Izithumbi ezinde zokushisa zokushisa kwezindlu zangasese izindlu namakamelo.
I-Bullerjan isithando sokugeza
("Meta-Inzh", Russia)
Izimbobo zokufaka ezi-1,3 kanye nezitolo zamapayipi epayipi;
2- Umlawuli we-Air Flow;
Igumbi elingu-4-Coil;
Ikhamera ye-5- DOVZHHIGA;
I-6-Chimney
Grand enkulu yomlilo enezididithi, nich, ama-arches kwi-cap. Ukufakwa okuhlanganisiwe kuvame ukusetshenziselwa igobolondo legolide
I-Fire Fire Fireboxes ifakwa kalula kuma-portals wefomu elihluke kakhulu
Isikimu sokunyakaza komoya sifudumele ngenxa yokuxhumana nebhokisi lomlilo lomlilo
Izimthelani ezinde zokuvutha zingadalelwa ama-premicals wevolumu ehluke kakhulu. Le "Crumb" ngobukhulu ingama-413040cm kuphela akwazi ukushisa igumbi ngevolumu elifinyelela ku-50m3
Umlilo "Umlilo Womlilo". Ngisho nefomu elibonakalayo elibonakalayo elivela embhoshongweni weZheelsinki
I-Corner FunLace-FirePlace ngehhavini kanye nokushisa kwephaneli yetshe le-1870kg
"Ungaphinde uphuze ezabelongweni," D.I. I-Indelaev wabhala ngasikhathi sinye, ebhekisa kokulahla ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha aluhlaza njengophethiloli. Kuyiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuthi kudamulwe ngezabelo, nemibhalo yesandla, kanye notshwala. Kepha kwabanikazi abaningi bezindlu zezwe kunezisombululo ezilula nezisebenzayo.
Ukude ehlathini, izinkuni eziningi.
(Isaga)
Impilo futhi uphumule emvelweni low, unyaka nonyaka uheha inani elandayo lezakhamizi, adiniwe ngokuxabana nomsindo wama-megacities. Isibhedlela, izithombe zokwalusa zempilo yasemakhaya zizophanga ngokusobala ukuntuleka kwamanethiwekhi okuthola ukushisa. Hhayi kuwo wonke ama- "Paradise Corner" Isifundazwe Sethu Singugesi Olukhulu. I-SlogyCity yisimo kangcono, kepha iningi lamagridi wamandla asemakhaya awakwazi ukubekezelela umthwalo we-2,5-3 kw, namandla adingekayo ezindlini zokushisa ugesi ama-Kilowatt. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi bezindlu eziningi baphoqeleka ukuthi basebenzise amafutha angenisiwe-diesel, amalahle, izinkuni. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokugcina zibonakaliswa ekufinyeleleni okushibhile futhi okugcwele. Izindawo zokutholwa zibavumela ukuba basebenzise ngokusebenza kahle okukhulu.
Ukudansa kusuka ...
Izimgcwabe zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi bonke abakhiqizi bokushisa ngaphandle kwamahembe amanzi asebenza ngophethiloli oqinile. Inzuzo eyinhloko yesithunzi sabo ukunye ukuzimela okuphelele kokusetshenziswa. Maye, inqubo yamabhokisi omlilo wesithombe sanamuhla kakhulu kunzima kakhulu kunokugcina i-boiler efudumele esebenza kugesi eyinhloko (mayelana nezinhlobo zokushisa ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni esithi "izicishamlilo zokushisa"). Ukwenza lula impilo yabanikazi bamadivayisi anjalo, ezindlini zezindlu zisebenzisa ama-ovens nezindawo zokucima umlilo, ezikwazi ukusebenza kwimodi yokushisa isikhathi eside futhi zihlukaniswe ukusebenza kahle (hhayi ngaphansi kwama-70-80%). Leli zinga lokusebenza kahle liqinisekisa ukuthi izinkuni ngeke zichithwe, ekushiseni umkhathi. Sisho lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izimfanelo ezivuthayo, izicishamlilo ezivuthayo kanye nezitofu ze-masonry eziqongelela ukushisa.Ngomphefumulo
Imvamisa abanikazi bamakhethini bakhetha izitofu izinkuni kanye nezindawo zokucima umlilo ezivela ekucabangeni ngobuhle. Ngisho nasebukhoneni bohlelo lwesimanje kakhulu lokushisa, igumbi lokuhlala lingahlobisa indawo yomlilo enezinwele ezinokhuni, hhayi ngokwezomnotho, noma ngabe kungenjalo ukufudumala, kodwa kodwa ngenxa yomphefumlo. Izithelo zesimanje nezindawo zokucima umlilo ezivuthayo zenza ukuthi zikwazi ukuhlanganisa okumnandi nosizo- ekhaya ukufudumeza, futhi kujabulise ilangabi, hhayi ukubeka ingxenye elandelayo yezicishamlilo njalo ngomzuzu. Ukuqedwa okwengeziwe kwezindlu zesithando kuthayela noma endaweni yomlilo kuzonikeza igumbi ukubukeka okuthokomele ngokwengeziwe.
Zonke izinto ezikhona zingahlukaniswa ngokuqokwa (ukufudumeza, ukupheka, ukugeza it.d.), izinto ezibonakalayo (izitini (izitini, insimbi futhi ngaphandle kwawo), uhlobo lwamafutha, kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza. Akuwona wonke amadivaysi alolu hlobo enzelwe ukushiswa isikhathi eside. Ngokusho, ngokwesibonelo, i-French Standard NFD 3537 noma iJalimane Din 18891, izinsiza zokucima umlilo zihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: okuhlobisa; Umkhuhlane obambe umkhuhlane ongaphansi kwamahora ayi-10 (lapho ubeka uphawu kwingxenye eyodwa yamafutha); Ukuvutha okude, okungukuthi, ukubamba ukushisa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayi-10. Ngasikhathi sinye, amandla okushisa wamadivayisi avuthayo amahora angu-10 akufanele ancishiswe ngaphezu kwama-50% (DIN 18891) avela kumandla alinganiselwe. Okushiwo amandla aphakathi alinganiswe ngokuhlolwa kwamahora amathathu - asikho isidingo sokudideka ngamandla aphezulu (alinganiswe imizuzu engu-15), okungaba ngaphezulu kaningana. Cishe okufanayo, izimlilo ezivuthayo ezinde zibizwa ngokuthi amadivaysi ahlukahlukene akwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa elinethezekile kusuka kumahora angama-2-3 kuya kwangama-4-5 kuncike ekukholweni okuhle kwabakhiqizi nabathengisi.
Uthule, uzoba mude
Izithonjana nezindawo zokucisha umlilo zingenziwa zombili ezimweni zefektri (zilungele ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele, nge-cast iron noma izindlu zensimbi), nangesimo se-brick masonry, i-master-kubu ikhona ngqo. Imvamisa isetshenziswa kanye nendlela ehlanganisiwe lapho igumbi elisebenzayo elenziwa ezimweni zefekthri lifakwe kwizitini. Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo. Amadivaysi ensimbi avame ukuba yincane ngesisindo futhi angafakwa emakhoseweni abuthakathaka ngokwanele, ngokwesibonelo, esitezi sesibili sendlu yezwe elikhanyayo. Lawa madivayisi afudunyezwa ngokushesha, kepha "agcine ukufudumele" okubangelwa yimibi, kungenxa yesisindo sabo esanele. Manje, kuyaziwa ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, kuhhavini waseRussia ngisho nokusebenza kahle okuphansi kakhulu, kuyakwazi ukugcina ukushisa kokumiswa. Amamodeli wensimbi e-Factory Design ngemuva kokuvuselelwa kwamafutha apholile ngokweqiniso ngehora. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukukhetha idivaysi yokushisa kuya ngokuthi abanikazi bavakashela kanjani indlu yezwe. Ukuvakasha kwesikhashana esifushane, kudingeka isitofu esifudumele ngokushesha (lokhu kungaba bobabili i-bourgeitogo ejwayelekile nedivayisi evuthayo) noma indawo yomlilo evulekile. Ukuze uthole indawo yokuhlala unomphela, kudingeka ukwakhiwa kwama-masonry noma kudivayisi yokuvutha isikhathi eside.
Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesizukulwane sokushisa kutholakala ngenxa yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, amamodeli wediphozithi, ngokwesibonelo, ajwayele ukwenziwa ushintsho ekwakhiweni kwesiteshi sesiteshi Smoke (ukujikeleza kwentuthu), lapho ingxenye eyinhloko yenqubo yokushintshanisa ukushisa igesi eshisayo inika amandla emzimbeni nasemoyeni obandayo ezungeze . Ukwenza ngcono ukushintshaniswa kokushisa, uhlelo lwenziwa ngenguquko ehlukahlukene, ngeziteshi ezivundlile nezimi mpo. Iziteshi ezinjalo zobude obukhulayo zivumela ukuhlinzeka ngokudluliswa kokushisa okufanayo nokulahleka okuncane kokushisa, ezindiza "ngokuziqhenya" (okuningi kulokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngezansi). Okunye ukuthuthukiswa kokuqeqeshwa kwegesi ukuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa abakhiqizi begesi efektri.
Kungani "akhiqize igesi"?
Ama-Feres generator kagesi asebenza angasebenza njengesiqinisekiso esibonakalayo senkulumo ethi "okungcono okuncane, yebo kungcono." Ngempela, ekuhambeni komsebenzi, umlilo awunakuphazanyiswa kanzima kunikeza ukushisa okuningi kakhulu kunele "elinobudlova" elinodlame. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinkuni esithandweni sezindlela zokushisa eziphakeme zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokungathandeki komoya-mpilo kucishe kuguqulwe ngokuphelele kugesi okuthiwa yi-flue (inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yekhabhoni ye-carbon, i-methane, i-hydrogen nezinye izingxenye). Le gesi, nayo, yakha ukushisa okuningi ngesikhathi sokuvutha. U-ISOONE OKUKHANYA KAKHULU kushiswe cishe ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, kudliwa kahle kakhulu. Kungakho ukusebenza kahle kwamaGewu generator phesheya kwama-40-50% aphakeme kunalezo zezitolo ezijwayelekile. Lawa madivayisi anenye izinzuzo. Ngakho-ke, izinkuni kumodi kubunjiwe kancane, okuvumela ukugcina imodi ende yokuvutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwinqubo yokusebenza, kunomlotha omncane futhi ungcolisa umoya wamakhompiyutha aguqukayo - isitofu "sentuthu" sibuthakathaka kakhulu.
Ukusebenza kwimodi yesizukulwane segesi (noma, njengoba besho, kwimodi yokungezwani), kunikezwe amakamelo amabili kuma-fondander-gas generator, ngokubeka uphethiloli, futhi phezulu, igumbi lokusinda. Izinkuni zibekwa egumbini elingaphansi, zithathiwe, futhi phakathi nemizuzu yokuqala eyi-10-20, idivaysi isebenza ngemodi ejwayelekile. Kuhlala kuze kube yilapho i-movie ichithwe ngokuphelele. Lapho-ke izimbobo zezobuchwepheshe, ngosizo lokungena khona nokuphuma komoya kulungiswa, zimboziwe. Amaphupho avumelekile avela ezinhlamvu ezijwayelekile, amadivayisi wegesi angenayo "i-classic", lapho kukhona khona umoya omkhulu ozongena egumbini lokungena emhlandla, kepha uhlome ngesilawuli somoya esingenayo (umlawuli wamandla -Gasifier). Umnyango umbozwe ngokuqinile, futhi ukugeleza komoya ngokusebenzisa ama-slots kuncane. Izinkuni ziqala bushelelezi. Amagesi abunjiwe aqhamuka egumbini eliphezulu, lapho ekugcineni ashiswa ngenxa yemijovo ekhethekile, engeza indiza yomoya kusuka ngaphandle ukuze ushise amagesi kaphethiloli kulesi sitsha.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-oveni ejwayelekile ayikwazi ukusebenza njenge-generator yegesi, noma ngabe umoya ubhekene nokufinyelela kuwo ngokungena ngokungemthetho nokuphuma nge-chimney. Amagesi aphumela ngeke asinde futhi engcono kakhulu 'azohamba' ku-chimney emkhathini, futhi okubi kakhulu - angena emnyango ovalwe kakhulu egumbini. Kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba imikhiqizo yokuhlanza iyingozi kakhulu empilweni yabantu nasempilweni, ikakhulukazi, i-carbon monoxide (i-carbon monoxide). Ukufa okuqala kusuka e-Ugon ngenxa yokusebenza okungafanele kwendawo yokusebenza kwakuvame kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, akunakukwazi ukuzanywa ngamadivayisi ajwayelekile, uzama ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwawo kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza ngosizo lwegesi!
Isikimu sokufaka sabakhiqizi begesi isithando:
Imaka kagesi-generator ivele emakethe yaseRussia hhayi kudala, yize umgomo wokuphehla kwegesi usetshenziswa ngempumelelo kumamodeli amaningi wama-boilers aqinile asevele ama-gaz-42 iloli, elikhiqizwa ngo-1939-1946 ). Omunye wabokuqala ukumaketha imodeli yaseRussia edume kakhulu ye-Bullerjan Gas Generator (Bullerjan), yathuthukiswa eCanada eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-30 edlule. Amadivayisi anjalo atholakala hhayi eCanada kuphela, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, bebelokhu bekhiqiza iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ngaphansi kwelayisense le-EnergetEC (Canada). Abaqhudelana "Bulleyana" - AmaSukhov's Sukhov's Four athuthukiswa eRussia ("Feringer noK", Vorenezh, "Sisel" ("iSinel", "i-Camely-Build Mayak", eSt. Petrsburg ) nezinye izinto zasekhaya.
Phakathi kwawo, la madivaysi ahlukile ku-Thermal Power akhiqizwayo (kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-50 kW), lapho inani eliphakeme lendawo evuthayo lincike. Amamodeli amaningi aklanyelwe ukwakheka nendawo engama-50 kuye kwangu-1200m2. Ukusebenza kahle kwamathone akhiqizwa igesi kucishe kube ngu-70-80% - kuphakeme kunaleso sama-masonry (15-30%), futhi nangaphezulu, ngaphezu kwezindawo zokucima umlilo ezivulekile (10-15%). Enye ipharamitha ebalulekile yisikhathi esiqhubekayo sokuvutha ngemuva kokuqala kwamafutha. Leli nani lingahluka kusuka emahoreni ama-5 kuye kwayi-15. Kuya ngokwakheka kwesitofu ne-chimney, kanye nekhwalithi yokwenziwa kwensiza, ubukhulu bezikhala zobuchwepheshe kanye nezikhala lapho umoya ugeleza ngalolo moya. Indawo evuthayo yegumbi incike kwivolumu yegumbi lomlilo (kunekhamera likhulu, umthamo ovuthayo mkhulu).
Ngokuqondene nezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye amamodeli, khona-ke umehluko, okokuqala, ekwakhiweni kwezindlu kanye nedivaysi, lapho kudluliswa khona ukushisa komoya ozungezile. Ukushisa okungcono kwekamelo, amafulethi abakhiqizi begesi ahlinzekwa nge-exchanger-calorifer yokushisa. Kungaba uhlelo lwamapayipi okuhlangenweli, njengoku, ngokwesibonelo, ku-"Bullerian" Rookes: Umoya obandayo utholwe ngezimbobo eziphansi, bese kukhishwa ukufudumala kusuka ngaphezulu. Amapayipi ahlangana nesithando somlilo, ngakho-ke ngokushesha athatha ukushisa okukhiqizwayo futhi adlulisele ngokushesha emoyeni ogelezayo. Modele "Sukhov", "Emelsa", "ISinel" Umsebenzi wenkampani ophethe wenza i-casing yensimbi (igobolondo), ezungeze ingxenye yenhlanganisela yesithando esivela ezinhlangothini. Yakhiwa yigebe lomoya enyakazo elizungeze isithando somlilo esizungeze isithando somlilo, lapho, ngenxa yokusebenzisa okucatshangwayo kwezinqubo zokuxhumanisa, ukugeleza kwebhokisi lomlilo kudluliswa ngokuqhubekayo. Ukwakha okunjalo komthwali kusebenza kahle kunohlelo lwepayipi kunohlelo, kepha kulula futhi kushibhile ekwenziweni.
Ukuqina kokushisa komoya kuncike ekwakhiweni kwesithwali futhi ekugcineni ijubane lokushisa kwekamelo. Lapho kukhulu khona indawo yokushisa kwepayipi noma indawo yokuxhumana yomoya enomzimba wegumbi elisebenzayo, amazinga okushisa akhona anda. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe usebenzisa amagumbi acishe abe namandla afanayo ashisekayo, izinga lokushisa igumbi lingahluka ngezikhathi eziyi-1.5-2.
Ukuze kusebenze kahle, isithando somlilo kwesinye isikhathi sihlinzekwa nge-economizer. Kuyithuluzi lokukhethwa kokushisa okungeziwe kusuka emikhiqizweni yokuvuselelwa kwe-gaseous. Ngokomthetho wesenzo, yikhalori efanayo: igesi iphuma kuhhavini, ishisa umoya endlini.
Inkinga yawo wonke amadivaysi eGener Generator yiyona "uhlangothi olubuyiselwe emuva" komnotho wabo - okuphumayo kungugesi obandayo impela. Uma ipayipi le-chimney lingafakwanga, i-condensate ephumayo ibuyele esithandweni somlilo. Ngakho-ke, kumadivayisi anjalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amapayipi ngokufakwa kohlobo lwe- "Sandwich". Lawa amapayipi ahlanganisiwe (angaphakathi nangaphandle) ane-thermal efaka ungqimba phakathi kwabo.
Ngokwakhe, inqubo yokusebenza kwegesi generator generator iyehluka okuncane kusuka kokujwayelekile. Igumbi le-pitch libekwe ingxenye yezinkuni noma amanye amafutha, njengama-peat briquette, imfucuza yokhuni ye- Ngesenzo eside, kunconywa ukugcwalisa ngokuphelele iChamber, okungukuthi, umasiko owodwa kufanele athathe ama-80-90% wevolumu yawo. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo lophethiloli kuphela lapho kubalwa khona idivaysi. Ake sithi, esithandweni somlilo "Bulleryan" uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amalahle ansundu kuphela. Futhi, bekungabonakala i-anthracite ye-Okokuqala, kuphela engxenyeni enesihlahla futhi kuphela kumamodeli ukusuka ku-200 kuye ku-1000m3, ngoba inensimbi ephakeme kakhulu yokushisa nensimbi ingavele ijike. Amadivayisi weGener Generator awakwazi ukusebenza kwimodi yokuvutha, ayibalwa ngayo. Uthuli lwesizukulwane segesi esihlalweni se- "Bulleryan" alusetshenziswa yizihlahla, ngoba, ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamafutha ijwayelekile kuphela ku-ash cushion kuphela kuphela ku-ash cushion kuphela kuphela. Izindlu zabasebenzi begesi kagesi ezingenakufuduka ngaphezu kuka-200-250c, ngakho-ke zingumcibisholo we-fireproof kunendabuko ye-burzhuyki yendabuko. Kuliqiniso, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lezindlu alivumeli ukusebenzisa isithando somlilo njengepuleti lasekhishini.
Ngokuqondene nezindleko, ama-Foncences generator, ngaphandle kokungabaza, inketho eshibhile evela kuwo wonke amadivayisi kaphethiloli aqinile okuvutha okuvuthayo. Intengo, ngokuya ngemodeli, ingashintshashintsha kusuka ku- $ 100-150 kuya ku- $ 300-350, okuthi ngokuya nge-1 kw yamandla angu- $ 6-25.
Futhi kufudumele nokukhanya
Ngaphezu kwezinsikazi, kunezindawo zokucisha umlilo zokushiswa. Kuliqiniso, "Izicishamlilo zokushisa ezinde" - Umqondo unemibandela kakhulu, ngoba zisebenza kusuka kumthwalo owodwa womlilo isikhathi esingama-4-5. Vele, amadivayisi anjalo anebhokisi lomlilo elivaliwe akhiqiza ukushisa kaninginingi kunasendabeni yebhokisi lomlilo elivulekile, kepha izinyanga ezikhiqizwe igesi ngesikhathi sezinyathelo asaphansi. Ngakho-ke, ngokungafani namagumbi anjalo, amadivaysi anjalo awasetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zokuhlala njengamadivayisi aphambili wokushisa. Kepha zivame ukufakwa "ngobuhle", ngisho nokushisa ingadi kanye nezindlu zokuzingela. Inzuzo ebalulekile yezindawo zokucima umlilo uma iqhathaniswa nokuphrinta okuvuthayo okude - ubumbano: bangasebenza bobabili kwimodi ejwayelekile (ukufudumeza okusebenzayo) nakwezomnotho (ukufudumeza). Yebo, futhi ujabulele umdlalo we-bizarre wolimi lwaseFlame, kungenzeka kuphela ngosizo lwendawo yomlilo efakwe ingilazi enkulu (ihlinzeka ngesibukezo esihle sesithando somlilo).Ngezindawo zokucima umlilo ezivuthayo, amakamelo womlilo enziwe ngensimbi noma ngensimbi futhi ahlinzekwa ngeminyango yokuvalwa ngokuqinile ngengilazi engazweli ukushisa, ephuthelwa imisebe ye-infrared kahle. Futhi, amadivaysi ayahlonswa ngokuhlobana nge-garing flap, egcwele i-chimney. Lapho i-Power Regulator ivaliwe futhi ichopho elibunjiwe, indawo yomlilo iqala ukusebenza ngemodi, ngoba umoya ungena esithandweni senani elincane. Ukuze kube lula, ifindo lokulawula imali livame ukuthathwa emzimbeni obhekene nomzimba. Ukuze ususe ubuthi be-carbon monoxide acwasineni kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlangana, kumamodeli wanamuhla wamanani omlilo, ukuvulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-valve valve kunikezwa lapho kuvulwa umnyango.
Kukhona futhi izindela - iziciqeshi - isigaba esikhethekile samayunithi okushisa, athandwa kakhulu muva nje. Phakathi kwazo, ungabiza izimbambo ezijwayelekile ngefasitela namamodeli avuthayo. Ngokusho komklamo wayo, baphakathi kwesilinganiso phakathi kwabaphrinti bokushiswa okude nezindawo zokucima umlilo ngebhokisi lomlilo elivaliwe. Ngakho-ke, basebenzisa ikhamera ye-firecrap efanayo newindi elikhulu elinewindi elikhulu, lapho ungabheka khona inqubo yokuhlanganisa. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezindawo zokucima umlilo, izimlilo ezinjalo zihlome ngecala lensimbi elenzelwe ukulungele, elingadingi ukubhekana nezinye.
Izinkampani ezinjenge-REEN BRISACH, TINVICTA, Seguin Delteiez, Totem Fire S. A, Supra (France) kanye nePiazetta (Italy) zibandakanyeke ekukhiqizweni kwezindawo zokucima umlilo ezinde. Izinto ezivuthayo zokuvutha zenziwa nge-meta-ing ne-prokki energetk (Russia) Firms. Njengomthetho, izindawo zokucisha umlilo ezivuthayo zibiza kakhulu, inani legumbi likaphethiloli elingenisiwe lingaba ngama- $ 500 nangaphezulu, kanye nasekhaya - kusuka ku- $ 300. Ngizodinga ama- $ 700-800 ukuze "angabizi kakhulu" ukubhala. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi ngesikhathi sedivayisi enjalo endaweni yomlilo, abanikazi kufanele babeke inani elivela ku- $ 3,000. Izindawo zokucima umlilo ezishibhile zenziwe ngomumo zokukhiqizwa kweRussia ngaphandle kokubhekana. Isibonelo, imodeli "Munich" ("Prokkin Energack") izobiza abathengi cishe ama- $ 800 (ngaphandle kokufaka), kanye nezindawo zokucima umlilo "noma" i-volva "(" meta-i- ") - cishe $ 300.
Intengo ikakhulukazi incike ngosayizi wesithando, amadivaysi kanye namajamo wengilazi (imikhiqizo ye-waich esetshenzisiwe i-robelax ekhiqizwe yinkampani yaseJalimane yenkampani iSchott, ephethe amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-800c). Kunezinsizakalo ezisebenzisa ingilazi yejamo eliyinkimbinkimbi, noma, ngokwesibonelo, ngezindawo zokucima umlilo ezinezibuko ezimbili, "kusebenza" amakamelo amabili asondelene nawo. Kuthinta izindleko nokwakhiwa komnyango. Amahlobo ezilindela ezilula afakwa kuma-hinges, avule eceleni kwemigwaqo. Indlela ebizwa nge- "Guillotine" isetshenziswa kumamodeli abiza kakhulu, umnyango uvuka emaketangeni noma kumakhekhe. I-Adlya yokukhululeka kwalesi senzo isisindo sayo ilinganiselwe ngokuphikiswa. "I-Guillotine" ihlanganisa futhi yandisa ukwakhiwa kwalolokwakha, kepha iminyango efihliwe ikuvumela ukuba uthole injabulo ephelele emlilweni ophilayo.
Ukubuka ingilazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kulahla kakhulu futhi kulahlekelwa ukucaca, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusula ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze ngandlela-thile uvikele iwindi, abakhiqizi abaningi basebenzisa ukwakheka kwesithando somlilo ngokuhlanza komoya, ukuphazamisa izinhlayiya zensikazi ziwela engilazini. I-SITA Inhloso isetshenziselwa abalingani bezinkuni (izingalo zensimbi), ezingavumeli izinkuni zigoqele ewindini. Ukuhlanza ingilazi kwenziwa ngamanzi ashisayo ngokufakwa kwezinto zokuhlanza. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukulinda ukupholisa okuphelele kwawo wonke imininingwane ye-firemark.
Amabhokisi okucisha umlilo avaliwe angaba yi-cast-iron-iron (RENE BRISACH, Seguin Delteiez, Supra) nensimbi (Piazetta, iSupra). I-Steel noma i-Iron ye-Iron ayinandaba, ngoba ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu futhi impilo yenkonzo (nezindleko) zemikhiqizo cishe okufanayo. Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwesithando selubekwe ngezinsimbi zensimbi noma ze-chamotal. I-Ceramic "Ukugcwalisa" ayikho ngaphansi ezimfundweni zomzimba zensimbi eyi-cast, kepha ayishibhile.
Iningi lezindawo zokucisha umlilo zezicishamlilo ezivuthayo zineminyango enobubanzi obungama-70-80cm. Kodwa-ke, kukhona "ama-giants" kuye ku-1.5 m ububanzi, ngokwesibonelo umkhawulo 1500 (totem fires.a). Kepha ngosayizi okhulayo, intengo ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ububanzi bemililo evaliwe ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 m theorycally bungenziwa ngokulandelana, kepha intengo yabo izoba phezulu kakhulu. Amakamelo esikela umlilo anikezwa nge-ash spanking - ethosiwe (njengekhabethe) noma ngegridi yokuphakamisa. Ibha ye-Retractable Ash ilula ngokwengeziwe kumamodeli amancane, kepha izitezi ezinkulu ziphuma zinkulu kakhulu.
Ufuna indawo yomlilo yokuvutha okude, kungcono ukukhetha isithando somlilo futhi ubheke ngasikhathi sinye. Iningi labakhiqizi likhiqiza zombili izakhi ezilungele omunye nomunye ngosayizi wejometri. Uma ngasizathu simbe i-expression ihlelelwe ukuthengwa ngokwahlukana esithandweni somlilo, kuyadingeka ukucacisa abathengisi, noma ngabe amamodeli akhethiwe ayahambelana. Kungenzeka futhi ukwenza ukugcwala komuntu ngamunye - Ngokusho komdwebo wayo noma okunjalo kuzolingana kahle ekwakhiweni kwekamelo (izinsizakalo ezinjalo kuhlinzeka, ngokwesibonelo, ochwepheshe abavela kumafemu "indawo yomlilo"). Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungacabangi ukuthi izindleko zebhokisi lomlilo, ukungcola kanye nanoma yisiphi iyunithi yokushisa akuyona yonke. Ukucwila kakhulu, futhi ngaphandle Kwakhe zonke lezi zitovevu ezinhle nezindawo zokucima umlilo akusebenzi. Kepha sizokhuluma ngedivaysi yama-chimneys manje, kepha esihlokweni esihlukile.
I-Stone Stone Stone
Amadivayisi we-Masonry awakwazi ukuncintisana namamodeli wegesi wegesi noma izikhala zokucima umlilo ngesilinganiso sokushisa komoya egumbini ngemuva kokukhishwa. Futhi ngokuvamile, baphakamisa indlela ehluke ngokuphelele yokusebenza - isitofu siqala ukunyathela ekwindla nasekuqedeni entwasahlobo. Uma, ngokwesibonelo, kuvuse i-oveni yaseRussia, ukufudumeza ngokuhlukile nokuyipholisa, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kulungiswe ebusweni futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi kulungiswe kabusha. Ngakho-ke, into esemqoka yokuthi ama-agregates anjalo yikhono lokuqongelela, gcina ukushisa. Ukuze benze lokhu, zenziwa ezinkulu phakathi kwazo akuzona ezijwayelekile "Head Heandweight" ngamathani amaningana.
I-oveni yaseRussia yendabuko, eyedwa evela ezitini ezibomvu, inenqwaba yamathani angama-5-7. Le yithuluzi le-Universal elivumela hhayi kuphela ukuhlala ekhaya, kodwa futhi nokulungiselela ukudla. Isibhedlela, ukwakhiwa kwesithando somlilo esinjalo, singabandakanyi ubukhona bokujikeleza kwentuthuko, akuhlinzeki ngokushisa phansi kwama-maronry kanye nomoya endaweni eseduze kwayo kuhlala kubanda. Yebo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokubuyiselwa kokushisa phakathi kwesithando sendabuko saseRussia kuncane, ukusebenza kahle kuse-20-30%. Ngakho-ke, abaklami bathuthukiswa (futhi bathuthukiswa ngalokhu) Izinketho ezahlukahlukene zamadivayisi we-masonry we-design ethuthukisiwe: ngeziteshi zentuthu ezitholakala ngokuvundlile ("izikulufu") kanye nokunye (ama-Wells "); ngesiteshi esisodwa noma esiningi, esiseduze; Ngokugoba kweziteshi eziningana, njengokungathi kugoqwa yi-harmonica (ijika eliningi) nangokugoba okukodwa (ama-rector-rectal); Ngaphandle kweziteshi zokubhema, kepha nge-cap ethe xaxa "cap." Njengomthetho, amamodeli anjalo anezomnotho futhi afudumele ngokulinganayo. Kuliqiniso, kuyadingeka ukuqonda: ukukhuphuka kobude beziteshi kanye nenani lokujikaji kwazo kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwe-velocity yomoya ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.
Ngobulukhuni obukhulu bezindonga ze-chimney ezingezenzeke kakhulu, kungenzeka ukusheshisa ukuwa eziteshini zasenkulisa. Ngakho-ke, kumishini yentuthu eyinkimbinkimbi, kuyadingeka ukuvala kahle ikhwalithi yobumbano nokubumbana kokuqeda (mayelana nezicishamlilo ze-masonry nama-chimneys, batshelwa kule ndatshana.
"Umlilo, izinkuni namapayipi okubhema ..."). Isibhedlela, akuwona wonke ama-liverving wanamuhla aneziqu ezanele (ikakhulukazi uma sibheka ukuthi iningi lemililo elethwa yizo lenza imisebenzi yokuhlobisa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimfanelo ezinezingubo zokubhema zokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kunzima kakhulu ukuzihlanza kwa-soot.
Iningi lezinkozo zamatshe zitholakala kumaphrojekthi ngamanye, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi kuvela ukufaka imodeli eyenziwe ngomumo ekwakhiweni kwekamelo. Kusuka kumafemu ababandakanyeka ekukhiqizweni kwezimpahla ezingama-masonry, ungasho i-kaminspetstroy, "agroproekt", kanye nenkampani ye-glenrich, esebenza ngamathayili abheke izicishamlilo kanye nezinsimbi. Phakathi kwamadivayisi akhiqizwa yindlela yefektri, imakethe ikhombisa imodeli yenkampani yaseFinland Tulikivi. Itshe elibizwa nge- "Pot Stone" - I-Talc Chlorite iyasetshenziswa. Inamandla okushisa aphezulu kakhulu - amahlandla ayi-2,5 akhulu kune-BRICK. Ngenxa yalokhu, amamodeli we-tulikivi abonakala ngokuhlanganiswa okukhulu kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezindawo zezitini futhi zingafakwa ngisho nasemakamelweni amancane. Ngemuva kokuphela kwesithando somlilo, i-talc chlorite evuthayo iqokomisa ukushisa kwe-12-36h, kuya ngesisindo sendawo yomlilo. I-ACAP yamadivayisi anjalo afinyelela kuma-80-88%. Izindleko zeLunga (Ngokubambisana nokufakwa), kuya ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo nosayizi wemodeli, $ 2000-3000 noma ngaphezulu.
Ngokuvamile, kukholelwa ukuthi amatshe amatshe anikeza ukushisa okuthe xaxa kunezinto zensimbi, ngoba ingaphezulu alishisi kakhulu futhi alitholi "umoya. Ukungathandeki kwawo wonke amadivayisi amakhulu kunesidingo sokufakwa esisekelweni esithembekile, esihlala isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kuyadingeka ukubonisana nesibindi, okufanele uhlole indawo yokufaka.
Vele, hhayi kuphela izimfanelo zokushisa ezidinga umnotho. Umgomo wokuqonyulwa kokushisa usetshenziselwa amakamelo okugeza, futhi ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamafutha kucatshangwa kumadivayisi amaningi okupheka. Kepha sizotshela ngalezi zinto ezihlaluliwe ezincwadini ezilandelayo.
Abahleli babonga inkampani "izicishamlilo izicishamlilo kanye ne-tulikivi", "ithoni yezobuciko", "prokki energetk", i-glenrich, ihhovisi elimele i-supra eRussia ukuthola usizo.