Ukuqhubeka kochungechunge lwezincwadi mayelana nomlando wokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala: Isikhungo sokunakwa "igumbi elikhulu kunazo zonke" yigumbi lokudlela.
Photo m.Stepanov
Photo K. Manko
Kubanda, igumbi lokudlela elincane kufanele linambitheke izitsha ezingalindelekile ngesitayela se- "fusion" ngokusebenza okungajwayelekile noma okufushane "kweJapan"
Photo m.Stepanov
Ngihleli egumbini lokuhlala futhi ngibheke endaweni yokudlela ethokomele nge-buffet yendabuko, ngifuna ukubheka izindaba zeChekhov, ngibeke i-tablecloth emhlophe bese ngibeka i-samovar
Photo Garshblovsky
Leli gumbi lokudlela limnandi elingenalutho ne-gulko. Umbono awuphazanyiswa ukuhlobisa okungadingekile kanye ifenisha.
Igumbi lokudlela elimnandi lendabuko, lapho kuvela khona "ukubhaka netiye" okumnandi "okumnandi kakhulu futhi okumnandi
Photo K. Manko
Ukunyakaza okukodwa kungahlukaniswa yigumbi lokuphumula nendawo yokudlela, kuguqula irayisi kubavakashi ngokuxhumana okuphelele ngentokozo yokudla newayini elimnandi. Amathuba okunyakaza okubuyayo - ukuba nokuhamba kwengqondo
Photo m.Stepanov
Umlobi wephrojekthi wakwazi ukudala "imizwa ye-gothic" nakulesi sifo sokudlela, ukugwema ukucaphuna okuqondile noshintsho ekuhlobiseni
Photo m.Stepanov
IKhabhinethi. Ekamelweni lokudlela elinjalo, kuhle ukudla okumnandi, kodwa kwezomnotho ngesikhathi. Bese uphuthuma emibhalweni yesandla
Photo V.Noledova
Igumbi lokudlela lingokoqobo, noma lokuhlobisa. Futhi ngisho nangaphezulu okuhloswe ngakho. Kepha ukushisa kwezwe elenziwe ekhaya kutholakala ngokuqhathanisa odongeni olumhlophe kanye nobomvu obomvu "
Njengebhentshi, itafula, iwindiNgenyanga enkulu yesiliva ...
A. Akhmatova
Khohlwa yiposi elingcwele elingcwele "lapho ngiyisithulu futhi nginguye", ngaleyo ndlela sibuyela esikhathini esidlule esinesivunguvungu, lapho isidlo siphele hhayi kuphela ngamavidiyo, kodwa futhi nezingxoxo, nokucula. UFeots waseRussia uvame ukuhambisana nezinombolo ze- "Pop" ezibukekayo ezakufanele zithuthukise ukugaya. I-AVOT ethi pushkin wabhala: "Okhokho bethu abakwazanga maduze. Ukungahambisi ukujikeleza kwama-buks, ama-bohes esiliva ..." asiphazamiseli imiyalo emibili yokuziphatha etafuleni, " Ungasheshi. " Phakathi nokujaha ...
Igumbi elikhulu kunawo wonke
Photo K. Manko
Ukuxuba okulindelwe njalo kwezitayela nezikhala kudala ezinye ezingathandeki. Izihlalo - Ampur, izitulo zezwe, i-chinese kettle. Indawo yokudlela eseduze 'kwemizwa yokuxuba' ne-stylistic yehlulekile ku-XVII. Amakamelo okudlela eRussia abizwa ngokuthi amakamelo etafula. Bekungaba ngezindlu ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukile ngombala, usayizi nendawo. Okukhulu kakhulu okubizwa ngegama elikhulu lokudlela futhi kwabhekwa njengezakhiwo eziphambili. Ngaphambi kwalapho, kwi-XVIV., Igumbi lokudlela labizwa ngokuthi ukudla, futhi kwakuyinto enjengaphakathi kokwamukela kanye negumbi lomkhosi. Phambili uhhafu xviiiv. Igama elithi "igumbi lokudlela" laba ubuvubukuvubukuvubukula, ngoba kwafika esikhundleni seKhodi Yencazelo "Hall". Manje kuleli gumbi lahlala phansi ukudla okunyanyekayo. Ofonele nsuku zonke, amakamelo asanda kusebenza, noma amakamelo. Manje, eFrance, itafula lingambozwa ngaphambili. Futhi kuphela kusuka kuma-1770s. "Onke amakamelo anegumbi elihloselwe ukudla."
Igumbi lokudlela elivame kakhulu lalitholakala ekhoneni lendlu futhi likhanyiselwe yiWindows kusuka ezinhlangothini ezimbili. Qulock XVIIIV. Sekuvele kusondele eduze enkabeni yesakhiwo. Leli gumbi likhuphukile eceleni kwe-facade enkulu futhi ligcwala ngomusa ngokukhanya kwemini (kanye nonxande kukhona okujikelezayo kanye nama-oval canteens). Ngasikhathi sinye, ukujula kwakhe kuncane. Phansi kuhlale kuhlotshaniswa, futhi hhayi i-parquet, njengasehholo.
Vele ku-xix. Ama-canteens axoshwa kusuka ebangeni elikhanyayo elikhanyisiwe futhi aqhamuke phakathi kwamakamelo okuhlala akhiwe eduze kwe-facade yegceke. Ukukhanyisa manje akukubalulekanga kangako, kepha kube lula ukukhulumisana nekhishi nokususwa kwezindawo ezamukelayo kusengaphambili. Eshintsha ngo-1839-1841gg. Ngakho-ke ithi: "Igumbi lokudlela kufanele likwazi ukususwa emakamelweni angaphambili ngenxa yephunga le-Kushan. Endlini yokudlela, kuyasiza ukuhlela izicisha umlilo egumbini lokudlela."
Igumbi lokudlela laseRussia kanye nehholo e-European Master kwehluka kakhulu. Rodinitis them One One - Usayizi Nesikhundla Esiphezulu
Indlu kaGolitsyn eVolkhonka (1760). Uhlelo lwephansi
I-House Sapozhnikova (70-80-Russia. I-XVIIV.)
Ekuqaleni kwe-xix. Igumbi lokudlela litholakala eduze kwehholo (ngaphambili), likhanyiselwe amawindi amabili nantathu futhi linama-doors amathathu lilixhuma kusuka phambili, ukufinyelela egcekeni nasekudlalweni. Kwesinye isikhathi i-canteen yahlangane ne-buffet, okwakungezinye izikhathi ibhulakufesi phakathi kwegumbi lokudlela negumbi lokudlela, ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kuwo womabili amakamelo.
Ezindlini ezincane, igumbi lokudlela alizange lineliseke. Wakhonza njengehholo, elalibukeka kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Yebo, futhi nathi. Igumbi lokudlela ngefomu elihlukile lihlangana kaningi ezindlini zezwe futhi lifana kakhulu neveranda echotshozwe ngokuqinile.
Imidwebo yehostela
Igumbi lokudlela elihle likhuluma ngawe njengompheki nomphathi. Uma uthanda izivakashi, ngokuqinisekile kufanele zibe zibanzi, ngaphambili futhi zibe nesethi yezinto zeselula (amatafula okugoqa, amatafula, amatafula okukhonzayo kanye namatafula ahlukahlukene). Futhi, ngokufanele, akenzi ngaphandle kwenani elikhulu lezitsha neziqukathi ezilula zokugcina (amakhabethe, ama-slides, ama-Showcases). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka (futhi kufanele!) Nikeza "indawo yokususa" ukusabalalisa izivakashi, ukukhonza itafula, izitsha zishintshana nokukhohlisa.Kepha uma igumbi lakho lokudlela lincane futhi linceptity, akekho okhipha izinto ezidingekayo ezidingekayo. Okungenani, itafula nezihlalo kufanele kube lapho. Enye into, uma unokunamathela umbono wegumbi lokudlela ekhishini. Kepha kuzoxoxwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umhlobiso wegumbi lokudlela uye ezweni elikhanyayo, eziphuthumayo ezinemibandela noma i-eclectics nge ukusikisela kwesitayela seScandinavia. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuqashelwa ngezakhiwo ezilondolozwe ngokulinganisela. Isitayela sakhe, njengoba izazi zezengqondo ziqinisekisa, kuya ngomnyaka wamaholide namasiko ayo omndeni. Izidalwa ezincane zefilimu ezineminyaka engama-30, minimalism. Faka kulolu thando olumnene lwe-cuisine yaseJapan, futhi uzothola isithombe esibonakalayo ngokuphelele emoyeni ofanele. Izidalwa ezisencane ezingenamhlaba zonyaka ofanayo, zinothando umpheki omnandi nokwazi okuningi kwi-cuisine yendabuko yaseRussia (pies yebo pyshki), zithambekele ezweni noma i-eclectics nge-ressecrian tint (napkins, amathawula). Amantombazane amancane ahlala njalo ajwayele ukulondolozwa. Umfelokazi akanakwa olwandle lwezinto ze-stylistic, zinikezwa izwe elifanayo noma i-amprir. I-Ampire ithobela ngandlela-thile, ngoba kucace bha ukusesha wonke amathusi noma ngegolide. I-buffet ecwebezelayo enekhishi le-parade, indwangu yetafula elimhlophe nezihlalo ezinemihlane ebekiwe egoqwe esithombeni samehlo angaphakathi. Lesi sitayela sihle ngoba zonke izinto ezengeziwe nemibala zingaba khona impela futhi zithola kalula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yindabuko futhi isondelene nengqondo yaseRussia.
Amadoda ahlobana negumbi lokudlela elingenandaba. Cishe abazibandakanyi kule ngxenye yezindlu. Ingaphakathi lomthombo eliphakeme lolu hlobo lwegumbi alukho. Kunesikhala esithile esilinganiselwe esifaka ikhishi, igumbi lokuhlala, igumbi lokudlela, igumbi lokulala futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukugeza. Imingcele kule conglomore ijwayelekile kakhulu futhi yaqokwa ngumnikazi. Isiphephelo se-gedonist eyodwa kanye ne-epicurean enamathalenta amafushane.
Izingane azithandi indawo yokudlela, ngoba ibathumele ngesandla nasemilenzeni. Kuhle kakhulu ukwakha itafula elithuthukisiwe egumbini lakho futhi uzizwe njengomhleli we-Pyr yami.
Zenzele okumnandi
Igumbi lokudlela kufanele lijabulise amehlo futhi lisize ukuthuthukisa isifiso sokudla, kufanele lihlanzeke futhi libe ngumngane. Umbala omhlophe awunaphutha futhi usemhlabeni wonke. Ihlanganiswe nensimbi ephuzi, emhlophe nebomvu, ngesihlahla esimnyama noma esikhanyayo. Noma agcizelele. Kepha, ukwethula ngombala omhlophe ngenkuthalo, udinga ukunakekela ukuthi kulula ukusebenza. Kalula nje, indawo emhlophe kufanele igeze kalula, ikhiphe noma ihlanzeke.
Photo P. Lebedeva
Ezindongeni zaleli gumbi lokudlela, kwadlalwa izigcawu zokuzingela kwakudala. Futhi uma ukusekela isithombe ukuze ungeze iphunga lomdlalo, ukudubula esikhafu, akunzima ukucabanga injabulo nokudla kwalabo ababuthene etafuleni. Imibala ekhanyayo nayo ibukeka kahle. Akufanelekile nje ukusebenzisa izithunzi "zamakhemikhali" noma imibala ye-gamut ebandayo, njengoba zinikeza "umthwalo" wempahla "umthunzi. Kufakazelwa ukuthi ukugaya okubili okubomvu kombala. Ama-Shades of therapy watermelon, ama-sitrobheli, utamatisi noma ama-apula kukhona ubumbano bakho emzabalazweni wesifiso somndeni omuhle nezivakashi. Endaweni yesibili iphuzi, oluhlaza lwesithathu. Kepha akudingekile ukugcina "ubukhulu" bemibala ezingeni eliphezulu. Izitsha ezikhanyayo, ama-napkins, izitsha zokuhlobisa odongeni, okhanyayo (kodwa omncane) etafuleni elisethwe ngesethi eyanele yalabo abangafuni "iMexico encane." Iphethini enkulu nenejusi, kanye nama-accents aphezulu wemibala ebukhali ezindongeni eziphazamisayo ehlebeni. Kwesinye isikhathi kakhulu kangangokuba kufana nokudla okulula. Manje, isikhathi siqhakazile, kepha umbala ogcwele izindonga wenza igumbi lokudlela alijabuli futhi likhange. Kabili kuya esidlweni sakusihlwa akudingeki ukuthi ushayele.
Idizayini yeWindows ingaphansi kwemithetho efanayo. Kungasuswa bobabili, futhi kungathathi hlangothi, futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi. Hhayi nje ukuhileleka ezihlokweni ze- "Happy" kusuka esigabeni sezithelo zemifino yezithelo noma imihlobiso yejometri eyenziwa nge-exotic. Kuliqiniso, i-Eastern, ingqikithi yamakoloni ihambelana kakhulu ngisho nangokwedlule okuthathwe ngewindows.
Izibani egumbini lokudlela uqobo. Ukugxila okukhanyayo kuthunyelwa kwi-Worktop, amadivayisi futhi kubekwe nezitsha. Kufanele kube ukugqama impela, kepha hhayi ukusika amehlo. Isibani etafuleni lokudlela kufanele sifakwe ngaphezulu ukuze ungenzi abantu ababambe iqhaza ekudleni. Ngokuhamba okuhlekisayo, ungathola imodeli eguqukayo ekuphakameni, futhi uyinikeze ne-dimmer. Amakhandlela abukeka ephumelela kakhulu, kepha ukuba khona kwalo etafuleni kubulawa yilokho okufanekisela okuthe xaxa, engingazi nokuthi kufanelekile ukubancoma ukuthi basebenzise njalo. Uma kunjalo, ngizocacisa ukuthi ilangabi kufanele libe liphezulu noma ngaphansi kwezinga leso lezivakashi zakho. Uma usebenzisa itafula elikhonzayo, nakekela ukukhanya kwesibani esihlukile noma i-sconce. I-backlight yezinceku, ama-buffets, ama-slides kanye nemibukiso izonikeza amehlo akho ukujabulisa ngokucabanga ngezinto ezithandekayo ze-parade, ezithombeni noma zezimbali.
Injabulo yeFedorino
Photo K. Manko
I-Country House inekamelo lokudlela elihlukile lokwakha igumbi lokudlela elihlukile. Kulesi simo esingelona isibeletho, "zimbalwa kakhulu", futhi i-buffet ibangela izinkumbulo zefenisha yaseSoviet 60-70-KGG., Kepha ngasikhathi sinye ayigcwalisiwe ngezitsha zekristalu kanye nokwakheka kwezitsha kudinga ukugezwa futhi kugcinwe kahle. Inhloso yokugcina izinto ngobuhlakani yi-buffets, ama-sranches nama-slides. Zonke izinhlamvu ezibhalwe phansi "zizobukeka zinhle egumbini lokuhlala. Othandweni, ngokuzethemba ngokwabo uqobo okusetshenziselwa ukusebenzela itafula. Kuhlelwe ngobuciko ngaphansi kwesitayela sasendulo noma samakholoni, lezi zinto zizoba nomthelela etafuleni trendy manje "Vintage" Shade. U-Abduchi wenza i-geometrically aretally, umane nje aveze "izitsha zezicathulo" zakho zezivakashi, ngaphandle kwe-accent ngezinzuzo zawo. Indawo yendawo yabo, inani, ukujula kulindeleke ngosayizi wegumbi lokudlela. Emuva kwangaphambilini okukhulunywe ngakhulunywa ngenhla, ngakho-ke ngeke ngiphinde.
Igumbi elikhulu lokudlela linetafula elikhulu elingunxande. Kuhle kuwo kanye netafula eli-oval, ikakhulukazi uma iguqulwa ibe umjikelezo. Isimo esinjalo sizoqukatha izivakashi eziningi kunoxhaso. Ehlezi ngemuva kwakhe, njengasegcekeni lenkosi u-Arthur.
Ithebula eliyindilinga lizoncoma egumbini lokudlela elincane. Izimbangela ziyefana. Ngenani elikhulu lezivakashi, ungaba namane nje usonge i-Worktop nemilenze ekhiphekayo (njengezinketho - izimbuzi) ezingadilizwa kalula futhi zikhishwe egumbini lokugcina. Izakhiwo ezifanayo zasetshenziswa kabanzi ngeNkathi Ephakathi.
Ekamelweni lokudlela lamukeleke noma iyiphi inombolo yezihlalo. Enye into ukuthi umbuzo kuphakama: Ngabe bonke badinga ukuba njalo etafuleni? Cishe akunjalo. Kungcono, uma kungabi ngaphezu kwesithupha, futhi okunye kungagoqa bese ulinda ihora lethu egumbini lokusetshenziswa.
Ithebula elincane lokukhonza livame ukudingeka ukuze libeke iziphuzo ezahlukahlukene kanye nokudla okulula uma kwenzeka ku-buffet. Uzokusebenzela nesevisi enhle edilini elikhulu, efanelekile kumapuleti akhe ahlanzekile acwebezelayo, ama-napkin, izibuko kanye namadivayisi angalala kahle.
Ukukala
Igumbi lokudlela liphoqelekile ukuthi likhazimula ngokuhamba ngezinyawo. Inkosikazi yegumbi lokudlela elikhazimulayo likufanelekile. I-AESTI ebusweni be-hostess ejabule njalo ibusa ukumamatheka okunelisekile, lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yokuhlanza igumbi lokudlela ayibuhlungu. Ukufeza lokhu kulula.
Okokuqala, phansi kufanele kube okuqinile, kulula ukuwohloka hhayi ukukhanya kakhulu. Okwesibili, ungahlanganisi amakhaphethi. Ngaleso sikhathi, ungasebenzisa ama-rugs, ama-mat noma ama-mat kusuka ku-can noma utshani basolwandle. Kepha hlola ukuthi akenzi yini phansi phansi. Okwesithathu, ifenisha "ephakeme" ephuthumayo "ngezembozo ezisuswayo ezingagoqwa kalula noma zinikezwe ukuze zihlanze ukomisa ngaphandle kwengozi yokuthi zikhandleka. Futhi, izihlalo ezinesembozo esishushumbisi kanye nokudonsa nazo zichazwa. Okwesine, izindonga ezisegumbini lokudlela kufanele zigeze noma zikhuphuke ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ngasikhathi sinye, bangahle babe nokuthungwa noma iphethini ecebile, balingisa isihlahla noma itshe. Okwesihlanu, ukuhlobisa amawindi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izindwangu ezinzima zamakhethini zivame ukudonsa iphunga lokudla. Cabanga ngalokhu lapho ukhetha. Kwesithupha, ngokunembile nangokucophelela ama-detergents for supface.
Akumangazi ukuthi lezi zeluleko zilungele ngokuphelele ikhishi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abaningi kakhulu bahlanganisa ngesibindi ekhishini nasendlini yokudlela. Isikhala esinjalo silungele bobabili umhambeli, kanye nezivakashi, nemindeni. I-Table Bar Counter ilungele ibhulakufesi elikhanyayo kanye nokwamukelwa. Ithebula elivulekile ngokuzumayo liyasebenza ngokuzumayo. Kepha ingxoxo mayelana nalezi metamorphoses ifanelwe yi-athikili ehlukile, ngakho-ke ngeke bahlale isikhathi eside ngabo isikhathi eside.
Futhi izeluleko zokugcina: zama ukudla ukuthula. Kanjalo. Idiot.