Umshuwalense Wezikweletu Ezenhlalo ngesikhathi Sokwakhiwa kabusha kwezakhiwo zokuhlala nokusebenza kwazo.
Njalo ngomzuzu sizizwa sinomthwalo wemfanelo: izingane, abazali asebekhulile, izilwane ezifuywayo ezinemilenze emine. Ukhathazekile, noma ngabe kwenzeka kanjani ingozi. I-Aesley ikhefu ekhaya iBrigade Workers enza ukulungiswa, futhi uzohlanya nakancane. Akwanele ukuthi ifulethi lizonqoba, ngakho-ke lizogcwalisa nabanye. Kusetshenziswa omakhelwane kuzodingeka ... Kungenzeka yini ukususa ezinye zezinkinga futhi uzivikele ezindlekweni ezingalindelekile? Ochwepheshe babhekene nemibuzo yabahleli.
Iqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi sokungabikho kwendlu, ukuzola, ngeke kuvikeleni ukuxhaphaza izindlu zakhe nezinto ezikulo, kwathiwa ngalesi sihloko esithi "kude, ukukhathazeka!". Izinto ezibonakalayo zazinikelwe ezinkingeni zomshuwalense wempahla. Namuhla sifuna ukukhuluma ngezinye izinhlobo zemishuwalense ezimbili zomshuwalense, ezihlobene eduze nalezo ezichazwe esihlokweni esedlule. Lesi yisikweletu sabanikazi babanikazi, abaqashi kanye nabaqashi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezakhiwo zokuhlala kanye nesikhathi sabo (ukuhlelwa kabusha). Isikweletu sombango sisho isibopho sokulimala wena njengomshuwalense kungadala impilo, impilo noma impahla yabantu besithathu ebizwa ngokuthi abahlomulayo. Bangaba ubuso obungokomzimba (omakhelwane bendlu, izivakashi zomakhelwane, abadlulayo ngokungahleliwe kanye nabanye abantu) kanye nakwabanye (inkampani yezentengiselwano (yezentengiso, isitolo esisesitezi sokuqala noma eduzane). Insurance of Civil Liability ikuvumela ukuthi uguqukele emahlombe enkombeni yomshuwalense Isinxephezelo somonakalo ongahlosile (!) Sabambisa laba bantu noma izinkampani. Ngokufanekisa nge-Osago (umshuwalense ophoqelekile wesibopho esine-autocartred), khokha omakhelwane efulethini bamanzi kusuka kumanzi akho anephutha (funda "ngemoto etholwe ngenxa yephutha lakho"), awuyena wena , nomshuwalense wakho.
Manje zombili izinhlobo ezishiwo zomshuwalense wesibopho aziphoqelekile. Kepha ngo-Agasti, emhlanganweni onezintatheli, umqondisi woMnyango Wezezindlu woMnyango Wezimboni kanye neqembu lamaKhomanisi eMnyangweni Wezimboni uRf Sergey Kruglik uthe ukwethula uhlelo lokuphoqelelwa Isikweletu kwabanikazi beRussia bezindlu. Vele, ngaphambi kwalokho, ochwepheshe besikhathi eside bakholelwa ukuthi kuqala ukuthola izindlela ze-CTP, ngemuva kwalokho kuzokwenzeka ngezindlu.
Ukukhishwa kwe-ASTRACISITIL KWAMAHHALA ekufezeni ukuhlelwa kabusha (ukwakhiwa kabusha) kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, kunalokho, sekuvele kusondele kakhulu kulabo bahlali bezinhloko-dolobha, abanquma ukubhekana kakhulu noshintsho efulethini labo. Ukuya eKhomishini ye-Moscow Interdepartmental yeKhomishini Yokuxazulula Ukuvuselelwa kabusha akunangqondo uma ungenayo inqubomgomo yomshuwalense efanelekile. Nawena wena noma inkampani esiza ekwakheni imibhalo edingekayo ngeke ilindele ukuthandwa yizikhulu. Ukuthengwa okuhlukile kwenqubomgomo, kukuvumela ukuthi uthole "okuhle" ekwakheni kabusha - ukuqoqa izivumelwano ezibhaliwe olungiselelwe ngezakhamuzi eziningi zezakhiwo zasefulethini, kubukeka sengathi zombili zizokwenziwa. Ngokomthetho weMoscow Nombolo 22 ka-Ephreli 7, 2004. Kubonakala amadokhumenti amabili kuphela: imvume ebhaliwe kubanikazi besakhiwo sesakhiwo sokuhlala noma isikweletu somshuwalense wombango.
Umshuwalense wesibopho sezindlu
Izingozi zezinhlelo zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, ukufudumeza nokukhuculula indle, ukuvalwa kwendle, ukuqhuma kwe-wiring kagesi nokuqhuma kwegesi yezindlu kwenzeka emakhaya nasezindlini ezesabisayo njalo. Abantu abathukuthelisa abantu abanjengalawana amacala bahola okuqabukelayo, kepha impahla ihlushwa cishe njalo. Zazise lesi simo: Ngenkathi kwakungekho muntu ekhaya, ifulethi lakho lishiswe ngokuphelele futhi wahlala emkhombeni ophukile. Futhi kusuka emlilweni, hhayi kuphela umndeni wakho, kodwa futhi nabaqashi bezinye izindlu balimele: Kwaqhamuka umlilo wawuthinta izitezi eziningana, futhi abacishi bomlilo abanamandla bagcwala futhi bagcwala ngamanzi namagwebu kanye nodonga lwabo, nezinye izindonga zalo, phansi, ifenisha, izinto zasendlini kanye nemishini. Ngubani ozokhokha omakhelwane? Wena (hhayi hob, dez nezinye izinhlangano)! Noma inkampani yomshuwalense uma uthenge inqubomgomo yomshuwalense wokuzibophezela ngaphambi kokusebenza kwezindlu.I-Avot iyasabisa kakhulu, kepha icala elijwayelekile. Abasebenzi benkampani yomshuwalense "imvume" batshelwa: "Ngenxa yokuvuza emapayipi okushisa avela kumshuwalense wethu, owathenga inqubomgomo yomshuwalense wesikweletu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwendlu, lapho kwakukhona khona indawo yokuhlala Omakhelwane abathintekile abangama- $ 1830.
Kungenzeka yini ukufaka isikweletu somphakathi ekusebenzeni kwezindlu? Ngabe kuzoba nokuthengwa kwemali engenalutho?
UDmitry Maslov, inhloko yeRosgossTrakhh Property Projert Center, uMongameli Womshuwalense: "Inqubomgomo Yomshuwalense iyisiqinisekiso sokuthi ngomonakalo wempahla yakho engalindelekile, futhi zonke izindleko zizobuyisa inkampani yomshuwalense. Ku Icala - linxephezela umonakalo komakhelwane abahlukunyezwa ngephutha lakho. Ngabe lokhu kungabizwa ngokuthi yimali ebikho? Le mali ikhokhelwe ukuthula kwengqondo, uma umcimbi womshuwalense engafikanga, noma umshuwalense womshuwalense ekwenzeni womcimbi womshuwalense, kufanele uqonde. Lokho lapho kufakwa amafulethi, izimo ezivame kakhulu zilinyazwa yindawo yomakhelwane kanye nempahla yomakhelwane abangezansi. Amathuba okubalwa kwalesi simo. Phezulu, futhi ngumshuwalense wesikweletu somphakathi ukumboza ukulahleka. Ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lomshuwalense lungaba igama elinye lemakethe emshuwalense ofunwa kakhulu. "
U-Elena Fokina, umnyango womshuwalense wezakhiwo zomshuwalense womshuwalense "ojwayelekile - indawo yokuhlala": "Ngesikhathi sokuxhashazwa kwezindlu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kungaqhamuka izimo ezingalindelekile, ngenxa yokuthi omakhelwane bangavela ngokuphelele kunengqondo ukufuna isinxephezelo ngomonakalo. Akungafakwanga, okuzovela esimweni sokungqubuzana, esingafinyelela esimweni sempilo yangempela. Iklayenti lethu livikelekile ekusebenzeni kwe- $ 10,000, ukukhokha umshuwalense $ 100. Umshuwalense lapho ungekho khona: waphula ipayipi ekhishini, futhi waqeda hhayi kuphela efulethini lomshuwalense, kodwa futhi ezitezi ezimbili eziphansi ngezansi. Sikukhokhile kanjani i- $ 8,000 omakhelwane. Ungacabangi kanjani ngakho, thatha kanjani Ukuzibophezela Kwezindawo Zesithathu Ngokwethu noma Ukuyiguqula ENkampani Yomshwalense! Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphakathi wethu womshuwalense ngeke unxephezele izindleko zesisulu, kodwa, uma kunesidingo yethula izintshisekelo zabanomshuwalense enkantolo. "
Ingabe umshuwalense wesikweletu somphakathi ekusebenzeni kwezindlu ngohlobo oluzimele lomshuwalense? Zinjani izinhlobo ezimbili zomshuwalense wezakhiwo kanye nesikweletu sombango?
UDmitry Maslov: "Isikweletu seklayenti singavinjelwa sobabili ngokwehlukana nakwinkimbinkimbi ngempahla. Ngasikhathi sinye, umshuwalense ophelele wehlisa izindleko eziphelele zempahla yeklayenti. Cabanga ngalesi simo: Ipayipi nefulethi liphulwe efulethini lamanzi eklayenti ethu alimele hhayi kuphela impahla yakhe yasekhaya futhi liqede kakhulu, langena emafulethini amabili alungisiwe, kodwa ligcwele amakamelo amabili ngasikhathi sinye futhi libangela ukulimala okukhulu kwimpahla yabo. Inani eliphelele le Ukulimala kudlule ama-ruble angama-600,000. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kwengxenye yazo kukhokhwa komakhelwane kwinqubomgomo yomshuwalense we-Civil Liability, "okusele yiklayenti kwinqubomgomo yomshuwalense wezakhiwo."
U-Elena Fokina: "Isikweletu somphakathi se-Tenant yinto ezimele yomshuwalense. Kungavikeleka umshuwalense kwinqubomgomo ehlukile nakwindawo efulethini (izinto ezakhiwe, ukuqeda noma kuqhutshwa impahla) - kulo lonke uhlobo lwe Umshuwalense uzobiza iklayenti elishibhile. "
Ngokuphisise, yizici nezinzuzo zemikhiqizo yomshuwalense enikezwa yinkampani yakho kubanini bamanye izindlu nabaqashi?
I-Dmitry Maslov: "I-RosgossTrakhH Company inikeza amakhasimende njengemikhiqizo yomshuwalense olula (kusuka kulayini we-" Express ") nezinhlelo ezibanzi", ungakhetha ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqinisekise ekhaya lakho, kusuka kulokho okungalindele Izimo zokumvikela nokuthi zingakanani okufanele zikukhokhele konke lokhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo idonswa emizuzwini embalwa - ngaphandle kwesicelo esibhaliwe seklayenti, ngaphandle kokulungiswa komhlobiso ongaphakathi nempahla yasekhaya. Lapho Imikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu- indlela eyodwa yeklayenti ngalinye ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukuvikela umshwalense ofanele. "
U-Elena Fokina: "Umshuwalense uhlala unikezwa amathuba okukhetha kusuka ezikhethweni eziningana, kuya ngosayizi wezomshuwalense." I-Standard-Reserve "inikeza uhlobo ezimbili ezihlukile zezinkontileka:" Inqubomgomo ye-Classic "ne" kucatshangelwa yonke imikhuba kanye nezifiso zeklayenti, futhi inqubomgomo "esheshayo" isiza ukonga isikhathi sayo nezindlela zakhe. Ngokuxhumana nenkampani yethu, uthola ithuba lokuqinisekisa impahla ngenyanga eyodwa Kuwonyaka kusuka engcupheni yomshuwalense wangempela kuwe, xoxa ngezinguquko kwinqubo yesivumelwano somshuwalense (ukwanda kwesamba somshuwalense, ukushintsha indawo nomshuwalense we-IT, ukwenza inkokhelo ngokufakwa, ukwenza inkokhelo ngezitolimende, ukuphetha nge Inkontileka kanye nesibopho somshuwalense wepropathi ohlanganisiwe. "
Yiziphi izingozi "ezithandwa kakhulu"? Vele, umlilo namanzi (yile ndlela umshuwalense asho ngayo). Umshuwalense futhi ungaqhutshwa ephaketheni eliphelele lengozi: Ngaphezu komonakalo wohlu olubhalwe phansi, olwenziwe ngomshini, izenzo ezingekho emthethweni zabantu besithathu kanye nezinye, ezikhethekile, njengobuphekula zivame ukungezwa lapha. (Mayelana nakho konke lokhu maqondana nomshuwalense wempahla umagazini wethu otshelwe ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni esidlule ngalesi sihloko.) Lapho inani lengozi ebekiwe, ngokwemvelo, ngaphezulu kwezindleko zenqubomgomo.
Izinkampani ezisizayo (okusho ukuthi "uRosno", "amasango we-Spasskit", "evamile-Reserve", "Max", "i-Alfastrakhanie", "Vumela", "Vumela" kanye nabanye abaningi) Umshuwalense wendawo yokuhlala unjengohlelo oluhlukile. Kodwa-ke, umthwalo wemfanelo uvame ukungavikeleki ngokwahlukana. Ngezimpendulo zochwepheshe, ngo-80-90% wamacala, indawo ethengiswayo inomshuwalense ngasikhathi sinye (kwesinye isikhathi impahla eshukumisayo etholakala ngaphakathi) kanye nomsebenzi wokusebenza kwayo.
Usayizi we-premium yomshuwalense, okungukuthi, izindleko zenqubomgomo zincike kwinani le-sum emshuwalense futhi lifinyelela ezinkampanini ezahlukene kusuka ku-0.7 kuya ku-1% yayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthwalo wabo wemfanelo kubantu besithathu ngo- $ 10,000, udinga ukukhokha u- $ 70-100 ngenqubomgomo yonyaka owodwa. Umgomo wama- $ 20,000 ngesikhathi esifanayo esenziwayo uzokubiza u- $ 140-200 IT.D.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zomshuwalense we-Civil Weability ezinikeza inkampani yakho?
UDenis Zenka, inhloko yephrojekthi yesikhungo somshuwalense wesikweletu senkampani: "Inkampani yethu inikezela ngezinhlelo ezintathu zomshuwalense wezezimali. Umkhiqizo oyisisekelo "Ukuzibophezela komqashi" kuvumela iklayenti ukuthi ligweme ukulahleka okungenzeka ngenxa yokulimaza abantu besithathu ekunakekelweni, kanye nasemsebenzini wokuqeda, ukulungisa noma ukuhlela kabusha kuyo. Umshuwalense wesibopho wenza ukuthi kungenzeka, ngemuva kokukhokha okungelutho uma kuqhathaniswa nosayizi womonakalo ongaba khona kwisamba, ukuguqula zonke izindleko zenkampani yomshuwalense.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinikeza umkhiqizo womshuwalense ohlanganisiwe "Megapolis". Loluhlaka lungathembela engcupheni yengozi yesikweletu kanye nempahla (izinto zokuklama, ukuqeda, imishini yobunjiniyela, impahla eshukumisayo) nezilwane ezifuzayo. Ekugcineni, sinomkhiqizo womshuwalense, okuyinto entsha emakethe yaseRussia, yize izifaniso zayo zithandwa kakhulu entshonalanga. Ibizwa ngokuthi "ukuzethemba" futhi ihlinzekela ukumbozwa kwazo zonke izingozi ezihambisana nesikweletu somphakathi: isibopho sabanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala noma zokuhlala (efulethini, igalaji), abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo kanye nezibhamu ezineminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-14 Ubudala kanye nezinye izingozi. Uhlelo lusebenza emhlabeni wonke, ngaphandle kwezindawo zempikiswano ezihlomile. Ukuba ngumuntu obambe iqhaza, uzozizwa uvikelekile ezimweni ezingalindelekile, noma ngabe ungaphandle kwezwe lethu. Izinqubomgomo ezinjalo zibizwa nge- "UMBROLLA", njengoba zimelela uhlobo lwezambulela ezivikela izinkolelo zokwenziwa kuzo zonke izingozi ezingenzeka. "
Yiziphi izingozi ocabanga kaningi?
UDenis Zenka: "Izingozi ezivame kakhulu ezikhonjiswe ezinhlanganweni eziningi zomshuwalense - zidala ukulimala kubantu besithathu (omakhelwane) ngenxa yemililo nemililo. Imililo, yize kuyaqabukela, kwenzeke Impilo nempahla yabantu abalimaza kakhulu, ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki bezomshuwalense bazama ukubavikela. Ama-bays avela ngenxa yokulimala noma ukufakwa okungafanele kwezinhlelo zokushisa nezinhlelo zamanzi, ikakhulukazi ezenzakalo. Inkampani eyakheka kakhulu Kufika kuma-90% wezimangalo zomshuwalense (, kunjalo, kumayelana nomshuwalense wempahla yempahla kanye nomsebenzi wezemisebenzi), lapho kwakukhokhwa khona ukubuyiselwa kwemali, okubangelwa isenzo samanzi. "
Ukuzibophezela lapho kufeza imali esetshenzisiwe
Ngakho-ke, ukhulelwe ukulungiswa ngokuvuselelwa kabusha kwefulethi. Inhloso yalezo zinguquko ezinjalo zomhlaba wonke ihlala isifiso sokuphila kangcono, ntofontofo, xaxa, sihle, sihle, sihle, sihle kakhulu. Ukungena endleleni yezinguquko ezinkulu ekhaya lakho, ungaqala ukugcona i-balcony, uthathe indawo yokufaka amapayipi, ukufudumeza, ukufudumeza noma izinto zokugeza, ukuhambisa noma ukuhlukaniswa kwamathoyilethi, ukubekezelela wamakamelo anoshintsho noma ngaphandle kwezinguquko ohlelweni lwezokuxhumana zobunjiniyela, ukuhlanganisa indawo embalwa, ikwazi kahle indawo ye-attic ngaphezulu kwengxenye yamakamelo okuhlala enzeni izindlu ezingezelelwe izindlu noma i-attic, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuhlelwa kabusha ezenzayo akuwona owesigaba somthetho owenqatshelwe. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo ngalunye lwezinguquko ludinga izikhulu zikamasipala "ezinhle". Futhi ukuthola isinqumo sokuvuselelwa kabusha, udinga ukuqinisekisa isikweletu sakho somphakathi lapho wenza umsebenzi wokuhlelwa kabusha.
Empeleni, umshuwalense wesikweletu somphakathi lapho amafulethi akhulisa kabusha yicala elizimele lomshwalense wesibopho ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezakhiwo zokuhlala. Kepha uhlobo lokuqala lomshuwalense kufanele luqashelwe njengenkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe futhi lubiza kakhulu kunokwesibili. Yingakho. "Ubunzima" bomshuwalense wesikweletu olungisiwe awutholakali hhayi amabili, kepha izihloko ezintathu zomshuwalense: Umuntu onomshuwalense wengezwe kumnikazi wefulethi kanye nenkampani yomshuwalense, okungukuthi, inkampani yokwakha eqhuba umsebenzi ku- indawo yomshuwalense (efulethini lomshuwalense). Le nhlangano kumele ibe nelayisense yokusebenzisa imisebenzi efanele. Ngaphansi kwemibandela yesivumelwano esenziwe kulezi zimo, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, ungashintsha umuntu onomshuwalense njengomshuwalense, okungukuthi, ukushiya izinsizakalo zenkampani eyodwa futhi uqashe enye. Phezulu (ubuthi obunomshuwalense wesibopho) Izindleko zenqubomgomo yomshuwalense we-akhawunti zingenxa yokuthi kwinqubo yokwakha nokulungisa umsebenzi, amathuba womcimbi womshuwalense ayanda.
Mayelana nomshuwalense, umshuwalense kanye nabantu abavikelekile
UZinaida Vyskov, Isazi Esiyinhloko soMnyango Wezendlela Wendlela futhi sibhale phansi umthwalo weqembu le-alfactory: "Ukuze sithole imvume kwikhomishini yezindlu zesifunda eKhomishini Yezindawo Zokuhlala, umnikazi wefulethi kuzofanela afeze inombolo engcono izidingo ezibhaliwe zomakhelwane zomakhelwane zokwakhiwa kabusha, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka kuphela kubanikazi bezindlu ezingomakhelwane, kodwa futhi nenqubo yokubhaliswa kwaleyo mibhalo yinde kangaka Futhi isikhathi sokudla, okulula kakhulu ukuthola inqubomgomo yomshuwalense wesibopho sabantu besithathu lapho kuhlela kabusha izakhiwo zokuhlala - kulokhu kuvuma omakhelwane ngeke bakudinge.Usizo nesivumelwano esinqunyelwe kulezo zimo, umphenyi ungumnikazi wefulethi, kanye nenhlangano eyakhelwe umshuwalense, enza umsebenzi wokuhlelwa kabusha nokwakheka kabusha. Kulokhu, isimo esiphoqelekile senkontileka ubukhona belayisense yokwakha (ngemuva kwakho konke, ukulungiswa kabusha ngokwenziwa kabusha kubaluleke kakhulu kune-cosmetic cosmetic). Uma uqasha inkampani engenalo ilayisense elinjalo, amathuba okuthi ukulungiswa kuzokwenziwa kabi, kanye namathuba okulimaza abesithathu kuzonyuselwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kutholakale imali ephulukisa efulethini kusebenze inhlangano yokwakha ehlonishwayo, unentshisekelo kuzo zombili insured insured, kanye nenkampani yomshuwalense. Okuncane (okuqhathaniswa nezindleko ezijwayelekile zokulungisa) ukonga imali ekuqaleni kungaphenduka ukulahleka okukhulu ekugcineni.
Ngokusho komkhakha womshuwalense wesikweletu ngesikhathi sokuvuselela kabusha (ukuhlelwa kabusha) kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, ukulahleka okubangelwa abantu besithathu kumboziwe, okungukuthi, ngomakhelwane bakho, ngenxa yokushiyeka komsebenzi wokwakha. Ukwenza isibonelo, uma kwenzeka efulethini lakunye ngezansi, ngenxa yemisebenzi ye-Plumbing eyenziwe kabi (Ake sithi, ukuvuza emhlanganweni wepayipi lendle kanye ne-eyeliner eguquguqukayo kuso), inkampani yomshuwalense ibona lokhu ngomcimbi womshuwalense futhi inxephezelo ngomonakalo okubangelwa. I-Alfactor nayo ihlinzeka amakhasimende ayo nethuba lokulungisa isikhathi somshuwalense eseluliwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani izothatha amacala omshuwalense wokucabanga okwenzeka zombili ngesikhathi senkontileka, nangonyaka wonke ngemuva kokuphela komshuwalense, uma umcimbi womshuwalense wawuwo wonke umsebenzi wokwakha owenziwa ngesikhathi somshuwalense. "
Kungani ngempela manje sengibe nezinkinga ezifanele zomshuwalense wesikweletu ngesikhathi sokuvuselela kabusha emafulethini?
USergei Nikitin, inhloko yoMshuwalense Womshuwalense Wemfanelo Weqembu LaseSpace Gate: "Kunezizathu eziningana lapha. Okokuqala indawo, futhi ngokunyuka kwesikhala samahhala, kuvela imidwebo yangaphakathi , nokuhlelela ngokweqile. Lesi yisici esibonisa ukuthi abantu baqala ukuphila kangcono. Cishe noma yikuphi ukwakhiwa, izinto zokuqeda kanye nezixazululo zangaphakathi sezitholakala. Futhi ekugcineni, kunamathuluzi anamandla namuhla Vumela wonke umuntu ukuthi enze efulethini labo cishe yonke into efika engqondweni. Manje, ukuba "Bulgaria", i-disc kanye ne-many yodonga oluseduzane. Inani lodonga lwekhonkolo eliseduzane. I-cottage ngayinye, kepha efulethini efulethini, imiphumela yokuqamba okunjalo "kulula ukuyibikezela. Insimu yedolobha laseMoscow "kanye nezinguquko kanye nezengezo kulo, yamukelwa ngo-Ephreli 7, 2004, ziqondiswe nje ukunciphisa lokhu kwama-anateurness. Umshuwalense we-Civil Liability uhlinzeka ngeziqinisekiso zezezimali ezithintwe yicala uma ukulimala kusahluleka ukugwema. "
UViktor Belikov, uchwepheshe oholayo woMnyango Wezezakhiwo Inkampani ye-MAX: "Ukhuluma ukuthi manje njengoba le nkinga isifanelekile, muva nje, kwakhiwa kabusha amafulethi eMoscow kanye nesifunda . I-Sytoray enhlokodolobha. Isikweletu se-Civil kubantu besithathu ekwenzeni izakhiwo yinqubo ephoqelekile. , umnikazi wefulethi ngeke akudingeki nje hhayi axhumane nephrojekthi kuphela - ukuphathwa kokunwebeka, ukuthukuthela kanye nenkonzo yezempi kanye ne-MRS. Usazodinga ukuthola imvume yabafokazi ", okungukuthi, omakhelwane . Lokhu kudonswa yisivumelwano sesenzo esikhethekile. Kufanele kwenziwe ukunxephezela ngomonakalo ongathi umshuwalense uqinisekisa Le nkampani, lapho ifulethi elifisa ukwenza lolofulethi liphoqelekile ukuqinisekisa isikweletu sabo sabo kubantu besithathu ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokwakha. Ukuphetha inkontileka yomshuwalense, ikhophi yephrojekthi yokwengeza izakhiwo kanye nemininingwane yepasipoti yomnikazi wezezindlu iyadingeka.
Ukufundisa umthwalo wayo kubantu besithathu lapho kwenziwa kabusha (ukuhlelwa kabusha) kwezakhiwo, ukuguqulwa kabusha) kwezimo ezingenzeka ezingqubuzanayo zombili ezinezakhamizi kanye neziphathimandla, kufaka phakathi ikhwalithi yomsebenzi wokwakha, kufaka phakathi ukuqeda okuphezulu, futhi kuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphezulu kwezintshisekelo zakho zepropathi. "
Izinto ezintsha emthethweni weMoscow zingathinteka kanjani kulesi simo ngokuhlelwa kabusha kwamafulethi kwamanye amadolobha nezifunda zaseRussia?
USergey Nikitin: "Ezinye izifundo zeRussia Federation Kuzolulekwa ukuthi zamukele isipiliyoni seMoscow. Ukulawula ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezakhiwo zokuhlala kuyadingeka, ngoba umsebenzi ongagunyaziwe futhi ongalawulwa ungathinta amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabanye abaqashi. Kepha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphathwa kwezifunda kanye nezithuthi ngokwazo zinquma imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukucabanga noma yini, okuningi kuzoncika ekutheni okuhlangenwe nakho kwenhloko-dolobha kuyophumelela kangakanani. "
UVictor Belikov: "Njengoba samukele, imizamo eminingi yamukelwa kuqala enkabeni, bese isebenza kuphela emaphethelweni. Uma okuhlangenwe nakho kwenhlokodolobha kuyaphumelela, maduze, lokhu Yiqiniso, uyokwenza amadolobha amakhulu, njengeSt Petersburg, Novosibirsk, iRostov-on-Don, Kazan, Krasnodar It .. "
Kungenzeka yini ukuqinisekisa ngokwahlukana ngesikweletu sakho sombango lapho ukwakhiwa kabusha efulethini? Hlobo luni lwezinqubomgomo (zomsebenzi owakhayo, + wokuqeda + umthwalo wemfanelo noma ezinye izinhlanganisela) ezisebenzisa isidingo esikhulu enkampanini yakho?
USergey Nikitin: "Iqembu lomshuwalense" i-Spassk Groth "kusuka ngo-1999 Ikhethini lami " futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uphethe inkontileka yomshuwalense. Endabeni yemizuzu. Kepha noma yimuphi umkhiqizo omile ngamapharamitha ahleliwe usaphansi kwenqubomgomo, imigomo yethu enqunywe ngawodwana. : Ngokwehlukana ngomshuwalense wamandla kanye nempahla futhi ngokwahlukana ngesikweletu sombango. Umuntu okhanga kakhulu Izingqondo zihlala zinikeza ukuthanda umshwalense ohlukile. "
UVictor Belikov: "Lapho wenza ukwakhiwa kabusha, ungabususa kuphela umthwalo wakho wemfanelo, kodwa futhi ubungozi bokwenziwa. Kuzoqedwa ukulungiswa kwezindlu, kunengqondo izinhlelo zokuqeda umshuwalense. Izinhlelo ezikhethekile zentando yeningi Kuthuthukiswe. Ngokwesibonelo ezinhlelweni zangaphakathi, into yomshuwalense iba yimpahla yasendlini. Ngasikhathi sinye, hhayi izinto ezingaphakathi ezivinjelwe umshuwalense, kodwa futhi, lapho umcimbi uzobuyiselwa imali iklayenti kanye nezindleko zempahla elahlekile, kanye nezindleko zokulungiswa. Ukuthola inqubomgomo akudingeki. Ukuhlolwa kwento ethile yomshuwalense olandelayo uthola isaphulelo se-5% yeprimiyamu yomshuwalense ( umnikelo).
Ngokufana kanye nomehluko wezinhlobo ezimbili zomshuwalense wesibopho
U-Anna Norkequiche, inhloko yoMnyango Wokulawula Wemfanelo Wenkampani: "Umshuwalense Wezikweletu Ebabelwe - insizakalo ezimele ngokuphelele. Ungalethela indawo yakho kuphela, noma uhlanganise zombili lezi zindawo. Okwamanje kwenziwa., umshuwalense wesikweletu somphakathi wesakhiwo somqashi wesakhiwo esinjalo awehlukile emnyangweni wesikweletu wendabuko ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemali ekhokhwayo. . Iqiniso ngukuthi ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kuzosetshenziswa ku-coefficing ekhuphukayo, ngoba umsebenzi wokwakha ukhulisa amathuba womcimbi onomshuwalense. Ukulungiswa kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nomonakalo owandayo - ubude bawo bokulimala kwemishini, umlilo, ingozi yokushisa Uhlelo nezinye izinkinga kungenzeka ngokuphelele. Imvamisa kunezimo lapho ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela komsebenzi kuphula ama-valve amabhethri amasha, kungazelelwe kuqala ukugeleza nje ithangi elifakiwe, yize uthenge konke okuqinisekisiwe nakwethembekile. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi enkampanini yethu impilo yenkonzo ayixhomekile esikhathini sokulungisa, inqubomgomo yakho izosebenza okungenani kungakapheli unyaka.
Vele, njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo womshuwalense, umshwalense wesikweletu somphakathi we-Tenant uneminye imininingwane. Akukho ukuhlolwa kwale ndawo, njengasendaweni yokufaka impahla, kulokhu akudingekile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Avota kwamakamelo womakhelwane kungaba okufiseleka, yize ngokusho komthetho akunakwenzeka (empeleni, lokhu kungukucaciswa kwalolu hlobo lomshuwalense). Ukuqiniswa kokuqinisekiswa kwesimo sezindlu ezingomakhelwane kwandisa amathuba okukhwabanisa nokukhwabanisa. Ake sithi uvikeleke efulethini ngoSepthemba 1 futhi utshelwe ngalolomakhelwane kusuka phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho waqala ukwenza ukulungiswa, kwathi ngoSepthemba 20, usanda kuphonsa ama-valve emabheshi, omakhelwane ababona ngokushesha. Ngosuku olulandelayo, babika ngentubelo ukuthi ngenxa yakho bawela ekhasini sangemuva, bekuhlukaniswe kophahla lwe-IT, yize efulethini labo befika ekungathembeki kakhulu ngaphambili. Qinisekisa noma uphikise iqiniso lomonakalo komakhelwane bese unquma usayizi weqiniso wokulahlekelwa kunzima kakhulu, kepha mhlawumbe. Inkampani yomshuwalense izobandakanyeka kulokhu, futhi ivikela izintshisekelo zakho enkantolo. "
Malini inqubomgomo yomshuwalense wesikweletu sombango ngesikhathi sokuvuselela kabusha (ukuhlelwa kabusha) kwefulethi? Ngabe intengo yayo incike kuphi?
UZinaida Vyskov: "Izindleko zinqunywa ngenani le-SUMS Edidered (umkhawulo wenkampani yenkampani). Amanani ajwayelekile ezivumelwaneni ezinjalo angama- $ 10,000, izindleko zenqubomgomo enomkhawulo wesibopho senkampani ye Ama- $ 10,000 angama- $ 100-150 futhi ancike esikhathini sokulungisa ukwakhiwa kabusha, uhlu kanye nevolumu yomsebenzi wokwakha owenziwe .. "
UVictor Belikov: "Emhlanganweni wethu, amanani entela abalwa ngamunye, ngokuya ngezifiso zomnikazi wenqubomgomo futhi, ngokuya ngethonya lezezimali lomshuwalense. Amanani entengo yemali yomshuwalense. Ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezakhiwo (ngamaphesenti kusuka kwisilinganiso esivikelwe ngomshuwalense): Ukulimala ngokomzimba ku-0.84%, ukulimala kwempahla ngu-1.5%. Ngamanye amagama a- $ 10,000, wena, kuya ngo- Uhlobo lomonakalo, khokhela inqubomgomo kusuka ku- $ 84 kuya ku- $ 150. "
U-Elena Fokina: "Uma kwenzeka umshuwalense wesikweletu we-Civil ngenani lama- $ 10,000 ngesikhathi sokubamba iprimiyamu yomshuwalense efulethini (okungukuthi, izindleko zenqubomgomo zizoba ngo- $ 100-300, kuya ngohlobo nendlela ye Ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungisa, phansi kwekamelo, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwenkontileka nenhlangano yokwakha enelayisense, isikhathi somsebenzi kanye nezinye izinto zomshuwalense wezomthwalo wezomhlaba ngesikhathi sokusebenza Inani lemiklomelo engu- $ 10,000 Insurance lizoba ngama- $ 50-100, ngokuya ngokugqagqana kwezinto ezibonakalayo endlini, ukutholakala kwemvume yokwakheka okwenziwe lapho kukhiqizwa khona (ngochwepheshe noma abantu), isikhathi somshuwalense it.d. Uhlobo ngalunye lomshuwalense luzobiza elinye elishibhile elingu-30-50% uma isikweletu se-Cind siyobe sivikelwe umshuwalense kwindawo efulethini (ekwakhekayo + ukuqeda) noma impahla eqhutshwayo. "
Masithembe ukuthi umcimbi womshuwalense awusoze wenzeka kuwe. Uma edlula ngesikhathi sesenzo, inkampani yomshuwalense kuzodingeka akhokhe inxephezelo yomshuwalense kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-3-20 ngemuva kokuthola yonke imibhalo edingekayo ecaleni lomshuwalense noma ngemuva kokungena ekuphoqeleleni isinqumo senkantolo. Sizotshela izici zethu zethu kwesinye sezinombolo ezilandelayo ze-log.
Abahleli babonga iRosgossTrakhh, i-Alfastrakhovanie, "I-Standard-Reserve", "i-Spasskit", "ROSNO", "I-MAX" ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezibonakalayo.