IWindows Ehlanganisiwe: Izinhlobo, Izici, Izinto Zokukhiqiza

Izici zamawindi ahlanganisiwe. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo nezinto zokwakha, isithunzi nobunzima, abakhiqizi, amanani.

Iwindi lohlobo lwesiFinnish liqukethe ozimele ezimbili ngokubopha okuhlukile (Fenestra)

Lula ngewindows elilodwa - amathuba okuvulwa kwezindiza ezimbili

Uhlobo lweJalimane Fenix ​​Type kusuka Fenestra

Uhlaka wokhuni ngaphandle oluvikelwe ngepulasitiki (Russer-svig)

Uhlobo lwaseJalimane lwewindi le-alumininum (Russer-svig)

I-Wooden Pad kuphrofayela ethi "Ifudumele" Aluminium inobukhulu be-20-24mm ("Ukuthuthalwa")

Uhlaka lwamapulangwe oluzungeze i-perimeter luvikelwe yi-aluminium lining (Russer-svig)

I-aluminium pad ihlelwe ngohlaka lwamapulangwe oluneziqeshana ezikhethekile zokulungisa ("Rus Svig")

Iwindi le-Aluminium Swedin

Lapho ubopha izinsimbi ze-aluminium ngqo esihlahleni, ngaphandle kwe-gasket noma igebe, ingozi yokuvuselela kabusha uhlaka luyanda

Ubukhulu bewindi elinezihlahla ezimbili bungasukela ku-95 kuye ku-210mm. Umshini oxhumanisa i-sash ikuvumela ukuthi uvikele ngokuphepha iwindi endaweni ethile oyifunayo

Ngenxa yokhuni, iwindi le-aluminium libukeka lifudumele futhi lithokomele ("ummangalinqubo")

Ukuba khona kwamakamelo amane okufakwa okushisayo kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwewindi le-aluminium-lokhuni emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu ("ukumiswa kwe-Promphoress")

I-Aluminium Lining ingapendwe kunoma yimuphi umbala ikhathalogi ye-RAL

Amafasitela anamuhla athi, okokuqala, amawindi enziwe ngezinto zesimanje. Kuyazi, kukhululekile, kuyathembeka, futhi yinhle. Ukusebenza, ukudala i-microclimate yangaphakathi egumbini: ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa okuphelele, ukushintshanisa umoya, dlulisa inani elidingekayo lokukhanya, vikela isikhala sangaphakathi kusuka ku-Noise. Kuyamangaza yini ukuthi ukukhethwa kwamawindi kunikezwa ukunakwa okungaka?

Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule, i-boom epulasitiki yaqala eMoscow: amafreyimu amadala okhuni angena ngaphansi komoya onamahloni. Yebo, amawindi avela ku-PVC, uma enza ngokufanelekile, anenzuzo eminingana. Enye into ethandwayo yamaphrofayili anama-Glass-paste yi-aluminium. Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ilula, ubuchwepheshe obusha bandise imisindo yayo kanye nokufaka ukushisa okufaka ukushisa, nezindlela zanamuhla zokwelashwa komhlaba zanamuhla ziguqulwa. Namuhla imfashini ibuyiselwe kuyo yonke imvelo, futhi ozimele befasitela benziwe ngokhuni - izinto ezinobungane kakhulu zemvelo nezibizi kakhulu, baphinde bathandwa. Izindlela zanamuhla zokucutshungulwa, ukupenda kwezinkuni, ubuchwepheshe obusha bobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza elenze kwaba isikhathi eside, abantu abavimbela isimo sezulu, esithuthukisiwe. Amafasitela ajwayelekile wokhuni kanye ne-oki azale ekwenziweni kwamawindi, hhayi uhlu, kepha ibha eligcotshwe (noma kunjalo, kwesinye isikhathi libizwa ngokuthi yi-Engineering Array). I-brace yamaphrofayili ewindows asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi.

Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukubopha zinezinzuzo zazo nokubi. Isifiso sokusebenzisa ama-PROSTALLY futhi sinciphise ukungahambi kahle kwalowo nalowo kubo okuholele ekudalweni kwamafasitela okuthiwa ahlanganisiwe. Zihlukaniswe nge-aluminium-aluminium, ipulasitiki yokhuni ne-aluminium nezokhuni. Lapho zibukezwa ukuqhathanisa kwamanani, iwindi le-1.51.5 m (Area-2,25m2) layiswa esihlahleni kanye nengilazi enamaketanga amabili akhazimulayo ngobukhulu obungu-32-36mm.

• I-Aluminium. Lesi sikhathi luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwamafasitela ahlanganisiwe. Izinto zokhuni ezinokushisa okuphansi nokuvuselelwa okuzwakalayo, okunobungane kwemvelo, kufanelekile kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi. Kepha ngisho nohlaka oluphezulu kakhulu luyinto efiselekayo ukuvikela emathonyeni angaphandle. Ukuvikela uhlaka lwezinkuni olusetshenzisiwe i-aluminium. Kuyinto engasindi, ehlala isikhathi eside nengeyona eyalungisa izinto ezinokumelana okuphezulu kwemithelela yezemvelo nakuzo zonke izikhathi zokusebenza akudingi ukulungiswa. Ukuqina kwezakhiwo ze-aluminium - iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-80 (impilo encane yokuxazulula imali). Le meta ingcono kunanoma iyiphi enye into, igcina izakhiwo zayo ezakhiwoko lapho amazinga okushisa ehla. Ngemuva kokucubungula ingaphezulu lemikhiqizo ye-aluminium, bamelana nokugqwala okubangelwa imvula, iqhwa, ukushisa futhi bakwazi.

  Abaholi ekukhiqizweni kwalelo windows - amaJalimane namazwe eScandinavia. Amafasitela amahle aseRussia akhiqizwa ngoJalimane, waseFinland, ubuchwepheshe baseSweden obubandakanya ukuhlukahluka okuhlukile kwenhlanganisela yalezi zinto ezimbili.

  1. Uhlobo lwesiFinnish. Kusetshenziswa ama-sash amabili ahlukene e-stonna block. Kulokhu, abangaphandle kwenziwa nge-aluminium, nangaphakathi kokhuni. Ama-flaps axhunyiwe ku-roller, ukuze ivulwe noma ngasikhathi sinye noma ngokuhlukile. Indlela exhuma ama-flaps ilula impela. Yinduku yensimbi, ukuphela okukodwa okuqondiswe ngokuqinile ethafeni elingaphandle, kanti owesibili uhamba eceleni kwembomo yensimbi etholakala ngohlaka lwangaphakathi. Induku ifakwe ama-retainers, avumela ukuqinisa i-sash endaweni oyifunayo ukuze ingangqongqozi emoyeni. Ingilazi eyodwa ifakwa kufreyimu yangaphandle, engathathwa, kanye ne-sunscreen, nesibuko, kanye ne-shockproof. Uhlaka lwangaphakathi lubekwe lucwebezelwe kabili. Ubukhulu bebhokisi lewindi bungasukela kuma-95 kuye ku-210mm. Okukhudlwana ibanga phakathi kwe-sash, okuphezulu kokusebenza okuphezulu ekushiseni nasekufakweni komsindo kunefasitela.

     Okubi kwama-Windows anezibopho ezihlukile kufaka phakathi isisindo esiphakeme kuphela futhi amathuba okuvula i-sash kuphela endizeni efanayo. Izinzuzo ze-AK - amandla okwakha izimpumputhe zelanga phakathi kweRamami, izinkomba eziphakeme kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo.

     Emakethe yethu, amafasitela anjalo amelelwa amafemu aseFinland Tiivi, Domus, Fenestra. Ngaphandle, yonke imikhiqizo ibukeka yanele kakhulu, kunzima ukwahluka okukhethekile phakathi kwabo. Kepha umakhi ngamunye unika amafasitela awo ngezici ezithile zobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, umkhiqizo we-DOMUS usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuvikela i-VAC. Isisindo Case Imininingwane yokhuni yamafasitela ibhalwe nge-vacuum enokwakheka okungashintshi umbala wemvelo wezinkuni, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukala ingaphezulu ngokuzayo. I-Fenestra ingumnikazi wobuchwepheshe obuvimbela ukubonakala ebusweni bebhokisi lamabala amnyama (imvamisa la mazinhlansi zenzeka ngenxa ye-resin equkethwe izinkuni). Umphumela onjalo utholakala ngokusebenzisa ungqimba olukhethekile lokuvikela ngaphakathi kwebhokisi. UTiivi unikeza amafasitela anama-sash abhangqiwe, phakathi kwawo ongabeka izimpumputhe, kanye nolunye uhlobo lokubopha iwindi: i-aluminium yangaphandle ngengilazi + ixhumeke.

     I-primis yohlaka ezimbili kusuka ku-fenestra kusuka ephayini ibiza ama- $ 520-530, i-domus- $ 560-580, TIIVI- $ 760-1000. Iwindi le-oak liphindwe kabili njengoba i-oak idinga ukomisa ngokuphelele nokusebenza. Inketho kungenzeka futhi lapho ukubopha izilwandle kwenziwa ngophayini, nakho konke okunye yi-oki ($ 800-900).

     Njengamanje, ungahlangana neWindows eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe baseFinland ngabakhiqizi baseRussia. Le mikhiqizo ibiza i-10-15% eshibhile kunokungeniswa. Kodwa-ke, awenzi i-vacuum implotion ngokhuni. Kwenziwa kuphela amaFinns.

  2. Uhlobo lwesiSwedish. Leli windi liqukethe ozimele ezimbili ezinama-linders asontekile: ngaphandle (kusuka kuphrofayela ye-aluminium enezingilazi ezizodwa) kanye naphakathi (ngokhuni, ngamafasitela amabili acwebezelayo acwebezelayo). Imikhiqizo enjalo imelelwa yi-TIIVI. Ubukhulu bebhokisi ngu-90-105mm. Imihlangano yewindows ifaka amathuba okuvulwa kwezindiza ezimbili futhi akuyona ibhokisi lewindi elincane kakhulu, noma kunjalo, i-Mound Compacle Plibs. Umkhiqizo onjalo owenziwe eMurmansk ubiza u- $ 860, kanye noMkhiqizo waseFinland- $ 1200.

  3. Uhlobo lwaseJalimane. Uhlaka lwezinkuni luvikelwe inqwaba ye-aluminium, ebekwe kulo lonke i-perimeter yewindi. Kepha uhlaka uqobo luhlala lungashadile. Kunezindlela eziningana zokubopha i-aluminium lining: ingaqoshwa yiziqeshana ezikhethekile noma eduze nohlaka lwamapulangwe. Ochwepheshe bathi iziqeshana zokuqinisa zishiywe phakathi kohlaka kanye ne-aluminium lihlanganisa igebe elithile, ukuhlinzeka umoya omncane wegumbi kanye nokuphuma komswakama. Manje, i-aluminium lining, uma kunesidingo, kulula ukuyikhipha bese uyifaka futhi. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi amafasitela anjalo azosebenza iminyaka engama-50. Omunye umklamo wokuhlanganisa nama-clippers yikhono lokuvula i-sash ezindizeni ezimbili. Iwindi elinamafuphu okugoqa oku-swivel, elenziwe ebukhwini baseJalimane besebenzisa izinto ezivela eJalimane, kubiza u- $ 750-780 (Pine) no- $ 1450-1500 (OAK). I-Fenestra ikhiqiza amawindi we-Fenix ​​eyodwa. Izindleko zomkhiqizo ezivela kuPine- $ 570-590. I-Russian Windows, eyenziwa kubuchwepheshe baseJalimane, izokubiza u- $ 500-590 (Pine), $ 550-560 (i-Larch), $ 900-1475 (OAK).

     Izingxenye zezinkuni zalolu hlobo lwamawindi walolu hlobo, uma zifisa, zine-tonered ngenhlaka ekhethekile eyisisekelo kanye ne-varnish esekelwe emanzini. Esikhundleni salokho, ungapenda imikhiqizo ngemibala ehlukahlukene (kushibhile ngo-10-15%). Iphrofayela ye-Aluminium nayo ipendwe kalula kunoma yimuphi umbala.

• Isihlahla se-aluminium. Leli windi linohlaka oluvela kwiphrofayili ye-aluminium, lunqunywe ngaphakathi esihlahleni. Uhlaka lwe-aluminium luhlala isikhathi eside, luhlala isikhathi eside, luvikelwe kahle kunoma yiliphi ithonya lommoya. I-aiz yefasitela lekamelo ibukeka ithokomele futhi ifudumele ngenxa ye-linings yokhuni eyenza umsebenzi wokuhlobisa.

  ERussia, ngesimo sezulu sayo esibandayo, ubusika obuhlala isikhathi eside namazinga okushisa aphansi, amaphrofayili afudumele 'ajwayelekile kakhulu ekwenzeni amafasitela e-aluminium. Igobolondo elingaphandle nelingaphakathi lalamaphrofayili ahlanganisiwe axhumeke nguMklami we-Thermal, noma ama-Thermostat-inxed politating e-polyamide eqinisiwe. I-thermomost iphazamisa ukugeleza kokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukushisa okuletha izakhiwo zesakhiwo. Ububanzi bokufakwa kwe-thermal kufaka ama-oscillates kusuka kubakhiqizi abahlukene kusuka ku-16 kuye ku-34mm, kepha akufanele kube ngaphansi kwengxenye ye-polyamide, okufakwe kuphrofayela ye-aluminium (ngokusemthethweni kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze " "Izinhlelo ezifudumele" eRussia). Futhi, i-thermal ifakiwe phakathi kohlaka lwe-aluminium kanye nokufakwa kokhuni, njengoba behluka ngezinga lokunwetshwa kwe-thermal.

  Ubuchwepheshe obubili obukhulu bokupenda iphrofayili ye-aluminium yaziwa:

  • I-Anodizing iyi-i-mid yensimbi yensimbi ukuze ifilimu evikela i-oxide yasungulwa. I-coating iqinile, imelana nemiphumela yasemkhathini. Enye yobunzima bayo kunalokho i-gamut yombala;
  • Ukufaka isicelo Paintwork coating by powder fafaza. I-wedge gamut yaleso sivumelwano ifaka yonke imibala ngokusho ikhathalogi ye-RAL.
  I-Woodning Lining ingenziwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokhuni ifakwe ezingoma ezikhethekile zokuvikela. Ubukhulu bokugqama busuka ku-20 kuye ku-24mm. Idizayini ehlukahlukene yephrofayili yezingxenye zokhuni ikuvumela ukuthi udale amawindi wanoma yisiphi isitayela, kusuka kwa-Classic kuya kwesimanjemanje.

  Izinzuzo zamafasitela anjalo kufanele zifake ukuphepha komlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aluminium ihamba kancane kancane kunepulasitiki, ikuvumela ukuthi udale amawindi anoma yikuphi ukwakheka nosayizi, izinhlobo zokuvula kanye nobulungu bokuvulwa kokukhanya. Ngamanye amagama, ngosizo lwalokhu okuqukethwe, ngisho nemicabango enesibindi kakhulu yabaqambi. Enye inzuzo yohlaka lwe-aluminium kulula ukunakekela: akukho okokuhlanza okuzophangwa.

  Izinga lamafasitela ahlangene linqunywa "ngama-trifles" anjalo njengokuqinisa izitho zangasese zokhuni; ukuthambisa okufuywayo okunikezwe kuma-loops ewindi; ICompact yemvelo yerabha; Ifilimu evikelayo ivimbela indawo enamapulangwe enqubweni yokuhamba nokufakwa kwemikhiqizo.

  Kunamafasitela ahlanganisiwe aklanyelwe izimo ezihlukile zesimo sezulu. Kukhona ngisho nemodeli yeNyakatho Edlulele, enezingubo ezimbalwa ezishisayo ngokuzenzisa okwengeziwe ngaphakathi.

  Kunefasitela elenziwe ubuchwepheshe base-Italy besebenzisa iphrofayili yase-Italy nezinkuni, kusuka ku- $ 1,350 (ok Imodeli eyenzelwe izimo ezinzima zesimo sezulu futhi ifakwe ama-thermomoms amabili abiza ngo- $ 1500. Iwindi, elenziwa kubuchwepheshe base-Italy, kepha kusukela ezintweni zaseRussia kuzobiza ama-20% ashibhile. I-lining yokhuni ingahluka kakhulu. Kubalulekile kuphela ukuthi unake kuphela ukuthi i-Wooden Pad ayikhishwe futhi ingahlukeki ngohlaka lwamapulangwe.

• Izinkuni-plastice. Kulokhu, uhlaka lwamapulangwe olungaphandle kwewindi luvikelwe ngopulasitiki. Kunohlelo olunjalo kuze kube manje alusatshalaliswa kangako. Ipulasitiki idlala indima efanayo ne-aluminium ezakhiweni zokhuni ne-aluminium. Amaphrofayili we-PVC angenalutho kanye nohlelo olucatshangwe kahle lokwenza umswakama ukuvikela ngokuphephile iwindi emathonyeni asemkhathini futhi awadingi ukunakekelwa. Iphrofayili ye-PVC inamathiselwe esihlahleni ngosizo lwabanikazi abakhethekile abasusa ama-voltage aqhamuka kuma-coefficients ahlukahlukene wokunwetshwa kwezinkuni ne-PVC. Kukhona iwindi elivela kubha yephayini lama- $ 570, kusuka ku-Oak- $ 1085, kusuka esihlahleni esibomvu seMeranti- $ 670.

  Ngamafasitela anamuhla, izesekeli eziningi ezingeziwe ziye zathuthukiswa, ngamunye wawo enza imisebenzi yawo ethile:

  • Amanetha omiyane avikela igumbi ukuthi lingene ezinambuzaneni nasesicamulweni se-spider;
  • Izimpumputhe zivikela isikhala sendlu kusuka elangeni namehlo apheqayo; ifakwe zombili ngaphakathi endlini nangaphakathi komklamo wewindi;
  • Ukusika ama-aluminium shutters (ama-shutter agingqika) - asindiswe emoyeni, umsindo kanye nezinye izinhlaka zasekhaya nezomkhathi; ahlinzeke ngokwenza okuthe xaxa okushisayo nokukhulisa ukuvikelwa komoya ekuphangeni;
  • I-Fresh Air valve yokungena komoya (ukuhlunga noma ngaphandle kwayo).

Ngeshwa, ukusetshenziswa kwamafasitela anezimpawu ezimbili-ezintathu zophawu cishe ziyeka ngokuphelele ukungeniswa komoya omusha egumbini. Isixazululo esiphumelele kakhulu kule nkinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-valve akhethekile wokuphefumula wewindows. Umsebenzi wamadivayisi anjalo ukuhlinzeka ukufinyelela endlini entsha ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwezindawo zomsindo wewindi. I-valve ingatholakala ngqo efasiteleni noma eduzane odongeni. Ukufakwa odongeni kulukhuni kakhulu futhi kubiza kakhulu. Uma ifakwe efasiteleni kunezindlela ezimbili zokusebenza zesenzo: I-valve iyayalelwa ngewindi, noma ifakwe ngqo ngokubopha okubanzi kwewindows ngaphandle kokukhipha iphakethe lengilazi.

Kunamamodeli womabili ngokulawulwa kokugeleza komoya futhi ngaphandle kokulawula. Njengoba kunezimo ezahlukene, kulula kakhulu ukukwazi ukulungisa ukugeleza komoya. Ihlinzekelwe umthetho wokubhala ngesandla noma othomathikhi. Nge-Manual, umbuzo uhlala uphakama lapho, kuliphi igumbi nokuthi ungalivula kanjani i-valve. Manje izinhlelo zokuvutha umoya okuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukugcwala komoya wangaphandle kuya ngezinga lomswakama ohlobene naleso naleso sakhiwo. Uhlelo olunjalo luqukethe ukuhlinzekwa kanye namadivayisi wokuphekela ngokulungiswa komswakama. Amadivayisi okuhlinzeka afakiwe emakamelweni amakhulu kumafreyimu wewindi elilungile. Umoya ongaphandle ufakiwe (lapho kunesidingo, lapho kunesidingo futhi kudingeke khona ukuthi kudingeka malini), okuya egumbini lokusebenza (ekhishini, endlini yangasese, lapho kuneziteshi zangasese ezivame ukubekelwa khona. Amadivayisi wokukhipha athatha umoya ongcolisiwe ovela emakamelweni afakiwe, futhi atholwe amakamelo amakhulu. Ukulungisa ukulethwa kanye nokukhishwa komoya kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ugesi - ngokwehla kwezinga lomswakama ngaphakathi, i-bandwidth incishiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi lapho leli zinga likhuphuka.

Zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi we-elekthronikhi nazo zingabanjwa ngezesekeli ezingezekile:

• ukuhlinzeka ngomthethonqubo ozenzakalelayo womoya omncane;
• ukuhlinzeka ukuvulwa okukude kwe-framug nezimpumputhe;
• Amadivayisi we-Electromagnetic and Electro-Optical Security athumela i-alamu lapho kuvulwa ngewindows okungagunyaziwe.