Yiluphi ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze kudonsele isithombe semvelo sendawo oyithandayo? Ukuzithola kuphi nokuthi kuzobiza malini?
Ubuthene ukushintsha indawo yokuhlala. Ungawenzi kanjani amaphutha futhi ungabi sendaweni engenamusa yemvelo? Ukuthola kuphi ulwazi mayelana ne-ecology yedolobha, esifundeni? Sizozama ukuphendula le mibuzo.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ukuthuthela kwesinye isimo esiphuthumayo sedolobha elilinganiselayo, okuchazwe yimikhandlu ethile engathi sína noma esemthethweni. Ukuxoxa ngezinkinga zalolu hlobo akulona kahle futhi kungenzeka zingenamsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, sicabanga ukuthi ukhulelwe ukuhamba ngaphakathi kwedolobha lakho, yize ake sisho amagama ambalwa futhi mayelana nemvelo yezindawo ezahlukahlukene zeRussia.
Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka kakhulu, uzoqala ukusesha izindlu ezintsha kusuka ekukhetheni kwendawo. Siyethemba ukuthi isici sezemvelo sizothatha kule nqubo hhayi indawo yokugcina ngemuva kwamanani aphansi, lula indawo nengqalasizinda enhle - ngaphandle kwemibandela, izimpikiswano ezinesisindo. Ngemuva kwalokho i-algorithm ilula. Okokuqala ukhetha indawo enobungane bemvelo. Ngemuva kwalokho kuchazwa nendlu. Hlobo luni lolwazi oluzodinga ukuthi luzoluthola kuphi futhi luzobiza malini?
Imvelo yendawo
Isithombe semvelo sendawo esithakazelayo kuwe singaqoqwa ngokuqoqa imininingwane ngamaphuzu alandelayo:ukuba khona kwemigwaqo emikhulu nezindawo zezimboni;
Izinga lokuqukethwe emoyeni wezinto eziyingozi;
Inani lezitshalo eziluhlaza nge-capita ngayinye;
Umkhathi wemisebe.
Uma indawo yemigwaqo kahambahambahambayo unganquma iMephu yedolobha uqobo lwayo, futhi phambi kokulumba noma ukungabikho kohlaza ukuze uqiniseke, ukufika endaweni, khona-ke nalezi zinto ziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Ngesithombe senhloso sesimo semvelo sesiFunda, imininingwane evelele efakazelwe iyadingeka, okungeke kube lula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola. Sasiqiniseka, sizama ukufunda ngemisebe kanye nokungcoliswa komoya komoya kwezindawo ezahlukahlukene zaseMoscow. Lapho singeniswe yizakhamizi ezilula zedolobha, sazama ukuxhumana nezinye zezinhlangano zezemvelo zenhloko-dolobha, ezifana nasezikhungweni ezinkulu zaseRussia.
Ukutholakala kolwazi mayelana nesimo semvelo eminikazi ehlukahlukene ye-Federal kanye neminyango
| Into yezemvelo | Inhlangano | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UCetro | Uhlobo | Impahla | Njll | Izwe | Ihlathi | Sel. | Uhlobo | Indwetshelo | |
| Isimo / ukungcoliswa ngoLwesithathu | |||||||||
| Umoya | W. | W. | W. | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nisela | W. | W. | W. | W. | - | - | W. | W. | - |
| Inhlabathi | W. | W. | W. | V. | W. | - | W. | - | - |
| Imifino | W. | W. | - | - | - | W. | W. | - | - |
| Umhlaba Wezilwane | W. | W. | - | - | - | - | W. | - | - |
| Ukuphuma / imfucuza | |||||||||
| Ware. Ukuphuma | W. | W. | W. | - | - | - | - | W. | W. |
| Ukukhishwa kwamanzi amdaka | W. | W. | W. | - | - | - | - | W. | W. |
| Ukungcola okuqinile | W. | - | W. | - | - | - | - | W. | W. |
| Udoti Olunobungozi | W. | - | W. | V. | - | - | - | - | W. |
| Imfucumfucu yemisebe | W. | W. | W. | V. | - | - | - | - | W. |
| Ukuvikelwa nokululama | |||||||||
| Umoya | W. | - | W. | - | - | - | - | - | W. |
| Nisela | W. | - | W. | W. | - | - | - | - | W. |
| Inhlabathi | W. | - | W. | - | W. | - | - | W. | W. |
| Amaminerali. | - | - | - | W. | - | - | - | - | - |
| Imifino | W. | - | - | - | - | W. | - | W. | W. |
| Inani elibalulekile lolwazi Imininingwane ekhawulelwe / imibuzo ekhethiwe Ukwehliswa: IKomidi Lombuso LaseRussia Federation ngemvelo; Gm rosgidromet; I-Sensene Epidadzor; UNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo Wezemvelo We-Russian Federation; I-LandcoMmec; Inselleshong; I-sud ephansi; Stroystroy; I-State Complex. |
Ngokuqondene nesizinda semisebe, kulawulwa yi-Enterprise Radon eMoscow. Futhi yize kunezinto eziningi eziyingozi zemisebe enhlokodolobha nasendaweni kanye nenqwaba yemfucuza inqoqiwe, iyonke, njengoba kulandela izitatimende zabasebenzi bayo, isithombe semisebe siyachuma impela. Amanani we-Gamma-Background ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zeMoscow eguquguqukayo ebangeni le-7-14 μr / h. Ngaphezu kwalawa magama, sanikeza uhlobo lwemephu ngezindawo ezifunwayo kanye nesizinda somsakazo.
Sihlele ukuthola amadijithi asemthethweni wenani eliphakeme elivumelekile lesendlalelo se-gamma (ukuqina kwemisebe ye-gamma yezinhlayiya), kodwa njengoba ochwepheshe "Raden" esichazele, azikho izimiso ezivunyiwe zomthetho. Kukholakala kuphela ukuthi inani lesendlalelo semvelo 20-30 MKP / h lamukelekile empilweni. Uma izinkomba zesizathu esisodwa noma enye idlula enye i-30 μR / H (endabeni yendawo esondelene yocwaningo okhethekile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemfucuza ye-radioactive), ingemuva lihlolwe ngochwepheshe ecaleni ngalinye.
Ukucabanga ukuthi imininingwane ewusizo ingakhishwa kwizibalo zezokwelapha ezivela ezifweni ezikhona ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zeMosco (kwakucatshangwa ukuthi zihlanganisa isithombe sezehlakalo sezemvelo salezi zindawo), saphendukela kuma-polyclinics wesifunda somuzi. Kwavela ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola imininingwane enjalo hhayi kuphela kubahlali, kodwa futhi nezintatheli. Ukuzwa umbuzo wethu, cishe yonke imitholampilo yaphonsa ucingo noma yathi: "Ungakhohlisi ikhanda lethu." I-WTEM izikhungo zezokwelapha lapho zakwazi khona ukukhuluma nodokotela ophambili, sathunyelwa kwi-Bureau yezibalo zezokwelapha ze-County noma ehhovisi le-Health County. Kepha lapho babecacile kithina ukuthi siqonde ukuthi imininingwane enjalo ejwayelekile ayitholakali.
Maphakathi ne-Gosapapidadzor yaseMoscow naseCGSAN ONYE kwezinye izifunda zenhloko-dolobha, sanquma ukuthola imininingwane ngokuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi emotweni ethile yedolobha. Futhi edolobheni, nasesikhungweni sesifunda lolu lwazi luyakhokhelwa. Unga-oda usizo olusemthethweni ngo-pre-wabhala incwadi ebhekiswe kudokotela oyinhloko we-SES. Amanani ezinsizakalo ezinjalo, asikaze sifunde, ngoba wonke umuntu owayekhuluma nathi, ngandlela thile azama ukuzungeza lolu daba. Kodwa-ke, usizo luphinde lwazama. Banikeze izeluleko zomuntu siqu ekukhetheni kwesifunda, kuphendule ngokuningiliziwe imibuzo, kunconyelwe izakhiwo ongaxhumana ngazo ukusheshisa amacala.
Enkonzweni ye-Federal for hydrometeterology, sazama ukufunda ngesimo semvelo e-Yekaterinburg. Akukhona nje ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nalelo phawu ngalinye ledolobha, kodwa futhi linikeze nezingcingo esihlukanisweni se-hydromete seYekaterinburg hydromete ukuthola izinkomba ezisemthethweni lapho. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuvunyelwe ukubhekisa esibongo sochwepheshe bedolobha elikhulu.
Ngemuva kokukhathele isikhathi eside, sathola ukuthi umbuzo onekhono kakhulu wesikhungo senhlangano se-hydrometeterology kanye nokuqapha imvelo (CGMS). Lapha unga-oda kalula isitifiketi sokungcoliswa komkhathi endaweni ngayinye yedolobha ngalinye. Ngokulandelayo, salibangisa esikhungweni seMoscow se-hydrometeteOlogy, elinemininingwane ephelele kakhulu ngokungcoliswa komoya omkhulu. Iningi lamaningi liphatha okubukwayo kokuthunyelwe okungama-35 futhi lilawula okuqukethwe esimweni senhloko-dolobha engama-27. Lesi sikhungo sihlaziywa imininingwane yansuku zonke nokucubungula okuvela kulokhu okuthunyelwe. I-Generalhalization yayo yenziwa ngesisekelo sedatha ngesikhathi esisodwa noma esilinganiselwe sansuku zonke sokungcola okulimazayo. Ngakho-ke, funda ngesimo somoya ezifundeni zaseMoscow nokuthi kuzobiza malini lolu daba, sazama lapha.
Njengoba kwenzeka, eMoszgms, unga-oda ireferensi encishisiwe, enwetshiwe neqhathanisayo ngesimo somoya wendawo oyifunayo.
Ukuhlola isimo semvelo somuzi, ochwepheshe banaka izinkomba eziningi. Kungama-tectonics wendawo kanye namandla okuhlanzeka komkhathi; inani lamabhizinisi ezimboni kanye nezinga lengozi yalo; Inani lezokuthutha nge-capita ngayinye kanye nezinga lokuphuma emoyeni wasemadolobheni. Inani elibalulekile ekuhlolweni ukungcoliswa komoya ngomgwaqo linezimpawu zesimo semigwaqo engaphakathi, ukugcwala kwazo kanye ne-velocity ephakathi yenhlangano yezokuthutha. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kusuka kulokhu emadolobheni ahlukene, ngenombolo efanayo yezokuthutha, inani elihlukile lamagesi aqeda amandla angabonakala, ngakho-ke amazinga ahlukene okungcoliswa komoya. Ukwanda kwenani lezifo nge-asthchitial asthma kanye ne-bronchitis engapheli, ochwepheshe babopha ngokuqondile ekuhluphisweni komoya kwe-nitrogen dioxide no2, i-spunfur ne-carbon oxide, okuyizimboni ze-metallurgical, zamakhemikhali neze-petrochemical.
Isitifiketi esifushanisiwe Kuqukethe imininingwane mayelana nokungcola kokungcoliswa komoya osemkhathini, isimilo sendawo ethile futhi etholwe ngokuya ngemininingwane yokuqapha kwenethiwekhi ye-Gu "Moscow TSGMS-R". Kwenziwe usuku olu-1 futhi kubiza ama-ruble angu-1500.
Isitifiketi esandisiwe Kuqukethe:
Izici zendawo;
imininingwane emithonjeni eyinhloko yokungcola (igama lebhizinisi, izinto eziyisisekelo - ukungcola kukhishwe emkhathini) okutholakala ngaphakathi kwerediyo ye-1 km kusuka ekhelini elibekiwe;
Imininingwane ekuqoqweni kokungcola komoya emkhathini (isilinganiso sansuku zonke, isikhathi esiphezulu), isimo sendawo oyithandayo futhi esitholwe ngokusho kwenethiwekhi yokuqapha inethiwekhi "yaseMoscow TSGMS-R";
Ukuhlolwa kokungcoliswa komoya nezincomo zabantu;
Imininingwane mayelana nezinga lokungcoliswa kwemisebe yenhlabathi nomoya;
Izici eziphelele zezikhathi ezinhle nezingezinhle zokuhlala ezikhona kule ndawo.
Isikhathi sokubulawa yizinsuku ezi-3. Izindleko zenkonzo zingama-ruble angama-3000.
Isethenjwa sokuqhathanisa sizobiza ama-ruble angama-3000 afanayo. Inokuqhathanisa kwezimo zokuphila ezindaweni ezimbili ezihlukile ngokuya ngolwazi olunikezwe kwisethenjwa eseluliwe. Isikhathi sokubulawa yizinsuku ezi-3.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-CGMS angaqhuba lolu cwaningo olulandelayo lwezemvelo nge-oda:
Ukukalwa kokungcoliswa komoya ezindaweni zokuhlala nokuhlolwa kwesimo semvelo yomoya emakheli athile;
Inhlolovo Ehlanganisiwe Yezemvelo (umoya wasemkhathini, amanzi angaphezulu komhlaba, inhlabathi, ikhava yeqhwa, imisebe) - isampula) - Ukuhlaziywa kwezimpawu, ukubikezela kwezinga lokungcola, ukubalwa komonakalo.
Njengoba kucacile kusuka kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu, akulula ukufunda noma yini emizimbeni yombuso. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Article 42 yoMthethosisekelo weRussia Federation iqinisekisa izakhamizi zelungelo lokuthola imininingwane ethembekile mayelana nemvelo, kufanele uzilungiselele lokho esihlangabezana nakho okuhlukahlukene. Akuzona zonke izinhlangano ezinikela ngokuzithandela imininingwane edingekayo. Into esemqoka kuwe ukukhombisa ukuzinikezela nokubekezela. Futhi ungakhohlwa lokho, ngaphezu kombuso, kunezinhlangano eziningi zemvelo ezihlobene nezinhlaka zobulukhuni ezibalwe futhi futhi zinedatha ethembekile. Umane uxhumane nabo: ukukhokha imali, ungathola imininingwane futhi usebenzise izilinganiso ezikhethekile. Kodwa-ke, lapha futhi ukhululekile ngokuphelele imibuzo yakho eminingi.
Lapho ukhetha ifulethi, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi ngaphakathi, i-ecology nayo ayithandeki kakhulu noma ayilungile. Isibonelo, isifunda sasePerovo eMoscow sithathwa njengento engeke singesihle, futhi nesifunda saseNingizimu-Ntshonalanga - sinobungane. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, mhlawumbe kungcono ukukhetha indlu ePerovo, okukujula kwesakhiwo sokuhlala, eduze kweKuskovsky Park futhi kude nemigwaqo emikhulu yesifunda saseningizimu, kushiya amafasitela e-leninsky ithemba. Noma esinye isibonelo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Alpine Street itholakala endaweni ephakathi nendawo engcolisiwe yedolobha laseSochi, yena, ngokusho kwabahlali, ibhekwa njengomunye wabahlanzekile kakhulu. Isizathu - e-rose yemimoya. Umgwaqo ushaya kahle futhi ngenxa yalokho ephephile ngokuphila. Ngakho-ke, ukucubungula amafulethi anikezwa kuwe ukuze athengwe, abheke indawo ethile yendlu endaweni ethile yedolobha.
I-Ecology "Izindawo"
Lapho uhlangana nomenzeli wezezakhiwo, khumbula: Ukulungela kwakho kanye nokufuna inketho ehlongozwayo - ukhiye ukukhetha okuphumelelayo nokuqondile kwezindlu eziphephile. I-Realtor, inentshisekelo yokuthengisa amafulethi, iyokhetha ukupenda izinzuzo zendawo lapho itholakala khona kunokubi kwayo. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhiphe imininingwane ethembekile ngesimo sesifunda.Ukukhetha kulawo mafulethi akuhlelela endaweni yezwe, intengo, ukusondela kuya esitimeleni, njll., Okuwukuphela kwayo, landela imithetho elandelayo: munye. Dinga ukujwayela amadokhumenti engxenyeni ethi "Ukuvikelwa Kwezemvelo Nezidingo Zokuhlanzeka Nenhlanzeko", eziyingxenye yephrojekthi yokwakhiwa kwendlu.
Isigaba 37 soMthetho we-Federal "kuvikelekile yezemvelo" uthi: "Ukwakhiwa nokwakhiwa kabusha kwezakhiwo, izakhiwo, izinhlaka nezinye izikhungo kufanele zenziwe kumaphrojekthi avunyiwe okuhlolwa komthelela wezemvelo, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zemvelo, njengoba kanye nezidingo zokuhlanzeka nezokwakha, izinkambiso nemithetho. " Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi umthetho awukhombisi ukuthi inkampani yokwakha inesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngemibhalo ebhalwe phansi kumthengi wefulethi. Yonke imibhalo yiyona impahla yenkampani yokwakha, futhi ekuxazululeni ukuxazulula ubuholi bayo kuncike ukuthi ungayifunda yini le mibhalo. Kepha uma umnyombo - ehlonipha ukuzibandakanya nenkampani yamakhasimende, ebheka amalungelo abo abathengi, kungenzeka ukuthi uvunyelwe ukuqiniseka ukuthi zonke zivumela zonke futhi zibanikeze ukuzijwayeza.
Siphendukele ezinkampanini ezinkulu zokwakha, sidlala indima yabathengi abangahle basebenze, futhi sacela ukunikela ngokwayo ngengxenye "ukuvikelwa kwemvelo" njengengxenye yamaphrojekthi wezindlu ezithakazelayo. Abamele izinkampani baphendule ukuthi lesi sicelo saphendulwa ukuthi lesi sicelo sigcwaliseka kalula futhi lonke ulwazi lwamakhasimende luyatholakala. Enye into ukuthi ngokwayo isicelo esinjalo sabangela ukumangala. Ngemuva kokukhuluma nabaphathi bezentengiso, sathola ukuthi abathengi baqabukela kakhulu ngezidingo ezinjalo. I-AB kwenye yezinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu eMoscow Realtors ayikhumbuli icala elilodwa elifanayo ekusebenzeni kwazo. Kuliqiniso, sisiqinisekisile ukuthi uma iklayenti isesifiso sokuhlola imibhalo yephrojekthi, lizofezeka. Azikho izindleko ezengeziwe zalokhu okuzodingeka.
2. Bheka imibhalo yesigaba "Ukuvikelwa Kwezemvelo Nezidingo Zokuhlanzeka Nenhlanzeko". Uma unesifiso sokukhetha indawo enhle kakhulu kusuka endaweni yokubuka yezemvelo, yibo ababaluleke kakhulu kuwe futhi babalulekile ngoba banemininingwane eminingi edingekayo. Into esemqoka ukuwuthola.
Uhlu lwamadolobha anezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokungcoliswa komoya (ngokuya ngemininingwane ka-2002)
| Idolobha | Izinto ezinquma izinga eliphakeme lokungcoliswa komoya wedolobha |
|---|---|
| Ibhanium | BP, F, NO2 |
| I-bisk | NO2, BP, F |
| Amabhanatela | No2, BP, F, CS2 |
| Volgogad | No2, BP, F, HF |
| Volgodonsk | NO2, BP, F |
| Volzhsky | NO2, BP, F |
| Yekaterinburg | NO2, BP, F, Earterin |
| Irkutsk | NO2, BP, F, CO |
| I-kemerovo | NH3, BP, F, CS2 |
| Komsomolsk- amur | Bb, no2, bp, f |
| UKrasnodar | I-Phenol, no2, BP, F |
| Inkani | BP, F. |
| Ingilitsk | I-Phenol, no2, BP, F |
| Umgadi waseMagadan | Cha, no2, bp, f |
| Magnitogorsk | Bb, no2, bp, f |
| IMoscow, ingxenye eseningizimu yedolobha | NO2, BP, F |
| Nevinnomysk | Bb, no2, bp, f, hf |
| Nizhny novgorod | BB, BP, F |
| Novokuznetsk | Bb, no2, bp, f |
| I-Novorcherkassk | Bb, no2, bp, f, hf |
| I-Norilsk | BB, SO2, F, Cha |
| Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky | BP, F. |
| Rostov- don | No2, BP, F, Cha |
| Ryazan | NO2, F, CS2 |
| I-Saint Petersburg | BB, No2, F, BP, NH3 |
| UTomsk | BP, F. |
| Ulan-Ude | I-Phenol, no2, BP, F |
| UsOlyst-Siberian | NO2, BP, BB |
| I-USSURIYSK | NO2, BP, BB |
| Khabarovsk | NO2, BP, F, BB |
| Okhethiweyo waseChita | NO2, BP, F, BB |
| South Sakhalinsk | I-Saya, No2, BP, F |
| F-formaldehyde; Izinto ezivuselelwe; BP Bezenz (a) Pyrene |
Le ngxenye ifanekiselani? Idokhumenti evumayo equkethe izigatshana ezahlukahlukene. Amagama abo azobona ngokushesha, avule okuqukethwe. Sinikeza njengesibonelo okuqukethwe yidokhumenti okuyingxenye yephrojekthi yokwakha yelinye lezakhiwo zokuhlala eSouth-Eastern District yaseMoscow. Ngokusho komthethonqubo kuphrojekthi evamile yangaphambilini kanye nokulungiselela kwephrojekthi eMoscow, iqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:
1. Izici zesimo samanje sensimu yokwakhiwa okuklanywe.
1.1. Indawo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwanamuhla kwensimu. Ukubonwa komzila.
1.2. Isimo sokuhlelwa kwemvelo nedolobha.
1.3. Izimo zezwe neze-geomorphological kanye ne-hydrogeological.
1.4. Isimo sekhava yemifino.
1.5. Isimo samanje sekhava yenhlabathi.
1.6. Insimu yezokuphepha kwemisebe.
1.7. Isimo se-air pool.
2. Ukubikezela Kwezakhi Zemvelo.
2.1. Isimilo sento yokwakhiwa okuklanywe kanye nomthelela wayo wezemvelo.
2.2. Ukuvikelwa komoya osemkhathini.
2.3. Ukuvikela nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezinsizakusebenza zamanzi.
2.4. Ukuvikelwa kumsindo.
2.5. Ukuthuthuka nokutshala insimu.
2.6. Ukuhlanza insimu kwendawo.
Njengoba kungabonakala kokuqukethwe kwedokhumenti okuthakazelayo kunamabhulokhi amabili: Kokunye, isimo semvelo siboniswa ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kokwakha, ikusasa yisimo sezulu ngekusasa. Ngokwesikimu esinjalo, lesi sigaba senzelwe ukwakhiwa kwanoma yiliphi ikhaya.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi isisekelo salo mbhalo siwubuningi bolwazi oluthile kanye nokubalwa okuyinkimbinkimbi okuzoqondwa kuphela ngochwepheshe. Kufanele futhi uhlole iziphetho ezigabeni. Ziguqulwa futhi ziyaqondakala.
Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha idokhumenti ezandleni, ukuvula ngesibindi isigatshana ngesimo sokuhlela semvelo nedolobha. Bona ukuthi indlu oyithandayo itholakala kanjani maqondana nezinto ezahlukahlukene zasemadolobheni - amabhizinisi wezimboni, imigwaqo emikhulu yomgwaqo, izinsiza. Naka ngokukhethekile lezo zinto eziqhamuka kuyo eduze. Uma kunefektri noma ibhizinisi lezimboni eliseduze, funda izehlakalo ezizokwenziwa ukuze zinciphise umthelela wayo esimweni semvelo.
Uma indawo enikezwayo isenentshisekelo, hlola "ukuthuthuka nokutshala izinga lendawo". Insimu yasendlini ehlelekile kahle, futhi, enye yezinto zokuba khona okuphephile. Eduze kwendlu kumele kube yindawo yokudlala, amagalaji, amapaki ezimoto, indawo eyanele engadini. Kungenzeka ukuthi okuthile kwefulethi elinikezwe kulo msebenzi ngeke kube. Kwenzeka ukuthi abathuthukisi baxhumanise imibhalo yephrojekthi ngamaphutha ahlukahlukene. Izakhamizi ezikhuphukayo zibhekana nokuthi akukho mpande yokupaka nezimoto eduze kwendlu nezimoto kufanele zibeke ngqo ku-Lawn. Noma kungazelelwe kuvela ukuthi akukho lapho kungahamba khona nezingane, ngoba bakhohlwa ngenkundla yokudlala noma bayixazulula eduze komgwaqo omkhulu. Isiphetho: Qaphela! Funda le nto ngokuningiliziwe futhi ungesabi ukubukeka ubonakale kakhulu - ubuza imibuzo yangempela. Yize kunjalo, kukuwe, hhayi ukuthi kuzofanela aphile endlini oyikhethayo.
Esigabeni esilandelayo, naka "ukuvikelwa komoya wezulu". Nayi yonke imithombo yezinto eziyingozi ezenzelwe eduze kwendlu (ngokwesibonelo, ukupaka) kanye nezinga lokungcoliswa komoya wezulu kubalwa. Imininingwane esesisekelo sokuthi izibalo zenziwa zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-2.
Iqembu lokuqala liyidatha ekuhlanganisweni kwangemuva kokungcola endaweni yokwakhiwa okusolwayo. Zitholakala enkonzweni ephakathi ye-hydrometeterological. Iqembu lesibili ledatha (mayelana nezilungiselelo) linikezwa abaklami. Isibonelo, zingaki izindawo zokupaka zibalwa, lapho kuzotholakala khona ibanga futhi ngaliphi ibanga elivela endlini, njll.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, kucatshangelwa ama-roses wemimoya, ukuhlakazwa kwezingconuko kanye nokuhlushwa kwazo emoyeni kubalwa. Isibonelo, siphendukela ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sokuhlala ngokusho kwephrojekthi eyodwa esifundeni saseNtshonalanga eseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeMoscow. Eduze kwesakhiwo esikhulu kuphrojekthi kuhlinzekela ukuba khona kwesikhungo sasenkulisa esinamathiselwe kanye nokupaka umphakathi okuvulekile. Singabaqashi abangaba khona, okokuqala, banesithakazelo, ukuthi ngabe izikhala zezwe phakathi nendawo yokupaka izimoto nekhaya uqobo ziyabonwa.
Uma ukupaka kunesikhundla esihle, kepha kutholakala kude ne-7 m kusuka esakhiweni sokuhlala (okungenani 10), bese ebusika, lapho abanikazi bezimoto bezofudumeza izimoto zabo, izakhamizi zifinyelela ku-4-5 phansi ngeke ukwazi ukuvula amawindi. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ngabe isisindo sokuphuma kokungcola okuvela kumthombo osanda kufakwa kwe-10% mpc (ukuhlukunyezwa okuvunyelwe okuphezulu) ngakunye kwawo. Yilesi sibalo esibaluleke kakhulu eMoscow, lapho ingemuva lokuqoqwa kwezinto eziyingozi luyanda.
Imithetho yezikhala zezwe phakathi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala kanye nendawo yokupaka evulekile ingacaciswa endalini yoMnyango Wezemvelo woMnyango Wezokuhlelwa Kwezemvelo woMnyango Wezemvelo Wokulawulwa Kwezemvelo kanye nokuvikelwa kwezemvelo noma kunoma yiziphi izikhungo ze-State-Poidnadzor. Ngokwemininingwane esisinike sona, ukupaka akufanele kube khona eduze kwamamitha ayi-10-16 ukusuka endlini. Sinxusa iphrojekthi yokwakha: "... Ukupaka kuzotholakala kungabi ngaphezu kwe-12 m kusuka ekungeneni kwesakhiwo esenziwe." Njengoba ubona, kuyahambisana nento ejwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ukubalwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokukhishwa kokungcola emkhathini. Sinesifiso esivumelwaneni: "Ngenxa yokubalwa kwesisindo sokuphuma nokuhlakazeka emoyeni wokungcola okuqukethwe ekuphumeni kwemithombo evinjelwe, kusungulwe ukuthi ukugxilisa indawo endaweni eklanywe kwalo Isakhiwo sendawo yokuhlala esiseduze ngeke sibe ngaphezulu kwe-0.05-0, i-1 MPC ... Ukunyuka, ukuqaliswa kweziphakamiso zephrojekthi ngeke kuholele umthelela omkhulu emvelweni ekungcoleni kwamakhemikhali. "
Vele, ngeke ukwazi ukubheka ukunemba kwalezo ziphetho, ngakho-ke uzoqinisekisa ukuthi ubukhona bezimvume zeGosanepidnadzor Project bufakazi obuhlelekile bokuthi iziphetho zilungile futhi ziphephile ngokwemvelo .
Ngemuva kwalokho, jwayezane nezinye izingxenye ezikuthandayo. Uma ungatholanga lutho olubi lokuhlala kwakho endaweni enikezwe, sikucebisa ukuthi uqhathanise lokho ekuqaleni okuhlinzekelwe kuphrojekthi yokwakha, okushiwo lokho okushiwo. Isibonelo, kuphrojekthi, indlu enegalari elingaphansi komhlaba ngezimoto eziyi-100. Zonke izibalo ezinikezwe kuphrojekthi zikhombisa ukuthi ukuphuma kule nombolo yemishini akweqibisi izimiso futhi akuzona eziyingozi empilweni. Usuvele uyothenga ifulethi, futhi uyatshelwa: "Sinegaraji elihle lezimoto ezingama-200." Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimo zokuqala kanye nezimvume zephrojekthi okuvunyelwene ngazo zephulwa nokukhishwa kwemishini emishini kuzoba kabili kakhulu. Noma izindawo zokupaka izimoto zahlongozwa endaweni eyodwa, futhi bazenze bahluke ngokuphelele.
Into esemqoka kulesi simo ukufunda kabanzi ngokwephulwa futhi akhombe umuntu okuthengisela wena efulethini lokungahambisani nemibhalo okuvunyelwene ngayo ngemibhalo okuvunyelwene ngayo. Ngokomthetho, ungafuna ukulungiswa kwalokhu kwephula umthetho.
3. Cela ukujwayeza uhlelo lweSimo, okubuye kube yingxenye yephrojekthi yokwakha. Leli cebo libonisa izakhiwo nezakhiwo nezinhlaka ezivelele, kanye nemigwaqo namavesi. Yihlole ngokucophelela. Naka ukunaka ukuthi ngeke baphakamise isakhiwo esisha noma bavule umgwaqo osondele ekhaya lakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungabona ukuthi ikhaya lakho lizotholakala kanjani maqondana nezinye izinto. Njengoba uhlole uhlelo ngokuningiliziwe, nquma ukuthi izindlu zesikhathi esizayo zikulungele kangakanani.
ezine. Uma, ngemuva kwezicelo zakho, akukubi ukujwayelana nazo zonke izindlu zangempela ezisohlwini, mcele ukuthi akhombise imephu yama roses omoya. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi atshele iNonsoice, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi uyibuke nayo yonke inqubo ukunikeza ukubaluleka okukhethekile. Imvamisa leli khadi lisetshenziswa lapho kubalwa ukungcoliswa komoya osemkhathini, futhi uma kuqinisekisiwe, kuyadingeka. Isibonelo, ngezifunda zaseMoscow, kubhekwa okufanayo kwangemuva kokungcola ngokwesilinganiso, enye into ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwawo kuncike ekuqondisweni komoya. Landelela i-Windows e-Isitolo se-Windows. Futhi ngayinye kwezinye iziteshi ze-meteorological ezisebenza enhlokodolobha, izinkomba zazo. Ngakho-ke ukuze uhlole ukuthi ngabe isiteshi sezulu sisetshenziswa yini futhi ukubalwa kwenziwa kahle, futhi ikhadi liyadingeka.
Ungacela ukukhombisa umoya ovuke kakhulu esiteshini se-meteorological okukhulunywa ngaso. Isibonelo, etholakala endaweni yedolobha laseVDNH. Kule mephu uzobona ukuthi imimoya ye-Western Quarter ibusa eMoscow. Ngakho-ke, uma maqondana nendlu yakho yendlu yezimboni itholakala eNyakatho nentshonalanga, entshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, futhi ukusuka lapho kuyovame ukushaya umoya, khona-ke konke ukungcola kuzoba eduze kwakho. I-AVTI uma izimboni ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokwesibonelo empumalanga, khona-ke ngeke zikuthinte. Usebenzisa isibonelo sekhadi elifanayo, kuyacaca ukuthi izifunda ezifiphele kakhulu zaseMoscow zisenyakatho nentshonalanga, entshonalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Umoya ofanayo uqhubekela phambili emahlathini. Umphumela uba ngalezi zindawo futhi uthathwa njengento enhle kakhulu yokuphila.
ezinhlanu. Ekugcineni, ngaphezu kwesiphelo se-State-Poodnadzor, cela ukujwayela isiphetho kuphrojekthi ekhishwe yi-Federal Service for hydrometeterology kanye nokuqapha imvelo. Qaphela ukuthi le mibhalo ayiphoqelekile ukuhlinzeka izakhamizi. Kepha uma kunesifiso sokuthengisa amafulethi, kungenzeka, isicelo sakho sizogculisa.
Yonke imininingwane equkethwe kuphrojekthi yokwakha iyisikhulu. Kusho ukuthi wadlula zonke izinhlobo zamasheke nobungcweti ngakho-ke buthembekile. Ngakho-ke, sesifunde futhi siqhathanise yonke imininingwane etholakalayo, ungenza isinqumo ngokukhethwa kwendawo nasekhaya. Umsebenzi ubhekene nalokhu futhi unzima. Ngakho-ke uma ungabaza okuthile, sikucebisa ukuthi ucele usizo kochwepheshe. Izinhlangano ezibandakanyekile emvelweni, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uqondanisekile, namuhla ubanjwa- zombili izizwe futhi ziyimfihlo. Thatha umkhombandlela wefoni ofanayo nocingo ...
Ngokuvamile, akunasithombe esinjalo esimnandi. Singasho ngokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu: Impumelelo ngendlela enzima yokukhetha indawo echumayo ikakhulukazi incike ekukhuthazeleni kwakho kanye nesifiso sokuthola imininingwane edingekayo. Futhi indlela ojulile kakhulu ecaleni, kulapho kukhulu khona lapho indawo oyikhethile iluphephe ngempela. I-ANAPPLLICA ingenye iseluleko: Ngaphambi kokuthenga ifulethi, iya ezinsukwini zesonto ngakule ndawo endaweni yasekhaya, hlola izinto eziseduzane ngokucophelela. Ukuhleleka okuhlelekile kwezemvelo akusho ukuthi empeleni konke kuzobe kungabi namafu njengephepheni.
Kuzoqhutshwa.
Ngezinga lamanje lokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, kungenzeka ukuthi bahlukanise ngokuphelele ikhaya lakho kusuka komoya wasemadolobheni ongcolile usebenzisa amawindi apulazitiki, iminyango enomnyango onamakhaza, njll. Kepha ukufakwa kwamawindi acwebile kuvame ukubekezela Ubukhulu, futhi bukhulisa isimo lesi simo, ngoba emakamelweni aphansi anciphe ngokungenakuphikwa ngakho-ke kunesidingo sokushintshaniswa komoya wemvelo. Ngamunye wethu ukhipha isilinganiso samalitha ayi-23 ekhabhoni diokmide ngehora. Ukwazi okuqukethwe kwayo emoyeni wasemkhathini (0.3 l / m3) kanye nenani elivumelekile ngaphakathi (1 l / m3) kungabalwa lokho, ukulondolozwa okusha kwendawo yokuhlala, ijubane lokushintshaniswa komoya kumuntu oyedwa kufanele okungenani libe ngu-33M3 / H. Ngakho-ke, ibubububububule kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-60 m3 / h umuntu ngamunye. Ngandlela thile vula efulethini, amafasitela avaliwe kuzofanela avule njalo, agijime endlini kanye nokungcoliswa kwezindiza okusha ngo-Air Air Street Pollotants (i-soot, uthuli, amagesi e-CO2, NO2, njll.), Iphunga elingathandeki, nasebusika - futhi nasebusika - futhi ebusika - futhi nasebusika Impilo yamakhaya, ikakhulukazi izingane nabantu asebekhulile, bazwela kakhulu okusalungiswa.
Kodwa-ke, le nkinga ayisebenzi ekukhipheni ubunzima, ikakhulukazi uma abanikazi befulethi benezinkulungwane ezingama- $ 3-10. Yimali enjalo ezodingeka ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuhlinzekwa kanye nomoya omncane, olunikeza igumbi elidingekayo Ukuphefumula okujwayelekile ngomoya omusha futhi kuqinisekisa ukususwa kusuka efulethini nomoya "wasebenza" ezinhlobonhlobo zokungcola okuhlukahlukene. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zakhiwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene, indima eyinhloko phakathi kwazo ezidlalwa yi-monoblock noma i-typexcine noma izitshalo zokuphelelwa amandla ezibhekele ukuhlanza (futhi zifudumele lapho kunesidingo), kanye nokunikezwa komoya efulethini.
Ukuhlinzekwa kokufaka okutholile, ngenxa yentengo efanelekile, ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu ezinhlelweni zokupholisa umoya ngamunye kufakwe ku-loggias kanye nama-balconies (ngaphansi kophahla noma phansi) noma, kufana namabhulokhi angaphandle ama-split-systems, ngqo udonga lwangaphandle lwesakhiwo. Imvamisa bafakwa ezindaweni ezifudumele - emakamelweni okugcina, amakamelo okugqoka noma amapharamu asondelene nodonga lwangaphandle lwendlu. Lapha, ngenxa yokuphakama kwayo okuphansi okuphansi nobude, lokhu kufakwa kungacasha ngemuva kophahla noma womsila ophahleni olukhuphukile; ifakwe phansi phansi eduze kodonga lwangaphandle; Kubanda ezinhlakeni zokwakha (izindonga, amakholomu, njll.). Ukukhawulela umthwalo wokudlidliza ku-overlap, ngakho-ke lowo msindo awusetshenziswa, asetshenziswa ama-insulitators e-Spring Vibration asetshenziswa.
Umoya ungena kuyunithi yokuhlinzekwa ngokuqondile emgwaqweni (lapho "ugandaganda" emi kwi-loggia noma enamathiselwe odongeni lwangaphandle) noma nge-valve yokudla komoya kanye ne-duct yomoya (lapho ifakwe endaweni evuthayo). Ihlanzwa ngothuli kanye nokungcola kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokuhlunga, uma kunesidingo, kufuthelwe ku-callorier kagesi noma yamanzi, ngemuva kwalokho abalandeli be-centrifugal bafakwe kunethiwekhi yemikhakha yomoya. Lokhu kugcina kwefulethi nendawo efinyelela ku-130m2 imvamisa imvamisa kusuka ku-duct-coreccer kanye nama-ducts anezimo zomoya atholwe ukugeleza ezindaweni ezahlukene zegumbi elingenamimoya. Ama-air ducts aphela ngama-lictices asabalalisa womoya, noma ama-difflers, indawo nokukhethwa kwawo okungezona okungakanani ngokucatshangelwa okulinganiswayo njengezimpawu ezifanele zokusatshalaliswa komoya. Phambili umugqa, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngejubane elincane lokugeleza komoya ukuze kungabikho umuzwa wokusalungiswa. Abasabalalisi bendiza bakhiqizwa okuhlukahlukene ngesimo: kungenzeka kube yisikwele (basetshenziselwa kuphela ukukhwela ophahleni), okujikelezayo (kophahla kanye nezindonga) kanye noxhasi (ezindongeni).
Ububi obukhulu bokusebenzisa ama-air ducts ukunciphisa ukuphakama kophahla ezweni lonke noma kwendawo. Kepha ezingxenyeni eziphakathi ezishicilelwe emakhasini amaphephabhuku ethu, kuvame ukuba nezixazululo zangempela zokwenza izinto zokwenza uhlaka kusuka ku-drywall, ukulingiswa izinto nezinhloso ze-curly nenhloso yokwakha ejwayelekile. Kubo futhi ungafihla ama-ndioneration air ducts kanye namabhulokhi ngokwawo. Ukuphakama okuncane kwe- "Fittings" kungu-310-370mm. Izincwadi kufanele zihlele ukufinyelela kwamahhala kokulungiswa kanye nensizakalo, zibuyise izihlungi. Okungukuthi, ku-masking trim, akumele ukhohlwe ukwenza umgodi wezobuchwepheshe noma umnyango. Okunye okubalulekile ukushuba kokufakwa okuzwakalayo kuma-ducts kanye nasezindlini. Le nkomba izonquma ukuthi yini ongakwazi futhi omakhelwane bakho balale ngokuphepha (umoya omncane umsindo). Umbuzo akulula, ikakhulukazi uma imishini ifakwa endaweni eyizindisingi, eduze kwabantu.
Lapho usebenzisa ukufakwa kokulethwa, kungenzeka ukwenqaba i-Supply Air Duct nhlobo, imvamisa zivame ukungena emafulethini angashadile futhi amabili. Ukugeleza kuqhamuka ekufakweni nge-duct yomoya emfushane ngqo egumbini eliseduze ne-loggia noma udonga lwangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokucindezelwa ngokweqile, kusebenza ezakhiweni eziseduze (ngokwesibonelo, ngokusebenzisa ama-grid agelezayo wokuphefumula afakwe phakathi kwamakamelo). Ukukhishwa komoya (okubizwa ngokuthi yisinxephezelo se-Tributary) kungenziwa kuphela ngenxa yengcindezi eyeqile eyenziwe ngokufakwa okuhlinzekiwe efulethini, futhi kwenzeka ngesiteshi sokungena komoya osekhishini noma ngosizo lwabalandeli be-Kitchen Kufakiwe In The Kitchen Effect Channel nasegumbini lokugezela.
Umnotho owengeziwe (kusukela lapho kubukwa kwezindleko zokusebenza) uhlelo lokungena komoya ofuywayo lungakhelwa ngesisekelo sokulethwa nokufakwa ngokweqile. Le divayisi ivame ukufakwa endaweni evuthayo - efulethini noma kwi-loggia efudumele. Inikeza hhayi ukugeleza okusha kuphela, kepha futhi ukususwa komoya ophelelwayo ngale kwesakhiwo. Ukugeleza komoya okusha nokuphelelwa ngamandla kuhamba ekufakweni eziteshini ezimbili ezidlula ngokushisa ku-Heat Ultizer (Plate, Rotary, Pull Pump). Ikuvumela ukuthi ufudumele noma uphole (kuya ngesizini) umoya othwala umoya ngenxa yokushisa noma ukubanda kokugeleza kokuphelelwa yisikhathi okuphonswe emvelweni. Ukulondolozwa kwamandla okudliwa ukufudumeza umoya ongenamoya ngesikhathi sokubanda kungaqhathaniswa neyunithi elijwayelekile lokuhlinzekwa ngo-60-85%, kepha kumakhaza aqinile (-10C kanye nokuphansi) ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kuvame ukuncishiswa, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngu-0% , ngenxa ye-frostzwation izakhi ezakhayo ze-UTElizer.
Ngaphezu kwe-Utal, abalandeli be-trim kanye nogesi batholakala ekuhlinzekweni kanye nasezindlini zokufaka izindlu; Hlunga ukuhlinzeka ukuhlanza komoya ongenayo othulini; I-Electric noma i-heater yamanzi, okudingekayo ekushiseni okwengeziwe komoya wokuphakela kube yindawo ebandayo, nabanye. Ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okunjalo kuyabiza kakhulu kunezikhathi ezingama-2,5-2, namadivayisi afanayo ) Kubizelwe kakhudlwana.
Izilungiselelo ze-MonoBlock zokuthaka zigcwele izihlungi, kunezigaba ezimbili nokuhlanza okuhle, futhi zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo. I-EU1 Thayipha izihlungi zama-coarse zisetshenziswa ngezidingo eziphansi zokuhlanzeka komoya. Ilungele ukuvikelwa kwezakhiwo ezivela ekungcoleni okukhulu ngokweqile, ngokwesibonelo, kusuka ku-poplar fluff. Izihlungi ze-EU2-EU4 zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukwehla komoya onikezwe emoyeni, uma ukugcwala kothuli endaweni yendlu noma eduze nezindawo zokuphuza umoya kuphakeme kancane kune-MPC (Phemisi ukugxila okuvumelekile). Izinhlayiya zibambezeleka ama-microns ezingaphezu kwama-5 futhi, ngokwesisekelo, izinhlayiya azikwazi ukubamba ngaphansi kwama-2 μm ngesikhathi sothuli kungabi ngaphezu kwe-0.5-1 m3. Ngamanye amagama, la madivaysi awakwazi ukuhlanza umoya kusuka ekuqedeni kwezinjini zedizili nokukhishwa kwe-boiler - okuvame kakhulu umoya wokungcola komoya. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka izihlungi ezinhle zokuhlanza okuhle ze-EU5-EU9, ezikuhle ngothuli olukhulu lomoya, ukugxila okuphezulu kwamalahle noma ama-oyela ezindaweni zokuphuza umoya futhi ulungele kangcono ukuvikela ama-pheft, ifenisha nezinye izinto ze ingaphakathi kusuka kuthuli oluhle. Izihlungi ezinhle zokuhlanza ezinhle kakhulu zibamba izinhlayiya ezinkulu kune-0.1 μm lapho uthuli lungekho ngaphezu kwe-0,5 mr / m3.
Ezimweni eziningi, okubizwa ngokuthi i-EU3 -UU7 Ukuhlanza Izihlungi Zekilasi kusetshenziswa ekufakweni kwezindiza okuhlangene. Ziqukethe uhlaka olwenziwe ngensimbi ye-galvanized, ama-mesh pads angaphandle, kanye namaphakethe avela kokuhlunga okubonakalayo, ahlelwe ngama-clamp akhethekile. Ngokuya ngezinga lokuhlanzwa, aqukethe inani elihlukile lamaphakethe futhi enziwe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene (i-polyester, i-fiberglass). Ngokusho kochwepheshe, imikhiqizo ye-fiberglass engcono igcina izakhiwo zayo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokusebenza, kepha bazilahla ngokushesha ngaphansi kwethonya lomswakama.
Ngokuhlinzekwa kwegesi okunamandla komoya wangaphandle (ngokwesibonelo, umgwaqo omkhulu ophilayo utholakala eduzane) njengoba izinga lesibili lokuhlanza ngemuva kokuthi iyunithi ye-compact apply ngemuva kwekhabhoni evuliwe ngekhabhoni eyenziwe nge-activated, emunca ngempumelelo amaphunga amahle e-gaseous . I-carbon ejwayelekile eyenziwe yasebenza emazingeni okushisa okusebenza kuze kube ngu-40 ° C kanye nomswakama ohlobene kuze kube ngu-70%. Ngokushesha ulahlekelwa yizakhiwo zayo lapho umswakama, esikhundleni sezinyanga eziyi-6 zokusebenza, ungahluleka, futhi ngandlela thile uvikele ukuthi akunakwenzeka.
Isihlungi samalahle sidingidwa ukufakwa kokudla okune-monoblock ngenketho eyengeziwe, imvamisa ifakwe izihlungi zemishini kuphela, ngoba amandla omlandeli akwanele ukunqoba isithiyo esingeziwe se-aerodynamic endleleni yomoya. Ingcindezi ephansi fan kufanele ibe okungenani ama-450 pa. Ukungasho ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi lapho izihlungi zingcolisiwe, zikhuphuka ziye ku-200-400 pa. Vele, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa iqembu le- "Shape", lapho umane ukhethe izici zohlelo lwamandla bese ubeka noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlunga, kufaka phakathi imishini yokuhlunga, yamalahle, ama-photocatalytic kanye ne-antibacterial kanye ne-antibacterial kanye ne-antibacterial. Kepha ukufakwa okufanele okuqoqwe yi-oda ngakunye kuzobiza kakhulu kuneZinga, ikakhulukazi, ngenxa yesidingo sokubheka i-fan ngokufakwa okufanayo komsindo okufanayo nakumadivayisi we-monoblock (kufika ku-35 dB). Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-50-55 db yomsindo osebenzayo, "okhipha" i-fan evamile ebekiwe, ngeke inikeze ukuphumula noma omakhelwane.
Inketho ithakazelisa ngokwengeziwe lapho ukulethwa okujwayelekile kwe-monoblock noma ukufakwa kokukhipha izimpahla okuhlome izihlungi zemishini kusetshenziselwa ukubopha nge-insour air harifier ngokwahlukana. Ukufakwa kwale divayisi kufaka zonke izinhlobo zokuhlunga, kufaka phakathi amalahle amalahle. Sibhale ngamanye amacebo aningi magazini ku-N7 yamagazini wethu ka-2000. Bakhiqizwa yi-Bionair (Canada), i-Electroll (e-USA), i-Delongwell (Italy), amaPhilips (Holland (Holland (Holland), Amanye amanani aguquguqukayo angakapheli ama- $ 200 kuya ku-300.
Abakhiqizi abaphambili bemishini yezinhlelo zokufaka umoya omncane zisebenza emakethe yaseRussia: I-Systereir (Sweden), Pyrox (Norway), i-Hitachi, iSlovenin (Japan), i-VTS CHRA (Sweden), "Moven", "Kama-Air Conditioning", "Weza", "insiza", "Arktos" (Russia), njll.
Khonza (Hlanza kusuka othulini, hlambulula noma ushintshe noma ushintshe khona) ukuhlunga kubalulekile ngokuhambisana nemigomo nezinqubo ezinconywe ngumenzi. Khipha amamodeli okuhlinzekwa kanye nokuhlinzekwa kokufaka nokufaka amandla okufunda ngesidingo sokushintsha noma ukuhlanza isihlungi, ungakhombisa kwiphaneli yokulawula. Qaphela ukuthi abakhiqizi be-Supply bancoma ngokuqinile kusetshenziswa izihlungi "zomdabu" noma ezenziwe ngabakhiqizi abathile futhi zilungele ubukhulu, umthwalo othize engxenyeni yangaphambili. Ukuhlunga kwamalahle okungavumelekile, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sokuthi kudingekile cishe kanye ezinyangeni ezi-6 (ngezimo ezingekho emthethweni, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwengeziwe umenzi womswakama olawulwa ngokulandelana). Iqoqo lokuhlunga kwamalahle, kuya ngohlobo, lungabiza u- $ 10-60 nangaphezulu.
Ukubalwa kwenani lokuhlinzekwa kanye nomoya wokuphelelwa umoya omncane - ukusetshenziswa komoya omusha we-500m3 / h, indawo efulethini le-130m2 (ngokuya ngeNkampani "South Grand")
| Ibizo | Isifanekiso | Intengo, $ | Inombolo ye | Inani, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukufakwa kwamanzi okukhipha umoya ngohlobo lokushisa lwe-Vam Company Daikin | I-VAM 500 F. | 3300. | okukodwa | 3300. |
| Isilawuli kude | BRC301B61. | 230. | okukodwa | 230. |
| Isixhumanisa | Krp50-2 | 175. | okukodwa | 175. |
| Ukukhethela kokukhetha | IGC 200. | 32. | okukodwa | 32. |
| Bheka i-valve | I-VKK 200. | 98. | okukodwa | 98. |
| Isihlungi (EUZ) | Ffr 200. | 169. | okukodwa | 169. |
| Umlandeli wesiteshi | I-KV 200 M. | 160. | okukodwa | 160. |
| Okokunciphisa umsindo | I-LDC-200-600 | 105. | okukodwa | 105. |
| Ikhalori kagesi, 4.8 kw | CB-250-4.8. | 372. | okukodwa | 372. |
| Umlawuli wokushisa womoya wokushisa umoya | I-Pulser. | 142. | okukodwa | 142. |
| Inzwa yokushisa yomoya yokushisa yomoya | I-TG-K330 | 46. | okukodwa | 46. |
| Igridi yangaphandle | Vk 25. | 37. | okukodwa | 37. |
| Bheka i-valve | I-RSK 200. | amashumi amabili | okukodwa | amashumi amabili |
| Ama-ducts anokufakwa, m2 | - | 38. | 29. | 1102. |
| I-G100 Throttle valve | - | ishumi nesishiyagalolunye | okune | 76. |
| I-Throttle Valve Z160 | - | amashumi amabili | okukodwa | amashumi amabili |
| I-ventiration grille | Sag 100x300 | 23. | 2. | 46. |
| I-ventiration grille | Sag 100x500. | 37. | isishiyagalombili | 296. |
| I-ventiration grille | Sag 100x400. | amashumi amathathu | 2. | 60. |
| Pemelat grille | I-DG 500X250 | 76. | okukodwa | 76. |
| Umfakisi wokuphekela phansi | I-EXT 711 D. | 95. | okukodwa | 95. |
| I-adaptha ngaphansi kwe-grille | - | 42. | 6. | 252. |
| Imishini ephelele nokudla | 7254. | |||
| Ukumba amadayimane | 200. | |||
| Ukukhwela nokuthuma | Ngo-1838. | |||
| -Nke | 9292. | |||
| Qaphela. Ukufakwa okukhipheni ngempahla nge-Plate Heat Recuperator emndenini wezingane ezine (igumbi lezingane, igumbi lokulala, igumbi lokuhlala nekhishi). Ukusetshenziswa komoya okusha kuhambisana nezidingo ze-SNIP (ngokuthola abantu okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi). Isidingo sesikhundla ngasinye, kanye nokwenziwa lula kwesikimu kuxoxwa ngakho ngawodwana. |
Okuqukethwe kwakulungiselelwe kusetshenziswa ucwaningo kanye nokwakheka kanye nendawo yokudlela yase-Ecology eMoscow. Sibonga i-Gu "Moscow Center for hydrometeterology kanye nokuqapha imvelo", insizakalo ye-Federal of Russia ku-hydrometeteology kanye nokuqapha imvelo, i-ejensi yemininingwane yezemvelo "i-Ineo" ukuze uthole usizo lapho kulungiswa izinto ezibonakalayo.