Indlu enezitezi ezimbili nendawo engama-313.4 M2: Indlu yanamuhla enezinto zakudala, ezizuzwa njengefa.
Kukholelwa ukuthi okudala nokusha kuhlala njalo ekuphikisaneni okungekho emthethweni. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, ekwakhiweni nasekwakheni, ungabheka ukuthambekela - ukuthola ukuthambekela, okuqinisekiswa ngokuzethemba lo mbono. Bavula ubuhle obukhethekile ekufakweni kwesimo sanamuhla sezinto zakudala.
Singasho ukuthi le ndaba yaqala ngonyaka owedlule. Umhlaba ogwini lwechibi owayeke waba ngumpetha walowo mnikazi wanamuhla wendlu ebesebenza njengehlathi. Iminyaka yobuhle yokuhleleka kwehlengo, umhlaba wawusizwe, futhi umndeni kwadingeka uphume endaweni ethintekile. Isibonelo, esikhathini sethu, isiza esinezakhiwo esikhona kuyo saphinde sabuyiselwa sabaninimthetho (indlu endala nesibaya bagcinwe abavela ezakhiweni).
Impilo yanamuhla ibeka izimfuneko zayo zenduduzo, ikude kakhulu nokuba khona komkhawulo weminyaka. I-Grackfall House yayincane kakhulu emndenini wabahlanu. Ngakho-ke, isizukulwane samanje sababukhosi sinqume ukwakha isakhiwo esisha, esinethezekile esizeni, kanti isakhiwo sakudala sokuhlala sisetshenziswa njengendlu yokusebenza. Kepha njengoba isayithi litholakala endaweni yepaki ehlathini lasemadolobheni, lapho kwenqatshelwe ukudala izakhiwo ezintsha, abanikazi bacabanga ukwakha kabusha ikhiphobe ekhona ye-log ye-barn, ngenkathi igcina ingxenye yomlando kanye nokufaka izakhiwo ezihlaselayo. I-Archititural Bureau ithuthukise uhlelo lokuvuselelwa, ngokusho kwayo isisekelo samatshe esidala se-barn kufanele iqiniswe ngamabhulokhi kakhonkolo, phakamisa i-log House ngo-80cm, ngenkathi igcina izindonga zelogi ezingokomlando, futhi ngalesosikhathi yenza ingxenye entsha. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi iphrojekthi izodinga isikhathi eside impela, abanikazi bendlu banquma ukwenza inketho yokuyekethisa. I-AimeniEnno: Phinda uphinde uqongelele i-barn, ugongule kabusha kanye nezindonga, kepha ugcine ukwakheka kwangaphambili, bese unamathisela amanye amakamelo.
Ngakho-ke, izindonga ezindala nesisekelo sesibalu zadilizwa. Isisekelo esisha (ukhonkolo oqinisiwe iribhoni) sabekwa ekujuleni kwe-1,2m, kucatshangelwa imvelo yenhlabathi. I-cellar ekhona yandiswa. Isisekelo kanye nesisekelo sasihlinzekwa ngamanzi angaphandle angenamanzi, kanye nokufakwa okushisayo (i-penoplex) kuya ku-1m ukujula.
Esikhundleni sezindonga ezindala ze-sir, ezinye zakhiwa, zivela kumalogi e-spruce. Ngasikhathi sinye, akubandakanyeki, kodwa ducklock, okuvumela ukulondolozela ukunemba komlando. Ama-acchets wezinkuni awalahlekelwa umbala wawo wegolide, waphathwa ngombala okhethekile osuselwa kwisakhiwo samafutha zemifino. Izitezi zokunye izinkuni zenziwa ngamakamelo okunye okunye, lapho izinhlobo ezimbili ezazisetshenziswa khona yi-infass-mineral wol paroc (100mm, eFinland) kanye neClamzite (50mm), ngaphezu kwalokho zenza umsebenzi wokufaka okhuni.
Izindonga ezithosiwe zazinamathiselwe okusha, kusuka kukhonkolo oqinisiwe kwe-monolithic ohlakeni lwensimbi, futhi kwakha okufanayo kokhonkolo kwe-monolithic. Ukukhethwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo kwaba ngenxa yesidingo sokwenza igumbi elibanzi elinezikhala ezibanzi kanye nokuvuleka kwewindi elikhulu. Izindonga zikakhonkolo zanikezwa ukufakwa okushisayo okushisayo (oboy bangaphandle, i-100mm) kanye ne-granite ehlukaniswe cishe. Ukucwaswa kwe-granite kwadliwa ngamahange, kanye nokufakelwa, ama-polade dowels. Ukuqothuka kokhonkolo okuqinisiwe nakho kufakwe noboya abangamaminerali (100mm).
Ngaphezulu kwengxenye ye-log yomlando yokwakha kwakhiwa isitezi sesibili esigcwele, okuwumklamo wohlaka olukhanyayo. Ukusuka ohlangothini lomgwaqo, amaphaneli odonga achotshozwa yi-tenax foam (latvia) enobukhulu obungu-50mm, embozwe ngodaka olwenziwe ngombhalo nopende (bobabili - kusuka ku-beckers, eSweden). Manje, phansi ngenhla kwekamelo elinamathele kusiki, esitholakele, eqinisweni, isimo se-attic sodonga lapha sincane.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile ekwakhiweni kwendlu kwaqoqwa kophahla, ngoba kungenye yezindawo ezisengozini kakhulu ngokuya ngokungena kwamakhaza. Ubukhulu besendlalelo esifudumele (paroc) lapha kwakungu-250mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwahlelwa ungqimba okhethekile womoya (40mm), angena umoya emaphethelweni nasenduku yophahla, evumela ukuthi uguqule izinga lomswakama. Uphahla lwenziwe kusuka kumathayili we-bituminous of icopal (Finland), obekuvikelwe kwi-chipboard ebushelelezi enokwahlanganiswa okukhethekile, futhi kudlala indima yokufaka ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Njengoba indlu iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ezingeyona ezangeyona eyenziwe ngokhuni kanye nokwakhiwa kokhonkolo okuqinisiwe, "ngesikhathi sokwakha, umehluko we-shrinkage wawo wacatshangelwa. Ukugwema izindonga ezinzima, umthungo wasala phakathi kwabo. Kuhlotshiswe ngaphandle ngaphansi kokuqedwa okuphelele futhi kugcwele ngoboya obunamaminerali. Eduze kwendlu engaphansi kombhede kunesiteji esine-board coating. Ukuze kunikezwe isikhathi eside, uhlelo lokungena kwamanzi, ukudonsa kanye nohlelo lokususa lwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, amabhodi okuhlanganisa ahlelwe emalangeni, okuthi, afakwe, amakholomu wesitini engxenyeni yeRubberoid. Ama-lags ngokwawo, njengamabhodi aphansi, aphathwa ngokwakheka kwe-antiseptic, ukuvikela izinkuni kusuka ekubondeni. Phakathi kwamapulangwe aphansi ngokhuni kukhona izikhala ezincane, lapho amanzi emvula kufanele aqhekeke khona, ku-drainey echotshozwayo ngokugawulwa, ngemuva kwalokho ukuthi athathe umhlalaphansi.
Izakhiwo zesiteji sokuqala nesesibili zifakwe ama-radiator afudumele amanzi, okuthi, ngokusho konjiniyela bephrojekthi, ezimweni ezibandayo, ezisebenziseka kalula kunamakamelo afudumele. Ukushisa kwenziwa nge-boiler kagesi enomthamo wama-25 kW. Igumbi le-boiler lisegumbini elingaphansi, i-shirter yangaphambili yesibaya.
Ingxenye yendlu ngokusebenzisa ithambo elikhazimulayo, elinamathele ngokukhethekile ukusikwa. Njengoba sekushiwo, ukwakheka kwezinyoni kwagcinwa engxenyeni yokhuni yesakhiwo, okungukuthi, lesi sikhala sihlukaniswe ngamakamelo amabili. Ebala kakhulu manje ikhishi nendawo yokudlela, futhi eqinisweni lokuthi incane, iphaseji, i-storeroom kanye negumbi lokugezela. Izindonga ze-VCRIDORE zeSonto, kwesokunxele ngaphandle kokuqeda okwengeziwe, dala umoya wendlu endala ye-oblique. Igcwalisa uthayela we-ceramic flooling wesithunzi se-ohlogen - inendawo engalingani, njengokungathi isikhathi esinqunyiwe.
Ikhishi nendawo yokudlela, kanye negumbi lokuhlala litholakala ngaphansi kwezinga le-Corridor, ukungena kubo, udinga ukwehla ngezinyathelo ezimbili. Ekhishini nasezindongeni zokudla ama-log embozwe nge-plapeta thromesi, kufakwe opendiwe futhi kudwetshwe ngethoni elikhanyayo, elikhulisa indawo ebonakalayo, elikhulisa umuzwa wokukhanya okukhulu. Ifenisha yasekhishini, iqediwe uku-oda, ibukeka ingajwayelekile kakhulu. Uma uqala ukubheka nje, kubukeka sengathi amakhabethe namatafula enziwe ngezitini, ngenkathi eqinisweni kungukuwohloka kuphela ngamathayela e-ceramic alingisa umsebenzi wobuciko. Iminyango yokhuni yamakhabethe ipendiwe ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe obukhethekile obudala umphumela wabakhokhi (imifantu emihle) ebusweni. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kweKhishini ekhoneni kuyaqhubeka nesihloko sendawo yokuhlala endala, kuletha umoya wenduduzo nomuzwa wokuqina okungathandeki. Phansi endaweni esebenza ekhishini kufakwe amathayili angokoqobo okusebenza kwe-ceramic, okufanayo nasengxenyeni esele (enkulu) yegumbi kungokhuni. Umngcele onesimo uhlukanisa indawo yokudlela esendaweni ekhishini yikhiya encane ekhiya ngasikhathi sinye esenza umsebenzi we-bar rack. Ngenxa yalokho, isikhala sibonwa sisonke.
Kusuka egumbini lokudlela ungangena egumbini lokuphumula elihlotshiswe ngempumelelo. Ngenxa yamafasitela amakhulu, angenayo cishe yonke indawo yezindonga zangaphandle, igumbi lathola ukukhanyisa okukhulu kwemvelo. Igumbi lokuhlala inzuzo ekwakhiweni kwakudala lifana nesokunxele ngaphandle kokuqeda udonga lwe-log cab, uphahla olunamapulangwe kanye nokhuni lwaphansi lwamapulangwe. Izindonga ezenziwe ngokhonkolo oqinisiwe kufakwe kugridi yokuqinisa bese kupenda. Isihloko se-antiinity siyaqhubeka nendawo yomlilo kulenga lwaphakathi. Phakathi kokunye, kuyinto ebalulekile yesakhiwo, uhlobo lwenduku, enikeza ukuqina kwendiza yodonga, ukusika emafasiteleni amakhulu. I-facade yendawo yomlilo yenziwa nge-drywall, embozwe ngodaka oluphupha ngamabomu, ukushumeka impumuzo, futhi yapenda. Amakhona e-facade kanye ne-niche yezinkuni zitholwa ngamatshe emvelo, acishe acutshungulwe, okubika kulo lonke isakhiwo isisekelo esikhulu. Indawo yokudlala phambi kwendawo yomlilo yezizathu zokuphepha ivaliwe ngepuleti lethusi.
Esitezi sesibili kukhona izindawo zomuntu siqu zamalungu omndeni: igumbi lokulala labazali, eliseduze negumbi lakhe lokugqoka kanye nehhovisi, kanye namakamelo amabili angomakhelwane wamawele amawele, igumbi lendodakazi endala nekamelo lokugezela. Izindonga zezakhiwo zesitezi sesibili zilinyazwe nge-platepeardix, zifakwe ngodaka futhi zipendiwe, uphahla lubekwa yi "clapboard" (Pine), izitezi zimbozwe nge-laminate.
Imiklamo
Isisekelo: I-Monolithic Ribbon, yaqiniswa ngokhonkolo, ukujuluka kwamanzi, ukujula, 1,2m; ukufakwa- "i-penoplex"; Ukushaya i-granite kakhonkolo
Izindonga: Izingodo zokuqala zokudubula ezishisayo, ukhonkolo oqinisiwe, ukufakwa kwe-insulation - i-mineral wol paroc (100mm), ukungcola - i-granite; Amaphaneli Wokuhluke Kwisiko Lesitezi, Ukugcwalisa - Foam (50mm), Trim: I-Outer-Foam Tenax, Ipulangwe Langaphakathi
Ukugcwala: ngokhuni, engxenyeni entsha yokhonkolo oqiniswe ngokwakha; Ukufakwa - Amaminerali Wat Paroc (100mm), Ceramzit (50mm)
Phansi: Ukushisa okuphansi kokuqala nokuvimbela amanzi (i-foam), ukhonkolo screed (40mm)
Uphahla: Scope, ukwakhiwa kokwakha; umusi, i-hydro, ukufakwa okushisayo, paroc (250mm); Bloofing bituminous tile ICOPAL
IWindows: ngokhuni, enamafasitela amabili acwebezelwe amabili
Indawo yomlilo: Masonry, Project's Project
Izinhlelo Zokusekelwa Kwempilo
Ukunikezwa kwamandla: Kusuka kunethiwekhi kamasipala
Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi: isikwele
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi: Isihlungi se-Mechanical Water Ukuhlanza
I-SEWRAGE: Ukwelashwa kwamanzi we-biological wand
Ukushisa: I-Electric Copper (umphakeli - i-Berill, iRussia), amafulethini okushisa amanzi (ezindlini zokugeza), ama-radiator afudumele amanzi
Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okushisayo: I-Boiler Velo DIA (ITALY)
Umhlobiso Wangaphakathi
Izindonga: Udaka, upende - Beckers
Uphahla: IBhodi lePine, i-Plasterboard
Phansi: Isitezi sokuqala - ibhodi le-pine lagam, i-ceramic tile (italy), i-sate floor-laminate
Ifenisha
Ithebula egumbini lokuphumula- Asko (Finland), Sofas
Kwabesifazane- ama-Grivas Mebels (Latvia), embhedeni- sotka
Isixazululo se-General Design sakhiwo sesitezi sesibili sasilula futhi sifushane. Abalobi bephrojekthi bafuna, okokuqala, ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okuphezulu kwengaphakathi lokukhanya kwelanga. Lokhu kusetshenziswe hhayi ngosizo lwamawindi amakhulu, ukusika izindiza zendiza, kodwa futhi ngamafasitela ohlobo lwe-attic, ahlelwe ngqo ophahleni. Izindonga zezindonga zodonga cishe azikho, yonke indiza, kusukela phansi kuya ophahleni, i-Occupy Windows. Ukulala phakathi kwe-NIMI akulutho njenge-tube yezindawo umlilo. Nge-Glass Doors, ungaya ophahleni lwe-canopy eduze kwendlu. Le terrace eyingqayizivele ayinalo uthango olumile. Indima yakhe esikhathini esifudumele idlalwa ngamabhokisi okuhlobisa ngezimbali nezitshalo eziluhlaza, eziseceleni komphetho wesayithi.
Isikhala esiphansi sesibili sihlalwa izakhiwo zezingane. Amakamelo amawele yize afanayo, kepha namanje awakopili. Womabili amasethi wefenisha afaka i-sofa (Sotka, eFinland) kanye nedeski elinedeski lomsebenzi, kepha ukuhlelwa kwezinto kanye nesixazululo sombala segumbi kungumuntu ngamunye. Igumbi lendodakazi endala, elihlangene, lihlotshiswe ngesitayela esifushane sesimanje ngenothi elikhanyayo lezothando, elenza izingxenye ezihlukile (ngokwesibonelo, amakhansela athambile amakhethini aguqukayo). Ngakho-ke, uma isitezi sokuqala siyindaba ecophelela, owesibili usevele umhlaba namuhla.
Ngakho-ke isakhiwo se-barn esikhaleni esakhiweni esihlala endaweni ebanzi futhi esinethezekile siye saba ngomunye ubufakazi bokuthula okunokuthula koMlando wanamuhla nangomlando ogcinwe ngokucophelela.
Ukubalwa okukhulisiwe kwezindleko zokwakha indlu efana naleved
| Igama lemisebenzi | Amayunithi. phendula | Inombolo ye | Intengo, $ | Izindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi weSisekelo | ||||
| Kuthatha izembe, ukwakheka, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphumula | M3. | 36. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 648. |
| Idivayisi yesisekelo senkukhu | M2. | 180. | isishiyagalombili | 1440. |
| Idivayisi Yezisekelo Zetheyiphu, I-Monolithic W / B Amapuleti | M3. | 68. | 60. | 4080. |
| Ukwehlukaniswa Kwe-Lateral Ukuhlukaniswa | M2. | 115. | 3. | 345. |
| -Nke | 6510. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Ukhonkolo esindayo | M3. | 68. | 62. | 4216. |
| I-granite yamatshe echotshoziwe, isihlabathi | M3. | 42. | 28. | 1176. |
| I-Bituminous Polymer Mastic, Hydrohotellol | M2. | 115. | 2.8. | 322. |
| I-armature, i-knitting wire, amapulangwe sawn, njll. | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | 420. | 420. |
| -Nke | 6140. | |||
| Izindonga | ||||
| Ukusika odongeni kusuka kumalogi | M3. | 5,2 | 110. | 572. |
| Idivayisi yezindonga zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe | M3. | 7. | 60. | 420. |
| Uzimele wedivayisi ongaphandle izindonga | M2. | 48. | amashumi amabili | 960. |
| Idivayisi yeMonolithic W / W Overlaps | M2. | 61. | amashumi amabili | 1220. |
| Idivayisi yezitebhisi zokhuni zezindonga eziqoshiwe | M2. | 23. | isishiyagalolunye | 207. |
| -Nke | 3380. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Amapulangwe (amahlathi ayindilinga, ibhodi elimile) | M3. | isishiyagalolunye | 120. | I-1080. |
| Ukhonkolo esindayo | M3. | ishumi nesishiyagalolunye | 62. | 1178. |
| Ukuqashwa kwensimbi, i-hydrogen yensimbi, ukufakwa | T. | 1,8. | 390. | 702. |
| -Nke | 2960. | |||
| Idivayisi yophahla | ||||
| Ukufakwa kwe-Rafter Design | M2. | 190. | isishiyagalombili | 1520. |
| Ukufakwa kwezihlahla ze-trim ne-skate | M2. | 190. | okune | 760. |
| I-Bitumen Tiles coating insiza | M2. | 190. | isishiyagalombili | 1520. |
| I-Enderbutting of ama-eaves, soles, device of froones | M2. | 32. | isishiyagalolunye | 288. |
| -Nke | 4090. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Ukuphahla i-ICopal | M2. | 190. | isishiyagalombili | 1520. |
| Izinkuni zeSawn | M3. | I-5,7 | 120. | 684. |
| I-Steam, umoya namafilimu angenamanzi | M2. | 190. | 2. | 380. |
| -Nke | 2590. | |||
| Uhlaka olufudumele | ||||
| Ukufakwa kwezimbozo kanye nokufakwa ngokweqile | M2. | I-280. | 2. | 560. |
| Ukugcwalisa ukuvula amawindi namabhulokhi eminyango | M2. | 54. | 35. | 1890. |
| -Nke | 2450. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Uboya bezimbiwa, Foam | M2. | I-280. | 3. | 840. |
| Amabhlokhi ewindows (ingilazi emibili yegumbi) | M2. | 38. | 230. | 8740. |
| Amabhlokhi eminyango ngokhuni, ukufakwa | PC. | isishiyagalombili | - | 1850. |
| -Nke | 11 430. | |||
| Izinhlelo Zobunjiniyela | ||||
| Idivaysi Yokuhambisa Amanzi Okuzimele (kahle) | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | - | 2200. |
| Ukufakwa kohlelo lokuhambisa indle (septic) | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | - | I-2800. |
| Ukufakwa kwamapayipi nomsebenzi kagesi | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | - | 4300. |
| -Nke | 9300. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| I-Wastewater Treatment System | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | - | 6200. |
| Okokusebenza kwe-boiler | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | - | 3780. |
| Uhlelo lokwelashwa kwamanzi | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | - | 740. |
| I-heater yamanzi (i-Italy) | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | - | 1800. |
| Amapayipi nemishini kagesi | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | - | 5300. |
| -Nke | 17820. | |||
| Umsebenzi wokuqeda | ||||
| Ukubhekana nezindawo eziphakeme ngama-cellamic tile, itshe | M2. | 54. | ishumi nesithupha | 864. |
| Ebhekene nezindawo ze-glc | M2. | 80. | Okuqophele imali | 960. |
| Imidwebo yebhodi yedivayisi | M2. | 42. | Okuthenyalwayo | 420. |
| I-Floor coating insiza (i-laminate) | M2. | 40. | Okuthenyalwayo | 400. |
| Usaka nomsebenzi wokupenda | M2. | 230. | 24. | 5520. |
| Ukubaza, Umsebenzi Wobumba | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | - | 3460. |
| -Nke | 11630. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Itshe lokuhlobisa, i-ceramic tile | M2. | 54. | 28. | 1512. |
| Amabhodi ePoland, "i-lining" nezinye izinto zokwakha | M2. | 63. | 25. | 1575. |
| Izinto zokuhlobisa, ama-laminate, amapulangwe, amapende, ama-varnish, ukuxubeka okomile nezinye izinto zokwakha | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | - | 9460. |
| -Nke | 12550. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zomsebenzi | 37400. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zezinto zokwakha | 53500. | |||
| -Nke | 90900. |