Ukwakhiwa kwamachibi angaphandle: indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema amaphutha ukutadisha okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini futhi uthathe okungcono kakhulu kukho.
Izingxenye zePavilion zingasethwa kabusha ziye ohlangothini futhi zijabulele amanzi nelanga
Amachibi avuthayo awadingi umsebenzi wokulungiselela nokwakha kanye nokukhokhiswa
Ihlobo lokuzivikela ehlobo libonisa izibuko zamanzi ze-contour
Ngokubekwa komhlaba okuphakathi kwamachibi okusaqanda, izindonga eziqondile zixhumeke imichilo eguqukayo futhi zokwehlilwa yipinki
I-K-D Pool (K-D Products) Uhlaka
Ukungena kweveli yezobuchwepheshe kufanele kube lula futhi kufinyeleleke kalula.
Izigaba zePulasitiki Hydro Pool (amachibi e-Hydra) zifaka ekhaphethini ekhonkolo, ziqinisa ngama-bolts futhi ziprofethe ngama-countephorties
I-MOSAIC ikuvumela ukuthi ubusise kahle noma yimuphi umphezulu wesitsha
Amachibi e-Tile awakhawulelwe kuwo wonke amajamo anxande.
Imicengezi ye-caisson yanoma imaphi amafomu ingenziwa iphelele noma ihlanganiswe kumamojula
Iveli lobuchwepheshe kufanele libe nesiteshi sokususa amanzi
Ukunamathiselwa kwesilinganiselo kuzokwakha "umfula" noma kuphi esitsheni
Ngokusho kwabakhi, izindawo zokuhlala ezakhelwe esifundeni saseMoscow zakhiwe ngokushesha, kwathi cishe zingama-20% - cishe zihlelwe. Uma kuqhathaniswa namachibi ama-semisal kuwo wonke ama-moscow kwabanye, izinombolo ziyamangaza. Ibutho labachwepheshe lisebenza kuphi kule ndawo? Kucace bha ukuthi hhayi amanyuvesi abakulungiselele, ikhono kanye nesipiliyoni batholwa ngokulingwa namaphutha. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema amaphutha amasha ukuhlola isipiliyoni sangaphambilini futhi uthathe okungcono kakhulu kukho.
Tropick ngokuphila isikhathi eside
Ngobudala obuvela kwinkumbulo yomuntu, imininingwane yemicimbi eminingi ebalulekile yempilo iyasulwa. Kodwa ngisho nabadala abangamakhulu bamakhulu bagcina ukugqama kwezinye zezingane ezivelayo: imfudumalo kanye nompheko wendlu, isithombe sendlu, ukuhamba okujabulisayo, ukugeza okumnandi ... Ngubani oyaziyo, lezi zinkumbulo, isifiso sobunye neNkombana Noma ukukhathalela okuqondakalayo kwempilo yabo kusiza abantu ukwakha ichibi? Kepha iqiniso liyabonakala: kusuka kwizesekeli zokuzilibazisa kwechibi elikhethiwe kancane liphendukela ekuphileni okuphakathi kwempilo ephakathi. Kugqugquzelwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwamachibi angaphandle, isibuko esinamanzi sawo asikhanyiswa ngokukhululekile ilanga. Bakhanga ini?Okokuqala, ukuthunyelwa okungokomzwelo nangokwengqondo kutholakala ngosizo lwabo akuqhathaniswa nanoma yini ngaphandle kokubhukuda emfuleni wangempela. Imisebe efudumele yelanga, i-tan, umoya omusha, amanzi anothando, utshani obuluhlaza, izinyoni eziphumayo - konke lokhu kunciphisa ukucindezela futhi kuphulukisa izifo. I-AOOkwer, uma ichibi lifakwe "ukwanda" okuhlukile kohlobo lwe-geyser, impophoma, isilayidi noma ibhodi lentwasahlobo, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi ngikukhumbule hhayi nhlobo. IVarnger akuyona kuphela lokho ubuhle obukho konke, kodwa futhi iqiniso lokuthi esifundeni kungenzeka ukuthi akusekho umfula noma ichibi, lapho kungenzeka khona ukugeza ngaphandle kwengozi yokuthatha ingozi.
Okwesibili, amachibi angaphandle ashibhile ashibhile. Uhlobo lwehlobo lwe-32mm3 ceol Pool kusuka ku- $ 370. Ukuze uqhathanise: Ukubulawa kobusika "noMfonavulo" wakhe "kuzobiza u- $ 1,100 (i-plug). Kuliqiniso, imikhawulo ephezulu yezindleko zezakhiwo ezivulekile cishe zingama- $ 20,000 (ukhonkolo, uMose, "Beams"). Yize kudingekile ukuvuma ukuthi amachibi avulekile abiza kakhulu ngaphezu kokuvalwa (sizokhuluma kabanzi ngalokhu ngezansi).
Okwesithathu, isibuko samanzi esikhazimulayo sihlotshiswe kakhulu ngesakhiwo futhi sivame ukuba ukukhangathwa kwezwe.
Yini evimbela ukwakhiwa okubanzi kwalezi zinhlaka (ngaphandle kwalokho, ubunzima bezezimali)? Okokuqala, isikhathi esilinganiselwe sokusetshenziswa konyaka siyizinyanga ezi-3-6. Ngemuva kwalokho - ubunzima bokuqukethwe kokugeza kuhlanzekile. Ukungcola okuningi okuhlukahlukene kuwela kuwo. Isihlabathi, uthuli lomoya, ukuletha amakhefu amakhemikhali, utshani, izingxabano ze-algae, impova yezimbali, izinambuzane namaxoxo kuyakwazi ukuguqula ichibi lakho le-crystal libe yi-emerald swamp. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuzwa unomuzwa ojulile wokuthi ichibi liyinto ephilayo futhi akunakwenzeka ukumthembisa nganoma yisiphi isiphetho, uzokufa. Izindleko zamakhemikhali adingekayo phakathi nesizini zingama- $ 70 ngevolumu yokugeza engu-10m3. Kepha ungacabangi ukuthi uzoboshwa echibini, njengezigqila zemibumba, - cishe konke ukuthengiselana kokunakekelwa kungaphathiswa amadivayisi azenzakalelayo. Kuphela manje abavinjelwe kusuka ku- $ 1,500 kuya ku- $ 6,000, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile babedingeka ngezikhathi ezithile (uma behluleka ohlelweni noma bacime ugesi).
Enye inkinga ukugcinwa kobusika echibini. Vele, kuhle ukubheka imizimba evinjelwe yokubhukuda kanye nokubushelelezi okwesibhakabhaka ezinhlelweni zokukhangisa ze-iowinirm. Kuphela kuphela, amaqhwa esinezinyanga eziyi-5-6. I-Hipromerzing inhlabathi, emanzi asemhlabeni entwasahlobo ahlukumeza ngakho konke phansi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukucabanga kusengaphambili ukuthi ungaligcina kanjani echibini ebusika - susa egumbini noma ushiye umoya ovulekile. Zombili lezi zinketho, kuphela ukwakheka kwezindleko nezindleko ezizohluka.
Ekugcineni, ngesinye isimo, ngesizotha esinyazwa abakhi, abathengisi kanye nabalobi bezincwadi eziningi: kuphi futhi kanjani ukuhlanganisa amanzi kusuka kubhavu? Okungenani kanye ngonyaka. I-AESL EXTRA? Hhayi kulo lonke umbuzo ongenamsebenzi. Kuwo wonke amacebo ohlelo lwe-hydraulic lwamachibi, ucezu lwepayipi olune-arow "vakanalalization" lucacisiwe. I-AESLEY akuyona uMasipala, kepha nokho ukuzimela, noma nxazonke ngenkathi "kube lula egcekeni"? Ngemuva kwakho konke, inqwaba yamathani ama-wastewater izokhubaza ngokushesha nge-septic! Lapho-ke izinketho ezimbili zisele: a) ohlelweni lwezinhlamvu, b) empumuzo. Kepha kufanele kwakhiwe uhlelo lwesiphepho, futhi lezi zindleko ezinkulu. Yebo, "phezu kokukhululeka" kuwukuthi umsele oseduze noma e-ravine, uma kukhona. Izimvume ezivela ezinkonzweni zokuhlanzeka ukuze zingatholi sidingo sokuba ngamanzi alahlwe cishe njengokuphuza. Kodwa ingabe omakhelwane kanye nokufika kwakho bavumelana nesinqumo esinjalo? Ngemuva kwakho konke, kungahle kube khona ama-chlorine amaningi, ama-sulfates, ama-nitrate, ama-chloroforms, i-formaldehyde emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke imikhiqizo yokubulala amagciwane nokuhlanza nayo idinga ukudonsa kwenye indawo. Lokhu kungaba ngu-1-2m3 we-drain, kufanele futhi kubhekwe lapho kubalwa uhlelo lokuhambisa indle. Isiphetho: Ngaphandle kokuthatha isinqumo ngamagama ajwayelekile inkinga yokukhishwa kwamanzi (lapho, malini futhi kanjani), ungazakhi ezinye izinhlelo.
Uma la manothi amafushane angahloniphi isifiso sakho sokwakha ichibi elingaphandle, lizoqhubeka nengxoxo kahle.
Iphawundi i noznike
Ngaphambi kokubamba i-roulette bese uphonsa imidwebo, nquma ngezifiso zakho. Ngabe udinga ukupholisa ngosuku olushisayo bese ugeza umjuluko womsebenzi ngemuva kokuzivocavoca emibhedeni? Noma ingabe yinto esemqoka - ithuluzi nechibi kufanele lihlome ngokudingekayo lokubamba izinqubo zezempilo? Njengendawo, kuzoba yindawo yemidlalo yama-devy? Noma kuhlelwe njengento ebalulekile ye-landscape design?
Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukufunda okuthile nge-hydrogeology yesayithi. Ayifaki umhlabathi entwasahlobo, uyantanta? Ngabe liyini izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba (AGB)? Uyini ukwakheka kwamanzi nokuningi okukulo emthonjeni (yini imali yedebithi)? I-Inxote, ngingahlanganisa kuphi amanzi nokungcola echibini? Izimpendulo zincike kwifomu, ubukhulu, ukuklanywa kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe zezinto zokwakha nobuchwepheshe, izindleko eziphelele. Uma inhlabathi ihlungiwe kanye nethovi ngezansi 2m, unenhlanhla: Ukuthengwa noma ukwakhiwa kwechibi kuzoba okungabizi kakhulu. Uma esizeni se-Clay, izindleko zizokwanda ngamahlandla ama-2-3 ngenxa yensiza yokudonsa amanzi noma, okungenani ipuleti ekhonkolo eqinisiwe ekhonkolo.
Isethi ephansi yemisebenzi yangaphandle yesondlo
Nsuku zonke:- Hlanza: isibuko samanzi kusuka ku-sora namaqabunga; Izihlungi zama-coarse ku-skimmer nephampu.
- Amanzi wokuhlunga izikhathi 2-3 (isikhathi esiphelele sokuhlunga asikho ngaphansi kwe-6h).
- Bheka futhi uguqule izinga le-chlorine yamahhala (kangcono kusihlwa).
Ngeviki:
- Bheka bese ulungisa i-hydrogen pH (izikhathi 2-3).
- Hlambulula isihlungi kumodi "yokugembula i-Reverse Wash" (imizuzu engu-2-5).
- Faka ama-algicides emanzini: a) ama-algicides ukubhubhisa i-algae; b) I-coabulator yamanzi akhanyayo (i-muti vericitation).
- Hlanza phansi kanye nezindonga zesitsha kusuka ekungcoleni okuveziwe ngaphansi kokuhlanza indawo (ibhulashi).
- Faka amanzi amasha (kuze kufike ku-3% wevolumu yesitsha).
Njalo ngenyanga:
- Khumbula ukubhuqa amagciwane.
- Hlanza izindonga emapuleti amafulethi nama-lime.
- Hlola ukusebenza kwezizenzakalelayo ze-electroobatic.
Minyaka yonke:
- Hlanganisa amanzi, hlanza ichibi bese ugcwalisa ngamanzi amasha, wenze ukuvikela imishini.
- Ukuwafaka ichibi lokubhukuda lesikhathi sasebusika.
Izinhlobo ze-Basins
Uma ufuna isinqumo esifanele senkampani yathuthukiswa okungenani izinhlobo eziyishumi nambili zamachibi avulekile. UZech unezinzuzo zawo nobubi, i-niche kanye nabathengi. Ngaphandle kokuzenza kubukhali bokuhlukaniswa, ake sizame ukuchaza izinhlobo eziphambili zamachibi.
Ngokwesebuchwepheshe ngokwesisekelo esakhayo nezobuchwepheshe, zingahlukaniswa zingene emalini, zivuleke, zivuleke (isigaba) futhi zimile. Okokugcina okwakhiwa kuphela esizeni ngokusho kwephrojekthi yomuntu ngamunye, okusele okuthengiwe kulungele noma ngohlobo lomkhiqizo osuqediwe owenziwe ngezifiso izimo ezithile nezidingo.
-Guqukayo obala
Lawa machibi akhiqizwa ngendlela yesembozo esimbaxambili esivela kwifilimu eqinile ye-PVC. Ukunikeza ukwakheka kokuqina, onqenqemeni lwehlangothi luhlome ngekhamera engenalutho lapho kufakwa khona umoya ngepompo enikeziwe. Ngokunjalo, ngokwesibonelo, amamodeli we-FLEXI (ichibi lokuzilibazisa, iJalimane), i-magic Pool (GRE, Spain), isethi elula (Intex, USA). Amachibi ahlangana kalula ngehora nesigamu kunoma iyiphi ipulatifomu eyisicaba ehlanzwa kumakhemikhali abukhali kanye no-bitch. Ubukhulu bezakhiwo ezinjalo buncane: ububanzi - kusuka ku-2,5 kuye ku-5 m, ukujula - kusuka ku-0.7 kuya ku-1.2 m. Izindleko- $ 260-700. Ngokuqokwa, mhlawumbe yimikhiqizo engacacile kakhulu. I-Mount ngempelasonto ayinakukhululeka, kusukela ku-hose ukugcwalisa isikhathi eside (ngevolumu engu-1M3 yodwa nesigamu), futhi amathani amanzi awakho kwisayithi ngasinye, kungenzeki kabi. Kuyingozi ukubeka kuyo, ngoba amamodeli anjalo aguqulwa kabi ngokuhlanzwa kwamanzi. Kepha njengechibi elincane leSonto (ama-cubes for Five) kubavikeli umkhiqizo onjalo kufanelekile.Qaphela, wenza ukukhetha. Amamodeli amaningi aseYurophu (ukuqeda amachibi ezingane) ahlinzekwa njengeqoqo lezinto zokufaka izitsha kuphela. Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwe-purculation kwikhithi yezohwebo luhlanganisa bonke abahlinzeki baseMelika nabaseCanada, ichibi laseJalimane elizayo, i-Spanish GRE futhi ukubhukuda`n Jean Desbouax. Vele, yonke imishini edingekayo ingakhethwa endaweni efanayo lapho i-Bowl ithengiswe khona.
Ku- "Manneneme" ebekelwe ichibi lesikhathi eside, ukuhlunga kanye nesihlabathi kulo, ukweqa kanye nokuhlanza, isitebhisi sokuhlanza i-vacuum, ukuvikela i-hoses, isethi yamakhemikhali kanye ne-test. Kubiza konke lokhu $ 1000-1300. Kuyacaca ukuthi uhlu lungadelwa, lugxile emcabangweni walo wenduduzo, umuzwa wobuhle nobukhulu besikhwama.
Isizini Sokwazisa
Zihlelwe ukuze ziqoqwe entwasahlobo (ngezinsuku eziyi-0.5-1.5), futhi zihlabezele futhi zigcinwe egumbini. Umqondo wokwakheka ulula. Isithwali esingasindi futhi esanele sokwenza umnyombo ngesimo sohlaka noma igobolondo leshidi (udonga olucishe lwaluvuthiwe) lusebenza njengokusekelwa kwefilimu le-PVC elimisiwe. I-liner igcwele amanzi. Uhlaka noma indawo yokukhosela kukhawulela ukwanda kwayo. Amadivayisi anjalo afakwa emhlabathini (yingakho igama elithi "Ground"). Izinhlaka zincane, ngokwesibonelo, Je.t. I-Pool (GRE), I-Baby Pool (Intex, USA), K-D (K-D Imikhiqizo, e-USA). Imodeli yokugcina ethandwa kakhulu yiyo idinga ipulatifomu encane yokuqeqesha. Uhlaka luqoqwe kusuka kumashubhu nama-tees, futhi ifilimu le-vinyl le-liner liqiniswa yi-kevlarom. Isitsha sihlala isikhathi eside, ezinhlangothini zalo zingahlala. Kukhona ukwakheka kwefomu elingunxande (okuwukuphela kwalolu hlobo kuleli fomu) ngokuphakama kwe-1,2 m kanye nomqulu 15, 22 no-25m3 (osayizi abacishe babe ngu-35 m). Intengo yayo imayelana nama- $ 6,800 kanye nohlelo lokuhlanza lwamanzi.
Amamodeli wechibi lesikhathi sonyaka enegobolondo lensimbi elikhudlwana, kepha wonke ayakhelwe ohlelweni olulodwa olusetshenziswe kwezinye izinhlobo zezindawo. Izindonga zenziwa ngensimbi emncane ehlanganisiwe enobukhulu be-0.4-0.6 mm, ngokungeziwe kuvikelwe ekugcekeni ngu-polymer coating. Izindonga ziqiniswa ngamaphrofayili ensimbi emaphethelweni aphezulu nangaphansi nasezinhlangothini. Ingaphakathi libekwe isikhwama-liner kusuka kumafilimu we-PVC anobukhulu be-0.5-0.7mm. Lolu hlobo lwamachibi lukhiqizwa kuphela ngevolumu encane (kuze kube ngu-22m3) ukuze intengo yawo ingaphezulu kakhulu. Ake sithi, imodeli yeBambi (amachibi e-DW, eJalimane) nobubanzi bamamitha ayi-3.6 kanye nokujula kwezindleko ezingaba ngu-1.5 m, i-Atlantic Pools, eCanada) ngesimo samasayizi ayisishiyagalombili 5,53,61.05 $ 700 kanye nesihlungi. Imigodi enjalo ivame ukuhlome ngamadivayisi afakiwe (anamathiselwe ngaphakathi): i-skimmer, isihlungi esine-cartridge kanye nokusesha.
Ukumelana Nesithwathwa Esingalalekayo
Amachibi ale hlobo athandwa kakhulu. Kunamamodeli acishe abe ngu-35 nosayizi we-130 emakethe, kodwa emadolobheni ahlukene, ahlukile. Banikezwa amafemu ayishumi nambili, phakathi kwawo, ngaphezu kwalawo ashiwo ngenhla, i-UniPool, B. Kern, Kruulland (Jerliman Lesles (USA). Amamodeli amelana neqhwa ahlelwe ngendlela efanayo ngendlela efanayo nesizini, kuphela asebenzisa ishidi lensimbi elide, elenziwe kancane elinobukhulu be-0.6-0.8 mm nefilimu elinobukhulu be-0.6-0.7mm. Ukuvikelwa kweshidi lokugqwala kungaba yi-multilayer polymer noma koqweqwe lwawo. Kunamabhokisi we-munye-ne-ngxenye ubude (Krulland). Izindonga zithuthukiswa ngokungeziwe ngamaphrofayili aqinile. "Eight" kanye "ama-ovals" aqiniswa ngemishayo yesiphambano, futhi amanye ama- "avals" abuye asekelweni (ama-counterphorts). I-Vitog yesitsha iyakwazi ukubekezelela umthwalo ovela ngesikhathi sokuqala kwamanzi.Izindlela ezintathu zemicengezo enjalo zinikezwa: Round, Oval kanye "nesishiyagalombili", ngisho naku-Rilax Model (D), i-oval inezelwa ngentambo yokuthola izitebhisi zamaRoma. Labo abathanda ukugeza okungunxande kufanele bakhethe olunye uhlobo lomklamo. Izindonga zenziwa kahle ekuqothulweni okujwayelekile kokubhukuda-ukuphakama kwe-1.2-1,5 m, kumamodeli avela kuKrulland (Run, Bauka) Kunezitsha zokujula oku-2. Kepha ibanga levolumu likhulu: kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-255m3 (i-lago kusuka ku-d) kanye ne-360m3 (Krulland), kepha inketho yokugcina kungenzeka ukuthi i-SPORTS ASITILY. Ichibi elinokuphakama kwe-1,2 m lingafakwa ebusweni noma liguqulwe emhlabathini; Ngokuphakama kwe-1.5 m, ukwakhiwa sekushisiwe, ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele; Izitsha zamamitha amabili zixhunyiwe ngokuphelele. Ukukhululeka kwesiza kuzokutshela, yiluphi uhlobo ukwakheka okuzobukeka luhle kakhulu, kepha okunqumayo kusacubungula ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu e-US, uhhafu wamachibi wenziwa yi-terrestrial, futhi sinempilo ehlukile. Yize kunjalo, lezi zinhlaka azihlaseli muntu, zihlala zibusika. Ngakho-ke, ukuletha isitsha, sizokwenza lula impilo yakhe: Ukucindezela kweqhwa kusuka ngaphakathi kuzonxeshezelwa ukucindezela kwenhlabathi ngaphandle, futhi ukuqina kokugeza kuzothuthuka. Kodwa izitsha ezigcwele ngokuphelele zivinjelwe ziqinile, ngoba zingena kalula udoti, isihlabathi, izinambuzane, zingena emifudlaneni yamanzi emvula. Futhi ezinganeni ezincane, kuthatha ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukungena emanzini akukho okubizi. Okuhlukile kwesitsha segazi elinegazi kulula kakhulu, kepha kudinga inganekwane enkulu lapho ehlobisa.
Ibanga lentengo lamamodeli amelana nesithwathwa libanzi: kusuka ku- $ 300 kuya ku- $ 12,000, kuya ngenkampani, amafomu, osayizi kanye nokucushwa. Ngakho-ke, umqulu we- "Democratic" we-32-40m3 eshidini lensimbi angama- $ 1300-2200, ukhiye wokujika ubiza izikhathi ezingama-2-3.5 ezibiza kakhulu, abanikazi abaningi baqhuba umsebenzi wokwakha bebodwa. Kepha ukulungiswa kwensizakalo kumele, vele, kunikeze amafemu, futhi mhlawumbe okunjalo kube nezinsizakalo zenkonzo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amaphutha okuqala angenakugwenywa lapho kulungiswa amanzi angakwazi ukushaya isifiso isikhathi eside.
Khonza amachibi anjalo aneminyaka engu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 ubudala, okuqinisekiswe ngumkhuba wasekhaya. Lezi zibalo zingaphonswa inselelo, ngoba abakhiqizi abaningi banikeza iwaranti iminyaka engu-10 nge-PVC Liner, iminyaka engu-15 ngezindonga zensimbi ngisho neminyaka engama-25 (Krulland) yama-Duralum Shells. Yize kuphela, kuhlinzekwa ukuthi umthengi uzokwenza konke njengoba kufanele: Ungaphazamisi ungqimba oluvikelayo, ikakhulukazi izindawo zamashidi ezilimele (ikakhulukazi imiphetho yamashidi, amalunga, ama-fassesters), njll. Labo abasebenzelana Ngophahla olugcwele ngotshani noma ama-greenhouses ade, wazi ukuthi baqala kangakanani ukuwohloka, uma iminyaka embalwa ibakhohlwa ngabo. Ngesizathu, isiqinisekiso sabathengisi emachibini aneminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala, futhi hhayi 10. Nokho, uma isikhathi sokuvuselela sifika, i-Shell iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ibiza kakhulu, kepha ayikho ukubambiswa udonga.
Okuqoqiwe (isigaba)
Bambalwa, amamodeli anjalo alethwa ngamafemu ayisithupha. Qoqa izitsha zezigaba kusuka kumaphaneli ahlukile kanye naphakade. Ngokwezakhiwo, izakhiwo ezinjalo zingcono kuneqembu - lizenzeke, kepha ungafinyeleli ukhonkolo. Ngentengo esondela kulowo okugcina, phambi kwayo abanenzuzo emazingeni ekwakhiwa, abaqashwe ngaphansi ekufakweni kwabantu kanye nokungadingeki kokusetshenziswa kwemishini eyinkimbinkimbi. Okuningi okuqinile futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside kwamachibi awela khona, ngoba kwenziwa amaphaneli kusuka ekuphikisaneni okuphezulu kokugqwala kwezinto zokwakha: insimbi engenasici, ipulasitiki, izinkuni ezimisiwe. Amaphaneli anomklamo onamabhokisi anezimbambo eziqinile, ezandisa ikhono lokuphamba lesitsha. Baziqhayisane ngama-bolts, ama-glue, ukukhiya ukukhiya (kuya ngezinhlaka umphakeli ngamunye ngamunye). Uphawu lwamahlaya. Izindonga zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zihlala isikhathi eside. Ukuqina kokugeza kuqinisekiswa yifilimu ye-PVC ngobukhulu be-0.5-1,5 mm.
Kuya ngosayizi nokuklanywa kwamaphaneli (amamojula), ukwakheka kwesitsha kungaba ngunxande (uMilane kusuka ku-B. Kern, e-polygonal (i-octavia (octavia (octavia (octavia ovela ku-radivation okungenani ephansi ye-curvature radius ye 1.5 m (Myrtha, Italy, noJean Desyaux, France). Le nkampani izokwenza izimbotshana zanoma yikuphi ukwakheka nosayizi.
Cishe zonke izinhlaka zezindlu zidinga ukugcwala noma ngokwengxenye. Ukuba semthethweni kusuka ekuqoqweni okuwohlokayo kungaba nokujula okuguqukayo ngaphezulu kwengxenye yesiphambano sesitsha, kusuka ku-1,2 m (ukuphakama odongeni) kuze kufike ku-1.8-2.4 m, okulungele inhlangano yendawo yokudonswayo. Kuliqiniso, inhlabathi akufanele ibe inqwaba, futhi into esemqoka ukutholakala ngaphansi kwama-3 m, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kudingeke ukuthi ungene ekujabuleni, kodwa ukudonsa izindonga ezihlulekile. Umqondo wokwenza isakhiwo sinjalo. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa izindonga, impumuzo oyifunayo idonswa ngomgodi nemithambeka. Ngemuva kwalokho ezansi kuthululelwa ukhonkolo onesikhumba (ubukhulu beleya-150mm) kanye negridi yokuqinisa, kanye nezindonga ezingaphandle kwesendlalelo esingezansi sika-100- 300 mm, kuya ngokuthi asekelwa yimikhuba noma cha. Okulandelayo, chitha isipele (isihlabathi, itshe elichotshoziwe, inhlabathi), bese isitsha selivalwe ngefilimu, sigcwala izingcezu zakhe endaweni. Khonza amachibi anjalo akufanele kungabi ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10-15.
Uhlelo lwesakhiwo sechibi
Ichibi liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: izitsha nezinhlelo zokuphepha. Inkatho yayogcina ivolumu yamanzi, okungukuthi, ukuba yi-HARMEyity futhi imelane namathonya angaphandle. Uhlelo lokuphepha lubhekele ukulethwa kanye nokudonsa kwamanzi, ubumsulwa bayo nokuvikeleka kokuhlanzeka, ukuthola induduzo nenjabulo.I-Heart Pool - ukufakwa kokuhlunga. Kungumsebenzi ophambili ekususweni kokungcola kwe-organic kanye nokwenziwe ngomshini emanzini. Kubandakanya umthamo wokuhlunga onomthwalo osebenzayo kanye nepompo exhumeke nge-valve ebeka indlela yokusebenza. Ukulayisha kuvame ukukhonza isihlabathi esikhethekile se-quartz. Konke ukungcola kuyabambezeleka. Thatha amanzi noma usebenzise i-Skimpis Basket (skimmer) ngqo kusuka kubhavu, noma kusuka ethangini elichichimayo. Amanzi ahlanziwe anikezwa esitsheni ngokusebenzisa ama-nozzles (amaqhinga noma ama-nozzles). Uma ufisa phakathi kokuhlunga kanye nokubuyisa ama-nozzles, ungafaka futhi ukufaka amadivaysi okubulala amagciwane, njenge-ozonizer, isibani se-ultraviolet, isiteshi samakhemikhali.
Umgwaqo omkhulu wamanzi ungafakwa amadivaysi okushisa kwamanzi, noma ukushibilika kokushisa, kwadliwa ngamanzi ashisayo kusuka ku-boiler yokushisa. Kukugeza kusihlwa nokwakha umphumela olula, kusetshenziswa ama-searchlights (axhunywe kuphela ngokusebenzisa abaguquli). Isitebhisi sokuphepha sokuphepha siyadingeka kuwo wonke amachibi. Le mishini (ngaphandle kwamadivayisi wohlobo okhutshiwe) ibekwa ngaphandle kwecala egumbini lobuchwepheshe.
Uma imali ivunyelwe, echibini ungafaka imishini yokuzijabulisa nokuzijabulisa. Ama-countertocks (abekwe noma owakhelwe ngaphakathi) azosiza ukudala umfula wangempela wokufakelwa esitsheni, lapho, ngentando, ungangeza umoya, wakhe ingxube yomoya wamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ichibi lihlome ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene wokuzivocavoca kanye nama-greesers aphansi, imithombo yosayizi abahlukahlukene nobukhulu, ama-cannons amanzi, ama-tramplines kanye nama-slides.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlela ukusakazwa kwamanzi embuthanweni "wokugeza wokugeza": ngokususa (okuchichimayo (okuchichimayo) futhi kususelwa ekuxubeni kwesisindo samanzi (skimmer).
Esimweni sokuqala, amanzi ahlanzekile angena echibini ngokusebenzisa ama-trisok ambalwa, asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngasendaweni engezansi, futhi abangela amanzi angcolile ukuze achichime emaphethelweni aphezulu esitsheni.
Emachibini avulekile, ukujula okungaphansi kuka-2 m, le ndlela cishe ayisetshenziswanga ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme, yize amachibi angenayo athathwa njengehlonipho kakhulu futhi ehlonishwa kakhulu.
Endabeni yesibili, amanzi angcolile kanye nodoti kuthunyelwa kuma-skimmers. Kulokhu, isibuko samanzi singaphansi komphetho wesitsha ngo-100-150mm. Kusuka ku-skimmer, amanzi athunyelwa kusihlungi. Ama-nozzles ahlinzekwa amanzi avame ukutholakala maqondana nomgodi we-drain. Amachibi angaphandle, indlela ye-skimmer iyathandwa ngoba ayidingi ukufakwa kwe-trisok engezansi, okunzima ukukuvikela ngokumelene nomphumela weqhwa. Ububi obukhulu bendlela ukwakheka kwezindawo ezibizwa ngokuthi yizindawo eziqinile. Ukubamba kokungcoliswa kuhlala enkomishini futhi kusebenza njengokudla kwamagciwane. Ama-Basins asuka ku-40m3 le ngozi angokoqobo impela.
Ukhonkolo
Lokhu kuhle kwaziwa, kufanelekile kunoma yiziphi izimo ze-hydrogeological kanye nezakhiwo ezibizayo. Namuhla ziphakama kakhulu ukucatshangelwa kokuhlonishwa futhi, mhlawumbe ngaphansi kwethonya lengqondo yengqondo yaseRussia, ukuhlonipha isisekelo nokwethembeka. Kepha ngokokugcina, izinkomishi zikakhonkolo azivikeleki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukugeza kungasukuma u-50 ubudala, futhi kungageleza nangemva kweminyaka emi-2-3, uma abakhi bebazi ngokufaka amanzi kuphela ezincwadini. Ngokungangabazeki ukugeza kokhonkolo okuhle, ngakho-ke ingcebo yokuqeda kanye nezindlela ezahlukahlukene nosayizi. Umanzisa umqondo womnikazi umkhawulo kuphela ubukhulu besikhwama sakhe.
Ukwakhiwa kwechibi likakhonkolo kunezigaba ezine zobuchwepheshe. Le yi-digging kitty (ngokwedlulele, ama-Worldworks), ukwakhiwa kwezitsha (imisebenzi evamile yezokwakha), ukuqeda amandla nokuqeda amandla nokuqeda, ukufakwa kwemishini yobunjiniyela. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wenziwa ohlelweni olungaphansi, okungukuthi, ngokuzibandakanya kwama-brigade ngamuntu ngamunye. Izimo ze-Cast Cast zidinga ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi efanelekile, ngakho-ke iso le-Master lizoba yindlela enhle kakhulu (noma ngabe amaBrigade aqhamuka enkampanini eyodwa).
Ngakho-ke isitsha sasiphikisa ukucindezelwa kwenhlabathi eqandisiwe kanye nokwanda ngaphansi kwesenzo seqhwa ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okuncane (ibhishi kakhonkolo), kwenziwa ngokhonkolo) Ubukhulu bezindonga nezinto ezingaphansi kwe-250-300mm akuyona "ukukopela" kwabakhi, kodwa isidingo sangempela. Umphezulu wensimbi yangaphandle kufanele uhlukaniswe nokungena kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Imvamisa, izingqimba ze-hydrokhotlozy zisetshenziselwa lokhu. Inketho akuyona okungcono kakhulu, kepha eshibhile ukwedlula ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingenisiwe. Uma isondo liphakeme kunaphansi kwesitsha, kufanele ukhiphe amanzi eduze kwendawo echibini, noma ngisho nakulesi siza.
Iningi lezingxabano liyaqhubeka ngezindlela zokuqeda nokufakwa emanzini okuhambelana kwangaphakathi kwesitsha. Ukuqedwa okubili kuyancintisana: a) ifilimu, imvamisa i-PVC, 1.5mm ubukhulu; b) izinto ze-mosaic tiled. Ukusuka ekukhetheni inketho, ubuchwepheshe bemisebenzi yokungena ngaphansi kwemisebenzi, ukwakheka kwesitsha nenani lokugcina le-basin kuncike. Empeleni, impikiswano yehlela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlanganiswa oluhlala isikhathi eside. Abanye bangabaza ukuthi uMose ungamelana nokuhlaselwa kweqhwa kwababusika obungu-10-15, ukholelwa ukuthi kuyaqhekeka futhi uwa eminyakeni embalwa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ifilimu izosheshe yagcwala ama-microorganisms kanye nokuqhakaza kwe-lime, kanye nemibandela yeqhwa nengcindezi kuzomboza ama-microcacks futhi kuphele lapho kuhlaselwa khona ama-oxidizers asetshenzisiwe (chlorine, ozone). Ukungabaza mayelana nezinhlangothi zombili zincike emaqinisweni athile. Kepha ngokunengqondo, uma ulandela incwadi yemiyalo, impilo yenkonzo ye-Combolings yefilimu inganwetshwa iminyaka eyi-10-16, futhi iMose ikhudlwana. Yibani kuphela eRussia elandela incwadi yoMthetho? Kungenzeka futhi ukuphikisana nokuthi abalandeli bezinhlaka zefilimu banqoba, yize kukhona amafemu ukuthi inani lamakhasimende ezitsha ze-mosaic tile lifinyelela ama-70% (ngokwesibonelo, umfaniswano wekhulu, "umfaniswano, umfaniswano we-akvaray-).
Ubuchwepheshe befilimu bungaba yizindleko eziphansi. Yize kunjalo, lokhu okuqukethwe ngeke kuhlobise nje kuphela isitsha (anikela ngemibala emi-10 nemidwebo), kepha futhi anamanzi avumele ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluphansi lukakhonkolo ongavunyelwe (ngokusho kwe- "contek" - brand w2, futhi lapho uqoqa i-mosaic-brand w6). Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitsha ngaphakathi asidingi ukumbozwa nge-inhles efaka ama-mastic, angenamanzi kanye nama-groutives amelana nama-grouts, okudingeka endabeni ye-mosaic. I-Vitoga isitsha sokhonkolo esine-coating sefilimu sibiza 25-30% eshibhile kunalokho okufakwe ku-mosaic. Kusho ukuthi ngosayizi ojwayelekile wechibi, ungagcina inani elibonakalayo lama- $ 3-4,5,000.
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ifilimu, cabanga ngamazwana amabili. Okokuqala, ngaphansi kwawo kuyadingeka ukubeka i-litter coating-carpet. Lokhu kuzonciphisa imfundo ngaphansi kwefilimu evumayo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesikhunta. Okwesibili, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona ungqimba lwe-acrylic oluvikelayo kwifilimu kusuka phezulu. Kuyigciwane, alivumeli i-algae ukuthi ihlale kuma-micropores futhi isize ukuhlanzwa kwezinto. Namuhla emakethe ngaphezu kwe-alkorplan 2000 eyaziwayo ye-alkorplan 2000, iFlagpool kanye no-Efolie bavele nemikhiqizo emisha eminingi. Lokhu yi-Valmex 9000 (Mehler Haku, Germany), Scanplan (Skantarp, Finland), Trocal WBV (Sica Trocal, Germany Blackline (ICopal, eDenmark), S-315 (Sion, Belgium). Iningi lazo lishibhile kune-alkorplan 2000 esezingeni eliphakeme kunabakhi futhi bajabulele. Kepha akuzona zonke izinto zokwenziwa ungqimba lwe-acrylic olushiwo. Ungaxoxi!
Izimfihlo Zokwakhiwa
Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ngamachibi awela phansi - kubuchwepheshe bokufaka. Inkampani ngayinye yokwakha inikezela okusha kwayo inqubo eyisisekelo esekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho okuqongelelwe kanye nezimo zasendaweni. Ngekhasimende, lezi zimibono kwesinye isikhathi zibonakala zingadingekile, ngoba umehluko phakathi kwezibalo zokugcina zakhiya abahlukene angafinyelela ku- $ 1500. Kepha umbuzo mayelana nomthamo wokugcina, obonakaliswa ngokuphelele eminyakeni edlule, uvame ukukhuliswa.Uma inhlabathi iqinile futhi ikhava liphansi, ichibi lingafakwa ngqo emhlabathini, lisika ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi ngotshani futhi livumelanise kahle futhi lixhumanisa indawo yangaphansi (kodwa i-Spring ihlekisa) . Ukuqoqa njengezichibi zesikhathi sonyaka. Izingxenye eziqondile zezindonga zezindebe ze-oval zivame ukuqiniswa ngemithambeka (ama-counterphorts).
Uma kunokungabaza mayelana nokungasebenzi kwenhlabathi, ichibi noma ukunyakaza, noma ukubeka epuletini ekhonkolo ekhonkolowe, noma ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokujulile ukusika nokuningi kobukhulu bawo, ipuleti elikhulu. Ingaphezulu layo lidalulwe (ukuphambuka kwalo kungabi ngaphezu kwe-25mm ngo-10 m), ukuhlikihla ngokuphelele, okuphoqelekile, nangaphambi kokufakwa, i-PVC-Shell igcwele ama-geoellits noma ukhaphethi wefilimu. Izindonga eziqondile zamachibi abangelwa yi-oval avame ukunwetshwa yizindonga ezisekela ukhonkolo noma izitini.
Ekugcineni, ngesivuno esikhulu, enye yemiphumela emibili ihlala. Owokuqala (ngezimo ezinzima) ukudala uhlelo lokudonsa: ama-drainage databases anezinhlansi ezingezansi kwepuleti kanye nempompo engenayo yonke i-pump (kubiza bonke okungenani ama- $ 30 ku-1 turnkey system). Inketho yesibili, lapho isimo singamangali kangako, - ukwephula isitsha sengxenye noma sihambe ebusweni, kodwa esikhundleni salokho bangeneliswa ngokujula okuncane. Izindonga zamachibi agwinyiwe zingaqiniswa ngokuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe benkampani "Akvapul" banikela izitsha zanoma yiliphi ifomu ukuze bagijime ngaphandle kwe-Foam (5-10mm) nodonga lwezitini. Izinkampani "Contek" ne- "Mandul" zincoma ukufafaza izindonga ngenhlanganisela eyomile yesihlabathi kanye nesimende (isilinganiso esingu-8: 1) ngokukhuluphaka kwe-100-150mm. Ungqimba unyuswe kancane kancane, ngasikhathi sinye sokufaka amanzi esitsheni nasemhlabathini othwala ngaphandle. Ngemuva kokuqina kwengxube (ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu), kwakhiwa igobolondo eliqinile, waqinisa odongeni oluthembekile. Izimfihlo zakhe zinamakhosi amafemu athi "Inkonzo yeTekhnvest" kanye "nokunisela". Banamathisela izindonga zamapuleti amapuleti okushisa ("Iphutha", 20mm), bese bevala izingqimba zokhonkolo obukhulu obunsundu (b10) ngobukhulu obungu-100mm, bakungenisa ngokugcwalisa isitsha ngamanzi kanye nokushanela okungabonakali kwe inhlabathi.
Ukubhekana ne-mosaic e-mosaic (ingilazi ye-glass) iwina ekuhlobiseni nasekuhlanzekeni, ukunakekelwa kobuso obunjalo kulula. Ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-bowl, i-mosaic yisosiko kuphela. Kepha ngaphambi kwesitayela sakhe, isitsha esivela ngaphakathi kufanele sisebenze kahle. Lapha, abaningi abasanda kufika bakhubeka lapha. I-GoSrigance yeMose futhi ayikhohlwa ukwephulwa kobuchwepheshe, "Imikhosi" evela emsebenzini we-CIS nayo iphathiswe ubungozi. Ochwepheshe abavela enkampanini "I-Connent-Center" inkampani ephindaphindwe ngayo lokho kwaqiniseka ukuthi ukwehluleka lapho kusetshenziswa i-mosaic kukhiqizwa ngokunganaki ekusebenziseni okuhleliwe kwezinto zokwakha ezifakwayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngesendlalelo ngasinye esilandelayo, i-coating kufanele ibe mancane, ihlala isikhathi eside, imelana nokudlidliza. Isinyathelo sokuqala kufanele kube ukwandisa amanzi kakhonkolo ngenxa yokwamukelwa kwezithasiselo ezikhethekile. Izinto ezinjalo ezinamanzi ezingena ngaphansi kwamanzi manje sezisemakethe. Into esemqoka kuzo i-polymer coating masts. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-osmoseal ne-osmolastic ab kusuka kwinkomba (i-Italy), i-mapaly), i-latricy 9237 kusuka ku-LatriCrete International (e-Erany), i-Maxseal), i-Hypogesmo alchimimi ( Greece), Ceresit CR66 kusuka Helkel Bautechnik (Germany), "Hydrothex" kusuka NIIZB (Russia).
Izindleko zamachibi ukhonkolo zincike ezintweni ezisetshenzisiwe, ubunzima befomu kanye nomakhi wefemu. Ukuhlolwa okulinganiselwa kwezifiso zakho, ungaqhubeka kusuka kumanani alandelayo afinyelela ku-1m3 wevolumu ye-Bowl - $ 400-500 noma i-1M2 yendawo yangaphakathi ye-Bowl - $ 220-350.
Amachibi ekhebula
Ama-caisons aphelelwe yizimo ezinzima zokuxhashazwa kwamachibi: inhlabathi enobudlova, izihlahla eziphakeme. I-Kesson iyinsimbi enezinsimbi ezi-heldetic noma ipulasitiki. Ifomu laso lingaba yinkimbinkimbi impela, futhi ichibi lingaba nokujula okuguqukayo. Ngaphandle, i-caisson ivikelwe yi-coating. Ukuze wandise ukuqina, isitsha sibekwe epuletini ekhonkolo eqinisiwe, silidla kanye nalo, futhi izindonga zithululwa ngokhonkolo. Ngaphakathi kwe-caisson yensimbi kubhekwe, kungangeni manzi futhi kuvalwe kuphela nge-mosaic noma ifilimu. Ochwepheshe abavela e-Akvaray-XXI Century bathunyelwa enkomishini yamakamelo, isitsha ngokwaso asikhohliswa ngaphandle, kepha ukhonkolo wokuqina (isigaba B22.5) kwenza i-idrobeton (inkomba) isengezo.
Izitsha zifakwe epulasitiki, empeleni, zithuthukisa uhlaka lwe-caisson futhi zingumkhiqizo ophelile. Bahlala isikhathi eside futhi bavalwe uphawu, ifomu nobukhulu abungaphansi kwensimbi. Njengamakhokho wensimbi, aqiniswa izimbambo ezilukiwe zokuqina. Kepha, ngokungafani nensimbi, ipulasitiki ayinakukhalipha, ayidingi ukwengeziwe kwamanzi nokuqothuka, njengoba sekupendiwe. Lapho ufaka ama-caisons epulasitiki agcwala ihembe likakhonkolo (ngokuqiniswa). Ukuthulula kufakwa ngo-400-500mm ngemuva kokugcwalisa izitsha ekuphakameni okufanayo. Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswe ngempumelelo yi-NPF "Emivikini Yezemvelo" kanye nonyaka wokunquma "contour-West". Basetshenziselwa i-polypropylene Czech Production ngobukhulu be-10-12mm. Izinto ezibonakalayo zinobungani bemvelo, azipheli futhi zinamacala aphelele nge-frost to -50c. Ngentengo ye-1M2 Plastic $ 55 kanye nezindleko zomsebenzi ezakha cishe ama-30% enani lezinto zokwakha, ichibi lishibhile kakhulu kunokhonkolo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu kuma-coefficiefrents okushisa wokwandiswa okuqondile kwepulasitiki nokhonkolo phansi kwesitsha, kungahle kwenzeke izingcindezi zangaphakathi eziqinile. Njenge-AUZH, ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nayo iminyaka eminingi, kufanele ihlolwe.
Amanye amapharamitha we-skimmer skimmer unxande amachibi
| -The ngqi | Isifanekiso | Iphaneli, isigaba | Isiziba sokubhukuda | Intengo **, $ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Into uqobo lwayo | Osayizi be-SVG, mm | Osayizi, M. | Ivolumu, m3 | |||
| Jean Desyaux, France (4) * | "Benjamin" | I-Polypropylene | 0.251,20.06 | 73,51,2 | 29. | 15100 *** |
| Folkpool, Sweden (3) | "Mandul" | Isihlahla esinokufakwa emthethweni | Ayikho idatha | 841,44. | 43. | 5260. |
| IHydra Pools, eCanada (15) | "HYDRA" | Polyethylene | Ayikho idatha | 8,54,21.02 | 36. | 6600. |
| "California" | Ukuqiniswa kwePolystyrene | 11.50.07 | 641.5 | 36. | 10000. | |
| Del, France (6) | "Pelican" | Insimbi nge-zinc-aluminium coating "Galfan" | 11,060,07 | 94,51.06 | 41. | 12500 *** |
| Amachibi e-MyRtha, e-Italy | "UMitta" | Insimbi engagqwali, i-pvc ye-lamined | 0.151.2-30.05 | 431.5 | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 570.(1 pt. M) |
| UKrulland, Germany | Indawo yokuhlala eLakepool | UDural uphindwe kabili nge-insulator eshisayo | Ayikho idatha | 641.5 | 36. | 14000. |
| B.KERN, Germany | "Milan" | Polyethylene | 11.50.06 | 741.5 | 42. | 6200. |
* - Kubakaki - inani lamamodeli anikezwa yinkampani; ** - isitsha kuphela, ngaphandle kwamacala acacisiwe; *** - isitsha ngemishini nokufakwa, ngaphandle kwezinto zokwakha
Amanye amapharamitha eqoqa amachibi amelana neqhwa
| -The ngqi | Uchungechunge, Maka. | Ifomu | Usayizi, M. | Ivolumu, m3 | Intengo, $ | Incwajana |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-UniPool, Germany (3) * | "Baden" (14) ** | -Yingiliza | 51.5 | amashumi amathathu | 1400. | Noma iyiphi indawo: Ngaphezulu, uhhafu onyaweni, ufakiwe |
| I-future Pool, Germany (4) | "Svim" (18) | -Yisiyingelezi esingumhubhe | 841.5 | 40. | 3080. | Ifakwe ngesihlungi |
| UKrulland, Germany (4) | Bauka-100 (31) | -Yisiyingelezi esingumhubhe | 531.5 | 22.5 | 3100. | Izindonga zaphakade, ukujula - kuze kufike ku-2 m |
| B. Kern, Germany (4) | Riva-C (15) | Isishiyagalombili | 7,74,61,2 | 36. | 2600. | Noma iyiphi indawo |
| D amachibi, eJalimane (5) | "Bari" (12) | -Yingiliza | 81.5 | 75. | 2400. | Noma iyiphi indawo |
| Amachibi e-Atlantic, eCanada (4) | Espit-Big (7) | -Yisiyingelezi esingumhubhe | 7,33,71,35,35 | 31. | 1840. | Ngesihlungi |
| GRE, Spain (2) | "Kit / Pr" (5) | -Yingiliza | 5,51,2 | 26. | 1150. | Ngesihlungi |
| Ukubhukuda'n Play, Spain (5) | CN (2) | -Yisiyingelezi esingumhubhe | 7,33,71,2 | 28. | 2430. | Ngesihlungi |
| I-Hobby Pool, Germany (4) | "Elba" (8) | Isishiyagalombili | 8,5551,2 | 39. | 2450. | Noma iyiphi indawo |
| Muskin, United States (6) | "Escapad" -Uku-23 | -Yisiyingelezi esingumhubhe | 7,34,61,32. | 44. | 3510. | Ngesihlungi |
| I-Delair Group LLC, e-USA (2) | "I-Patriot" (5) | -Yingiliza | 6,41.32 | 40. | 3440. | Ngesihlungi |
| Vogue, Canada (2) | Ukutholwa (8) | -Yingiliza | 7,321,32. | 55. | Ayikho idatha | Ngesihlungi |
* - Inani leziqephu (amamaki) elinikezwa yinkampani; ** - Inani lamasayizi kulolu chungechunge (brand)
Kusuka ekugezeni kuya echibini (ukufakwa kokuhlunga)
Ukuphefumula impilo efuteni le-pool, udinga ukuxhuma ukufakwa kokuhlunga. Iningi lazo. Isizinda sokuhlunga siyisihlabathi se-quartz noma izingqimba zesihlabathi, amatshe amatshe kanye ne-hydroaanthracite. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kuhlanza ukuhamba ngezikhathi ezithile ukugeleza kwamanzi, okufanele kudonswe ku-SEANER. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2-3, isihlabathi sithatha indawo entsha. Amapuleti anjalo nezinto ezithile zinikezwa amafemu angaphezu kwenqwaba: UKrulland, eBheke, iDinotec, i-Tritool, i-Hydrol (iFrance), i-Astroswim (iFrance (Spain), njll. Inombolo ye Amamodeli ahlongozwayo, nosayizi - ngaphezulu kwekhulu. Uma ukufakwa kungahlanganise ndawonye kusuka endishini ye-Pool, kufanele uzikhethile ngokwakho noma ulalele lokho okunikezwa yinkampani yenkampani.Iphuzu lomthombo lapho ukhetha isidingo sokuphepha kokuhlanzeka: echibini elingaphandle, amanzi kufanele ahlanzwe amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke, ukunquma ukusebenza okudingekayo kokufaka, ivolumu yesitsha iyadingeka ukwanda ngamathathu futhi ihlukaniswe ngenani lamahora omsebenzi ngosuku. Okugcina, njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho kukhombisa, kungathathwa kulingana nama-15 (amahora ayi-10 ebusuku nangamahora ama-5 ntambama). Okungukuthi, kuzofanela uvule ukufakwa kabili kuphela, okubekezelela ngokuphelele. Manje ifomula kulula ukukhumbula: umthamo we-bowl uhlukaniswe ngo-5, umphumela uzokhombisa ukusebenza kwe-VM3 / H. Uma sihlukanisa 6, khona-ke ukufakwa kuzoba "kukhululiwe", kepha futhi kushibhile, kepha ezinsukwini zokukhanya kwezivakashi kuzodingeka ukuthi zisebenze isikhathi eside. Noma kungekho osebenzisa ichibi, isihlungi kufanele sisebenze okungenani amahora ama-4 ngosuku.
Kepha incazelo yokusebenza yingxenye yesiphetho. Buza umthengisi ukuthi iyiphi imodeli ehlongozwayo enesivinini sokuhlunga esingokoqobo. Akufanele yedlule amanani we-50m3 / (FM2). Uma okuningi - amanzi ashelela ungqimba lwesihlabathi ngokushesha futhi ukungcola akulibali. Isincomo esijwayelekile simi ngalendlela elandelayo: ubukhulu bendawo yokuhlunga (Yebo, ngokusebenza okudingekayo), okungcono, kepha kukhulu izindleko zikagesi nentengo ephakeme. Iphuzu lesethenjwa: echibini elinomthamo we-40m3 Ukufakwa kubiza kusuka ku- $ 700-1200. Labo abasebenza ngohlu lokuhlunga lwe-burdetome, izinkampani zinikeza amadivaysi ahlukile, asuka kuma-templer we-elektromokheli ukunika amandla / anqamule iphampu ($ 60) nama- $ 900) nama- $ 500).
Encwadini yokubhalela
Ukuze uthole umfutho wevolumu ethandwayo ecishe ibe ngu-40m3 (ngokwesibonelo, usayizi we-841.2 noma u-741.5 m), ukhonkolo udliwa ngesilinganiso esingu-0.35m3 ngevolumu engu-1M3 yokugeza ngokhonkolo Ivolumu ye-Earthworks imvamisa izikhathi ezi-2-2,5 ivolumu yechibi. Izindleko zazo zinqunywa ngesilinganiso se- $ 10-16 ngevolumu ye-1M3 yomgodi wokumba okubhaliwe kanye nokuthumela kwenhlabathi. Uma ukwazile ukuqala imishini yokufika esizeni, cishe kushibhile ukumba uPita. Lezi zinombolo ziyiphuzu lesethenjwa kuphela, ngoba imakethe yenkonzo ishintsha ukuphendula ekushintshashintsheni kokugeleza kwabasebenzi.
Retorta alchemist
Ukuze ichibi elivela emthonjeni wenjabulo nempilo ukuze libe sesihlalweni salesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi okuphilayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukugeza okukodwa kuphela kwemizuzu engama-30 "kunikeza" amanzi angama-30000 ama-microorganisms. Umhleli ngendlela yamafutha, umjuluko, i-erea, epithelium, okhilimu, amakhambi, amaqabunga, kanye nezingxabano ezinqunyelwe emoyeni, zinikeze ukudla okuchichimayo kumagciwane ahlukahlukene, isikhunta kanye algae. Ngaphandle kokuhlanza okufanele udonga lwamachibi asheshelwe ngokushesha nge-mucus, izihlahla zamanzi. UChemistry usibuyisela lapha. Kunezinhlobo ezine zokwelashwa kwamanzi: Ukulawulwa kwegciwane, Ukulawulwa kwe-PH Hydrogen, ukubhujiswa kwe-algae kanye nokubekwa kwe-muti (ukubheja). Inqwaba yezidakamizwa inikezwa lokhu. Ungasebenza kuphela ngokuya ngemiyalo ngokuya ngemiyalo, ngemuva kokubonisana nochwepheshe. Okwamanje, silinganise imiqondo eyisisekelo.Ukubulala amagciwane. Ukuze kubhekwe ngamagciwane, ikhambi eliyinhloko lanamuhla i-chlorine. Isingeniso senziwa lapho kuchithwa izidakamizwa eziqukethe izidakamizwa ze-chlorine ezithengiswa ngendlela yotshwala, amaphilisi noma ama-granule. Okuqukethwe kwamahhala (ukulungele ukuthi "ukuphonsa" kuma-microorganisms) i-chlorine kufanele kugcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-0.5-0.6 mg / l, futhi kafushane, kuya ku-0.3 mg / l. Kuzoba nkulu - kuyingozi ngolwelwesi lwama-mucous kanye nendoda yesikhumba, inzuzo encane kakhulu. Ngemuva kwecala ngalinye lokungcoliswa okuqinile (ukungena, imvula, isivunguvungu, ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu) kuyadingeka ukwenza lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-chlorination eboshwe ngezidakamizwa ezihlanganiswe kakhulu. I-Agotum noma ukulindela amahora angu-12 kuze kusatshalaliswe ngokweqile kwe-chlorine, noma engeza amaphilisi akhethekile futhi ngamahora ama-2-3 ukunciphisa i-chlorine.
Ngaphezu kwe-chlorine, amanye ama-disinferant angasetshenziswa: umoya-mpilo osebenzayo, i-bromine, iodine, ozone. Lapho i-chemistry ingabheka khona (ngokwesibonelo, ezinye i-algae zijwayela umthamo ojwayelekile we-chlorine, futhi ezinye izingxabano nama-cysts azithathi ngesikhathi esifushane sokucutshungulwa), i-ultraviolet, noma inhlanganisela yezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubulala amagciwane.
I-PH yokulawula. Ama-microorganisms awakhiwa, futhi i-chlorine isebenza kahle lapho i-pH angu-7.2-7.6 isebenza. I-PH eyeqile emanzini inciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine yamahhala, amagciwane ayabiwa. I-Aesley futhi inzima, khona-ke kukhona i-lime eqondile ezindongeni zesitsha nangesihlungi. Uma kuncane i-PH, amagciwane abibi kakhulu, kodwa futhi nemishini ihluke. Ishintsha i-PH ngokuzenzakalela, njengoba ukuwohloka kwe-organic ngaphansi kwesenzo se-chlorine esebenzayo. Ukugcina i-PH in themits oyifunayo, kufanele yengeze izidakamizwa ezifanele ("PH-Plus" noma "PH-Minus"). Kuhle ukuthi amadivaysi okuhlola namadivayisi we-Chemical Dosing anoma yikuphi ukunambitheka - kusuka ku-Floating ($ 50) Kubanikazi bathengiswe kwabanikazi babanikazi kunoma yikuphi ukunambitheka ($ 2000-6000).
I-Algae ibhujiswe endebeni ngosizo lweqembu lamaqembu e-algicide. Imikhiqizo ebolile ye-Organic ne-Algae encane, enika amanzi e-turbid noma "ubisi", asuswa ngokungeza ama-coagulants kuyo. "I-Glue" izinhlayiya ezincane zokungcola ezindaweni ezikhudlwana, ezivela phansi nezindonga eziqoqiwe yi-vacuum cleacher yasemanzini futhi zisethwe kabusha ohlelweni lwendle, futhi zixazululwe ngokwengxenye kusihlungi.
Izindleko zokwakhiwa kwamachibi ukhonkolo ngesitsha esingunxande (izibonelo)
| Izindleko ze-athikili | Izindleko, $ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eyodwa * | 2 ** | 3 ** | ezine *** | ezinhlanu **** | |
| -Kahlesi | -Kahlesi | Ulwembu | Ulwembu | Itilo | |
| Ukumisa ukunakekelwa okuthengiswayo kwenhlabathi ***** | 1140. | 1224. | 1224. | 1100. | 1230. |
| Ukwakha Ukwakha (iphrojekthi, izinto zokwakha, umsebenzi) | I-7000. | I-10137. | I-10137. | 4594. | 8380. |
| Izitsha Zangaphakathi Ezingangeni Ngamanzi: | |||||
| a) izinto zokwakha | 1200. | 1380. | - | - | |
| b) Umsebenzi | 520. | 1350. | - | - | |
| -Nke | 1720. | 2740. | - | - | 1700. |
| Ukubhekana Nesitsha: | |||||
| a) izinto zokwakha | 2535. | 2638. | 2006. | 3588. | |
| b) Umsebenzi | I-1040. | 1700. | 905. | 2116. | |
| -Nke | 3575. | 4338. | 2911. | 5700. | 3730. |
| Umsebenzi wokwakha ophelele | 13435. | Ngo-18439. | 14272. | 11404. | 15040. |
| Imishini yechibi: | |||||
| a) Izinsiza zokuhlunga, ukufudumeza, ukubulala amagciwane, ukuhlanza, ukukhanyisa nezitebhisi | 4184 * | 4184 * | 4293 * | 3855. | |
| b) ukukhwela | 837 * | 837 * | 859 * | 1371. | |
| -Nke | 5021. | 5021. | 5152. | 5226. | 4100. |
| Ingqikithi echibini | Ngo-18456. | I-23460. | 19424. | 16630. | 19140. |
* - Ngokusho kwenkampani "I-Unech" ye-Pool 741.5 m, ivolumu 42m3
** - Ngokwenkampani "Contek" ye-Pool 841.5 m, ivolumu engu-48M3
*** - Ngokusho kwenkampani "Conrese" ye-Pool 831.6 m, ivolumu ingu-38M33
**** - Ngokusho kwenkampani "Akvapul" ye-Pool 741.65 m, ivolumu ingu-46m3
***** - Idatha elinganisiwe esekelwe kumanani e- $ 12 nge-1m3
Izifundo zejometri
Ngemuva kwemibuzo esemqoka ngomhlabathi, i-Corve ne-Plum Point ye-Plum bacacisiwe, inkinga yokukhetha indawo echibini ixazululwa ngomqondo ojwayelekile. Le ndawo idingeka elanga, ivikelwe umoya, kungakavami ngaphezu kwe-5 m kusuka emaphethelweni omqhele wezihlahla. Ukufika eduze kwe-2 m akwenzi. Phakathi kwendlu kanye nechibi, ibanga kumele okungenani libe yindawo ephakeme yendlu. Faka i-eksisi ende ye-exgitudinal yezitsha ezingezona eziyindilinga kangcono eduze kwama-roses womoya. Ngokuqondene nesimo, usayizi kanye nokujula kwechibi, khona-ke lapha - ngokwesiphasi: "Umuntu ophahleni, nakubani, futhi, mhlawumbe, kuyasiza ukwenza amazwana amabili: ukugeza ngakunye kufanele okungenani ibe nezindawo ezingama-4M2 zesibuko samanzi; Ngokwenyuka kokujula ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 m, izindleko zesitsha nokusebenza kwechibi kwanda kakhulu.Kepha yilokhu empeleni kudinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela, ngakho-ke le indawo kanye nomklamo wegumbi lobuchwepheshe elinemishini yokulungiswa kwechibi. Lapha kuzoba ukufakwa kokuhlunga, indawo yemishini yokushisa, idivaysi ezenzakalelayo yamakhemikhali ama-dosing kanye ne-transformer yokwehlukanisa izogcinwa. Kungenzeka idivaysi yokugcina i-awning yokuvikela i-awning, i-change ye-vacuum evikela amanzi, ama-hoses, ukugxusha, amabhulashi namakhemikhali ahlukile. Uma i-shed, kubhavu, igaraji, kufanele libuyiselwe ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sezobuchwepheshe, akufanele lingabi ngaphezu kwe-15 m kusukela endishini, izindleko zokumpompa zikhuphuka kalula. Igumbi elihlukile lomhlaba lingaba nomklamo olula kakhulu futhi lingasebenzi ngaphandle kokuqeda, ukube kuphela kuvikela imishini emvuleni nothuli, bekungasondele kakhulu ku-3.5 m kusukela odongeni.
Kodwa-ke, imvamisa igumbi elinjalo lihlome ngesimo somgodi ohlanganisiwe, ovalelwe ngenhla futhi lihlome nge-hatch. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kube nokukhanya, umoya omncane futhi empeleni ukudonsa entanjeni noma kwinethiwekhi yendle uma kwenzeka kunezikhukhula. Isibhedlela, umgodi onjalo utholakala eduze nodonga lwesitsha. Ngakho-ke, kushibhile, kepha kuyingozi enkulu. Lokhu ukwephulwa okucacile kwezidingo ze-IEC (IKhomishini Yezwe Lomhlaba Wonke) ngaphansi kwesigaba 702 "Amachibi okubhukuda".
Akunandaba nokuklanywa kwegumbi lobuchwepheshe, ezinye izidingo zezimo zokuphepha kufanele zilandelwe. Lokhu kusekelo kwezindonga zensimbi zesitsha kanye nezingxenye ezivulekile zemishini kagesi esebenza ngaphansi kwamandla kagesi ngenhla kwama-24 V. Isivikelo sokuvikela nge-automatow switch kanye nedivayisi yokuvala okuvikelayo (i-UZO) kufanele ibekwe ngaphandle kwendawo kagesi ifakiwe. Ukuze amapayipi awazange abhubhise amanzi aqandisiwe, adinga ukuhlinzeka ngesigaxa endaweni yokukhuphuka nokuhlanganiswa kokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo ngesikhathi sokonga ubusika. Qiniseka ukuthi ucela ukuthi abakhi bakukhombise ukuthi nokuthi kunqanyulwa kuphi, kukuphi ukuhleleka, ukuthi amapayipi angenalutho, aqala kanjani endishini futhi aqede iplamu bese eqeda iplamu bese eqeda iplamu bese eqeda iplamu futhi eqeda iplamu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngolunye usuku kufanele wenze konke ngokwakho.
Ukulondolozwa kobusika
Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ichibi elingaphandle (ngaphandle kwesizini), kungakhathalekile ukuthi uhlobo lwesitsha, kufanele lushiywe ebusika ngamanzi. Izitsha zikakhonkolo kuphela ezihlotshiswe nge-mosaic noma i-tile zingaqedwa ngokuphelele uma ukuhlunga kwenhlabathi kanye ne-cov kungaphansi kuka-3 m.
Inqubo yokulondolozwa ayikhululiwe, kepha iyinkinga impela. Kuyadingeka ukuzuza kahle amanzi, hlanza okugeza kusuka ekudleni nasekungcoleni, bese usula emanzini bese uxuba ukwakheka okulondoloziwe, isibonelo, "i-pulprouf (B. kern). Kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kanye nemvula ye-algae, ukungcoliswa kanye namapuleti lime futhi kusiza ukuhlanzwa kwezindonga nezinsika entwasahlobo. Ukusetshenziswa kuma-0,5 amalitha amanzi angu-10m3. Emva kwalokho, ingxenye yamanzi ikhishwe ezingeni elingu-5-10 cm ngaphansi kwama-nozzles futhi ikhiphe inhlekelele ezindaweni ezibukwayo kanye nokungcola, uma kukhona. Susa amanzi kusuka kumapayipi (akhishwe, ahlanzwa, akhipha iphampu yokuhlunga). Uma kunesidingo (futhi mhlawumbe), amapayipi ahlukaniswe izingxenye, ahlanzekile futhi asuse ukugcinwa. Bese unqamula futhi ulondoloze isihlungi. Izimbobo ze-skimmer, ama-nozzles, kanye no-niches of the Spotlights zivaliwe ngama-FOAM plugs. Okokufaka kwechibi kunciphisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Ice Expnsion Rextors. Kungaba ngamakhandlela epulasitiki angenalutho, amakamelo emoto ephezulu ye-alley noma omatilasi abavumayo. Inani labo linqunywa ekubalweni: Ivolumu yezintengiselwano yi-0.5% yevolumu yesitsha. Ama-Kompempiotors abopha umthwalo wephakethe lephakheji elinesihlabathi. Futhi ekugcineni, udinga ukususa izitebhisi ezisuswayo bese umboza isitsha sokuhlanganiswa ebusika.
Kusele ukulinda ubusika bungene futhi ngokuqala kwehlobo ukuqala ukujabulela ukuphoqeka okuthambile kwefonti yamanzi nemisebe efudumele yelanga. Amaholide ajabulisayo!
IBhodi Lokuhlelwa Liyabonga Inkampani "Ikhulu Lase-Akvarai-XXI", "UNUNENTY", "Akvapul", "Akvapul", "Markhinvest-Service", "Convaland", " Asd -iw "ukuze uthole usizo ekulungiseni okuqukethwe.