Indlu yaseNtshonalanga yama-ruble aseRussia. Ukwakhiwa kwendlu yezwe kubuchwepheshe be-Danish Panel-Frame Technology. Ukulinganisa.
Ufuna ukwakha indlu esezingeni eliphezulu yasentshonalanga yama-ruble aseRussia? Ingabe uphupha ukuthi muhle, ufudumele futhi kudala awudingi ukulungiswa okukhulu? Futhi ngasikhathi sinye ungafuni ukuguqula ukwakhiwa kube inqubo engapheli? Ngemuva kwalokho yenza isithakazelo ekutheni batholakala kanjani e-Danish-Skeleton-Skewer ekilasini eliphakathi lamaRussia akhiwa emadolobheni amancane.
Kusho igolide
Mayelana nezindlu ezijwayelekile ezaziwayo zakhiwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhloliwe. Idizayini yomuntu ngamunye inyusa izindleko zesakhiwo okungenani kabili. Ama-Danish Firms anikeza ikhasimende ukuthi likhethe izinketho eziningi zezindlu zosayizi abahlukahlukene. Kulokhu, iphrojekthi ngayinye ingaphothulwa. Isibonelo, leso sakhiwo sinikezwa sobabili ngethala nangaphandle kwalo. Kodwa-ke, amaDanes alungele ukwakha izakhiwo nangokwezamaphrojekthi ngamanye. Ukuqola izinyanga ezimbili kusukela ngesikhathi sokuxhumana kwephrojekthi efektri kuyaqoqwa futhi kulungiselelwe ukuthumela zonke izingxenye zesikhathi esizayo ekhaya, kufaka phakathi okudliwayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isisekelo siphonswa esakhiweni, emanzini, ugesi, igesi ifakwe entweni.
Kudingeka ukugcwala kwezitini ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kohlaka futhi kunikeze indlu ifomu eliphelele lezakhiwo. Ukwakheka okuhlangene kwezindonga kuvumela ukulungiselela futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuqinisa ukwakheka kwendlu, kwandise ukumelana kwezindonga kanye nokudluliswa kokushisa kweWindows, ukunciphisa izindleko zokwakha, ukusheshisa inqubo yayo. Izindlu ezinjalo zifanelana kahle neNorth Cold, kanye nokushisa eseningizimu, kunomoya nomoya wokuzamazama komhlaba. Kwanele ukusho ukuthi ukwakhiwa kokulahlekelwa kokushisa kuncishiswa kuya ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu kuze kube manje. Well: Ukuzwakala kwemisindo yezindonga kanye nokugqwala phansi kufinyelela inani le-45DB. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezakhiweni kuzothule, noma ngabe imishini yokwakha isebenza emgwaqweni.
Vele, akunakwenzeka ukuthi athi izindlu zaseDenmark esigabeni esishibhile. Izindleko zendawo ejwayelekile yakwa-150m2 ziyizinkulungwane eziyi-110 (ukuqeda okungajwayelekile). Kepha ngokuya ngezindinganiso zeMoscow, ukubiza indlu enjalo, okubi kakhulu nakho kuzoba okungalungile.
Isimiso somhlangano wokuhambisa
Umhlangano wendlu kanye nomhlobiso wayo wangaphandle wenziwa ngabasebenzi basekhaya abaphumelele ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile noma eDenmark noma ezifundweni ezi-Master lapho amaDanes aqhutshwa eRussia. I-Brigade ihlome ngawo wonke amathuluzi adingekayo namathuluzi, kufaka phakathi izisebenzi zomsebenzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi nezinto zokwakha ezingekho kubuchwepheshe bomenzi akuvunyelwe. Yonke imisebenzi yokwakha yenziwa ngebhukwana enophawu oluhloselwe ukusetshenziswa okusemthethweni. Ukusebenza ngakunye kufakwa ngesikhathi, njengasekuthengiseni okuqinile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhathi sokusindisa isikhathi sasemini ukuze abasebenzi balethwa endaweni yokwakha e-thermos.
Ukuqala kwesikhathi
Ithiyetha liqala ngama-hanger, futhi indlu isisekelo. Isisekelo esilele sekwedlulelwa imisebenzi ye-Geodesic, edonsa imishwalo ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zensimu ukukhomba ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, kanye nokuba khona kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba. Ngalezi zinhloso, i-rig yokumba iselula esekelwe emotweni ye-UAZ iyasetshenziswa. Okulandelayo ukubopha kwekhaya elizayo endaweni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-TheoDolitis yi-Geodesist kanye nomsizi wakhe. Imininingwane etholwe ifakwa ohlelweni lwe-cadastral lwesiza elihlanganiswe yikomidi lezemihlaba lendawo.I-Geodesist yenza uMarkup, emigqeni lapho izimbotshana zalesi sisekelo zimba khona ngebhukwana noma umgubuli. Ukusuka ngqo nangokuthi isisekelo ngqo sincike kahle, noma ngabe inhlanganisela yamaphaneli odonga izowela endaweni nokuthi isakhiwo siqine. Ayikho imibhalo ekhethekile yokwakhiwa kwesisekelo samaDanes. Isixazululo salolu daba siphathiswe amandla enkampani yaseRussia, esebenza ngokusebenza ngokuziphatha kwemijikelezo ye-zero.
Izidingo zabaqoqi bendlu bahambisana ngokuphelele nezici zamandla zokusekelwa kwemithwalo ebaliwe (ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esinesisindo sawo amathani angama-80 kuzosuselwa kuso), ngengozi ngqo ye-tepion eyisisekelo yodonga lwezindonga kanyekanye izembe kanye nekhwalithi ye-screed ukuze kufakwe amaphaneli odonga. Esimweni, ububanzi besisekelo, lapho amaphaneli nomsebenzi wezitini asuselwa ku-50cm; I-screed yenziwa ngamabhulokhi kakhonkolo kakhonkolo futhi isuswe "ku-zero" ngesisombululo. Izakhiwo ezisindile Umthwalo ezisekelweni ziseduze okufanayo, ngakho-ke imigomo yokwakha yazo ihlukile komunye nomunye. Ngeminye imininingwane ngedivaysi yezisekelo zezindlu zokhuni, ungafunda ezihlokweni ezi- "lapho amakona abomvu e-Izba" kanye "nendlu lapho izindonga zisiza khona."
Isichazamazwi semigomo ekhethekile
Mauerlat. - Izingodo zokuqamba.
Igugu - Ukuqedwa kwezakhiwo ze-facade yesakhiwo, kukhawulelwe ophahleni.
Duorter - Iwindi elimile engxenyeni ye-attic yesakhiwo.
ILucarna - Idizayini eyakha ukuvulwa kokufaka iwindi elimile ophahleni.
Izinyathelo zokuqala
Umsebenzi uqala ngokufakwa kwephaneli yodonga lwangaphambili. Kuyi-facade yalo lonke, nge-block esuvele efakiwe engadingi ukuqedwa okwengeziwe. Ukuze kube lula ukukhwela phezulu kwephaneli kukhona ama-hinges avela kukhebula le-cutable lokwenziwa, lapho izingwegwe zezingwegwe ze-crane chalk (ngokulandelayo izihibe zincishiswa ngommese). Ezinye izindonga ezintathu zendlu zibukeka nazo. Kunama-Windows, angenayo kanye neminyango ye-balcony ekhiqizwa yinkampani yaseJalimane i-VEKA. Amafasitela neminyango yenziwa ngephrofayili ye-PVC futhi afakwe amawindi engilazi ama-Heldetic amabili agcwele i-Argon.
Udonga lodonga luhanjiswa njenge-crane ngqo kusuka enqoleni. Isisekelo sesisekelo ngaso sonke isikhathi sisetshenziswa yi-pneumatic sealant ungqimba Fermacell (Germany), okuyimizuzu elungisa umkhiqizo osethwe kuwo. Iphaneli yodonga ibekwe esisekelweni futhi ihlelwe endaweni eqinile yokuqonda kwesikhashana ebhodini. Futhi, iphaneli ngokwengeziwe libopha esisekelweni sezinsimbi zensimbi. Izipikili odongeni zivinjelwe ngesando se-pneumatic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, selivele linezimbobo ze-bolts (M20, ubude be-250mm), elizovalwa ngodonga oluseduze. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi uthatha imizuzu eyi-15-20. Izipikili, amahange, ama-bolts, izikulufo zokuzishaya zinikeza inkampani yaseJalimane yenkampani. Udonga olulandelayo lubekwe maqondana nolokuqala endaweni engama-90. Ngomugqa wokuhlangana kwalo odongeni lokuqala, ungqimba lwe-glue-sealant nalo luyasetshenziswa. Ukuxhumeka kwenziwa ngama-bolts kusetshenziswa i-pneumatic wrench (ngaphansi kwezindonga zawo kwenziwa kwimikhono etholwe ngemalimboleko).
Okulandelayo kuza ukufakwa kokufakwa kwenqamu. Zingamaphaneli afanayo, kuphela ngokufakwa okumbalwa ngaphakathi. Ixhumeke futhi komunye nomunye ngosizo lwe-glue kanye nama-bolts. Ukuhlukaniswa kusethwe yi-crane ngokuvumela ukuhlinzeka ukuqina kwesakhiwo. Kulesi sigaba, umsebenzi wenziwa abaqoqi ababili nama-riggers amabili asebenzisa izindiza kuphela nge-glue ne-spanner tube. Ngasikhathi sinye nokufakwa kwezindonga ngaphakathi kwebhokisi ekhaya, i-crane ilayisha izinto ezincane ezakhiwe ngezakhiwo (ukupakisha ngamawindi ama-mansard, okusebenzisayo.p.). Ngaphandle ngendlela eqinile, kufakwa amaphaneli we-facade, agcwele emabhulokini emininingwane ebekiwe, imishayo ye-anderlaps. Ukuzwela kokulayisha kunencazelo: Ukukhokhwa kwezithwali zehora. Abasebenzi bayaqiniseka ukuthi inqola elandelayo izofika endaweni yokwakha ngokuqinile kuhlelo, ngakho-ke bafuna ukuhambisana nohlelo lomhlangano futhi bengaphuli isigqi somsebenzi. Ososuku, bayakwazi ukwakha izindonga nokuhlukaniswa kwesitezi sokuqala. Indawo yokwakha ihlala ingunogada; Noma kunjalo, lonke ithuluzi lizobanakekela.
Phambili phambili!
NjengaseDenmark, umsebenzi esakhiweni sokwakha isiRussia uqala ngo-7 ekuseni. Into yokuqala ukuya endlini ifakwa i-compressor lapho ithuluzi le-pneumatic lixhunyiwe. Isikhathi se-WTO sokulayisha i-Waga yesibili ikhuphuka lapho amaphaneli amaFrontione kanye nezingxenye zokwenziwa kophahla zitholwa. Izisebenzi ezimbili ziqala ukwakha ama-rafters emhlabeni.
Ngemuva kokufaka amapulazi, iphaneli yeFrones ifakwa. Njengezindonga, ziyizinhlaka zedili elilodwa namafasitela akhona. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo ngasinye odongeni lwephaneli yodonga, kufakwa ungqimba lwe-glue-sealant. Iphaneli yangaphambili ye-FrontPlate ifakwa futhi isonteke ngama-bolts ngamapulazi abi kakhulu. Ngokusho kwephrojekthi, engxenyeni ye-attic yendlu kunama-windows-dormer akhiqizwa ama-veka amabili akhiqizwa nguVeka, atholakala emafulethini amakhulu ezintanjeni zophahla. Amaphaneli odonga lwangaphambili angenama-lug-mahhala ngamafasitela asevele afakwe kuwo afakwe ezindaweni ezilungiselelwe phakathi kwezimbobo ezinamakha ezindongeni futhi zibole ngokuqinile nazo ngamakhona ensimbi. Kamuva, ingxenye ye-rafter evela ngaphakathi iLugar izophuza ngokucophelela ukuze yakhe indawo yamahhala ngewindi. I-Ishisuseseseseseseses ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kokuxhumeka, izingxenye ezisikiwe zamapulazi ziboshwe ngebha yelineni.
Ngasikhathi sinye ngokufakwa kwamapulazi, amaFrones kanye nama-lug-free abasebenzi ababili abasebenzi bakha i-balcony. Idizayini yayo ihlinzeka ngemithwalo eguquguqukayo ezinsikeni zokusekelwa, ngenxa yalokho ezenziwe ngazo ngezindawo zokulungisa ezansi. Lapho i-balcony shrink, ezokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesakhiwo, izinsika zingaphakanyiswa ngokuqinisa i-nati yokulungisa. Ukuvulwa kwezobuchwepheshe ngaphansi komnyango kanye ne-block block ye-balcony kufakwe amapuleti kusuka ekukhishweni kwe-polyethylene.
Ngaleso sikhathi, inqola elayishiwe ithatha isikhundla sesithathu (sokugcina), esiletha ukufakwa kanye nemishini yobunjiniyela. Ukufakwa ku-polyethylene Packal kugcinwe ngaphandle, imishini futhi (i-boiler yenkampani yaseJalimane i-Vaillant, indawo yomlilo, amapayipi, imikhiqizo yamapayipi kanye namapayipi, imikhiqizo ye-it.p.) Kubekwe ngaphakathi kwendlu. Usuku lokusebenza luphela ngokuholwa kokuhleleka esizeni sokwakha, ukulayisha amathuluzi emotweni kanye nokudluliselwa kwento ngaphansi kokuvikelwa.
Kusuka phezulu kungabonakala
Ngemuva kwamahora amabili noma amathathu okusebenza, izenzo eziyinhloko zabakhi zigxile engxenyeni yendawo yendawo. Ukufinyelela okusheshayo kuma-rafters kanye ne-facade elandelayo kusebenza zombili izinhlangothi zesakhiwo, kufakwa amahlathi okusungula amalanga. Kuzothutha izisebenzi, ukulungisa imishayo yokudlula. Idizayini yamapulazi nohlelo lweRafter luyinkimbinkimbi impela, liphindaphinda ngokufaka isicelo senziwe ngama-engeli ahlukene,
Isikhathi Sokudlulisa, akuzona zonke izingodo zophahla phansi ezibekiwe futhi ezilungisiwe, kuyadingeka ukuhamba ngokuqapha. Masinyane nje lapho sebefakiwe, umgwaqo wesikhashana we-boardwalk ubekelwe ngaphezulu, okungenzeka ukuthi athuthelwe ngokuzithoba ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwamapulazi abuthayo, abasebenzi bamboza i-delta-vent yabo ye-membrane ye-pairdo (Germany), elungisiwe ku-stapler braces raft. Ekuqaleni usebenza njengesivikelo ekhaya kusuka ekushintsheni kwezulu, bese kuba yingxenye yephayi "ephahleni." Ulwelwesi lwenza i-DOOM ne-controckaim, emva kwalokho i-tile yemvelo yokukhiqizwa kweRussia "Braas-DSC 1" iyahlanganiswa. Futhi, ikhekhe libandakanya ukufakwa okushisayo kusuka ezingqondweni ezinamaketi amaminerali e-rockwool kanye ne-vaporizolation.
Ngokufana, kukhona ukulungiselela ukufakwa kokuqothulwa okuhlangene. Al Ngaphesheya kwemishayo yokugqappappings kusuka ngezansi, imigoqo ibhalwe lapho ama-mineral wol mats okufakwayo azobe encika. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, bazobe besondela ophahleni omile we-Fermacell ngamapuleti asomile. Okwamanje, ukuvuleka kuhlala kuvulekile phakathi kwemishayo. Kanye namafasitela ama-dormer, amafasitela e-attic ye-FL308 akhiqizwa yi-velux (eDenmark) anikezwe e-attic. Abasebenzi baphatha ukulungiswa kokuvuleka ekufakweni kwabo. Usuku lwesibili lokwakha luphela ngodoti ezindaweni zokusebenza, ukulayisha amathuluzi ngokukhethekile nokuhanjiswa kwento evikelwe.
I-facade yendlu
Ezinsukwini ezintathu ezilandelayo ophahleni nase-facade yendlu kukhona okufakiwe kanye nama-elektriki. Uphahla luyingxenye ebhekele isakhiwo sesakhiwo. Unjiniyela uheha iqembu eliqeqeshiwe lamakhosi aseRussia enkampanini "RSM-Stry" kulo msebenzi, odlulile umfundi eJalimane. Uphahla lwenziwa kubuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi benkampani yaseJalimane Braas (ungafunda esihlokweni esithi "Uphahla lwendlu yakho"). Ochwepheshe abafanayo bavinjelwe nguVinyl Siding Karnis futhi bakhule uhlelo lokukhiqiza olunamanzi lwenkampani yaseDanishi.
Ukubalwa okukhulisiwe kwezindleko zomsebenzi kanye nezinto zokwakha indlu enezitezi ezimbili nendawo eyi-148m2
| Igama lemisebenzi | Amayunithi. phendula | Inombolo ye | Intengo, $ | Izindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi weSisekelo | ||||
| Ukwakheka, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nengubo | M3. | 67. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 1206. |
| Umsebenzi wokuqala, ukuxhaswa ngamanzi | M2. | 100 | isishiyagalombili | 800. |
| I-Stone Tape Base | M3. | 28. | 40. | 1120. |
| Ukwehlukaniswa Kwe-Lateral Ukuhlukaniswa | M2. | 140. | 2.8. | 392. |
| -Nke | 3518. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| I-Stone Block | M3. | 28. | amashumi amahlanu | 1400. |
| Isixazululo se-masonry, itshe elichotshoziwe, ukuchotshozwa, isihlabathi | M3. | amashumi amathathu | 28. | 840. |
| I-Bituminous Polymer Mastic (Canada) | M2. | 240. | 3,2 | 768. |
| -Nke | 3008. | |||
| Izindonga (Ibhokisi) | ||||
| Ukufakwa kanye nokudiliza kwe-scaffolding | M2. | 270. | I-3.5 | 945. |
| Ukufakwa kwezindonga nokuhlukaniswa | M2. | 255. | amashumi amathathu | I-7650. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Overlaps, izitebhisi | M2. | 148. | ishumi nesithupha | 2368. |
| Ukubhekana nezitini zodonga | M2. | 76. | amashumi amabili | 1520. |
| -Nke | 12483. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Uhlaka, amaphaneli, izitebhisi, njll. | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | - | - | 70,000 |
| Brick Facil | PC. | 4300. | 0,3. | 1290. |
| Isixazululo se-Masonry, njll. | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | 420. | 420. |
| -Nke | 71710. | |||
| Idivayisi yophahla | ||||
| Ukufakwa kwe-Rafter Design | M2. | 130. | Okuqophele imali | 1560. |
| Idivayisi ye-Tile coating | M2. | 130. | isishiyagalombili | 1440. |
| Ukufakwa kohlelo lokukhipha | RM. M. | 40. | 6. | 240. |
| -Nke | 3240. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| I-CENT-sand tile braas (Germany) | M2. | 130. | 29. | 3770. |
| I-Steam, umoya namafilimu angenamanzi | M2. | 130. | 2. | 260. |
| Uhlelo lwe-Plastmo Drainage (Denmark) | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | okukodwa | 450. | 450. |
| -Nke | 4480. | |||
| Uhlaka olufudumele | ||||
| Ukufakwa kwezimbozo kanye nokufakwa ngokweqile | M2. | 580. | 2. | 1160. |
| Ukugcwalisa ukuvula amawindi namabhulokhi eminyango | M2. | 51. | 35. | 1785. |
| -Nke | Ngo-2945. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| I-insulation rockwool. | M2. | 340. | I-2.6 | 884. |
| Amabhlokhi wewindows veka. | M2. | 35. | 170. | 5950. |
| I-Mansard Windows Velux | PC. | 3. | 530. | 1590. |
| -Nke | 8424. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zomsebenzi | 22200. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zezinto zokwakha | 87700. | |||
| -Nke | 109808. |
Kuzoqhutshwa.
Abahleli babonga uDanjaus ukuthola usizo ekulungiseleleni lokho.