Idivaysi yophahla emakamelweni amamanzi. Upende, wasindiswa, ngokhuni, omisiwe futhi welule uphahla - okukhethiwe komthengi.
1. Amasondo
2- Umhlahlandlela oguqukayo;
Ukumiswa okunzima;
Ukumiswa okuguquguqukayo;
Imodyuli engu-5;
Iphaneli eligobile eli-6;
Iphrofayili ye-7-Reference Caisson
Ukuhamba nsuku zonke ngokuhlala kwayo, akuvamile ukuthi sinake uphahla. Babengena ngokoqobo ngokokonga ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, okungasaphikiswa njengemiklamo ezizimele. Akulula, lokhu kunjalo - nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kokudumisa nokunakwa okukhethekile okuvela kwabanikazi kanye nezivakashi, thwala insiza yakho! Namuhla kuzoba mayelana nophahla emakamelweni amamanzi.
Ngesikhathi sokwakha kanye nomhlobiso wezakhiwo ngomswakama ophezulu, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukunakwa okukhethekile ekukhetheni izinto zokwakha, ngoba bonke kufanele bamelane nemiphumela emanzi. Ngamanye amagama, yiba umswakama-ukumelana nomswakama. Akukho okuhlukile, izinto zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa ukuqeda uphahla. Kulokhu, "emanzi" kubizwa ngokuthi izakhiwo lapho umswakama womoya udlula khona inkomba ejwayelekile (60%). Izincwadi zifaka amachibi, ama-saunas namabhati (umswakama ongaphezulu kwama-90%), amakamelo okugeza, ukugeza, amakhishi, izindawo zokuhlanza, kanye nazo zonke izakhiwo ezibandayo (ama-terrandashe, ama-verandas, ama-cold , amagalaji), ancike kakhulu ezimweni zezulu futhi abhekane nokuswakama ngezikhathi ezithile. Ingaphezulu lophahla, ngaphezu kokuxhumana njalo nomoya womswakama ophezulu, ungaxhumana ngqo namanzi (ngokwesibonelo, ekushisweni) noma ube yindawo yokwakha (usho, ngomehluko obukhali ekushiseni kwegumbi).
Izinto zokwakha ezinokuphikiswa komswakama okukhethiwe ngokungafanele ngemuva kwesikhashana ziqala i-flax kanye nokonga ophahleni, noma ukuzothuthukisa, imiphumela isikhunta namagciwane. Zonke lezi zinye izimfuneko zinekhono elibonisa futhi lizwakala, ukumelana nomlilo, ubumsulwa bemvelo, ukunakekelwa okuncane kuhambisana ngokuphelele nokwakheka okujwayelekile, okungeniswe ophahleni lwethu olujwayelekile, ophahleni lwethu alobe lungapheli amandla ", "UCeilings ngamavidiyo afile" nophahla lwendlela efanelekile. "
Uphahla lungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili. I-Clerva ifaka lokho isisekelo sokuqeda ukugcwala uqobo. Ophahleni olunjalo kudonswa ngenombolo yezindlela ezilinganiselwe (ngokwesibonelo, ukulungiswa kokulungiswa nokupendiwe, banamathele kubo ukuqedwa kokuhlobisa; indawo yokuhlobisa ingalashwa ngokutholwa okuhlukahlukene). Iqembu lesibili lifaka phakathi ophahleni, enikeza ukwakhiwa kokwakhiwa okwengeziwe okususelwa endizeni entsha ebalulekile futhi kwamiswa, kumisiwe, i-cortex nokwelula).
Uphahla opende
Umbala yindlela eshibhile neyesiko yokuqeda uphahla. Ukusebenza ngopende kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwezindonga naphansi egumbini. Izendlalelo ezindala zezinto zokwakha zisusiwe, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho isisekelo sisemhlabathini, ukulungiswa kanye nama-putty. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngezinga lokungahambi kahle, kuzodingeka usebenzise inombolo ehlukile yezendlalelo. Lapho ngokungafanele ngaphansi kwama-aphphibes angaphansi kwama-3 wokungena okujulile (kuqinisekisa ukunamathela kwezinto zokwakha kanye nokungena kwamanzi okugcwala ngokwawo; kahle, uma kukhona izithasiselo ezivimbela ukubukeka kokhunga nokubumba (ukuvumelanisa okunomswakama) , Primer evimbela umswakama - upende omelana nomswakama. Lapho amaphutha angu-3-10mmmmmmed, udaka ngesisekelo sokudaka, i-primer, i-putty, i-primer, upende (zonke izinto zokupenda (zonke izinto ngokwawo zingaqiniswa nge-tape tep tep). Uma kwenzeka ukuphambuka endizeni, ngaphezu kwe-10mm, inqubo yokufaka izingqimba ihlala ifana, kepha kusetshenziswa udaka ngesihlabathi esinesihlabathi.Emisebenzini yokwakha, njengomthetho, sebenzisa ama-Plasters ajwayelekile kakhulu, ukufeza izinto ezingenamanzi ngenxa yokuphikiswa komswakama kwazo zonke izingqimba zokuhlobisa ezalandela. Kepha kukhona nodaka olukhethekile lwamanzi, njenge-vetonit TT (Optic, Finland), Deumisal (Index, Italy).
Amazinga okushisa ngesisekelo se-chalk noma i-lime, kanye nopende ojwayelekile wamazinga wamanzi wezakhiwo ezimanzi kulokhu, azifanelekile, kusuka ekuxhumaneni okungapheli ngamabili wangaphandle ambozwe imifantu yobuso futhi uyakuxazulula. Izingoma ezikhethekile kuphela, ezibizwa ngokuthi - "Izipeyinti zezakhiwo ezimanzi" (lezi zingaba yisisekelo se-acrylic, i-latex noma i-silicone izisekelo, ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi okuhlukile, kanye nopende wamafutha; Emakethe yaseRussia, upende omelana namanzi wethulwa ububanzi obukhulu: uFul Kuche bad (punsany, germany), u-coando-weiss (Mesforle, germany), umqhele (Akzo Nobel, Netherlands), i-Drotem (DYO, Turkey), nezinye, njenge-DOROTOP (DOTO), zingasetshenziswa ngisho nasezindaweni ezivuthiwe. Kusuka kupende wezindaba zasekhaya ngamakamelo amamanzi A-25 (Akron-B), Rainbow M4 (Rick). Izakhiwo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zinconyelwe ukusebenzisa izinto zendawo yonke ezihloselwe umsebenzi wangaphandle nangaphakathi (ngokwesibonelo, i-Flued 10 ku-Latex ngokusekelwe, kukhiqizi - i-Blugger, i-Intermar - 3 "ye-Russian Derufa Association). Futhi lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba ezimweni ezinjalo, bobabili ukumelana komswakama nokumelana nesithwathwa kubalulekile.
Uphahla uvame ukugxila emhlophe, noma kunoma yikuphi okunye ngokungeza ama-koke akhethekile. Uphahla olunemibala luvame ukuthathwa odongeni. Uma upende ungaqukethe izingxenye zangempiyutha ekwakhiweni kwazo, ungathenga isixazululo esikhethekile (ngokwesibonelo, umkhiqizi we-funginghield fungicidal, umkhiqizi we-ICI Paints, i-United Kingdom; izindleko zokufakwa kwelitha zingama- $ 8 ) bese uwacubungula wonke umhlaba ukuze ufake umbala.
Ukuqedwa kophahla kungenziwa ngokuzimele noma ngosizo lochwepheshe - ecaleni lokugcina kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhokhe kusuka ku- $ 10 nge-1m2 (umjikelezo ogcwele womsebenzi, ngaphandle kokunaka inani lezinto zokwakha).
Ngokungeziwe kupende, kunamasethi wonke wokuqeda uphahla emakamelweni amamanzi. Isibonelo, iTikkurila Luja eyenzelwe ngqo izindlu zangasese. Iyunithi ifaka phakathi izingxenye ezi-4: Primer yokufaka umswakama, i-adhesive-adhesive aspesive aspesive, i-fiberglass iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni kanye nopende we-luja (acrylic). Ukuqedwa kophahla kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana: Okokuqala faka ungqimba lwe-primer, bese kuba nokunamathelisa okuvinjelwe umswakama, okunamathiselwe yi-glass. Usuku ngemuva kwe-roller ye-wallpaper eshintshwa ngumswakama ofaka umswakama futhi kuphela emva kwalokho, 2 ungqimba lwepende. Uma efisa, eshintsha ukubonakala kophahla ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwempilo eshalofini le-coating enjalo, ungamane wehlise ungqimba olusha lwepende. I-coating imelana nokugeza hhayi ekhaya elijwayelekile kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuhlanza okuqinile, kufaka phakathi ukubulala amagciwane. Upende uqobo uyakwazi ukubekezelela ngaphezu kwe-10,000 000 ngebhulashi. Izindleko zelitha elilodwa zivela ku- $ 7. Iqoqo lama-Primers angangeni manzi (amelana ne-tackfarg) anikeza futhi abasebenza ngokuqinile baseSweden.
Ububi bophahla oludwetshwe ngesidingo somjikelezo omude womsebenzi ekuhlelweni kokuqala kanye nombala wendawo, inzuzo yokutholakala kwezinto zokwakha.
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokususa izimbotshana ezindala: Mechanic (ukuklubula, kwenzeka ngesikhumba esinama-coarse kanye nama-nozzles akhethekile ku-drill, i-sandmopystole), i-thermopystole; upende kawoyela futhi ususe " I-Dedovsky "ngendlela, sebefudumeza indawo ngensimbi evamile nge-aluminium foil) namakhemikhali, lapho imboni yaseRussia, khona nemboni enkulu yokuhlanza okuhlukahlukene. Sisebenzela izibonelo ezimbalwa kuphela: I-Tapeten und Leimfarbenabloser (PUFAS, Germany), i-DFA ABBEizer (Mesffert, Germany), i-Extertminator B-52, Russia), Russia). Ngohlobo ngalunye lwepende, i-solvent yayo ingezwe ekuhlanzeni. Ngokweqiniso, noma yimuphi upende ungasuswa ngenye yalezi zindlela.
Uphahla olushumekiwe
"Ethe", "ethe njo", "esidlule" - in the isichazamazwi abakhi nabathengisi ekwakheni izinto ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana eyodwa yalezi amagama ahlobene bathola indlela efanayo kokuphothula Uphahla lwangaphakathi. Siqukethe okulandelayo: ahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa enamathela amathayili eyenziwe polystyrene Foam, ingilazi izinto, noma izinto ezinjalo ezingavamile, njenge kukakhokho noma laminate panel, ethe njo ku-surface bushelelezi base ophahleni, base, futhi ukhokho noma laminate panel , kanye namathayili e-ceramic.
Okuthandwa kakhulu ngepuleti efakwe kuhlu kusuka ku-Fomed Polystyrene (noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, i-styrofoam). Ukuze isetshenziswe emakamelweni ama-wet, amaphaneli akhiqizwa kuphela afanelekile. Indlela yokukhishwa esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwawo ivumela ukufeza ubukhulu obuphezulu (cishe ngo-70kg / m3) kanye ne-homogeneity of okuqukethwe, ngakho-ke. Ekwenziweni kwamaphaneli nezinye izindlela, ukugxila nokujova - ukwakheka kwepuleti akuyona into enobunzima, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kungadonsa umswakama.
Kulula ukuhlukanisa ngokubukeka: ubuso babo bobuso babo bubushelelezi, bunesakhiwo esikhulu, kuphaneli yomongo bubukeka njengethayili le-chocolate le-porOus. Amaphupho avumelekile avela kuwo, izinto ezixubile nezijovayo zinesakhiwo esivinjelwe ngokusobala, esibonakalayo ngisho nokuthinta. Amaphaneli abuye ahluke ngobukhulu: ekhishwe - 2,5-3mm, isitembu- 6-7mm, umjovo ongu-10mm. Ubukhulu be-tiles elijwayelekile kubo bonke abakhiqizi bangama-500500mm. Ukubhoboza izinto ezingeziwe zitholakala ngamaphaneli ezingunxantathu 16.5 mm ububanzi kanye ne-1000 mm ubude, kanye nophahla lwama-plinths 1000-1500mm. Umbala othandwa kakhulu uwumhlophe, okuhlukahlukene lapha kutholakala ngokukhethwa kolunye lokwethulwa (kukhathalogi yamafemu kuvezwa kumashumi ambalwa). Noma, uma ufisa, ungakhetha amamodeli wemibala, kufaka phakathi ukulingisa izinkuni, indwangu noma itshe.
Emakethe yaseRussia namuhla kunamapuleti abakhiqizi basekhaya - "ama-heachi", "Decomoster", "i-Plast Gamma Dercor" kanye ne-Marbet, i-VTM (i-Delfen). Izindleko zamaphaneli amhlophe cishe ama-ruble angama-40 / m2, umbala- 60-70 rubles / m2.
Amathayili afakwa kunoma iyiphi ukhonkolo, izitini, amabhlogo, izinkuni (kahle, uma usebenzisa i-pre-primer yazo). Lapho uhlekisa izindawo ezindala, qiniseka ukuthi ususe izingqimba zokupenda zokupenda, akudingekile ukuze ususe lonke upende. Kuhle ukusebenzisa i-glue for polystyrene noma ukwakheka okukhethekile kophahla phansi, futhi empeleni amelana nomswakama (ukuhlonishwa kwenkampani yaseRussia ", i-gigant dufa german mesffert, eTitan Pholish Marbet, kulokhu Kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi ungaphangiswa i-tile, futhi kamuva ungayikhipha kalula. Kulula ukunakekela ophahleni olunamathela: uzodinga ukufeza ukuhlanzwa okumanzi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngaphandle kokudla okusheshayo, i-folystyrene evelele kulula kakhulu ukuncibilika (esele amazinga okushisa angenhla kwama-80s, okuqukethwe kuqala ukungasebenzi). Ngakho-ke, umuntu akufanele abekwe odongeni kanye namalambu ophahleni olukude eduze kwama-20-30 cm ukusuka endaweni yophahla. Amapayipi okushisa kwamanzi, asuselwa emkhakheni wochwepheshe, awashintshiwe endaweni yokuncibilika ye-polystyrene, amaphaneli angabekwa eduze kwalawa mapayipi. Izithiyo futhi azihambisani nemiphumela ye-organic solvents (uphethiloli, i-turpentine, i-acetone idr), kepha iminonjana yamafutha avela kumapuleti amhlophe angagezwa ngotshwala. Ekugcineni, impahla ye-polystyrere foam-foam-feam, engakuthandi abalandeli babo bonke "ngokwemvelo." Abathengi nabo bavame ukukhononda ngesihlakazo esikhulu sosayizi engxenyeni eyodwa yamathayili.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezibuko nakho kungenye yezindlela ezikhululekile kakhulu, futhi ezingabizi kakhulu zokuqeda uphahla egumbini elimanzi. Izinzuzo zokuzisebenzisa zingamathuba okuphindaphindwa kophahla oluphindayo (izikhathi eziyi-10-15; njengoba kwaziwa, amawindi engilazi anamabala ngemuva kokunamathela) kanye nempilo yenkonzo ende (kuze kube yi-20-30). Emakethe yaseRussia, amafasitela acwebezelayo anjalo anikezwa njenge-baumax (germany), iht Inglas HGT (i-Austria), i-Fintex (Finland), izindleko ze-Rorble zingama-50m, ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-800. Ukuthungwa komhlaba kuyinto ehlukahlukene kakhulu: i-parquet, i-rhombus, i-diagonal, isihlahla sikaKhisimusi, umthwalo.
Ungase futhi nama-glu we-cork tile aphathwe ngokufakwayo okukhethekile kwamanzi. Amathayili ophahla akhethekile awatholakali athengiswayo, ukuze ahambe womabili ama-athikili angaphandle kanye nodonga oluvela ku-traffic jam. Lokhu okuqukethwe, ngendlela, inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo. Ngendlela efanayo, ama-waterproof ama-limiamings noma amathayili ajwayelekile we-ceramic angasetshenziswa.
Uphahla wokhuni
Uphahla lwepulangwe - izinyawo ezijabulisayo zezindlu zezwe, lapho kungadingekile ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlaka nganoma iyiphi impahla engenzi kabi. Ukuthembisa okwengeziwe kungukuhlukahluka kwesihlahla uqobo, ngokwesibonelo, ukucutshungulwa kophahla olunama-biilings akhethekile we-biopropte, okuvikela isihlahla hhayi kuphela ngemiphumela yomswakama nokubola, kodwa futhi kusuka ekusakazweni kwezimbungulu ( ngokwesibonelo, ukwakheka kwamehlo kwe-BB-11, kusho umenzi "i-antiseptic", iRussia (ama-Rubles- 60 ama-ruble / kg); ukwakheka kwe- "Sezheng Bio", iRussia (ama-Rust- 166 ama-rubles. Ngoba Ukupakisha i-10kg, kusetshenziswe ezingxenyeni ezi-2-3); Inhlanganisela yezimpawu "ze-soteks" kanye ne- "ama-aquadeks" amafemu "aqokiwe" (ama-ruble angama-65). Ukucubungula izinto ezingcono ngaphambi kokwakha, kepha kubiza kakhulu.Ingxoxo ehlukile imayelana ne-sauna kanye nokugeza, lapho uphahla ndawonye kanye nezindonga kanye nesisekelo "sokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-" Massive ". Lapha, isihlahla (ngaphandle kwe-aspen, okuyinto engcono kakhulu ye-saunas) kufanele iphathwe ngezingoma ezikhethekile ezihambisana nemiphumela yokushisa okuphezulu. Isibonelo, ukumiswa kwe- "teflex sauna" ("Bioprotect") noma ukwakheka okusekelwe ku-acrylate Supi-saunasuaja (Tikkurila, eFinland). Yize abanye ochwepheshe bomakhi batusa ngokwezigaba ezihlukanisayo ukushiya isihlahla kumaphara amsulwa futhi hhayi ukuphatha noma yiziphi izingoma. Chaza lokhu kungakwazi ukufeza ukungabikho ngokuphelele kokuhwamuka kwe- "Chemistry".
Uphahla olumisiwe
Lolu uhlelo oluqukethe ifreyimu yensimbi lumiswe ukugqagqana, namamojula aqediwe (izitimela, amapuleti, amaphaneli, amakhasethi) akha indawo entsha yophahla, ongaphansi kwesisekelo.
Uhlelo olumisiwe, noma ifreyimu, - Isisekelo saluphi uphahla omisiwe. Kuqukethe izinkombandlela eziphambili, izinkombandlela ze-transverse, izinto ze-angular kanye nokumiswa. Ukumiswa okungaguquki (izinduku, amabakaki, ucingo oluwugqinsi) akuvumele ukuthi ushintshe ibanga phakathi kophahla omisiwe nowasisekelo. Lo mklamo wenza ukuthi kungenzeka ukufihla ukungahambi kahle, dala uphahla lwamazinga amaningi, sebenzisa isikhala esiphumela ekubekeni ukuxhumana okudingekayo kobunjiniyela nokufakwa kwamalambu. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokumiswa kombala - mhlophe, ezinye izinketho ezingenzeka zingumbala, ngaphansi kwe-Chrome, ngaphansi kwegolide. Ububanzi bezinkomba ezijwayelekile buyi-15 no-24mm. I-Kbasy Touiling The Ukumiswa okunamathiselwe ngosizo lwama-dowels nezikulufo.
Izakhiwo ze-rack Kuqoqwe kusuka kojantshi obude obude, okungahluka ngobubanzi, ukuphakama, ukwakheka kwephaneli uqobo nonqenqemeni, ekuthumelweni (umata noma isibuko) nombala. Amamojula angomakhelwane ayakwazi ukuhlanganisa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-B-Joint, ahlukaniswe ngokufakwa noma abekwe kude komunye nomunye, kucala lokugcina kuvula isakhiwo esivulekile somoya esivulekile. Ukwakheka okugobile kweReiki (umsebenzi wenziwa efektri, ngaphansi kwe-oda, ngokusho kobukhulu bekhasimende) akuvumele ukuthi udale hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi futhi curvilinear Couilings. Izakhiwo zamanzi zingahlanganiswa ngamamojula we-flat and curved bobulpes, iphaneli yemibala ehlukene, ukufakwa, amalambu nokufakwa, amabhlondi okufaka umoya. Ubude obujwayelekile bokuphinda bube ngu-6m, ububanzi - ukusuka ku-30 kuye ku-300 mm, obukhulu - kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-0.6mm. Kwenziwe nge-aluminium noma ngensimbi ye-galvanized, kumagumbi amamanzi kuyanconywa ukukhetha i-aluminium. Bakhona e-assortment yabo bonke abakhiqizi ophahleni lwe-Rush: I-Armstrong (USA), i-genter (i-etaly (i-etaly (i-Finland brand, i-germany), i-lums (iRussia ).
Izindleko ze-Rush design of Russian Production yi- $ 10-20 nge-1M2, Ukukhiqizwa Kwangaphandle - $ 20-40 nge-1M2, izindleko zokufakwa, kusuka ku- $ 8 nge-1m2. Ukuvuza i-volusay ngaphezulu kwesitimela kufanele kudilizwe futhi kusomile, emva kwalokho kubuyela endaweni; Idizayini evulekile izoma. Izinhlaka ezinjalo zokumiswa zithandwa kakhulu yikhasimende ngokusebenziseka kwazo futhi zivame ukufakwa kakhulu ezindlini zokugezela.
Ama-tile designs modular. Imakethe yaseRussia iveza amasistimu aphezulu amazinga amabili. Ngokusho kweseli lase-Europe, uhlelo lunezinhlobo ezingama-600600mm, kanye namamojula - 595595mm. Phindaphinda nge-American Standard, usayizi wamaseli kufanele ulingane no-610610 mm, usayizi wamamojula ngu-605605mm. Izinhlelo ziyindawo yonke futhi zikuvumela ukuthi ulenga amapuleti kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene beZinga elilodwa.
Izinto ze-modular zingenziwa kusuka ezintweni ezahlukahlukene: insimbi noma i-aluminium), izinkuni, izikhwama, i-MDF, i-Mineral Fiber (kufaka phakathi i-fiberglass), ipulasitiki, i-drywall. Ayikho imikhawulo ekusetshenzisweni ngamakamelo amamanzi kanye ne-aluminium- akhiqizwa ngama-albes, i-amf (i-e-Germany), ipulasitiki (i-atlugla- attudlas (e-Slovakia), ama-plexiglas (Germany), "Plexiglas" (Russia), amamojula avela kumashidi amakhulu asikwa ophahleni. Ukuphumula kufanele kube nokumelana nomswakama okungenani ama-95% (kanye namachibi - 100%) futhi kufanelekile ukuthi umenzi uqobo anconyelwe izakhiwo ezinomswakama ophezulu (njengamapuleti ezenziwe nge-Newtone ne-Ceramaguard Tebile, zikhiqizwa Uyakwazi ukumelana nokuxhumana okungapheli namanzi; izinkuni fibrous fibracoustitic kanye nepuleti kusuka ku-mineral wol thermatex, umkhiqizi Kubandakanya isibonelo, sizonikeza amanye amapuleti we-fiberglass pop (e-Ecophon, iSweden), uhlangothi olungaphambili lwalo lumbozwe ngefilimu ye-PVC, kanye nama-radar radar mineral fiber (USG, USA). Ubukhulu bamapuleti buxhomeke kokuqukethwe okwenziwe ngalo: kusuka ku-0.5 mm (Metallic) kuya ku-20-30 mm (okwenziwe nge-mineral fiber). Ingaphezulu lingaba bushelelezi noma libe lukhuni, i-matte, elicwebezelayo noma isibuko, linombala ohlukile kanye nokuthungwa. Amamojula ahlukene noma izingxenye zazo ziyakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni izibani. Izindleko zamapuleti - kusuka ku- $ 11 nge-1m2.
Uhlobo lwangempela lwe-Ceiling Organisation ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula wengilazi enamabala avela kuPlexiglas. Ama-tile angama-600600mm anamathele ohlelweni olumisiwe olujwayelekile, ukudala umphumela wokuhlobisa we- "Glow" wengilazi enamabala, idizayini ihlinzekwa ngokukhanyisa kwangaphakathi. Izindleko zama-tile ziphezulu, zisuka ku- $ 100 kuya ku- $ 500 nge-1m2 nge-1m2, ezihambelana ngokugcwele ukukhishwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Amafasitela engilazi anamabala avela eGlass yaseVenetian azobiza kakhulu.
Uphahla lwama-modular kusuka kumathayili, ama-cassette, ama-grids, amamojula amaselula namaphaneli anokubukeka okuhlelekile kakhulu futhi kuvame ukufakwa emahhovisi asese nasezindlini ezizimele. Awekho amathayili wokuhlobisa kagesi wefayibha noma i-plexiglass. Ukungcola okuphelele kwezinhlaka ezimisiwe - 'zidliwe "12-15 cm zokuphakama kwegumbi. Inzuzo enkulu kungenzeka ukuthi indawo yokuhlala efihliwe, ukugcinwa kanye nokuguqulwa.
Uphahla
Ukubizwa kubizwa ngokuthi izakhiwo lapho izinto ezithwala khona (imigoqo yensimbi, amaphrofayli) zinamathiselwe ngqo ophahleni lwesisekelo, futhi azihlanganisi, njengasezinhlelweni ezimisiwe. Ngakho-ke, ibanga phakathi kophahla oluyisisekelo noluhlanganisiwe lunqunywa kuphela ngobukhulu bezindawo ozimele zohlaka. Imvamisa kuba khona izembatho zensimbi (ukwakhiwa kwazo kufana nokujaha okumisiwe) kanye nophahla lwe-codwwall (lo ngumklamo oqoqwe kusuka kumashidi e-plasterboard kanye nohlaka lwensimbi noma ngokhuni). Kumakamelo amamanzi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amashidi we-drywall amelana nomswakama (ukumaka ama-g clev). Amashidi akhe apendiwe eluhlaza, ngokungafani nompunga ojwayelekile. Emakethe yaseRussia, lokhu okuqukethwe kunikezwa yi-GyProc (United Kingdom) kanye ne-knauf gypsum (Russia). Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bamashidi - 25001200, 30001200mm obukhulu baka-12,5 mm, izindleko ze- € 70 / m2, kancane kunamashidi anobukhulu be-9.5 no-6mm. Ungabamba futhi izinto ze-gypsumous ezihloselwe izakhiwo ezimanzi (GVLV).I-Wet eyomile kalula futhi ngemuva kokomiswa kuthatha ifomu elinikezwe lona. Le mpahla isetshenziselwa ukudala amasayithi ayinkimbinkimbi we-geometric (ama-arches, ama-domes, ophahleni olungaphakathi). Uphahla kusuka ku-G Coles namuhla luthandwa kakhulu - alubizi kakhulu, lukuvumela ukuthi udale ukucushwa komuntu ngamunye futhi uhlome ukwakheka kokukhanya okwakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukugqoka izakhiwo Uphahla lwendiza luqoqwa kusuka kumashidi amaningana, umthungo ucwila nge-babbon ebopha uphawu futhi wacutshungulwa nge-putty. Ngemuva kwalokho, uphahla kufanele uphathwe nge-primer bese uhlanganisa noma yiluphi upende, zombili izingoma kufanele zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kumagumbi amamanzi.
Yelula ophahleni
Uphahla lwe-Stretch Design luyifilimu elincanyana noma izicubu, welule ohlelweni olukhethekile (baguette). I-baguette ihlelwe ophahleni lwesisekelo noma ezungeze umngcele wezindonga futhi, ngokuya ngendlela yokuqinisa, ingabonakala noma ifihlwe. Indiza yophahla yophahla ephumayo inobushelelezi futhi i-homogeneineous, inendlela yophahla oluqinile. Kwenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride ifilimu (PVC) noma izicubu ze-polyester, uhlaka kuzo zombili lezi zigameko lenziwa nge-PVC, kodwa kuqinile kakhulu kunefilimu uqobo, noma ku-aluminium. Ukugijima nokuswakama okuphezulu kophahla lwe-Air Streams anakwanga ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke afakwe emakamelweni anamanzi ngaphandle kwemikhawulo. I-Lisps ivuza kusuka ngaphezulu kwefilimu iyasindisa, yakha i-bubble enkulu. Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, impahla ebekezelela umthwalo we-100 l / m2, izivivinyo ezisebenzayo ezenziwa nguMal-C, zikhombise imiphumela ephezulu - kufika ku-170l / m2. Ungahudula amanzi ngokuphelele ngesimo esiphuthumayo esifanayo, ngomgodi wesibani (uma uphahla luhlome ngokukhanya okwakhelwe ngaphakathi noma ukuqeda elinye lamakhona isikhashana. Esimweni sesibili, nakanjani uzodinga ukubiza uchwepheshe. Indwangu eyomile iyafuthelwa, emva kwalokho uphahla lubuyisela ngokuphelele ukungezwani kwalo.
Ukuntuleka kwefilimu ye-PVC kungekho ukumelana kwesithwathwa, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-0s, okuqukethwe kuba lukhuni futhi kubuthaka, kepha, kuqala ukuwa kuphela ngesikhathi sesithwathwa ngezansi-40s. Ngakho-ke, uma ufake ophahla lwentambo endlini yezwe ngaphandle kokushisa ubusika obuhlala njalo, ungaphaphama: zama ukungashaye phansi umnyango futhi ungathinti indiza ngezinto ezibukhali uze uwa.
Imakethe yaseRussia iveza isibalo esikhulu samafemu anikela ngokungezelela uphahla oluvela ku-PVC: I-Barrisol, i-Carpe Noir, i-Novelmat, i-morea (netherlands), i-deckomat (Jermany) kanye Kuphela okuthengiswa okuqinile okuthengiswayo okuvela ku-polyester fabric i-Swiss Clipso.
Ukwahluka okukhulu ekwakhiweni phakathi kophahla oluvela kwifilimu le-PVC kusuka kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene akunjalo. Lapho kufuthelwa ngenhla kwama-65с, ukuqina kokukhuphuka kwandayo, futhi kuyabonakala kahle ekuguqukeni, le mpahla isetshenziswa lapho ufaka uphahla lwentambo. Umehluko kubakhiqizi ungatholakala ebangeni lemibala (imvamisa kukhathalogu kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-100 shades kanye nezinhlobo eziningi ze-matte, ngaphansi kwesihlahla, ngaphansi kwesihlahla, kungaziwa nangokuthi cishe ama-90% ophahla lwe-pealing enendawo ye-matte).
Abakhiqizi bangase futhi bahlukane nama-fasteners kanye nendlela yokudonsa umkhiqizo (ikhathuni kanye ne-flawless: wedge, cord and cam). Nge-harpoon (i-barrisol, i-carre noir, i-extenzer, extenze, i-Newmat), i-canvat yenziwa ngokuqinile ngokuya ngosayizi wekamelo elingu-10-15%. Ezimweni zokubuya, i-harpoon ifakwa emaphethelweni e-canvase elungiselelwe. Ngendlela ye-ringpurpose, izilinganiso ezicophelela kanye nemisebenzi yefekthri ngeke zidinge, i-canvas imaketha nje endaweni, ukushisa kuze kufike kuma-70s bese kungena ku-baguette.
UCeft ophahleni ungafakwa emakamelweni okucushwa okuhlukile kakhulu, ukwakha izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ukudala ama-arches, ama-vaults namatende.
Uphahla olwenziwe ngeziqeshana ze-polyester clipso ezifakiwe emazingeni okushisa egumbi. Faka umbala, ngokungafani nefilimu, kwenziwa ngemuva kokuhlela. Ukuba semthethweni kusuka kwifilimu ye-PVC, indwangu iyisidalwa esivimbela isithwathwa futhi awesabi amazinga okushisa amabi. Ukwakha ophahleni oluyinkimbinkimbi olunzima akunakwenzeka.
Ibanga elincanyana lapho lingafakwa khona ophahleni lwentambo kusuka kusisekelo, lungu-0.5-3cm (kuya ngohlelo lwe-fastener yenkampani ethile).
Lapho uhlomisa uphahla lwengxabano ngokukhanyisa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi, isibani ngasinye (imvamisa ikhomba) ifakwa kusetshenziswa ukumiswa okuhlukile ophahleni oluyinhloko, futhi izimbobo zisikwa kwi-canvas ekhethekile yokufakelwa ehlane . Ungasebenzisa izibani ngamandla aze afike ku-60W (ngamalambu we-incandescent) kuya ku-35W (nge-halogen). Ukufaka amalambu anamandla amakhulu, uzodinga ukufakwa okwengeziwe okushisayo phakathi kokuqashwa kwesibani nophahla lophahla, uma kungenjalo ifilimu limane lincibilike.
Izindleko zophahla zivela ku- $ 30 ze-1m2, kufaka phakathi ukufakwa, futhi ukuba khona kwezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezakhayo kwandisa inani eliya ku- $ 80 nge-1M2 nge-1M2 nge-1M2.
Echibini noma egumbini lokugezela, ungakha uphahla "Sky Sky". Lona umklamo wokungenisa ngentshiseko wefilimu ye-PVC yombala omnyama, ngaphezu kwalokho ohlome ngohlelo lwamalambu amancane-izinkanyezi. Kunobuchwepheshe obuningana bokwenza "isibhakabhaka esinenkanyezi":
1. Usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optical. Kulokhu, i-fiber ingabekwa okuhlobene nendiza yophahla ngezindlela ezintathu. Okokuqala, kukhonjiswe ngaphansi kwezinga lophahla ebangeni le-10-50cm, ifilimu lifakwe kuqala. Kulokhu, i-fiber ngokwayo iyakhanya, kanye nokukhombisa kwayo ebusweni kophahla kwakha umphumela owengeziwe. Okwesibili, amathiphu we-Optical fiber Threads angasuswa ngezinga elilodwa ngewebhu, ingaphezulu libuye liboshwe. Inketho yesithathu ukunikeza i-fiber kusuka ohlangothini lwangemuva kuye ebusweni, bese ifilimu ayiboshelwe. Ngosuku lokukhanyisa ekuseni kungukuhlanzeka okubushelelezi kophahla.
2. Kusetshenziswa izinto ze-swarovski austrian firm luminagional izinto. Ntambama, ngokukhanya kwemvelo, kukhanyiswe kahle ama-crustals, kusihlwa banikeza umgede we-rainbow umdlalo. Ukukhanyisa amalensi kuhlinzeka ngaphakathi kwama-cartridges of imishayo yemishayo ye-fiber fiber. Kungenzeka futhi ukuhlanganisa i-lens nge-fiber optical.
3. Kusetshenziswa ama-LED aboniswa ebusweni bophahla futhi abukeka njengencane kakhulu (1-2 mm ubukhulu) isibani esikhanyayo. Zifakiwe ezixhumi ezikhethekile futhi zidinga umthombo okhethekile wamandla. Iphaneli yokuhlela ikuvumela ukuthi usethe izindlela eziyi-10 ze-Flicker zama-diodes.
Ukukhetha kwezingoma ezivela ezinkanyezini kungokwakho.
Abahleli babonga inkampani ethi "DiPris", "Demotek", "Karee Nouire", "Mal-C", "iplanethi CEILKOV", "i-Planet Ceilkov", i-Skol kanye ne-Arching Igor Bobenko ukuze ilungiselele usizo.