukuhlela amakhabethe emikhawulweni yayo
Umqambi n.Smortonskaya
Photo Garshblovsky
Ukuze wenze lula ukufakwa kwamalambu nokuthumela, i-podium yahlelwa ema-lags. Ngaphezulu kwe-plywood egcwele uthayi "Old" bese ubeka ithayi elinamandla
Indawo ye-Bar inenzuzo zombili ngenxa yepodium ephezulu yesigaba ezimbili futhi ngenxa yophahla lomsila oncishisiwe ngamalambu amisiwe
Ukwakha amasistimu wokugcina noma izinto ezifihliwe zefenisha kuma-podiums aphezulu (ngaphezu kwama-30cm) ama-nicheiches. Emaphethelweni abo, izixhaso zifakwa lapho imishayo ibekwa khona, nangaphezulu kwesitezi esimnyama kanye nokuhlobisa ukuhlobisa. Kufakwe imihlahlandlela yensimbi, kanye nezinto ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayo (umbhede, ikhabethe) kuzobe kus slid noma ukukhishwa.
Ukufakwa komsindo . Ukuze kudlule izinyathelo lapho uhamba nge-podium yohlaka, itheyiphu edonsa umsindo ihlanganiswe ngaphansi kwama-lags futhi isekela, isibonelo, kusuka e-polyethylene enjoloba. Kwesinye isikhathi phakathi kwama-lags kukhona ukufakwa (amaminerali noma ingilazi yoboya), eshaya umsindo wezinyathelo. Uma i-podium engeke "igxathule umlenze womuntu", izinto ezinomqondo womsindo azikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Ama-indentnt ezindongeni . Lapho kwakha i-podium, ungenza ukuqondiswa odongeni ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa. Igebe elilukiwe labelwa ama-spotlights noma ukugqamiswa okukhazimulayo. Kusuka phezulu, izibani zivaliwe ngengilazi ebukhali eyinqaba. Noma, ngokwesibonelo, amatshe amatshe okuhlobisa noma isihlabathi esinemibala ehlukahlukene singambozwa kulesi sikhala.
I-induction "yezizathu zezobuchwepheshe" iyadingeka uma ama-cozooms e-podium ehla ngokhuni futhi enzima kakhulu. Kulokhu, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuthukuthela okushisayo okunobukhulu be-1 cm kubekwa phakathi kodonga nokuklama. Lapho kwenziwa i-monolithic podium, iribhoni elidonsayo elingama-3-4mm liminyene futhi ububanzi obulingana nokuphakama kwe-design kuhlale kufakwa phakathi kwalo nodonga. Kuyadingeka ukuthi lapho usimende kasimende uvuthwa futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwekamelo, akukho voltage ekubukeni kokuqukethwe, okungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwalo.
Pheza
Ukubuka okuphezulu kwama-podiums ambozwe ngekhaphethi, i-linoleum, ibhodi ye-parquet, ibhodi elikhulu, amathayili kanye nopende. Ukwakha i-accent eyengeziwe, ukwakheka kuvame ukuhlukaniswa ngezinto zokwakha ngaphandle kwesitezi esikhulu noma okumane nombala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphela kuvame ukwaba ikakhulukazi. Lokhu kuchazwa hhayi kuphela ngocwaningo lwe-desider, kepha futhi kudaba lokuphepha. Uma igxathu lizohlangana nezinto eziseduze, amathuba okuwa azonyuka kaninginingi. Ubuningi be-podium bungabekwa ngaphandle yithayela elisezingeni elikhulu, kanye ne-curvilinear end-incane noma incane noma okuphambene nalokho. Ungaphinde futhi uqinise ukuze uqinise ekugcineni ekugcineni noma okuyingxenye enkulu yokhuni noma yensimbi (kuya ngenhloso yegumbi).I-Tile Podium ivame ukufakwa emakamelweni amamanzi, njengasendlini yokugezela, ekhishini noma e-loggia. Idizayini ayiphoqeleli kwinqubo yemikhawulo ekhethekile: Izinto ze-Ceramic ungahlobisa zombili ivolumu yohlaka nezeMonolithic. Kulokhu, ungqimba olungenamanzi lubekwe ngaphansi kwethayela. Isibonelo esisodwa sokwakheka okuhle okungamanzi "Hermolastics". Ingamelana nengcindezi yezinto ezisindayo kakhulu (kuze kufike ku-5kg / cm2) futhi inamahloni esihlahleni nosimende. I-glue ka-tile isetshenziswa ekunikezelweni kwamanzi okungavunyelwe, kwafaka ngokushesha i-tile. Isixazululo esinjalo sokwakha sisiza kakhulu inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nomklamo uqobo, kepha kudinga ukuqina okuphezulu kwesisekelo. Imvamisa ukuzethemba okuphelele ngaphezulu kohlaka lwe-Draft Floor yenza uthayela oqinisiwe, lapho kufakwa khona amathayili. Esinye isimo nge-podium monolithic lapho eqeda ngebhodi noma i-parquet. Lapha ku-screen eqondaniswe ngokucophelela kunesidingo sokubuzwa nge-plywood.
Ukhanyisela
Ukuhlala kwanamuhla kucebile ngezimo ezikhanyayo. Lokhu kuvamile futhi ukukhanya kwasendaweni, zonke izinhlobo zokukhanyisa. Izibani eziningi ezahlukahlukene zifakwe ophahleni, izindonga kanye ne-semi. Ama-podiums awafani. Imithombo yokukhanya ivame ukugxiliswa emaphethelweni ezitebhisi. Kungaba bobabili amalambu kanye ne-luminecent ende noma i-neon, ingilazi evikelwe ngombala noma ye-matte, ekhipha ukukhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, onqenqemeni lwe-podium uqokonyiswe endaweni ngamalambu ophahla. Ukufakwa kwezibani emikhawulweni yepodium kunenzuzo yokuthi le mithombo ayikaze iwile. Enye inketho ukufakwa kwentambo ekhanyayo ngaphansi kwe-visor eqinisiwe, efakwe emaphethelweni wokuphakama. Lesi sinqumo sokuhlobisa asigcini ngokuhlobisa kuphela, kodwa futhi siwusizo ngoba sigwema ukulimala ebumnyameni.
Khumbula futhi ukuthi lapho kulungiswa ifulethi ngokudluliswa okuhleliwe kwendlu yangasese, igumbi lokugezela noma ekhishini, okufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kokufaka abakhi boodium bobuchwepheshe abangeke bakwazi. I-Avot yokwenza isinqumo sokwenza i-podium yokuhlobisa efulethini kuphela wena.
Ibhodi lokuhlela libonga ngosizo lokulungiswa kwezinto ze-arnt, vitus, i-vallas, i-leve-arses, remprevice Steam.