Nakulokhu futhi ngamafulethi afudumele. Ama-Cable Electrical Heating Systems: "Marthw" izindawo, ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo, izici zezigaba zokushisa, izintambo nama-thermostats.
Izinhlelo zanamuhla ezintantayo ezintantayo zaphansi ziphephile ngokubuka kwazo zombili amazinga okushisa (24-28c) nemisebe ye-electromagnetic (10mktl) ->
1. Inhlabathi.
2. Ukuvalwa kwamatshe.
3. Ukufakwa okushisayo.
4. Ifilimu yepulasitiki.
5. Ukuqiniswa kokhonkolo ukhonkolo.
6. Ipulangwe elikhuphukayo.
7. Ukushisa ikhebula.
8. Ukuqondanisa ukhonkolo.
9. Izinto ezingaphezulu.
10. Thermostat
1. Izinto ezindala ezingaphezulu.
2. Ungqimba oluhlanganisiwe.
3. Igridi (ngokwesibonelo, iketanga elincanyana le-wire, cishe 2525mm).
4. Ukushisa ikhebula.
5. PetClone futhi, uma kunesidingo, uPrecety ongaphezulu.
6. Ukunamathisela ukunamathela.
7. Izinto ezingaphezulu.
8. Thermostat
1. ukhaphethi.
2. I-aluminium foil (ngokuzithandela).
3. Ukuqinisa igridi.
4. Ukushisa ikhebula.
5. IPoland flooring.
6. Ukudlula kwegebe.
7. I-Thermostat
Imigwaqo yokushisa amakhebula yokushisa, noma kunjalo, akesabi imithwalo yokufuduka futhi ayicondli i-parquet ngenxa yokufaka ngokweqile noma ngaphansi kwefenisha
Umqondo wokushisa ekhaya ngokushisa kwezitezi wavuka ezikhathini zasendulo. Kuma-70s. I-XXV, ngokuvela kagesi okungabizi kakhulu futhi okungabizi kakhulu, ngoba lezi zinhloso zaqala ukusebenzisa izintambo zokushisa ezitholakala ku-sand-cement screed. Ngakho-ke inkathi yokushisa kagesi yaqala.
Phansi okufudumele kwendlu efudumele
Ukushisa kukagesi kwesitezi (phansi okufudumele) kuyakwazi ukuba yikho konke okusemqoka nokungakhethwayo (kusetshenziswe kanye namanye amadivaysi okushisa) wohlelo lokushisa olungafakwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi se-CHP. Umthombo wokushisa yikhebula lokushisa. Iphenduka phansi ibe yiphaneli enkulu, ngokuzuza ngokulinganayo ukushisa. Intambo ixhumeke ku-thermostat ezenzakalelayo (thermostat), elawula izinga lokushisa lomoya egumbini. Le divayisi ilungisiwe odongeni futhi ukuphela kwengxenye ebonakalayo yohlelo. Imininingwane yokushisa egumbini iseza kuyo kusuka enzwa ye-thermal efakwe kushubhu elikhethekile elilonakalisiwe (ukuze lishintshwe ekuqhekekeni) endizeni ebopha ikhebula, ngqo kunoma iyiphi indawo elula Kwabaphathi.Njengesisekelo (esikhulu), uhlelo olufudumele lwaphansi luvame ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni ezihlukile (amakhethini, amakamelo), kufaka phakathi lezo ezingenakuxhunywa ekushiseni okuphakathi. Kulokhu, umklami uhlala eyindawo enkulu yokuqamba imiklamo yawo, ngoba asikho isidingo sokufuna izindawo zokushisa amadivaysi namapayipi futhi ngandlela thile kwabahlobisa. Ukubhoboza ungqimba olungaphezulu kwesitezi esifudumele kungasetshenziswa itshe lemvelo noma lokufakelwa, ukhonkolo, uthayela, ishubhu, i-linoleum, ukhaphethi, isihlahla esimisiwe (i-parquet noma i-floorboard).
Njengohlelo olwengeziwe, kwakhiwa phansi okufudumele ukufeza induduzo ephezulu kakhulu emakamelweni aphansi (amakamelo okugeza, amakhishi, amachibi), ezitezi zokuqala zezakhiwo, kanye nakwezinye izindawo zokuhlala. Indawo yekhasimende lesistimu eyengeziwe likhetha ukuqonda kwalo. Isibonelo, ungafudumeza phansi egumbini lezingane, igumbi lokuhlala, igumbi lokugezela, isikhala esincane ngaphansi kwedeski lokubhala noma ehholo. Uhlelo lohlelo luthola uhlelo olukhethwayo ezindlini zasemadolobheni, ngoba phansi amanzi afudumele kuzo kunzima ukuzisebenzisa.
Izinhlelo zokushisa eziphansi kagesi zinezinzuzo eziningi ezingenakuphikwa. Uhlelo oluphambili egumbini ngalinye lingagcinwa ngokunemba okuphezulu ukuze ligcine amazinga okushisa athile. Kulokhu, phansi kuzoba ngumoya we-2-3c we-themal kuphela. Ukuthinta izinyawo ezifudumele ekushiseni okunethezekile ngokomzimba (24-28c) Izindawo zokuphumula zenduduzo kanye ne-bliss ezingafinyeleleki lapho zisebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokushisa, futhi umoya opholile osezingeni eliphakeme unikeza umuzwa wokusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho okusalungiswa ekufutheleni ngale ndlela yegumbi, nothuli, noma ngabe kungasuswa ngesikhathi, cishe akusuki phezulu ngokugeleza komoya okuwusizo futhi akwenzi komzimba. Akuweli ngaphansi kwendlela ejwayelekile kanye nezinga lomswakama womoya, ngoba izinga lokushisa eliphansi komhlaba, njengoba sekushiwo, liphansi.
Lapho ulungisa uhlelo lokushisa kagesi, asikho isidingo sokuvula wonke phansi. Kwanele ukunquma indawo yomonakalo kwikhebula bese uvula phansi kuphela ngalesi sikhathi. Iziphetho zekhebula zixhunyiwe kusetshenziswa ukuhlanganiswa okukhethekile kokulungiswa, ngemuva kwalokho kuphinde kwathelwa ngosimende. Ukulungiswa kwe-thermostat noma ukufaka esikhundleni senzwa ngeke kube nzima uma lokhu kwafakwa ishubhu elihlanganisiwe.
Ngokuqondene nezitatimende ezingozini zezinhlelo zokushisa kagesi, azikho idatha yenhloso kule akhawunti. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, ukuphepha kwemvelo kokushisa okunjalo akukungabazi. Ngokuya ngamazinga wokuhlanzeka kanye nemithetho yeRussia (Sanpin) 2971-84, amandla enkambu kagesi ezakhiweni zendawo yokuhlala awakwazi ukwedlula i-500v / m, kanye nezinga lokungeniswa kwamandla kazibuthe wemvamisa yezimboni (SANPINE 2.1.2.1-00) kufanele ube ngaphansi kwe-10mktl. Amanani wangempela walezi zinhlaka zamakhamera ezinkambu ze-electromagnetic ngaphezulu kwama-gels anezintambo ezivikelekile aphansi kunalezo ezichazwe kaninginingi. Abakhiqizi babhekise ekungeneni kwe-electrofolting test kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-300V / m. Ubufakazi be-APO abasebenzi besikhungo sokuphepha se-electromagnetic Security Countre of Healthcare, esichithwe ezakhiweni sezilinganiso sokuhlala sikhombise ukuthi amanani wokungezwani nokungeniswa okwedlule phansi awedluli ngemuva. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezitezi ezifudumele azitholwa ngaphansi komlilo kune-wiring kagesi ejwayelekile.
Ukukhuluma ngokuntuleka kokushisa kukagesi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungeziwe kufanele kuqashelwe. Ikakhulu ugesi omningi udla uhlelo oluphambili. Isibonelo, ngokushisa indlu ngokulahleka okushisayo okungama-30kW ngesikhathi sokushisa, uhlelo ludinga amandla acishe abe ngu-500. "Ukushisa kukagesi njalo ngonyaka kubiza umnikazi ngezikhathi ezingama-20 kubiza kakhulu kunohlelo oluholele kugesi oluphambili. Ukuxhuma lolu hlelo oluphambili lokufudumeza kukagesi kwangaphandle kubiza kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ukunikezwa kwegesi okuyinhloko, futhi noma ngabe indlu yakhiwe ngokuhambisana namazinga wakamuva wokugcina amandla.
Ezakhiweni zasemadolobheni, ezakhiwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10 edlule nalapho kufakwa khona izinto, ama-eyeliner ukuya emakhaya nasezindlini zenzelwe amazinga amadala (cishe amakamelo angama-2,5kw ngefulethi kuphela njengokushisa okuthe xaxa. Yebo, futhi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela, ngoba kungenzeka ukulayisha ngokweqile ikhebula lokuphakelayo (uma bonke omakhelwane befaka kanye nemishini kagesi eminingi). Kodwa noma ngabe amandla kagesi adingekayo ukuxhuma ukufakwa kukagesi kuyatholakala (amafulethi ama-dondrone angama-7kw), kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi ngabe i-wiring ekhona ivunyelwe yini ukuxhuma phansi okufudumele kumthwalo wamanje. Uma kungenjalo, ungancoma ukufaka uhlelo ngamandla angaphezu kwe-2KW ngokusebenzisa i-wiring ehlukile nomshini ohlukile.
Imithwalo yehadiwe kagesi evunyelwe (ngokusho kukaPeu)
| Okubonakalayo okubonakalayo | Ingxenye, MM2 | Umthwalo omkhulu wamanje, futhi | Amandla aphezulu aphelele, kw |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ithusi | 21. | ishumi nesishiyagalolunye | 4,1 |
| 21.5 | 27. | 5.9 | |
| 22.5 | 38. | 8.3 | |
| Aluminiyamu | 22.5 | amashumi amabili | 4,4. |
| 24. | 28. | 6,1 |
Zonke izinkinga ezinkulu ngohlelo ziphakama ngenxa yokufaka okungafanele. "Mncane" indawo yekhebula le-Half-ngokweqile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, bukhathala, uma ukususwa ukushisa okuvela ebusweni kwalo akwanele. Ngakho-ke, ku-concrete screed, lapho ikhebula ligcwele khona, akufanele kube khona ubuze obuzungezile. Ukushiswa kwemishini kwemithambo yokufudumeza ngaphezulu komkhawulo ovumele kugcwele ukwephulwa kwesakhiwo se-crystal sensimbi futhi kushise ikhebula. Ngakho-ke, ungapheli amandla futhi ungagobisi izintambo nge-radius emincane kunomenzi uvumela. I-zebra eshisayo ingavela emphemeni wephansi, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kweziza ezibandayo nezishisayo. Kungenzeka futhi ukwenzeka ezindaweni zokushisa ngokweqile kwendawo, ngenxa yokuthi izinsiza zohlelo zincishiswe kakhulu, impahla yesembozo esiphansi (ikakhulukazi i-Parquet) iyonakalisiwe. Konke lokhu kwenzeka uma isinyathelo sokubeka ikhebula singalungile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhambisana okucacile kobuchwepheshe bokubeka, ikhebula lizosebenza okungenani iminyaka engama-25 (ayize ibe yiminyaka engama-50 yokubala). Yize isiqinisekiso sakho sinikezwa okuncane kakhulu. Isibonelo, iminyaka eyi-15 - i-ceilhit (Spain) ne-10let- alcatel (Norway).
Izindlela zokupheka ezidumile
Esigabeni, isitezi esifudumele sifana ne-heterogeneous futhi sifana nekhekhe le-puff, "kubhakwe" kusetshenziswa enye yezindlela ezinhlanu zokupheka "(kuya ngenhloso enkulu). Ungakha uhlelo lokushisa okuyisisekelo lokuqongelela nokushisa okuqondile, uhlelo lwendabuko lokushisa okwengeziwe, uhlelo olungezekile lokushisa esitezi esincanyana noma esitezi sokhuni. "Umpheki" ngamunye (amakhebula amakhebula) ufuna ukwenza "isidlo" (ubuchwepheshe bendalo ebonakalayo) okuthile. Ikhasimende akufanele lenqabe lokhu "okugqamile" kwikhasimende akunacala ukuze ungalahli ilungelo lokuthola inkonzo nokulungisa. Sizikhawulela encazelweni yobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo.Ake siqale ngeqiniso lokuthi uhlelo oluphambili lokushisa kagesi lungahlelwa ngqo emhlabathini. Ngasikhathi sinye, isisekelo saso sikhonza umcamelo wamatshe amatshe amakhulu. Ukulalela uhlelo oluphambili esitezi sikakhonkolo esivele sahlelwa emagcekeni kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo zamatshe amatshe, ngokwemvelo, azisetshenziswa, futhi isisekelo sihlanjululwe kahle futhi sihlotshiswe kahle. Phezu kwesisekelo beka ungqimba lwezinto ezinzima ezifaka ukushisa ngokushisa ngobukhulu obungu-50-100mm, osebenzela umkhondo wokuqala. Izingxenye ze-ribbon ekhuphukayo noma ukwakheka okuqinisisiwe kocingo olungakaze lube yiqhwa kuze kube sekupheleni kobuso obukhonkolo batholakala, okusiza kakhulu ukulungiswa kwentambo. Okulandelayo, ikhebula libekwe kwindlela ehlosiwe. Lapho-ke kunesici sakho sokhonkolo sesibili, ubukhulu bokuthi ngokushisa okuqondile bungu-30-70 mm, futhi esimweni sedivayisi yohlelo lokuqothula oluqongelelwe, 100-150mm. Engxenyeni yegumbi engxenyeni engezansi yezindonga, imichilo yokufakelwa kokushisa iyabekwa, okuvimbela ukonakala phansi ngenxa yokwanda okushisayo kokhonkolo. Ngaphezulu kwe-screed kungukuqeda ukunamathela. Ngokushisa okuqondile, kungukushisa okunzima, okudla okuvuthayo okufana nethayela lobumba.
Ohlelweni oluqoqiwe, ikhebula linconyelwa ukuba lusondele endizeni ephakathi yomzimba oswelekile, lapho ukulethwa kokushisa okushisayo kufaka imihlahlandlela ekhethekile noma igridi. Ngaphansi kwezindawo zegridi zibekwa ama-backups wepulasitiki azungezwe izinduku ngezinduku, isinyathelo saso sihambelana nesinyathelo sokubeka ikhebula. Ikhebula linamathiselwe kugridi nge-bracket yepulasitiki noma ngocingo. Kulokhu, isembozo saphansi singcono ukusebenzisa ipulaki, izinkuni, ukhaphethi nezinye izinto ezinokusebenza okuphansi okushisayo ukuze ukushisa kugcinwe isikhathi eside kungqimba lukakhonkolo.
Uhlelo olwengeziwe lokushisa lwendabuko luhlangene, njengomthetho, ngaphezulu kwesitezi esidala, sibeka ikhebula kuMhlahlandlela noma ukuqinisa i-mesh ngqo ekufakweni kokushisa ngaphandle kwesisu sokushisa ngaphandle kwesisu sokushisa ngaphandle kwesisulu esiphakathi. Uhlelo olunjalo lungasetshenziswa ezakhiweni zezinhlobo ezahlukene, zombili emaphepheni nasezindlini zasemadolobheni. Kuliqiniso, i-concrete screed itholakala ngaphezulu kufanele ibe nobukhulu obusuka ku-30 kuye kwangama-70mm, ukuze ifakwe ngoketshezi ngokwanele futhi i-homegeneous ilwenge kahle ikhebula kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. I-Avota edivayisini yohlelo olwengeziwe lokufudumeza ngaphezulu kwesitezi esidala noma esikhonkolo esinentambo ngokufakwa kwentambo esihlahleni esincane (amathoyilethi, amahholo namanye amakamelo efulethini lamuhla lase-Urban kusuka ekusetshenzisweni kwe Ukufakelwa okushisayo, njengomthetho, kwenqaba. Ngaphandle kwawo, ukufudumeza, kunjalo, kuzoba yinhle kwezomnotho, kepha ngeke kudingeke ukudela ama-5-10 cm ukuphakama kwegumbi. Ikhebula ligoqwa yinyoka noma liwukulungiswa futhi lilungise ngqo esitezi esidala saphansi. Ukusuka phezulu, esikhundleni se-screed, isendlalelo se-glue ethayishwe sisetshenziselwa ukomisa izinsuku eziyi-1-2. Ngemuva kwalokho kukhona ukuqeda ukunamathela noma ukubeka uthayela ngqo kwi-glue esetshenzisiwe.
Manje mayelana nokwakhiwa komklamo wobuqili (phambili, ngenxa yengozi yayo yomlilo uma kwenzeka kuba nephutha lokufaka) - ukuhanjiswa komsakazi wezinkuni zamakamelo ezizwe. Lapho kudalwa esitezi sokhuni, ukufakwa kwe-thermal kufakwa kwigebe phakathi kwama-lags, ngaphezulu kwalo i-aluminium foil kanye ne-mesh yokuqinisa ikhebula. Ngaphakathi, lapho intambo idlula khona ngeziwula zokhuni, ihlele iziwula zodwa, ikhebula lidluliswa ngamashubhu wensimbi. Ukubhoboza ukubhoboza ukunamathela kusetshenziswa phansi kwe-20-30 mm ubukhulu. Ungabeka ikhebula bese uqonde esitezi sokhuni bese uthele umqulu.
Ukushisa kugijimela ... izintambo
Izigaba Zokushisa Eziyi-Single-Core
Izingxenye ezimbili zokushisa izindlu
Ukufudumeza ama-mat kususelwa ezingxenyeni zokushisa ezi-single-ezishisa izindlu
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Imithambo kuphela yekhebula elivikelwe okukodwa lingakwenziwa kusuka ku-nichrome, ngensimbi ye-galvanized, ithusi noma enye into eyakha ulwazi lwefemu. Ukufakelwa kwemithambo kwenza okubili-, ezintathu- nene-ungqimba. I-PVC, i-polyethylene eqinile, i-teflon (i-fluororon), kusetshenziselwa i-ailbene irabha. Izinga lokushisa leveni lokushisa ngokufakwa okulungile nokusebenza kohlelo alwedluleli nge-80c, ngenkathi ukufakwa kubhekwe ngaphezu kwe-100 ° C. Uma lincane inani elibaliwe lokushisa kwethambo (yithi, 50c), kulula ukuthi ukungenelela kubonakale kakhulu kanye nentambo isikhathi eside. Kuliqiniso, amandla athile awo ancipha futhi kufanele ayithenge ngokwengeziwe futhi afake kancane.
Phezu kokuhlukaniswa kwangaphakathi, isikrini sensimbi noma yocingo lwethusi, i-aluminium foil noma ukuhola, ukukhonza, ngokuyinhloko, kufakwa izinhloso zokuphepha. Kuvikela ukufakwa kanye nomgogodla kusuka kumonakalo wemishini futhi kuyisisekelo socingo. Kepha isikrini esikhulu sinciphisa kakhulu imisebe ye-electromagnetic eyakhiwe ngentambo. Ukukhipha amasistimu ngentambo ye-Shieved Single-Core, isikrini sisetshenziswa zombili njenge-wire okuphakelayo (ukubuyela emuva), kepha zitholakala kuphela ngokuhlalisana ngokushisa, ngenxa yokuthi imisebe ye-elektromagnetic ye-electromagnetic yehla kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye ukusebenzisa ukwehlukaniswa okwengeziwe kweTeflon (njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, ku-Spyheat), ikhebula lizomelana ngempumelelo futhi lithambe kabili. Ngaphandle kwesikrini, kufakwa igobolondo elivikelayo, njengomthetho, kusuka ku-PVC. Isigaba sokushisa kusuka kukhebula elilodwa-ikhebula liqukethe iziqobelo ezimbili kanye nokuphela okubandayo okubili. Lapho ubeka phansi, zombili iziphetho zomongo wokushisa kufanele zisondela ku-thermostat (iphuzu lokuxhuma kwenethiwekhi).
Ezintanjeni ezimbili eziyinhloko, ngokuya ngomklamo, ukufudumeza ezimbili noma ukufudumeza okukodwa kanye nethambo elilodwa lokuphakelayo (okuphakelayo - kusuka ku-wire wethusi) kuyasetshenziswa. Ingxenye ye-nucleation yekhebula le-tier amabili ngasikhathi sinye zonke izintambo zixhunywe ngokuphephile futhi ziqiniswe nge-cap yokuphela, kanti ezinye ziqediwe ngama-clutch kanye nama-exs amakhaza ukuxhuma kwinethiwekhi. Ngenxa yalomklamo, isigaba sinezinzuzo eziningi. Okokuqala, amasimu kazibuthe wazo zombili izintambo ezinamanzi anokuvalwa kwamanje futhi kunxeshezelwa ngokwengxenye (ikakhulukazi esimweni sokusonteka kabili - i-fir firm, Sweden). Isikrini esizungeze imithambo Ngaphezu kwalokho sinciphisa le misebe ngokunganaki izindinganiso ezincane ezingayiphathi impilo yabantu (ukungeniswa kwamabuzi ebangeni le-0.1-1mktl). Okwesibili, ukubeka isigaba sokushisa kusuka kukhebula elifudumeza lezi zindlu ezimbili kulula kunokuba kusuka kokukodwa, ngoba akudingekile ukuletha isiphetho sesibili emuva ku-thermostat.
Imvilovi ebhubhisayo ivikela ngokuthembekile kumakhebuli emikhamweni yemishini, evumela ukuba bayisebenzise ezimweni ezinzima (ngokwesibonelo, lapho kufudumeza izinyathelo ze-fever House). Ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu yezobuchwepheshe yezintambo ukuhanjiswa kwamandla (isizukulwane esithile sokushisa). Izingxenye ezivame ukufudumeza ezivame kakhulu ngamandla asheshayo we-15-21 w / m ajwayelekile kakhulu. Bahlinzekwa kumthengi esongelwe echibini. Izinkampani eziningana ezinkulu zakwamanye amazwe nezifuywayo zibandakanyeka ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezinjalo, ngalinye lisebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kwalo kwezobuchwepheshe futhi linamathela ekubukeni kwalo lapho izintambo zingcono zilusebenzise khona ukufudumeza izakhiwo ezifudumele zokushisa kanye nezinto ezishukumisayo. Isibonelo, ebangeni lezinkampani CEILHHIT, Nokia, Kima, Ennsto (Finland), CST, Eltech Electronics (Russia) zethulwe zombili izintambo zezindlu ezinamandla, lapho kungenzeka khona ukushisa igumbi noma usayizi. I-De-VI (Denmark), "i-terma" (iRussia), i-Nokia (isitshalo sakwa-Israyeli
Ngomgomo, ebangeni lawo mafemu asohlwini, yiqiniso, ungathola izintambo ezinamandla kakhulu - ukusuka ku-21 kuye ku-21 w / m (ngobubanzi obungu-5-10mm ukuze bakhuphuke ngokhonkolo obukhulu be-30-100mm). Kepha lapho usebenzisa, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi "bazwela" amaphutha lapho bebeka amathuba amakhulu okubukeka ebusweni bendawo evuthayo ethi "ukushisa kwe-zebra" (izintambo zikude kakhulu nomunye). Kungenzeka futhi ukulimala ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwikhebula ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile (ukuhwebelana okungavumelekile noma izintambo zokuwela). Izintambo ezinobubanzi obungu-2-3MM zokushisa okwengeziwe, ezifakwe ku-concrete cestrete (kuze kufike ku-3cm) noma ezitezi zokhuni, zinamandla wesifunda, zinamandla wesifunda, abe yi-auransi ye-5-12.
Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni okuphumelelayo kwekhebula yikhwalithi yokuhlangana. Kufanele iqinisekise ukuqina kweyunithi yokuxhuma kanye nokuxhumana kagesi okuthembekile iminyaka eminingi. Amafemu ahlukene asebenzisa izinketho ezahlukene zezinhlanganisela (ukuthengisa, ukufudumala, ukumboza) nokubekwa uphawu (ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kwe-shrink plastiki, ukugcwalisa amakhompiyutha e-polymerizing). Ukwethembeka nokuqina kunqunywa ukuphelela kobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe, kanye nekhwalithi yenhlangano. Ngakho-ke, inqubo engcono kakhulu yokuthembela okuhlangenwe nakho okude komenzi womenzi emakethe yezitezi ezifudumele nesikhathi senkonzo yama-free.
Izintambo zamandla aphansi eziphansi ziyathengiswa noma zihamba ngama-bays, noma ngendlela yama-mat. Lesi sakamuva siyintambo egxishwe isitembu esinamathiselwe kumagridi enethiwekhi we-fiberglass grids 50cm ububanzi nobude obuhambisana namandla ohleli akhethiwe. I-Heating Mats yenziwa ngokukhethekile ukufudumeza okunethezeka okuthe xaxa emakamelweni lapho kungenakwenzeka ukukhulisa izinga laphansi nge-0.6-1 cm (ngaphandle kobukhulu besembozo esiphansi). Njengomthetho, lezi yizindlu zangasese, amathoyilethi kanye nemigwaqo enophahla oluphansi ezakhiweni zokuhlala zesakhiwo sedolobha. Igridi ingagawulwa izingcezu ezihlukile, kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqotho bekhebula, bese ibeka endizeni yanoma yikuphi ukucushwa (yisho, udlula isithiyo).
Ukushisa mat kanye nezigaba ezisuselwa kumakhebuli amancanyana avikelwe ikhebula akhiqize i-de-vi, cst, ceilhit, Nokia, ama-Ensto, e-Stiebel Eltron (Germany). Lapho ukhetha imodeli, kufanele unake isikhathi sewaranti lapho kuzofakwa khona izintambo futhi zithathwe mahhala, kanye nezitifiketi zokuphepha kwezemvelo nokuphepha komlilo. Qaphela ukuthi ngisho nenhloso yokonga, akufanele usebenzise isigaba esisodwa emakamelweni aphansi kwemiklamo ehlukene. Kungcono ukuguqukela ekufakweni kwezingxenye ezizimele zokushisa ngama-thermostat ahlukile. Ukubeka ikhebula kungakwenziwa kuphela kulezo zindawo zegumbi, lapho kungekho khona ifenisha eyisisekelo (ngaphandle kwemilenze) namakhaphethi.
Hlola amandla adingekayo wesigaba sokushisa, ikhasimende may, ngokususelwa endaweni yegumbi. Amandla athile oHlelo Olukhulu Lokushisa Engxenyeni ephakathi leRussia, kuya ngokufakwa kwendlu okushisayo kwendlu: Uma kudala uhlelo olungezekile lwe-elektrostropriation, isiteshi 110-130 w / M2 kanye nedivayisi yohlelo oluphambili lwe-Direct Ukushisa (endabeni yecala, ikhebula kufanele libekwe okungenani ku-70% ebusweni. Phansi kwegumbi ngalinye elifudumele!) - Vdiapazone 120-150 w / m2. Amandla wokuqongelela amasistimu kwesinye isikhathi afinyelela kuma-240W / M2. Lapho ufaka ematweni kokhuni, amandla athile avumelekile akufanele adlule ku-80W / M2. Ukuze ungathengeli unamandla amakhulu noma, kunalokho, asikho isigaba sokushisa esinamandla esinamandla, kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha kwemodeli yochwepheshe onekhono lenhlangano ethengisa imishini enjalo.
Ukuxhuma uhlelo lokushisa kagesi kunethiwekhi kwenziwa ukuxhumeka (Forks kanye namasekeli) akuvunyelwe.
I-Shitering Braid empeleni isuselwe ukuthi esimweni sokuqhekeka kokufakelwa kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabantu.
Kuya ngenhloso yohlelo, i-thermostat kumele ibe nedizayini evamile noma yomswakama futhi ifakwe ngqo egumbini elifudumele noma ekuvikelweni kukagesi.
Ukuvikela ukubhekelwa esisekelweni esifushane ohlelweni, amadivaysi ashukumisayo noma amadivaysi okuvikeleka (i-UZO) afakiwe.
I-Electronic "Kochegar"
I-thermostat enenzwa yokushisa yaphansi, kanye nekhebula lokushisa, yinto ebalulekile yohlelo lokushisa kagesi. Ama-thermostats anjalo akhiqizwa yi-OJ Microline (eDenmark), eberle (Jermany), i-De-VI, i-EnsTO, CST, Elek elektronikhi nabanye.
Kuzinhlelo ezilula kakhulu zokufudumeza Cable (ngokwesibonelo, egumbini lokugezela noma indlu yangasese), izindleko ezingekho ngaphansi kwama-thermostats kusuka ku- $ 40 kuya ku- $ 120 zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokubheka amazinga okushisa aphansi noma ahlobene nomoya ku-0.1-2 ° C (kuya ngemodeli), i-thermostat engafinyeleleki ihamba uhlelo, ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kunani elifanayo, kucisha. Ukufaka amapharamitha okushisa afunekayo kuyakwenziwa isinyathelo, usebenzisa switch esikhuphukayo, noma ngokushelela, usebenzisa i-restion eguquguqukayo. Kulokho uhlelo lokushisa lungaphansi kwamandla kagesi, umsebenzisi ubika i-LED.
Ama-thermostat ahlelekile abiza u- $ 100-200 futhi ngaphezulu avumela hhayi kuphela ukugcina amazinga okushisa acacisiwe, kepha futhi awushintshe ngokuya nge-algorithm echazwe ngumsebenzisi. Isibonelo, ungashisa phansi emazingeni okushisa anikezwe ekuseni kuphela, kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-9, nakusihlwa, kusuka emahoreni ayi-18 kuye kwangama-23. Ukwanda isikhathi uhlelo luzoba sesimweni esinqunyiwe. Ama-thermostat ahlelekile avame ukuhlotshaniswa nemibukiso yedijithali ukusetha okushisa okudingayo. Iba nezinhlelo ezithile ezijwayelekile ezinezikhombi zokushisa ezahlukahlukene zosuku nobusuku, abasebenzi kanye nezimpelasonto. Ngasinye sezinhlelo zivame ukuguqulwa, zivumelane nezidingo zomsebenzisi. Izinsimbi zalolu hlobo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezindlini zezwe, kumaDachas nezinye izinto ngokuvakasha ngezikhathi ezithile. Iyakwazi ukufudumeza igumbi ukufika kwamabutho ngempelasonto, yehlise izinga lokushisa noma ukucisha ukufudumala ebusuku noma lapho kungekho mkhosi (umsebenzi wokulwa nama-antifraying). Ngaphezu kwalokho, yilawa ama-thermostats awenza ukuthi akhiphe inzuzo ephezulu kusuka ohlelweni lwezikhathi ezimbili ukukhokhwa kwenkokhelo kagesi, kufaka phakathi i-thermostat nokuqongelela isikhathi "esishibhile" sosuku. Ama-thermostat ahlelekile angena kalula ohlelweni lwasekhaya oluhle.
Ngokwendlela yokufakwa kwama-thermostats azo zombili lezi zinhlobo (ezifakwe ngaphakathi futhi ezihlelekile) zinezindlu zezindlu noma ezishukunyiswa ezindongeni, futhi zihloselwe ukufakwa ku-automation close (DIN-Rail), njll. Amadivaysi okulala ngaphezulu noma ukufakwa odongeni atholakala endaweni ekahle kakhulu ekhaya ukuze ungaphazamisi ukubekwa kwefenisha. Amathuluzi alawule ukufudumala kwamakamelo anomswakama ophezulu (amathoyilethi okugeza, amathoyilethi nabanye) futhi akunakuvikelwa okufanele kumswakama, kuyadingeka ukuba nalezi zakhiwo.
Amandla ashintshiwe ama-thermostats, njengomthetho, awedluli ama-3kw. Uma amandla aphelele afakwe ezingxenyeni zokufudumeza kukhulu, ukuxhumana kwawo kunethiwekhi yokuhlinzekwa kwenziwa ngokudluliswa kwamandla akhethekile (Starter kazibuthe) elawulwa yi-thermostat. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa amadivaysi amaningana, eyodwa yesigaba ngasinye.
Kwesinye isikhathi ngenxa yephutha lokufaka, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungene esikhundleni se-sed off feender sensor. Ukuletha uhlelo lokushisa kagesi esimweni sokusebenza, kufanele uvule phansi. Kepha awukwazi ukuguqukela ezenzweni ezibhubhisayo. Kwanele ukuxhuma ku-thermostat esikhundleni senzwa yokushisa yaphansi, inzwa yokushisa yomoya enamathiselwe odongeni endaweni ephakeme ayikho ngaphezu kwama-40cm endaweni lapho kungekho khona okusalungiswa. Amanye ama-thermostats ahlomele ngasikhathi sinye kanye ne-sensor yokushisa yaphansi kanye nenzwa yokushisa yomoya, ekhulisa ukuthembeka kwabo.
Thatha ukushisa!
Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, ukukhetha okulungile kokufakwa okushisayo kuholela emnothweni obonakalayo kagesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kohlelo lokushisa phansi phansi, kanye nezindleko zokuqala zohlelo zikhuphuka kancane. Ukufakwa kwe-thermal kunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa okungenamsebenzi ukuze kufudushwe ngokweqile kanye neminye imiklamo ebuyiselwe kuleso sakhiwo. Ungathenga ukufakwa kokushisa kobabili kubathengisi bekhebula lokufudumeza kanye nezitolo zokwakha ezikhethekile.Uma uhlelo lokushisa oluphansi luhlelwe njengelisemqoka, njengoba ukufakwa okushisayo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo eziqinile ze-polystyrene ngobukhulu obungu-50-100mm. Izinto ezibonakalayo zikhulu zikhetha lapho udinga ukufudumeza phansi phansi phansi phansi nasemhlabathini. Sivame ukusebenzisa izinto zokufakwa kwe-thermal nge-foil ungqimba kanye ne-polymer coating. Abakhi baqinisekisa ukuthi i-fooil ixhumana nokhonkolo ukhonkolo, ngenxa yokwenziwa kabusha, isabalalisa kabusha ukushisa ngentambo ngaphezulu komhlaba wonke, futhi futhi ikhombisa ingxenye yokushisa ibuyela egumbini. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha ukushisa zibanzi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo uStyrodur, oPhezulu, uHanalol, "Fomisol", "i-penofel", "folfol-f" nabanye. Intengo ejwayelekile ingu-1m2- kusuka ku- $ 2 kuya ku- $ 10.
Kumele ngithi umkhuba wale mpahla ephansi kwenza kube nzima ukucacisa izinhlinzeko ezithile zobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, ngokusho kochwepheshe abavela ku-Eltech Electronics LLC, ukusetshenziswa kokufakwa kwe-thermal emafulezweni ngenhla kwezakhiwo ezifudumele (zokuhlala) zinikeza amaminithi amaningi kunama-pluses. Ukulahleka kokushisa ngesisekelo akubalulekile, futhi isisu sokuqala kufanele senziwe kanzima ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla alo kanye nekhono eliphakeme lokuthwala phansi. Imiphumela yokwanda okungafanele kwezindleko zomsebenzi.
Ochwepheshe bezinkampani ezingadingekile babheka ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-foil ngaphansi kwe-screed, ngoba ngokushesha okungavikelekile (iminyaka emi-3-5) futhi kuchithwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwesenzo se-alkaline medium (ikakhulukazi emakamelweni anomswakama ophezulu). Imibono efanayo ibamba amakhosi omhlinzeki wokuqala ophansi kagesi eRussia - inkampani de-vi. Ngendlela, into yokugcina imayelana nokulungele ukukhulula iqoqo lezincomo ekufakweni kwezinhlelo zokufudumeza ngendlela entsha yezindlu enothayela olomile, owayeqale ukufakwa kwizinto ezisanda kwenziwa ezitolo.
Izintambo ezibizwa ngokuthi ngokuzilawula ziyasetshenziswa ekusebenzeni. Ayesabi ukugcwala ngokweqile kwasendaweni, zingabekwa ngqo ngaphansi kwe-parquet futhi zincane kakhulu. Ifenisha ngaphezulu kwazo ingabekwa, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthathwa komhlaba. Kuzobufakazi, lawa phansi phansi okufudumele kusivumela ukuthi sivuselele ingaphakathi kaningi, elihlaba umxhwele abanikazi abaningi. Kuliqiniso, kufanelekile imishini ebiza kakhulu (1pog.m- $ 5-10). Ungasenza ngisho nefilimu elincanyana lokushisa (phansi phansi) elilungele ukubekwa ngqo ngaphansi kwe-laitimos coatimos noma i-parquet.
Ukufakwa kwezingxenye zokushisa kanye nokuthululwa kwe-screed
- Ingxenye yezakhiwo imvamisa iqala ukusuka endaweni lapho i-wiring evela ku-thermostat izokwehla.
- Ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kwesinyathelo kusuka kokulinganiselwa ku-10mm. Kepha akufanele kwephule izincomo zomenzi zerediyo ephansi yokugoba ikhebula kanye nendlela ephansi yendlela yentambo yayo phakathi kwawo.
- Lapho ubeka ikhebula, kuyadingeka ukudlula ezindaweni lapho ifenisha, impahla yasendlini, imishini yokuhlanza izofakwa.
- Inzwa yokushisa "I-Steam" ibekwa epulasitiki ehlanganisiwe noma yethusi phakathi kwezintambo eziseduze. Elinye isiphetho seshubhu elinokukhishwa kocingo oluxhumeka kulolu sensor kufanele liphele ebhokisini le-dispensary noma endaweni lapho inzwa ngokwayo itholakala khona, kufanele ivezwe nge-plug efakwe kahle. Lo mklamo uzosiza ukufaka esikhundleni kalula inzwa ngaphandle kokuvula phansi noma udonga. Ngokuvundlile, ibanga ukusuka odongeni kuze kube sekupheleni kweshubhu (indawo yokufaka sensor) kufanele kube ngu-50-60cm. I-thermostat ixhumeke ngokuqinile ngemiyalo enamathiselwe kuyo.
- Ngemuva kokufakwa, wonke umhlaba wephansi ukhukhulwe ngokucophelela, ucutshungulwa yi-vacuum cleaner kanye nomhlabathi.
- Ukucinga indawo yekhebula, ngokuzayo, kufanele udwebe isigaba sokubeka isigaba sengxenye yesigaba ngenkomba yamaphuzu wendawo ehlanganisa.
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Abahleli babonga i-CJSC "De v", "Arkads", LLC "SST", "Eltech electronic", "phansi efudumele" ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezibonakalayo.