Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha bendlu ka-342 m2 kusuka kukhonkolo kaFoam, ukuhlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zezinto ezifana nezitini, ukhonkolo nezinkuni.
Izitini, ukhonkolo kanye nezinto zokwakha ezinkulu eRussia. Manje ukhonkolo wegwebu, ehlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zalezi zinto ngokwazo, manje ususendaweni eqhubekayo.
Cabanga ngokobuchwepheshe bokwakha kusuka emabhulokini kakhonkolo kakhonkolo esibonelweni sendlu ngokuya ngephrojekthi ejwayelekile "Babylon" (Russia). Indlwana enezitezi ezimbili esifundeni saseMoscow u-Alexin yasungulwa iBrigade yabantu abayisishiyagalombili. Imvamisa, ukwakhiwa kwendlu yendlu (kusuka ekubambeni isisekelo kwisisekelo ngaphambi kokufakwa kwezinhlaka zophahla) kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili, kodwa kulokhu kwathatha isikhathi eside.
Ukwakhiwa kukakhonkolo wegwebu ekuqaleni kufana nokwakhiwa kwezitini, kepha isakhiwo esithile se-Foam ukhonkolo wethula ezinye izici kubuchwepheshe bezindonga. Ukubhekana nazo, kuzofanele ujwayelane ngokuningiliziwe nokuthi yiziphi izikhombisi zeselula nalokho abadla nazo nazo.
Kungani ukhethe ukhonkolo we-foam
Ukhonkolo weselula ungokhonkolo okhanyayo (ububanzi obungaphansi kwe-1800kg / m3) ngokusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngevolumu ngama-pores ayi-0,5-2 mm. Ngokukhiqizwa kokhonkolo kwalolu hlobo, izakhi ezifanayo zisetshenziswa njengekhonkolo evamile (usimende, isihlabathi se-quartz namanzi), kepha enye ingxenye ye-ejenti esongelayo iyangezwa, okungenzeka kube yizinto ezihlukile (ngokwesibonelo, i-aluminium).Lapho ungeza ifomu le-pore, ukusabela kwenzeka ngokuhlukaniswa kwegesi, yingakho ingxube iba yi-porous - ngenxa yalokho, ukhonkolo ocile ngokweselula wakhela. Uma kufakwa ama-ejenti akhethekile we-Foam, khona-ke amagwebu akhiqiza ngokhonkolo weflamu ye-cell foam. IMisa elungiselelwe yilezi zindlela ithelelwa ezindleleni zobukhulu obukhulu, nokuthi izodonsa nini, uthathe amabhulokhi.
Isakhiwo se-porrous sokhonkolo weselula sinquma izakhiwo zawo. Njengoba umoya, kuma-pores, ngokwawo ungumfaki omuhle we-thermal, udonga lukakhonkolo lwamaselula olunobukhulu obungu-30cm ezicini zalo zokusindisa ukushisa lufana nomsebenzi wezitini ngo-1.7 m. Ukuphakama kusho ukuthi izindonga ezinjalo azidingi ukufakwa okwengeziwe. Izinkomba zomsindo ezizwakalayo ku-Cellular Concrete ziphakeme cishe eziyishumi eziphakeme kunaleso sitini. Ngokumelana nomlilo, impahla yokugcina ikhono lokuphatha - lolu hlobo lukakhonkolo luphinde luthathe izikhundla eziphakeme kune-brick.
Njengoba wazi, izindonga zezitini emlilweni zilahlekile futhi zichithwe. Izakhiwo zikakhonkolo zeselula kanye namandla azilahli - lapho zibuyisela indlu, zanele ukubheka isongo, ziguqule kabusha izakhiwo zokhuni, uphahla futhi zinqobe udaka olimele. (Okwesethenjwa: Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, amasampula anobukhulu be-1cm ebekezelela izinga lokushisa le-800C ngo-2h ngaphandle kokubhujiswa.)
Ngokusho kwe-Vapor Permeability, amandla okukweqa umphunga wamanzi, njalo lapho ekhona emoyeni wezakhiwo zokuhlala, okuthe xaxa kusondela esihlahleni, ngakho-ke kulula ukuphefumula emakhaya abo, futhi i-microclimate isondele ku-microclimate of a a Indlu yokhuni. I-IPlus yalokho okukhiqizwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa kwamaminerali ayikuboli, ayishisi futhi ayipheli ngamanzi, kuhluke kakhulu esihlahleni.
I-block eyodwa yamasayizi ajwayelekile (403025cm) ingena esikhundleni sombuso wezitini ezi-15 ezijwayelekile (25126.5 cm), okunciphisa ukubulawa komsebenzi futhi kusheshise cishe amahlandla amane. Ubuningi obuncane bezinto ezibonakalayo (buzoba ngu-600kg / m3, okuphindwe kathathu okungaphansi kwalesi sitini) kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise kakhulu izindleko zokuhamba nezokufaka.
Ukwakheka kwe-porous kokhonkolo weselula kusiza ukucubungula kwabo abasebenza ngomshini. Amaphupho avumelekile avela kukhonkolo ojwayelekile noma izitini, amabhlogo anjalo angagawulwa nge-SAWNAY, eqinile, yokugaya, ukumba, inhlawulo, okwenza kube lula ukwakhiwa kwezindonga, ukubeka ezokuxhumana kanye nokuqedwa kwangaphakathi. I-Avtot iqinisa amafreyimu kakhonkolo weselula, amabhokisi emnyango neminye imikhiqizo namadivayisi ane-dowels ejwayelekile futhi zonke izipikili eziningi azinikezi ukuxhumana okuthembekile. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-dowel akhethekile nge-spacer eyandisiwe. Ama-dowels afanayo kufanele asetshenziswe lapho ufaka amabakaki (ngokwesibonelo, kwifenisha eyenziwe kanye nobuchwepheshe).
Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-pores ahlukahlukene ekukhiqizeni ukhonkolo weselula kuhlinzeka ngezinto ezahlukahlukene zezinto zokwakha ezitholakele. Ukhonkolo ongezwe uhlukaniswa ngokubaluleka nge-porosity kanye negesi permeability (ngamanye amagama, ama-pores ngobukhulu bawo axhumeke "ukuhamba"). Ukhonkolo wegwebu udonsa umswakama wasemkhathini, njengoba kuvalwe ama-pores alo (ahlukaniswe nomunye). Ngenxa yale mpahla, isetshenziswa kakhulu kunokhonkolo ohleliwe.
Njengoba ukhonkolo wamaselula amunca umswakama, kuyadingeka ukuvikela indawo yangaphandle yodonga kusuka emiphumeleni yemvula yezulu.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kunganciphisi ukuthambekela kwe-vapor yesakhiwo. Ukubhoboza ukuvikelwa okunjalo kungasetshenziswa udaka oluvumelekile lwe-vapor (kulandelwa ukunamathela "okuphefumulayo" facade upende) noma ukungcola ngezitini, ukuhlanganisa. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngegebe elingena umoya phakathi kodonga futhi ubheke. Uma ukwenqaba, khona-ke umusi uphuma ukhonkolo weselula, ngaphandle kwethuba lokuthola ngaphandle, uzoqala ukuquleka ebusweni besigaba, futhi ngisho nasemkhawulweni wezindonga, lapho ngesikhathi sokubhubhisa kuzoholela ekubhujisweni kwabo . Izindonga zezindonga zamakamelo anomswakama ophezulu (igumbi lokugezela, ekhishini) lidinga ukuvikeleka ekuvikeleni umswakama-uning ngamathayili awo ubumba.
Ngokuqondene nohlangothi lwentengo lombuzo, khona-ke amabhlokhi kakhonkolo we-1m3 Foam anosayizi we-403025cm abiza cishe ama- $ 70 (kusuka kuleli nani ungangeza mayelana nezindonga ze-4M2). Inani elifanayo lezitini ezijwayelekile ze-Ceramic M-125 zizobiza cishe ama- $ 100 (lokhu kungu-2 M2 izindonga ezitini ezimbili).
Ithebula lokuqhathanisa lezakhiwo ze-foam ukhonkolo kanye nesitini se-ceramic
| Ipharameter | Into uqobo lwayo | |
|---|---|---|
| Isitini sika-ceramic | Ukhonkolo foam | |
| Ubuningi, kg / m3 | 1700. | 600. |
| I-Creativity Coefflight Coefflight, w / (MC) | 0.81. | 0.14. |
| Ubungako ku-1m3, ama-PC. | 513. | 34. |
Ukukhiya amabhlokhi
Ukusika isisindo seqhwa sekhonkolo yeselula kumabhulokhi, izitshalo zasekhaya zisebenzisa imishini ehlukile. Ikhwalithi yayo ethinta ukunemba kosayizi bejometri. Imikhiqizo enokuphambuka okubalulekile (3mm noma ngaphezulu) lapho kufakwa khona lapho kwakhiwa ungqimba oluwugqinsi (10-12mm) sesisombululo sesihlabathi sesimende, esikuvumela ukuthi unxephezele i-curvature. Amabhulokhi aphambuka okuncane kwamanani (1mm) angafakwa ku "glue" (ukunamathela okukhethekile kokhonkolo weselula; kuyatholakala ekuxubeni okuhle kwamanzi). Ama-Seams Amafutha enziwe ngezixazululo zika-Cement-Sandy anokuphamba okuthe xaxa kunokhonkolo weselula, futhi adlale indima "yamabhuloho abandayo". Ukubuka ukusetshenziswa kwe- "glue" komthungo kuma-masonry kutholakala mncane (1-2mm ngokumelene ne-10-12mm ngesixazululo ngasinye). Udonga olunjalo lucishe lube homogeneous, okungukuthi, lubonakala ngokulahleka okuncane kwezindawo ezisindisa ukushisa kukakhonkolo weselula kuma-seams.Ama-Masonry ku "glue" anenzuzo ecacile yezomnotho. Vele, i-glue "ye-1kg" ibiza kakhulu kunekhambi le-1 kg, kodwa ngobukhulu obuncane bomthungo kuma-masonry kukhona umthamo omncane kakhulu wezinto ezibonakalayo ("glue"). Izindleko zeVitog zitholakala ngokwesilinganiso esingu-30% ephansi kunalapho usebenzisa udaka wesihlabathi lukasimende. Kepha futhi siphindaphinda siphinda: Ukufaka ku- "glue glue" ake athi kuphela amabhlokhi anobukhulu obukhulu1mm!
Manje ukukhiqizwa kwamabhulokhi kakhonkolo wegwebu, kusetshenziswa imishini engcono kunokwenziwa kokhonkolo ongezwe, ngakho-ke kuvame ukutholakala kahle amabhlogo kakhonkolo we-foam nge-1mm dizzy ("Rhipetsk House Products", Russia). Akumangazi ukuthi "glue" ukhonjwe kakhonkolo. Kuyiqiniso, kunamabhulokhi kakhonkolo ahlanganisiwe ngokunemba okuphezulu, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukubathola emakethe.
Yebo, manje, ukuqubuka ekwakhiweni kokhonkolo wegwebu, siphendukela ngqo ekwakheni.
Umsebenzi "osisekelo"
Le phrojekthi yabonisa ukwakhiwa kweqoqo le-Ribbon Foundation kwipuleti ekhonkolo eqinisiwe yeMonolithic
Ipuleti monolithic. Ngemuva kokubekwa esakhiweni sendawo yendawo ngaphansi kwesisekelo kusuka ebusweni kwasuswa ungqimba lomhlabathi (lwemisebenzi ye-landscape). Ngemuva kwalokho, ngosizo lombungi, badonsela ukujula okungu-1.7 m futhi ekugcineni bakhungatheke ngesandla sabo nezindonga. Kumenyezelwe inhlabathi ethathwe kancane ithathwe ingxenye ethile, yesokunxele kancane esizeni ukuze isebenzise ukugcwaliswa kwesisekelo esiqediwe.
Ukuhlelwa kwesisekelo ngaphansi kwe-monolithic slab esekelayo kwaqala nge-ottithi nxazonke ezansi kwesihlabathi ungqimba olucishe lube ngu-20cm nge-tram ngasikhathi sinye (umcamelo wesihlabathi). Isigaba esilandelayo sokulungiselela sithulula phezu komcamelo wesihlabathi se-Brand M100 ekhonkolo ekhonkolo Ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kwe-bias, ukhonkolo ekuthululeni kuhlanganiswe kahle phezu kwawo wonke umhlaba usebenzisa ithegi efakiwe. Kwathi izinsuku ezimbili, kukhonjwe ngokhonkolo, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho kwafakwa ngaphansi kwalo malini, kwafakwa i-bitumen mastic kanye nezendlalelo ezimbili zezinto ezingenamanzi "Tehnelast" ("i-Revnonikol", iRussia). Ngemuva kosuku, lapho amanzi angangeni manzi "aqala ukwakha amafomu okwakha ipuleti ekhonkolo eqinisiwe ngokuqina kuka-30cm. IBarcask yabekwa ngohlaka oludumile kusuka ekuqinisweni kwe-A-III ngobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-12mm futhi bathululelwa ngokhonkolo m200, ngemuva kwalokho bashiye izinsuku ezimbili ukuba balukhuni.
Vimba isisekelo. Amayunithi wesisekelo ama-FBS (4060120CM) abebekwe kusetshenziswa i-crane ephakamisayo, futhi omunye nomunye wayeboshwe ngodaka kasimende (imigqa emine yamabhulokhi yabekwa). Phambilini imisele yokungena ekuhlinzekweni kwepayipi lamanzi nokuthuthwa kwendle. Lapho ubeka epuleti lesisekelo lamabhulokhi emugqa ophansi phakathi kwawo, kwakukhona ukuvulwa okungunxande kwamapayipi adingekayo. Ukuvikelwa kokuvikelwa kumswakama ongcolile kodonga lwalesi sisekelo kwambozwa ngaphandle kwezendlalelo ezimbili zeBitumen Mastic. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngasendaweni evundlile yesisekelo, iTechnology "esongwe ngaphansi kwamanzi" ukuze ivikele umswakama otholwe emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa isisekelo ezindongeni zikakhonkolo we-Foam). Bese kuba nemigqa eminingana yobubanzi be-masonry ezitini ezimbili ngaphezulu kwayo (emabhulokini). Ukuphakama okuphelele kwesisekelo kwakungu-2,5m.
Ukugqagqana komhlaba. Lapho ukubekwa kwehla, amaphaneli abekwa esibalweni esinjalo, ukuze ububanzi bepulatifomu yabo esekelayo bungeqi ingxenye eyodwa nesigamu sesitini, kodwa futhi hhayi ngaphansi kwe-polipich. Amaphaneli wezempi ezakaphansi asuswe kusetshenziswa i-autocran engxenyeni yezixazululo ezisanda kufakwa. Iziphetho zamapuleti zazilungele uhlelo lwe- "Groove Hlum". Imisipha phakathi kwamaphaneli yagcwala ngodaka kasimende nge-grout of seams kusuka ohlangothini ophahleni. Lapho-ke, azungeze umngcele wesisekelo, iziphetho nezinhlangothi zombili zamapuleti zazivaliwe ngesitini esigcwele esikhaleni (umugqa wokugcina wezitini walala phansi ebusweni bamaphaneli).
Ukuvulwa kwe-200mmm ngokushisa, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, indle kanye nepayipi legesi kugadwe egumbini elingaphansi. Njengoba usuqedile le misebenzi, waqala ukwakha izindonga ekhaya.
Vimba ngemuva kwebhulokhi ...
Isebenza ekwakhiweni kwezindonga yaqala ngoMasonry kuya kusixazululo sokuwohloka kwangaphandle kubukhulu bemvamisa. Okuqukethwe kwalokhu kwakuyi-Brick Brick "Fagot" ngosayizi 25126.5 cm (efektri "Fagot", Ukraine). Inqubo yaqala ngamakhona esakhiwo, ibeka isitini ngesigqoko. Ukuvundlile komugqa kanye ne-verticality yodonga elawulwa izinga, intambo kanye ne-plumb.Ukuqinisekisa umoya omncane wezindonga, bekukhona izikhala zobubanzi be-10-12mm phakathi kweziphetho zezitini ezithile. Ubenze emugqeni wokuqala wama-masonry (phansi kodonga) nasengxenyeni ye-carnis yendlu. "Imikhiqizo" eminingana enikezwe ngomugqa, isinyathelo phakathi kwawo asisekho ngaphezu kwe-4M.
Ukubeka ukukhwabanisa kwama-500mm azungeze umngcele wendlu, kwaqala ukunxusa kwezindonga zangaphakathi nezingaphandle. Ubukhulu bawo bungama-300mm, amabhulokhi kakhonkolo wezinto ezibonakalayo. Kuqale kusuka emakhoneni wesakhiwo, kubuyela emuva kusuka kumazinga abhekene acishe abe ngu-70mm (ukukhishwa komoya). Umugqa wokuqala wamabhulokhi kakhonkolo wafakwa kwikhambi. Lolu chungechunge kufanele lutholakale ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba amayunithi wemigqa yesibili nelandelayo ayisasekho kwikhambi, kepha e-glu "yomthungo acishe abe ngu-1 mm). Isixazululo sikuvumela ukuthi unxephezele iphutha lokubeka ama-slabs phansi kanye nomugqa wokuqala wamabhulokhi.
Ngokufakwa kwemigqa yesibili nelandelayo elandelayo, "glue" kusetshenziswe ngokusekelwe engxube elomile "Yunis-2000", ivaliwe ngamanzi. Isixazululo salungiswa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukusebenzisa i-mixer. Isikhwama esisodwa sengxube esomile (25kg, izindleko zingama-ruble acishe abe ngu-120) zidliwa amahora ama-3 okusebenza okuqhubekayo, futhi kwanele cishe amabhlogo ayi-100.
Ukudalwa kodonga okhangayo kwezindawo zokugcina kanye nezintambo zokuthwala kuguqulwe: Imigqa emibili yamabhulokhi kakhonkolo ka-foam yafakwa ku-0.5 m, bese kuthi i-grid eqinisiwe eboshwe ngodonga oluthwala lwalubekwe ezungeze umngcele we-maronry. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindonga zikakhonkolo zangaphakathi zegwebu ezinobukhulu obungama-300 mm zakhiwa, zaqinisekisa ukugqoka ngezindonga zangaphandle. Amabhulokhi wokunquma asebenzisa i-saw enezandla ezimbili. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi izindonga ze-Foam ukhonkolo zivimba ngesitini sangaphandle zibheke ukuthobeka nezidingo zokuphikiswa kwe-snip ekudluliseni kokushisa R0 = 4m2C / W. W.
Enye yezindonga zendlu yangaphakathi yendlu yasungulwa kusuka ku-Ceramic Brick of Well-Masonry, ngaphakathi kwe-air ducts yokupholisa umoya nokubhema, kanye namapayipi okuxhumana ezobunjiniyela. Lo donga waqinisa igridi yonke imigqa eyisithupha yezitini. Imigqa eyakha umnyango noma ukuvula iwindi yaqala ngamabhulokhi ekhoneni, bese ubeka amabhlogo kusuka ekuvulekeni ngokwawo. Kwenziwa ukuthi amabhulokhi anciphisiwe atholakala emaphethelweni, kepha maphakathi nomugqa. Ukubhekana nezitini ezansi kwefasitela ukuvuleka kwagcinwa ukuze kuvalwe ngokuphelele igebe phakathi komthwali kanye nezindonga (ama-tychanical masonry). Iwindows kanye ne-Door jumpers kwaphonswa kukhonkolo oqinisiwe kwifomu ngqo odongeni. Ubude besiza sereferensi ezinhlangothini zombili ze-jumper zingu-150 mm. Ukuphakama kwama-jumpers kuhlangana nokuphakama kwebhlokhi.
Ngemuva kwayo yonke imigqa eyisikhombisa (okungukuthi, umugqa owodwa phakathi nobubanzi bokugcina) ezindongeni ze-Foam ezivunayo kwafakwa ifomuli yokwebisha, uhlaka lokuqiniswa ngo-10 mm lwalubekwe futhi luthululwe ngokhonkolo mm2. Umphumela uba yisigaba se-concrete esiqinisiwe se-monolithic bellet 3016cm, esandisa amandla okuthela izindonga. Ibhande elingaphezulu kodonga liyadingeka ngoba amaphaneli we-swelep awanconywa ukuthi afakwe ngqo kumabhulokhi kakhonkolo we-foam. Ngemuva kokuqinisa ibhande le-monolithic, baqala ukukhwela amapuleti emibhedeni, babekwa, njengasesishingweni sesisekelo.
Okwesibili (i-Mansard) phansi kwakhiwa okufanayo nowokuqala. Kuphela lapho kwakhiwa iWindows yefomu "elakhiwe" esikhundleni se-conkcrete jumpers esetshenziswe okufakiwe okufakwe kuphrofayela yensimbi. Ngemuva kokuthi izindonga zomisiwe (kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili), abakhi baqalile ukwakhiwa kokwakheka kweRafter.
Umqhele wendlu
Njengoba amafasitela esitezi sesibili ayenomumo ogcinwe futhi ingxenye engenhla iwela indiza yophahla lophahla, i-mauerlat yanquma ukwenza isethi. Ingxenye yezingxenye zezingodo 1525cm zabekwa esiqongweni sodonga "isikhiya sezitini". Ukuvikela ukubola, bafakwe ngaphansi kokwakheka kwe-antiseptic futhi babeka umgijimi we-multilayer.
Okulandelayo, baqala insiza yohlelo olusheshayo lophahla lwe-attic olusezingeni eliphakeme. Le ndlu yaphulwa yaba izingxenye ezintathu, ngakunye kwayo okwakwa kwaba sengathi kungophahla lwakho. Lokhu, okokuqala, kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukugwema umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi wokugcwala kwezikhala ezinkulu (kulokhu, inani eliphakeme le-span lalicishe libe ngu-7m), kanti okwesibili, okwakuvela kulo kwakha isakhiwo. I-Attic Flower of the Attic Phansi ayikho, indima yayo yokuvikela ukushisa idlala ophahleni.
Kwaqala ukuluhlukanisa kusuka kudivayisi yesakhiwo se-rafter, okuwuhlelo lokulengiswa kwama-rafter akho konke okusekelwa okubili okuningana kwesakhiwo (ngaphandle kwezinto eziphakathi). Ngokwenziwa kwabo, imigoqo yayisetshenziswa ngesigaba sesiphambano 1015cm, incike kuMauerlat. Ukubhoboza impahla yophahla kwakhethwa ngensimbi yensimbi. Ingaphezulu layo elingaphansi lalo laziwa ukuthi livikelwe ekugcekeni. Le nhloso yokugibela kusuka ngaphakathi emigoqweni enamathiselwe izinto zokungena emfishane zefilimu ezivimbela ukungena kwamanzi okufakwayo egumbini (ekugcineni komsebenzi wokufaka kwavalwa ngento yokuqeda). Phakathi kwama-rafters, uvolo we-insermer olusezingeni eliphakeme ngokukhululwa kuka-20cm. Phezu kwe-rafter, ulwelwesi lwe-anti-condensate lwase-Eltete (Finland) - igebe eliphakathi kwalo kanye nokufakelwa ngu-5 cm. Ukusuka ohlangothini olubheke eMinvat, ulwelwesi lunomugqa we-dyskiy, lapho umbhangqwana ovela khona ngokufakelwa kuncishisiwe, futhi amaconsi akhiwa ahlelwe ngokuqinile kwinqwaba. Le condensate ithwalwa ngomoya okhuphuka kwigebe phakathi kwe-membrane nokufakelwa.
Ngokuqondene nolwelwesi ngokwalo, lwaluhlelwe yiBruscamic, okuthiwa yi-counterclaim, okukuvumela ukuthi udale igebe lokungena komoya. UKkontrobreychka wagxotshwa ngaphandle kwekhreyithi (amabhodi angafakwanga), kanye ne-tile yensimbi yafakwa kukho.
Konke ukuphakahla "uphaya" kubukeka kanjena (phansi phezulu): Ukuqedwa kwe-Insulation-Vapor Insulation-insulation (MinVata) -Izhhenye umoya wokuthola imvume yokulwa nokulwa nomoya (membrane) - tile yensimbi enkulu yensimbi. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalezi zikhala ezimbili, uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwezinto zophahla lwaphenduka wahlukaniswa ngokuphelele nemiphumela yomswakama.
Ubunjiniyela
Ngokufana nokwakhiwa kophahla lwabagesi, ikhebula lalivikelwa umkhono wensimbi. Izihluthulelo ngaphansi kwe-electrocaban zenziwa ngenhlawulo yezandla. I-Resesses yokushintshwa nezisekelo zenze umgexo nge-drill tubular. Isisebenzi sensimbi safakwa kubakaki abahle bensimbi kuma-spacer dowels. Lapho-ke izindonga zazibunjiwe, zifihla ukufakwa kukagesi. Ngasikhathi sinye kufakwe i-boiler nalo lonke uhlelo lokushisa. Kuyadingeka ukufeza ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wokuqeda ukuze kube nokubeka amapayipi, bekungadingeki ukululama futhi ulungele izindonga eziqediwe kanye phansi.Isisekelo sohlelo lokushisa lwe-boiler yensimbi yendlu ye-violeng 100 (i-viessmann, iJalimane), igesi futhi ifakwe ngabalawuli bedijithali bezindlela zokusebenza. Iyunithi lalitholakala egumbini lezobuchwepheshe lesitezi esingaphansi, ligcina ukuqondiswa okudingekayo ezindongeni (50cm). Ngaphansi kwamawindi ezakhiwo, ama-radiator e-KERMI PANEL (Germany) abekwe ngokuxhumana okuphansi kwamapayipi wensimbi. I-wiring of the application kanye namapayipi okushisa aqhutshwa ngokugcwala (afihlekile ngaphansi kwe-concrete tie, lapho umsebenzi ekuxhumaneni nobunjiniyela bezokuxhumana usuqediwe). Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa sekuqediwe, uhlelo lwagcwaliswa ngamanzi futhi lwenziwa ukwethulwa kwecala. Ipayipi lamanzi nokuthuthwa kwendle kunwetshwe emgaqweni omkhulu ophakathi. Ukuhlelwa okuvundlile kwamapayipi epulasitiki apulasitiki wokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kanye namapayipi wendle wendle nakho kuye kwenziwa ngaphambi komsebenzi wokuqeda.
Ingxenye yemishini yobunjiniyela yendlu iyindawo ehlanza i-vacuum enezinto eziphikisayo zamandla nezinhlelo ze-air duct ezinama-pneummators. Uphiko lwamandla lwalufakwa egumbini lobuchwepheshe lesitezi. Ukusuka lapha kuwo wonke amakamelo wesakhiwo esandisiwe somoya ama-air - amapayipi epulasitiki anobubanzi obungu-50mm, lapho udoti ulungelwa khona. Izindawo ezivundlile ze-air ducts, kanye nohlobo lwamapayipi ohlelo lokufudumeza nohlelo lwamanzi, olubekwe ngaphezulu. Ngokufana ne-air ducts efakwe izintambo ezifakiwe, enikezwe ama-pneummators abekwe egumbini ngalinye ekhaya, odongeni. (Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, i-hose evumelana nezimo nge-nozzle ixhumeke kubo.) Umoya wokuqeda amandla ukhishwa yipayipi elikhethekile emgwaqweni.
Ipayipi legesi endlini lalibekwa endaweni yokugcina, ngemuva kokuphothulwa komsebenzi kwenye ukuxhumana. Amapayipi kaphethiloli aholwa ngendlela evulekile, ngoba akwenqatshelwe ukubafihle ngamazinga okuphepha.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwawo wonke umsebenzi kwezokuxhumana zobunjiniyela, babuyela emhlobisweni wangaphakathi wendlu kanye nokwenza ngcono indawo yekhaya.
Ukubalwa okukhulisiwe kwezindleko zomsebenzi nezinto zokwakha indlu ngendawo ephelele ye-342m2, efana naleved
| Igama lemisebenzi | Amayunithi. phendula | Inombolo ye | Intengo, $ | Izindleko, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi weSisekelo | ||||
| Kuthatha izembe, ukwakheka, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphumula | M3. | 130. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 2340. |
| Ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo zeteyipu kusuka emabhuloki kakhonkolo | M3. | 90. | 40. | 3600. |
| Idivayisi yezitebhisi zeMonolithic | M2. | 34. | 95. | 3230. |
| Ukuvuleka kwamanzi okuvundlile futhi okulandelayo | M2. | 420. | okune | 1680. |
| -Nke | I-10850. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Isihlabathi somsebenzi (ngokulethwa) | M3. | 35. | ishumi nane | 490. |
| Vimba isisekelo | PC. | 170. | 32. | 5440. |
| Ukhonkolo esindayo | M3. | isishiyagalombili | 62. | 496. |
| I-Bituminous Polymer Mastic, Hydrohotellol | M2. | 420. | 3. | 1260. |
| I-armature, izihlangu, ucingo nezinye izinto | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | 2930. | ||
| -Nke | 10620. | |||
| Izindonga, ukwahlukaniswa, ukunqwabelana, ukuphapha | ||||
| Ama-Masonry of izindonga zangaphandle nezingaphakathi ezivumayo ezivela emabhulokini | M3. | 138. | 32. | 4416. |
| Idivaysi elungiselelweni lamabhande kakhonkolo aqinisiwe kanye nama-jumpers | M3. | 22.4 | 58.5 | 1310. |
| Ukubhekana Nezitini Zobuso nge-Extender | M2. | 460. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 8280. |
| Amadivayisi we-Brick Cartitions aqinisiwe | M2. | 65. | Okuthenyalwayo | 650. |
| Ukufakwa phansi kokhonkolo oqinisiwe | M2. | 342. | isishiyagalolunye | 3078. |
| Ukubeka amapuleti amakholoni, ama-visooni | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | 1800. | ||
| Ukufakwa kwe-Rafter Design | M2. | 320. | ishumi nane | 4480. |
| Idivayisi ye-vaporizolation yekhambi | M2. | 320. | 2. | 640. |
| I-Metal Coating insiza | M2. | 320. | Okuthenyalwayo | 3200. |
| Ukufakwa kohlelo lokukhipha | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | 1400. | ||
| I-Enderbutting of ama-eaves, soles, device of froones | M2. | 45. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 810. |
| Ukwehlukaniswa kwezindonga, ukumboza kanye nokungena ngaphakathi | M2. | 670. | 2. | 1340. |
| Ukugcwalisa ukuvuleka ngamabhulokhi ewindows | M2. | 76. | 35. | 2660. |
| -Nke | 34060. | |||
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe esigabeni | ||||
| Vimba kukhonkolo weselula | M3. | 138. | 64. | 8832. |
| Ukhonkolo esindayo | M3. | isihlanu | 62. | 310. |
| UBrick Ceramic ubhekene "Fagot" | izingcezu eziyizinkulungwane. | 13.6 | 600. | I-8160. |
| Ukwakha isitini se-ceramic ceramic | izingcezu eziyizinkulungwane. | 3,3. | 165. | 545. |
| Igridi yokuqinisa insimbi | M2. | 100 | ishumi nanye | 1100. |
| Isixazululo se-Masonry (ukulethwa) | M3. | ishumi nane | 76. | 1064. |
| Glue "yunis-2000" (Russia), Bag 25kg | PC. | 46. | 4,2 | 193.2. |
| Ipuleti lokunqamula kokhonkolo oqinisiwe | M2. | 342. | ishumi nesithupha | 5472. |
| Ukuqashwa kwensimbi, i-hydrogen yensimbi, ukufakwa | T. | 2. | 390. | 780. |
| I-Metallic Effered Sheet | M2. | 320. | Okuqophele imali | 3840. |
| Izinkuni zeSawn | M3. | ishumi nesishiyagalolunye | 110. | 2090. |
| I-Steam, umoya namafilimu angenamanzi | M2. | 320. | 2. | 640. |
| Uhlelo lokukhipha | ukubeka esikhathini esithile | 1500. | ||
| Ukufakwa koboya obuncane | M2. | 670. | 3. | 2010. |
| Amabhulokhi e-Plastice Window (amafasitela amabili acwebezelayo acwebezelayo) | M2. | 76. | 260. | 19 760. |
| -Nke | 56300. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zomsebenzi | 44 900. | |||
| Izindleko eziphelele zezinto zokwakha | I-66900. | |||
| -Nke | 111800. |
Abahleli babonga inkampani ethi "IBabiloni" ukuze basize ekulungiseni okuqukethwe.