Kuyini ukugcwaliswa "okulungile"? Ukukhiya amadivaysi, izibambo zomnyango, izihibe kanye nokufakwa ngaphakathi. Izindlela zokwenziwa, izinto zokwakha, izixazululo zomklami.
1 - I-HOOR HANG HANG-NOV
Izibalo zazi konke. Ulwazi lwayo kanye namandla okunyakaza kwabantu endaweni yokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, nsuku zonke umhlanganisi wethu unawe izikhathi ezi-5-6 zivakashela indlu yangasese, njengoba nje nedivayisi, okungenani izikhathi eziyi-10 kuzokweleta ekhishini. Izibalo, zisobala, zilinganiselwa, kepha kusobala ukuthi nsuku zonke sithola kabusha, sivale iminyango yangaphakathi yamafulethi ethu.
Akukho lutho olungakusho, ukufakwa komnyango "kufakwe ngokuqinile ku-canva yempilo yethu." Lapho zonke lezi zikhiye nezinduku zihlelekile, asibazi, kodwa kufanelekile ukuthi kunempilo ende ngokushesha ukusongelwa. Ama-loops avaliwe avaliwe, iminwe elimele neminyango evinjelwe ngokunganakwa yenzeka, maye, hhayi kumafilimu asabekayo kuphela.
Ukugwema ama-pall amakhulu avela emnyango "Trifles", lapho uthenga kubalulekile ukukhetha izesekeli "ezilungile". Kufanele kuthembeke, kube lula ukusebenza, isivakashi esihle kungenzeka singanaki i-chandelier ecebile noma iwindi elihle lokulala, kepha isibambo somnyango ngokuqinisekile sizowela emehlweni akhe. Ngakho-ke, izinkinga zokufakelwa zithathwa yizingqondo zonjiniyela, abakhiqizi abaziwayo nabaqambi abaholayo bomhlaba. Amadivaysi athuthukile (abizwa ngezesekeli kuze kube yi-Okthoba Revolution) ngeminyango yangaphakathi futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.
I-Sesame, Vula!
Kungani udinga zonke izinhlobo zezeluleko, izinqaba, amathathi? Impendulo isobala. Izitolo zakwaVasserine ezithengisa izithuthi zomnyango zivezwa ngesethi enhle yamadivayisi wokukhiya - kusuka kuma-casing ama-casing elula kuya kuma-casing we-casing elula kuya kuma-evtra-nama-okhiye abanezinhlangothi ze-Ultra ethembeke kakhulu kanye namandla aphezulu. I-ovariagents yezikhiye zeminyango yokungena ebitshelwe esihlokweni esithi "injabulo ethule ama-closet".Ngeminyango yangaphakathi yezakhiwo, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamadivayisi wokukhiya: ama-latches adlulayo, ama-latches ane-retainer (afakwe eminyango yezindlu zokugezela kanye nezindlu zangasese) kanye "nezindlu zangasese) ngokhiye. Kukhiywe - izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziyisisekelo zokukhiya indlela yokukhiya. Empeleni, abavali umnyango, kepha bagcinwe kuphela esimweni esivaliwe. Ama-Lockers athathwa, roller kanye kazibuthe.
U-Roller ubambe umnyango ngosizo lwe-roller ejikelezayo ngokukhululekile (i-roller) elungiswe yintwasahlobo. Bakhulisa isikhundla se-roller sitholakala kwi-Commander yomnyango. Ukuvula umnyango, kuyadingeka ukwenza umzamo othile wokucindezela i-roller emnyango we-groove. Ukukhishwa kwe-roller latch kulawulwa ngesikulufa esitholakala ngaphambili kokhiye. Iminyango ene-latch yalolu hlobo imvamisa ifakwe isibambo esimile.
Ama-Fale Latches asebenzisa ulimi olugoqayo, futhi nentwasahlobo ebekiwe. Umnyango uvuleka ngokucindezela noma ukuguqula isibambo. Inzuzo yamadivayisi anjalo phambi kwe-roller kanye ne-magnetic kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuvulwa komnyango ozenzakalelayo, ake sithi, ngaphansi kwethonya lokusalungiswa. Kodwa-ke, othile uzofuna lokhu, kunalokho, ububi. Ngempela, ungaba kanjani uma emndenini wakho kukhona ingane encane, engakafinyeleli isibambo somnyango? Ukufakelwa okungalungile kungaba ukucindezela okuqinile kuye. Uhlangothi oluqinile, ukuvumela kwesibambo kunzima, futhi ungafuni "ukushaya" iminyango futhi. Rarulula inkinga izosiza intambo, iqiniswe ekugcineni kwesibambo se-push lever. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi ngisho nezingane, zikwazi ukuhamba, ziyakwazi ukuvula nokuvala umnyango ngentambo enjalo.
Ukukhiya iminyango yangaphakathi ngaphakathi, esetshenziswa njengezikhiye ezijwayelekile ezinamacala (okuthinta amacala omklamo wokuqala we-latch. Amafomu nemiklamo yamuva kungaba yihluka. Ama-valve ahluka ngesimo sengxenye yenduku yokukhiya (ifulethi nomjikelezo), izinga lokuvuleka kwalo (ukuvuleleka "(kunama-spinels lapho induku lapho kubonakala khona i-podst, kumamodeli" kuphela ingxenye yayo ethuthukile). Ama-valves aphezulu afaka izindlebe zezikhiye zokulengisa (lezi zinhlaka zisetshenziswa emakamelweni okusetshenziswa). Kukhona amadivaysi ahlome ngaphandle komnyango onesibonakaliso ngokubhalwa okuhambayo: "Umatasa", "ngokukhululeka". Ama-valve afanayo ayedume kakhulu emafulethini aphakathi (ikakhulukazi ezakhamizi ezigcina isikhathi zaseSoviet Baltic States).
I-Fale Latches ene-retainer ivame kakhulu ezindlini zokugeza zanamuhla. Imvamisa bahlome ngesibambo se-push esihlangane kabili kanye nenkinobho ye-swivel. Lawa madivayisi ayatholakala njengabakhiqizi basekhaya nabangaphandle. Izindleko zama-Russian and Belarusian latches ezindlini zokugezela ngama- $ 1.5-10 (akhiqizwa emafektri efektri eKovrov, Brest, Mogilev, kanye naseSt Petersburg Association "Rigl"). Umkhiqizo ofanayo waseTurkey uzobiza u- $ 4-20 (Kale, Mazimu, Fiore). Ama-Spanish, ama-Finnish and Italian Fale Latches for Bathrooms Izindleko ezivela ku- $ 10 (AmaNtaliyane akhiqizwa ngu-M.B.C.
Izinhlobonhlobo zama-latchs ane-retainer ama-knobs-NOBBS anenkinobho yokukhiya eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukuntuleka kokuklama kungabizwa ngokuthi usayizi omncane wenkinobho- lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukukhohlisa isibambo. Akunasikhathi emakethe kunamadivayisi afanayo avela kuKale noTesa (Spain). Intengo - kusuka ku- $ 4 kuya ku- $ 10.
Ngokuqondene nama-Lockroom Locks nge-Key, kuhlelo lwayo lokuqamba awahluka kumadivayisi afanayo wokufaka. Umehluko usekuseni nje lwendlela yokukhiya, izinga lokusitheshwa kwalo. Ngokusho kwe-Gost 5089-97, iminyango yangaphakathi ivunyelwe ukusebenzisa izingidi zesigaba esiphansi kunazo zonke, isigaba sokuqala nge-minimalical ezokuphepha izakhiwo. Akumangazi: amasela nabaduni kufanele bamelane neminyango yokungena. Okokukhiya okungaphakathi, ukuthamba komsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Kulokhu, izingxenye zabo ezihambayo zivame ukwenziwa ngethusi kanye nezinsimbi ezifanayo ezikwazi ukuqinisekisa inkambo ethule ethule yendlela yokukhiya.
Ngokusho kwe-Gost 5089-97 ("Izinqaba kanye nama-Latches weminyango. Ukucaciswa"), ikilasi eliphansi kakhulu, ikilasi lokuqala lamandla kufanele libekezele, okungenani imijikelezo engu-200000 yokuvala. Futhi, izibambo kanye nama-latches kuyadingeka ukubekezelela umzuzu osontekile okungenani okungenani nge-15hm (leli nani lihambisana nomthwalo ku-1.5 kg asetshenziswa ku-lever ubude1m).
Hlwemada elenziwe ngesandla
Izibangeli zeminyango zihlukile komunye nomunye nokwakhiwa (izibambo ezimile, kubakaki kanye nokucindezela, ukusunduza izimbotshana zokugezela), izindlu zangasese), okokugcina amathoyilethi kanye, ekugcineni, kanye nokuzivikela okuhlobana. Imikhiqizo Yezinkampani UMandelli, Vallivalli, Colombo, M.V.S. Amelwe kabanzi emakethe yempahla yasendlini. (I-Italy), i-abloy (Finland), uJado, eco, Sching, Boda, Hoppe (Germany), ASSA, Mestre nabanye.
Izibambo ezimile azinazo izingxenye zeselula kanye nedizayini elula kakhulu. Izimbotshana ezibunjiwe ezibunjiwe zithandwa kakhulu. Imvamisa ubude babo busuka ku-1 kuya ku-170 mm, ukuphakama (okuhlobene nendiza emnyango) - kusuka ku-40 kuye ku-60mm. Ukulula kokwakheka kwe-bracket kukhawulela amathuba okusetshenziswa kwawo, kepha akufaki noma yikuphi ukuwohloka. Izibambo ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha zenziwa, zithandwa kakhulu yilona insimbi engenacala nge-Chrome Coating. Ukwakheka kwe-Bend of the Bracket kungaba okuhluke kakhulu, kusuka kunxande yendabuko kuma-curve ama-curve noma imigqa ephukile. Amakhaza e-ergonomics ombono wama-ergonomics kuma-pens-kubakaki anenzuzo okungenani ezimbili. Owokuqala ubakaki omise okwenziwe ngama-angles abushelelezi cishe akunakwenzeka ukunamathela ezingutsheni. Okwesibili, le mikhiqizo ihlanzeke kakhulu, ingagcinwa kalula ihlanzekile.
Kulula futhi ukuklama izibambo ezibunjiwe ze-G kanye nezinkinobho ze-Knobs, ezibizwa ngamanye amafindo. Okokugcina, kwenziwa ngensimbi engagqwali ngama-cornmarklacks, kuvame ukufakwa kusethi yamakhanda okukhiya iminyango yokungena emandleni andayo, ngoba awesabi noma yiziphi "izenzo zobudlova".
Kwelinye iluhlobo lwesakhiwo sezinhlobo zeminyango yangaphakathi (ukunxusa amandla nezidingo zokugenca aziphezulu), zawa amaphethini okucindezela kanye nezinkinobho ezijikelezayo. Amadivayisi wezinhlobo zombili zihola i-wave latch ye-Lock futhi zenze kwenzeke ukuvula noma ukuvala umnyango. Amamodeli afanayo nawaseSwivel asetshenziswa yindlela efanayo - eqinisweni ahlukile kuphela ekwakhiweni kwento esenza ngayo. Izibambo zengcindezi zengcindezi zixhumeke ngenduku edlula emnyango. Ukuphakama kwesibambo kungu-50-55mm. Ubude bendawo esebenzayo ye-lever enobumba m ngokuvamile yenziwa ngokuqhathaniswa nobubanzi besundu (100-120mm). Umnyango uvuleka lapho uchofoza ku-lever. Izinkinobho ze-Rotary Knobs-izinkinobho ngamakhanda amabili ayindilinga axhunywe emnyango ngenduku. Ukuphakama kwabo kungu-50-65mm, ububanzi benkinobho bungu-50-65mm.
Ukukhethwa kwalokhu noma lolo hlobo lwezibambo ze-fale ukunambitheka. Kufanele kukhunjulwe kuphela ukuthi izibambo zengcindezi ziyakwazi ukubopha futhi zilimaze izingubo, kepha zilula ukusebenza, ungavula umnyango ngaphandle kosizo. Amamodeli aguqukayo "anjalo" awavunyelwe ngawo, ngakho-ke emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, iminyango ezindaweni zomphakathi anqunywa ukunikeza kuphela izibambo zengcindezi ukwenza isiphetho sezivakashi ezikhubazekile.
Izindlela nama-levers wethonya
Izibambo zomnyango zinamathiselwe endaweni ephakeme ngo-800-1200mm kusuka phansi. I-Gost ye-Gost 14624-84 idinga ukufakwa kweminyango yezibangelwa ezakhiweni zomphakathi nezimboni nge-1000mm kusuka phansi. Azikho izincomo ezenzuzo yezeminyango "yangasese", ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqhubeka nemithetho yama-ergonomics, okuthi: ukhululekile ngokwengeziwe lapho isibambo somnyango sitholakala eBelt Level nalapho umnyango uvuliwe, isandla ugobekile e-elbow ehlanganiswe ngakwesokunene. Ekugcineni ekugcineni ukuphakama kokufakwa kwezibandela kuncike ekukhuleni kwamabutho wendlu.Ibanga kusuka emaphethelweni omnyango osuselwa ku-axis bandla linqunywa ukuklanywa kwedivayisi esemqoka futhi kuyisilinganiso esingu-50-80 mm. Izinduku ezingenamikhawulo ezingaxhunyiwe ngokhiye zinconyelwe ukuvikeleka ebangeni le-80-120mm kusuka emaphethelweni we-canvas (ibanga elingaphezulu ukusuka emaphethelweni, kuzodingeka ukuvala umnyango ). Izinjongo zenhloso kanye nama-Swivel Knobs ezinhlango zenhlama zinamathiselwe kwi-PIN yephrofayili (isiqu sesikwele) ngokupenda izikulufa. Amasokethi ase-Asami kwelinye icala acindezelwa eminyango eqiniswe kuphela kwi-PIN yephrofayili enezibambo, komunye nomunye, ngaphezu kwezindlu zokukhiya ngezikulufo (inketho yokugcina, eyethembekile kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "isiJalimane", ngoba kunjalo Kukhethwe yisisekelo sothando samaJalimane). Ngeminyango yenkosi, izibambo ezimisiwe ziboshwe ngezikulufo eziqinisa, futhi ngenxa yezibambo ze-fale, ukuxhumana okunzima kusetshenziswa ngemikhono ehlanganisiwe. Kwenza kube nzima ukufinyelela isibambo nokudiliza "kwangaphandle", kodwa, kunjalo, akunakubhekwa njengesithiyo esibi ku-hacker. Ngakho-ke, lapho kungakahleleki komnyango kubalulekile, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa amamodeli ahleliwe ezikulumweni ezivinjelwe ezivikelwe yi-lining ehlosiwe.
Into esemqoka ukuba muhle
Uma ucabanga esitolo esisodwa noma esinye ikhanda lezinhlaka zezinkundla noma izicabha zokungena, udinga ukukhumbula amaphuzu alandelayo:
Ngokuya ngokufakwa komnyango, izibambo zomnyango nge-Right noma kwesobunxele kungadingeka (lokhu kusebenza kumadivayisi we-fale). Khetha isibambo ngokuya ngomnyango wemnyango.
Amanye amahedisethi e-BILATARAL aklanyelwe ukukhwela eminyango yobukhulu obuhlukile (kusukela ku-135 kuya ku-80mm). Qiniseka ukuthi ucacisa ukuthi izesekeli ezikhethiwe zilungele umnyango wakho.
Umshini wokukhiya okhiqizwa ngokufanelekile (i-Interroom Latch) ugijimisa kahle, buthule futhi ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Intwasahlobo yokuvalwa ngokuzimela ibuyisela isibambo esimweni sayo sokuqala. Umzuzu isibambo akufanele weqe 3mm.
Ulimi lokukhiya kufanele lususwe ngokuphelele ku-groove lapho ujika isibambo ku-angle, hhayi ngaphezulu 45. Uma lincane le angle, ukusebenza okuthe xaxa kwesibambo somnyango. Awedluli ngosayizi we-20-30 ngamamodeli ahlonishwayo.
Ihedsethi yomnyango wokungena kufanele ihlanganiswe nengxenye eyimfihlo ye-Cylinder. I-larva yesikhiya se-cylinder ngasikhathi sinye esifanelekile ngaphansi kokuvulwa kokufakwayo. Iningi labakhiqizi bezibungu-amasilinda bavame ukuhlanganisa imikhiqizo yabo, kepha isheke elingadingekile alivimbi. Ngakho-ke, uma usuthole isibungu se-cylinder castle, ngiyibambe "ekufakweni okuthembisayo".
I-Hardware yanamuhla yenziwa kusetshenziswa amandla aphezulu kanye nokungamelana ne-coating coation. Abanye babo, noma kunjalo, bangabhujiswa ngaphansi kwethonya lemikhiqizo yokuhlanza yokuhlanza (lokhu, ikakhulukazi, okubhekiselwa kuma-varnish akhethekile, ambozwe yimikhiqizo yethusi). Cacisa uma uthenga ihedsethi, okusho ukuthi kungcono ukuyihlanza.
Yebo, kunjalo, amakhanda omnyango kufanele angene emcabangweni omuhle kakhulu wekamelo.
Isikhathi esinconyiwe sithandwa kakhulu ngezibambo ezenziwe ngesitayela se-High Tech (Model Virginia kusuka kuJado, i-boda izibangela, umugqa we-fusital kusuka Valivalli). Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo yamafomu "ama-classic" avela ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo "zakudala" emakethe yasekhaya abuye ethulwe cishe kuwo wonke amafemu ase-Italy, i-ASSA, abloy nabanye abaningi. Ngezikhathi ezithile zithola abamele izitayela ezingaphandle ngokwengeziwe, njengekhanda lomnyango we-bauhaus (Jade), igama lakhe liyazikhulumela.
Ngokuqondene nezinto zokwakha nokubukeka kwamamodeli we-faleva, izibambo - abomdabu kanye nama-linings angezangezo, khona-ke kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu. Kuleso sikhathi, insimbi ye-chromed ne-nickel-plated, ithusi, ama-aluminium alloys asetshenziswa kakhulu. AmaJalimane akhetha imikhiqizo ephansi enezindleko eziphansi kumapulasitiki, ama-aluminium alloys noma insimbi engenacala. Ipulasitiki, iyaqondakala, eshibhile futhi i-nzimaieic, kepha impilo yayo insiza incane. Intengo yesibambo esinjalo ingahle ibe ephansi kakhulu, cishe ngama- $ 0.5-1. I-Aluminium nensimbi kubiza kakhulu, kepha i-aluminium ilungile ngoba imihuzuko ibonakala kahle ebusweni bayo, insimbi ihlala isikhathi eside futhi igqoke okuncane. Ama-Spanish ne-Italian Masters of Door Fitlings enza izibambo ezibiza kakhulu ngenhlamvu nenhlanganisela yesikhumba yangempela (Fedora, uchungechunge lwe-Vallivalli), izinkuni, ingilazi, izinsimbi eziyigugu. Ngakho-ke, i-Spanish Company Messre isebenzisa ukuhlobisa imikhiqizo yayo i-Crystal, izinhlobo ezibizayo zokhuni, ingilazi ye-moar, nabakhiqizi base-Italiyane wase-mandelli noColomio Galvanic coating of nickel, chromium kanye negolide.
Kepha ama-headsets eminyango elite awagcini nje ngokunqoba kwezinto ezibizayo, okokuqala, izithelo zomsebenzi wabaqambi abadumile. Isibonelo, amakhosi anjalo anjengoMatteo Thun, u-Antonio Gitterio, uGustav Peichl wasebenza ngokubukeka kwezibandela zenkampani yase-Italy Valivalli. Akumangazi ukuthi imikhiqizo enjalo ihlukaniswa ubuhle obuyinkimbinkimbi, ama-ergonomics kanye nokusebenza kalula. UMedia wawungomunye wochungechunge othandwa kakhulu lwamaPens Vallivalli avele emuva ebangeni ngo-1934, kodwa uyaqhubeka nokufunwa nanamuhla. Impilo yenkonzo ye-SOOLD MOOR PANLES yibuye i-abloy eqinile eqinile iqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenazinkinga zemodeli yayo okungenani iminyaka engama-20, iValivalli- kufika eminyakeni engama-30. Vele, lokhu kungenzeka kungathinti intengo. Imodeli ye-Presto (abloy) ibiza cishe ama- $ 100, izibambo ezibiza kakhulu zeColombo- cishe ama- $ 150, izindleko zamapeni avela kulayini we-fusital (Vallivalli) eza ku- $ 800.
Uma uthola ukuhlekisa ukuhlela indlu yakho ngesitayela se-archaic, ngoba lokhu kufanelekile imikhiqizo eminyango efanelekile, okwenziwe noma ngesandla, noma ngomshini wenkampani yase-Italian Ind.i.A). Umbhali onjalo usebenza anikeza indawo yokuhlala eyingqayizivele. Izindleko zomkhiqizo owodwa, ngokuya ngobulukhuni, zingama- $ 30-70.
Phakathi kwamamodeli okwenziwe ngesitayela se-archaic, kuyadingeka ukumaka izibambo - isiphukuphuku, esifakwe eminyango yokungena bese sisebenza ngasikhathi sinye ngesibambo, nesando somnyango. Lezi izinhlaka ezinkulu kakhulu ezikhiqizwe kusuka ku-cast iron noma yethusi, ingaphezulu lazo livame ukuhanjiswa nokuguga kokufakelwa.
Amanye amamodeli ezibangeli adume hhayi kuphela ngokwakhiwa kwawo, kodwa futhi nangezakhiwo abazihlobisayo. Isibonelo, imodeli H5007 Series Fusital (Vallivalli) ifakwe eminyango yangaphakathi yeBerlin Reichstag. Ukwahlulela ngezindleko zawo (cishe ama- $ 300) kanye nenombolo esunguliwe, abasePhalamende baseJalimane nabo bayathanda ukuphila kabanzi futhi ngokunethezeka ...
Bika nge-loop ephaketheni
Iminyango yangaphakathi ihlinzekwa ngama-hinges ezinhlobo ezimbili: Vimbela kanye nendabuko enamathiselwe. Owokuqala aqukethe ama-cylinders afakwe eqeleni lomnyango nebhokisi. Kwesesibili, isiqephu esinamathiselwe "amakhadi" noma "amaphiko" - amapuleti anezimbobo zesikulufa. Ama-hinges anjalo aqukethe amakhadi amabili anezikulufo zezikulufo. Amamephu axhumeke ngenduku eyindilinga (batom). Uma benziwa ngeshidi, bagoqwa kabili kanye nemvilophu yenduku, loop ubizwa ngokuthi yi-rim. I-LEOPS yeqabunga elibanzi lapho kuphela i-baaut embozwayo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-bent. Zonke ezinye izinto zilingana, ama-flex hinges kulula ekwenziweni, ukukhiqizwa kwawo kushibhile, ngakho-ke baye basatshalaliswa kakhulu. Induku ihlelwe engxenyeni engezansi yelinye lamakhadi.Ama-loops abekiwe, ahlukaniswe yaba yindawo yonke (efihliwe), kwesokudla nakwesobunxele (Half-s). Kukhona futhi ama-loops angamelana nawo angamelana neminyango yokungena, efakwe amadivayisi avimba ukususwa komnyango (ukucebwa okujwayelekile okujwayelekile). Bheka lezi ziloops ngezinzuzo zazo nokubi futhi, indawo yazo yokusebenzisa.
Ama-loops afihliwe asetshenziswa kaningi kunabanye. Isizathu salokhu kulula ukwakhiwa kwabo, okucabanga ngezindleko. Iqoqo lama-onilateral hinges okukhiqizwa kweRussia ngomnyango owodwa azobiza umthengi ku- $ 1-5. I-Universal Loops ibiza kakhulu ibiza kakhulu ($ 1.5-7), kepha ngasikhathi sinye isebenzisa ukuthandwa okungaguquki phakathi kwabantu, ibathole, uzisindisa ngesidingo sokuphula ikhanda lakho, noma ngabe ama-hinges alungele umnyango (bona zingezomiswa kokumiswa kwesokunxele nakwesobunxele). Ama-alas, amamodeli we-Universal, ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwawo, umnyango ohlomele kuwo angasuswa, izikulufu ezingezinhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingelo zinezindawo ezimbalwa ezingqubuzanayo no-ukhilimu ongaphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nama-loops ajwayelekile angakhula, uma abekwa ukuhlanekezela, ngenxa yokuthi imithwalo eyengeziwe eyenzeka ngayo emshinini. Ukunciphisa amandla okuphambana ama-hinge, kunconyelwa ukugcoba izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka. Kusenamamodeli afakiwe lapho oxhumana nabo abadlulisela khona i-axis akwindla ngebhola elijikelezayo ngokukhululeka noma ukuthwala. Izihibe ezinjalo ziyehluka ngokungenakuqhathaniswa okungenakuqhathaniswa futhi cishe azikhohlisi.
Amamodeli we-Screw asetshenziselwa iminyango yangaphakathi yokukhiqiza okungeniswayo - isiNtaliyane, iSpanishi, isiFinnish (iningi futhi liyakhiwa emazweni afanayo). Ama-halves ama-hinges awahlome ngekhadi le-placard, kepha imicu eyodwa noma emibili ngentambo. Ungashadile lezi zinhlansi ingxenye eyodwa kulethwa emnyango, kanti enye, orcord. Inzuzo yamamodeli anjalo ukuheha ukuhlobisa. Ngokuqondene namandla okufaka weminyango, khona-ke kuleli ngxenye ama-loops aphezulu athembeke ngokwengeziwe. I-Screw Loops imvamisa ifakwe kuphela eminyango emincane enesisindo esingu-20-50kg. Ngokuphambene nalokho, iminyango esindayo (enesisindo esingaphezu kuka-60kg) kufakwe izingodo ezikhuphukile ngokuphakama kwamakhadi we-125-150mm nobubanzi, ngokulandelana, ngo-40-45mm. Kungenzeka ukufaka umnyango abe yi-3 nezicucu ezi-4. I-Gost14624 incoma ezimweni ezinjalo ibabeka kude ne-250mm ukusuka phezulu nangaphansi kwewebhu, i-loop yesithathu inamathiselwe ebangeni le-250mm ukusuka phezulu. Onke ama-loops kumele abe ngaphandle kwemigoqo evundlile yokuhlamba (okukhulunywa ngeminyango yokhuni). Abakhiqizi bakwamanye amazwe banikela ngezincomo zabo ekukhetheni nasekufakweni kwama-loops. OKUFANELEKILE, izincomo ezinjalo zithuthukiswa yi-ASSA (Sweden), i-Fiskars (Finland), iHoppe (Germany). Izincomo ze-OZN zidala amashadi okuthi, azi ubukhulu beqabunga lomnyango kanye nesisindo salo, kulula ukubala inani elidingekayo le-loops.
I-ASASA inikeza izincomo ezithuthukile lapho isisindo "esincishisiwe" somnyango siyisamba samanani ezinombolo zesisindo se-mass kanye nokulungiswa kwama-coefficients.
Inani elikhulu lama-loops alifaki nesandla kumsebenzi wekhwalithi womnyango womnyango. Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi ngisho nezilonge ezintathu kwinduku eyodwa eqondile zitholakala ngokunembile kwinduku eyodwa eqondile (izinga lokushisa lesikhathi sonyaka, izinga lokushisa kanye nokukhubazeka kwebhokisi kanye ne-canvas) cishe akunakwenzeka. Imiphumela engenabungozi kakhulu yale minyango evuthayo. Ngokuyinhloko, ukuguquguquka okuvumayo kungaholela ekubhujisweni kwe-loop noma izintambo ze-canvas. Lapho ufaka emnyango owodwa wama-hinges amathathu noma amane, kungcono ukusebenzisa amamodeli ngamathuba okulungiswa kwendawo yemephu (ngokwesibonelo, i-NTR110C30ts kusuka ku-Fiskars). Izici zokufakwa kwezicabha zokungena kanye nama-loops kubo atshelwa ku-Chaile 10 komagazini wethu ka-2002.
Okweminyango ngomkhosi (abizwa nangokuthi adalulwe), adinga izilonda ezikhethekile ezingamaphiko angena ngaphansi komphetho webhokisi lomnyango. Iminyango ngomkhosi ingahlonyiswa ngezinsimbi zombili.
Iminyango okufanele itholakale kuzo zombili izinkomba (Swinging) ilengiswe izihibe zentwasahlobo ezinamakhadi amathathu kanye nokuxhumeka okubili okulayishwa kwentwasahlobo. Lapho uvula endaweni eyodwa umnyango ujikela uHinge, lapho uvula ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezungeze i-hinge. Iziphethu ziyadingeka ukubuyisa iwebhu esimweni esivaliwe.
Ungahlukanisa kanjani ama-hinges aseceleni anenhlanganisela? Nqamula amacebiso bese ubheka ikhadi elingezansi lapho induku ihlala khona. Kuyadingeka ukubuka kusuka ezimbozweni ezihlukaniswe ngaphansi kwamakhanda ezinhlaka. Uma induku isekupheleni kohlangothi lwesokudla, khona-ke i-loop kwesokudla, nge-lava-kwesokunxele.
Nezinye izinto ezincane ezimnandi
Indawo yokufakwa kwendlela yokukhiya emnyango ivaliwe ngensimbi ye-plaque-inlaylay. I-pad ingaqina, okungukuthi, okujwayelekile kwesibambo kanye nendlela yokukhiya (kubizwa nangokuthi i-palet) futhi ihlukaniswe ngakunye kwalawa madivayisi (isokhethi). Isokisi le-keyhole eline-slot lokhiye libizwa nangokuthi ukhiye, kanye nekhithi yohlobo olulodwa lwazo zonke izingxenye (i-latch, isibambo, i-lining yomnyango) yisihloko somnyango.
Izilonda eziqinile zibonakala ngokuqina futhi zinikeze ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kwehedsethi. Bavame ukuqeda iminyango yokungena. Ukungathandeki kwe-Design kuyinto yokuqhathanisa enembile kakhulu yosayizi wazo zonke izingxenye zekhanda komunye nomunye. Ngemuva kwakho konke, umenzi ngamunye ukhetha ukukhiqiza izibandela ngokuzibopha ngezindinganiso zawo. Kwenziwa ukungithengisela hhayi kuphela inqaba, kepha iqoqo lonke eliphelele. I-VeverePop ikhona, noma kunjalo, izindinganiso zosayizi womgodi ngaphansi kwe-larch: ukuphakama kungu-35mm, ububanzi bengxenye engezansi bungu-11 mm, ububanzi bengxenye engenhla bungu-18 mm. Enye imicibisholo ebalulekile phakathi kwe-axis yesibambo kanye ne-axis ye-Lock kahle isethwe ngabakhiqizi ngokunqumela. Imvamisa kukhona ukufakwa ngaphakathi, okuyi-70-80mm, kepha lokhu akuyona umthetho ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukungahambisani nokukhiya okuvaliwe, lapho uthenga i-lining Qiniseka ukuthi kuza ekhikweni ekhona. Ukuphikelela ubunzima obukhona ngokuvamile akwenzeki, bakhethe kalula. Ngakho-ke, eYurophu, iningi leminyango engaphakathi lihlome ngokumbona okunjalo.
Kwiminyango eyodwa nengxenye ye-tyrit, udinga amadivaysi amaningi ukuze ulungise enye ye-sash (evame ukungavikeleli) endaweni ehleliwe. Amadivayisi anjalo abizwa ngokuthi ama-stres ama-stres noma izikhala. Kusetshenziswa i-lever esetshenziswayo, ecindezela induku elungisa umnyango. Ngenxa yalokho, induku iqhubekela ezibukweni ezifakwe ebhokisini. Kunezitha eziphansi ezinobude obuncane (imvamisa ezingama-225mm), kanti phezulu, ubude bawo (imvamisa ezingama-370 mm) inquma i-remover ye-spivelet kusuka ngaphezulu kwe-1800-1900mm. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kube lula ukuvula umnyango. Kusetshenziswa izikolo ezingenhla kungamelela ukuphazamiseka okuthile kwabantu abanomoya ophansi. Kepha kepha ama-grooves okufaka engxenyeni ehlukile ayaqinisekiswa ukuthi angakwazi ukuthola amaphuzu, njengoba kwenzeka kwesinye isikhathi ngama-punnages angezansi. Izindleko ze-studige zokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya zivela ku- $ 0,5 kuye ku- $ 1.5.
Muva nje, ngaphezu kwehardware yendabuko, ukungena kanye neminyango yangaphakathi, wonke amanzi aphenduka imishini yokulawula yokufinyelela ngogesi ehlukahlukene, eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezakhamizi zendlu. Le ngxenye yemakethe ikhula ikakhulukazi ngokushesha, futhi intuthuko ephezulu yezobuchwepheshe esisanda kusetshenziswa embonini, kancane kancane ingena empilweni yansuku zonke. I-Onovinku kule "ndawo yeTechnologies High" sizotshela kwesinye sezinombolo ezilandelayo ze-log.
Ukubalwa kwesisindo somnyango, kucatshangelwa izichibiyelo (ngokusho kwe-ASSA)
| Into eqinile | Ukuchibiyela,% |
|---|---|
| Iminyango ifakwe eduze | +10 |
| Iminyango ifakwe eduze, enikeza ithuba lokulungisa indwangu endaweni evulekile | +1 |
| Iminyango itholakala emthanjeni onamandla womoya | +10 |
| Iminyango ingaba ngaphansi kokuzivocavoca okwengeziwe ngokomzimba. | +10 |
| Imvamisa yokusebenza okulinganiselwe (iminyango ezakhiweni zokuhlala) | -10 |
Abahleli babonga inkampani ethi "Sesamu", umnyango, iVallivalli, "ukucebisisa" i-Lokmaster "kosizo kokulungiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
