Yiziphi izinhlelo zamanje zokukhanyisa, ezizokwenzeka, ukuthi zingazibala kanjani nokuthi zihlomisa kanjani uhlelo. Ezinye izimfihlo zokwakheka okukhanyayo.
Ukuvuselelwa okuguquguqukayo kukuvumela ukuthi uguqule ukuphakama kwesibani bese kukhanyiselwa ukukhanya kwe-bar rack
Ukuze ugweme ukugcwala, ikhebula lentambo liyangezwani nomzamo omkhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, lezo zinhlelo azikwazi ukufakwa phakathi kwezindonga ezimbili zepulangwe. Phuma kulesi sikhundla kusiza ukubopha ophahleni ngokuluma okunzima
Ukumiswa kohlelo lwebhasi kwenza ngasikhathi sinye umsebenzi wokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kusuka ku-Dowcast Transformer
Schmitz Leuchten High-Voltage System Busbars kusuka kuSchmitz Leuchten angawela ezindizeni ezihlukile
Ukumiswa okuguqukayo kuhlanganiswe nesixhumi (okubhaliwe kokujikeleza kwezingxenye kusuka ku-90 kuya ku-270)
Hlukanisa amathayi akhona wamanje ungahlanganiswa ube yiketanga elijwayelekile elisebenzisa izixhumi eziguqukayo.
Iziza zezintambo zamanje zingakhonjiswa kusetshenziswa izixhumi zezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhuma. Bobabili bahlukaniswe futhi benziwe
Uhlelo lwetheyiphu eluhlaza luqukethe amashubhu wensimbi amancane anobubanzi obungu-4-10 mm, atholakala kude ne-3 kuye ku-20 cm.
Enye yezinhlobo zamathrekhi asebenza ngebhasi. Inzuzo yabo isobala: amathrekhi agobeke kalula izandla zawo kunoma iyiphi imisebe
Ama-luminaires anamathele kumqhubi nosizo lwe-adaptha ehlukile yohlelo ngalunye
Kuzinhlelo ze-modular, izibani zokukhanyisa okujwayelekile nangokukhazimula, womabili amandla aphezulu kanye namandla kagesi aphansi, angasetshenziswa. Ama-Luminaires akhethiwe asuselwa ekujuleni nasekujuleni kwephrofayili yemodyuli
Vele, umnikelo oyinhloko ohlelweni uzoletha izibani ngokwazo ezingenziwa ngabaklami abadumile
Iqoqo lezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezethulwe emakethe alivumeli umthengi ukuba akhethe kalula. Ukungabikho kwegama elilodwa kuyinkimbinkimbi enkulu, futhi kubonakala sengathi abathengisi bemishini yokukhanyisa bakhuluma izilimi ezihlukile. Ukusiza abafundi bethu ukuba bakwazi ukuhamba olwandle lweziphakamiso zemakethe, sanquma ukwethula umqondo wezinhlelo zamanje, ngokususelwa ekuqondeni ukwakheka kwezinhlelo zokukhanyisa.
Uhlelo lwamanje lokukhanyisa luyiqoqo eli-oda lezakhi ezihlukile ezenzeka kulo kuphela (umqhubi, amadivayisi wokumiswa komqhubi kanye nezinto zokugcina, lapho umqhubi we-turen kanye ne-turnelinal), lapho kungafakwa khona into ethwala izibani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Imisinga inomklamo ohlukile kanye nezinga lobuqili, avulekile noma ahlukaniswe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlelo zokuqhuma zezangaphakathi zokuhlala: intambo (ikhebula) ne-busbar.
Izinhlelo zamanje zifakazela ngokuphelele ukuthi ithuluzi lomhlobisi lokukhanyisa, kanye nezinto zokwakha, futhi ukuthandwa kwalezi zinhlelo kukhula ngokuqinile. Uma eminyakeni eminingana eyedlule, babonakale kuphela emahholo okukhombisa, amahhovisi anamuhla namahholo okuthenga, namuhla le nguqulo yokukhanyisa yajwayela ngokuphelele endaweni yangaphakathi yangasese. Ukuhlaziywa okubonakalayo kwamaphrojekthi wokuklama okushicilelwe emakhasini amaphephabhuku ethu kukhombisa ukuthi izinhlelo zamanje zivame ukusetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye ngesibani esiphakathi nendawo njengokukhanya okwengeziwe noma kwendawo. Kepha eqinisweni, amasistimu akhona emhlabeni jikelele - alungele ukudla okuvamile, kanye nokukhanyisa isikhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithombo emiswe ku-conductor ingahlelwa kabusha kalula ngokushintsha ama-accents. Esizeni samalambu anesithukuthezi, uma ufisa, abanye ochungechungeni olufanayo bazovela. Kuyinto elula ukuthi imisinga ingafakwa kunoma yiliphi igumbi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kungukuphakama kophahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayakwazi ukuhlangana kunoma yiziphi izinkomba futhi bashintshe ukuqondisa kanye ne-radius (yokuletha) noma ngaphansi kwe-angle ebukhali (yeziqubu).
Kusuka ngo-12 kuye ku-220 v
Zonke izinhlelo zamanje zihlukaniswe ngamandla aphansi kanye namandla aphezulu. Okwesilo sokuqala, okuguquguquka kwamanje nge-transformer-voltage engu-12 futhi akuvamile ukuthi i-24b (ukuhlukahluka kokugcina kokusatshalaliswa akutholanga ngenxa yokushoda kwemithombo ekhanyayo). Imithombo yokukhanya ezinhlelweni eziphansi zamandla aphansi ayishibhile ($ 1.7-5) kanye namalambu ayi-12-volt halogen asakazeke athengiswa. Kodwa-ke, zizwela ama-voltage Drops anganciphisa kakhulu impilo yakhe yenkonzo. Izinhlelo zamandla aphansi ziphephile kubantu, ngakho-ke zisetshenziswa njengasemakamelweni "abantu abantu abadala (ekhishini, emakamelweni okuhlala, amahholo, njll.) Nasezinganeni. Amalambu amakamelo ezingane anikezwa izibuko ezinhle kakhulu ezinemibala eminingi. Futhi, amasistimu aphansi asetshenziswa ukukhanyisa izibuko, isheli lezincwadi, imidwebo nezithombe. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zenziwa inqwaba yezinkampani eziningi zakwamanye amazwe. Imikhiqizo edume kakhulu yamafemu evela eJalimane yaziwa kakhulu (Paulmann, Schmitz Leuchten, Oligo, Ingo Mauler, e-Barchti, i-Nuova), i-Artemide, i-PlalLLicht) kanye ne-ARTIA (PlalLicht).Kumamodeli aphezulu we-voltage, i-transformer ephansi ayidingeki kumqhubi wesifundo, i-voltage yenethiwekhi ingu-220V. Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zemithombo yokukhanya kwalezo zinhlelo kubanzi kakhulu. Lapha sebenzisa izibani nge-halogen (220V), izibani ze-fluorescent namalambu we-incandescent. Uma ufisa noma udinga, ungasebenzisa izibani ezinamandla zensimbi zensimbi, okwathi eminyakeni embalwa edlule wenze inguquko yangempela ekuqokomise ama-Interiors ezitolo. Abahlinzeki abaholayo bezinhlelo eziphakeme ze-voltage ezokuqhuma emakethe yaseRussia yi-Schmitz Leuchten, Bruck, Bankemp, Metalspot, Planlicht.
Izinhlelo eziphakeme zokukhanyisa amavoli zinconyelwe ukusetshenziselwa amakamelo ngophahla oluphezulu (2.7 m) ukuze kungathinti izintambo ngezandla. Kodwa-ke, imisinga nazo zonke izinto zokuhlanza zinikezwa ngokufakwa kanye nogesi kakhulu.
Izinhlelo zamanje zinokulinganiselwa kwamandla kwamanje. Izinhlelo ze-Downtooth Inani eliphakeme elivumelekile lamandla akhona livame ukulingana no-25A (ngokulandelana, amandla ka-300w), ku-High-Voltage-15a (icala likagesi likhulu, cishe ama-3.5 kw). Uma kudingekile ukufaka amaLambu, amandla aphelele aphezulu aphezulu kunalena ephezulu (ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo oluphansi lwe-voltage lwanele ngokudla kuphela izibani eziyisishiyagalombili ezingama-35-watt halogen), khona-ke uhlelo luhlukaniswe ngochungechunge lwezigaba kusuka komunye nomunye (ongqongqoshe), bahlanjululwe besebenzisa izixhumi ezibandakanya, bese bexhuma uzungu ngalinye ku-transformer ehlukile. Uma inkinga ephambene ye-transformer isethelwe amandla ama-luminaires atholakala ezingxenyeni eziningana zomqhubi wesifundo, izixhumi ezisebenzayo ziyasebenza. Izixhumi ziqondwa yizinto ezithile ezixhunyiwe zomqhubi womqhubi wesifundo, okuvumela ukuthola uhlelo olulodwa ekwakhiweni. Bangathwala umthwalo wemishini futhi bahlukanise amaketanga kagesi, noma ukuhlanganisa, ukubekisa noma kuxhunyiwe.
Iseluleko esisebenzayo
Izidingo eziphambili zokufakwa kohlelo lokukhanyisa, kanye nokufakwa kwayo yonke imikhiqizo kagesi, yizidingo zikagesi zokuphepha. Ukunganaki kwawo kungahlanganisa imiphumela emibi kakhulu. I-non-profesionalism iyingozi ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza ngohlelo lokukhanyisa lwamandla aphezulu. Qiniseka ukumema izifakelo kubo ngokwabo. Izinhlelo eziphansi zamandla aphansi zidinga ukusakazwa ngokucophelela.
Ngaphambi kokuxhuma i-transformer, kufanele unikeze amandla inethiwekhi yokufaka, nangemva kokuxhumeka, hlola i-voltage voltage kumqhubi wesifundo. Isizwe samandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu akufanele kube, okungukuthi, i-voltmeter kufanele ikhombise ama-voltage hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-12V. Amandla kagesi ayi-12v ngokuphepha, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukulungisa indawo yamalambu, ungashintsha ama-bulbs ngaphandle kokuvala uhlelo kusuka kunethiwekhi.
Izidingo zama-aesthetics, vele, azinaso ngokuphelele njengezidingo zokuphepha, kepha amaphupho nokungalungile ngeke akunikeze ngokulandelayo ukuze ujabulele ngokugcwele ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokukhanyisa olutholwe.
Lezo zikhathi sezidlulise isikhathi eside lapho umthengi "ejaha" ngemuva kwamalambu amahle, empeleni akacabangi ngokwanela kokuvalwa kwezibani. Uma kusezinhlelo eziphakeme, ukulungiswa komthombo wokukhanya kwenziwa kalula (kwanele ukuklwebhula isibani esikhanyayo samandla amakhulu), bese kuthi amasistimu aphansi anamandla okusebenza, ukubalwa okuningiliziwe kudingekile ngokuphelele. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe kahle amandla we-transformer, uhlobo lwe-dimmer, inombolo nendawo yamalambu, amandla abo. Ukubalwa okulungile kohlelo kuzokhiqiza umphakeli wenkampani yezobunjiniyela elikhanyayo. Lokhu akuwona umsebenzi omncane, ngoba isibani ngasinye sine-curve yaso elula (ukusatshalaliswa kwe-flux ekhanyayo) bese kudala ukukhanyisela ibanga elithile. Kukalwa kuma-suites futhi yipharamitha yokufaka esemqoka lapho kubalwa (AVSE akuwona amandla wemithombo ekhanyayo, evezwe kuma-watts ajwayelekile ngathi).
Empeleni, kusenokwenzeka ukwenza ukubalwa okukhombisa ngokuzimela. Isibonelo, ophahleni oluphansi (2,5-2.7 m) ngokukhanyisa okujwayelekile, kunamalambu anele anomthamo ophelele we-10 kuye ku-15W kuya ku-1m2. Uma uphahla luphezulu noma lukhulisa amandla aphelele amalambu, noma uhlelo lokukhanyisa lufakiwe endaweni ephakeme.
Fanisa nge design. Isibonelo, ochwepheshe abaluleki ukufaka uhlelo lokukhanyisa eceleni komugqa ophakathi kwekamelo elincane, igumbi libonakala likhona. Khombisa uhlelo kwelinye lamaqembu. Kunamasu ambalwa esizowatshela ngezansi.
Ekugcineni, udinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela izindawo zokwenza ukumiswa kophahla (ikakhulukazi esimweni sebhasi) kanye nephuzu lokulungisa uhlelo olunentambo odongeni. Iphutha lizobiza kakhulu, kuzofanele livale izimbobo ezindongeni nophahla futhi zishayele okusha, kungasho ukuthi kungakanani umzamo ozobe uzuze umphefumulo womnikazi.
String Systems
Ezinhlelweni ezinezintambo, ukugeleza kwamanje kagesi entanjeni eyeluliwe. Kufakwe kusuka ethuneni elincanyana noma izintambo ze-aluminium ngesilinganiso esingu-0,1 mm, ziyimikhiqizo ejwayelekile kagesi. Ngezinhlelo eziphansi zamandla aphansi, izintambo ezincanyana ziyasetshenziswa, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izintambo. Imvamisa abanabodwa.Kuzinhlelo zokukhanyisa eziphakeme, ngenxa yamandla amakhulu (ngenxa yokuphepha kukagesi) kanye nesisindo esiphakeme sezibani, izintambo ezinkulu kanye nezihlanganisiwe zisetshenziswa. Okubi kwabo ukuthi endaweni yokufaka izibani, ukufakwa kufanele kusike noma ukubhoboza, futhi esimweni sokuhambisa amaLuminaires kukhebula, izindawo ezedlule zokunamathiselwa kwazo zibonakala.
Njengomthetho, izintambo ezimbili ezifanayo ezihlukaniswe yi-3-20 cm zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezinezintambo. Omunye wabaqhubi we-nichrome, esinye isigaba. Ama-luminaires anamathiselwe ekumisweni okuguquguqukayo, noma akhiwe phakathi kwezintambo endizeni efanayo. Ukukhishwa yi-Metalspot Zen, esebenzisa izintambo ezingenamikhawulo ezibangelwa yi-wiring. Ngakho-ke, uma izintambo ezimbili ezinjalo zisetshenziswa ohlelweni, uzokwazi ukudala amaketanga amabili ahlukene amalambu. Ukukhanyisa okukodwa kungenziwa kufakwe phezulu, futhi wakhe umkhathi wokugubha wonke amalambu.
Uhlelo lwe-albhamu efektri ye-ALBUM ORBA String luhlukile kuMthetho Jikelele. Izintambo ezimbili ezikhona zamanje zingahlukaniswa nebanga elifinyelela ku-5m kusuka komunye nomunye futhi ziboshwe ezindongeni eziphambene. I-Luminaires yohlelo inokumiswa okude futhi ingabekwa noma kuphi egumbini. Ukulungiswa okukhanyayo kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isilawuli kude.
Zonke izinhlelo zamanje zingafakwa ngokuvundlile, ngokungacabangi noma ngokuqondile uma amalambu evumela. Izintambo zokugwema ukonga zingezelelesi ngomzamo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthi kufake i-Wenger String System phakathi kwezindonga ezimbili ze-plasterboard. Kulokhu, udinga ukusebenzisa ama-anchor ama-anchor amade wokubopha odongeni oluphambili, noma usebenzise ukufakwa ophahleni ngosizo lwama-rack amabili aqinile lapho elulwe khona bese enamathiselwa ku-Ceiling noma ikhebula lephahla noma elinamafutha.
Izindleko zohlelo lwe-Cable zinqunywa ngokuphelele ngenani lamalambu kanye ne-transformer. I-cable cable eyodwa ibiza umthengi cishe ngo- $ 2. Amafemu ambalwa ayishumi nambili aqashwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlelo zentambo. Ungathenga amasistimu wokukhanyisa kusuka kuPaulmann, Bruck, Oligo, Schmigo Leuchten, Ingo Mauler, Metalspot, Belux, Planlicht, Cinlinils nabanye.
Shine Systems
Ngokungafani nezintambo zezinhlelo zokukhanyisa, ezisebenza ngezinsimbi zensimbi, kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlelo zokuthatha izithako zihlukile ecaleni ngalinye. Ukuhlukahluka kuningi, futhi kubangela ukudideka emagama. Igama elisha aliveli nevila. Babizwa ngamathayi, amathayela, amamojula namathrekhi. Kepha okuthakazelisa, isigama esihlanganisiwe asikho phesheya. Ngakho-ke, eJalimane, yonke imijikelezo, ngaphandle kwamakhebuli, abizwa ngeSchienen (amathayi), nakwinguqulo yesiNgisi yamaphephabhuku - amathrekhi (amathrekhi). Inani lamagama linwetshiwe, elivumela ukuhlukaniswa okuthile.
Abaqhubi benziwe ngephrofayili ye-aluminium ekhishwe yi-Aluminium enomqanduli wethusi ahlanganiswe kuwo, abantu baseMelika babizwa ngokuthi amathrekhi. Izinhlelo ezinezinhlelo ezishaqisayo "Sandwich" Design lapho izingqimba ezimbili zomshini zihlukaniswe ungqimba lwe-dielectric, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-monorails, okungukuthi, ngezinhlelo ezizodwa zesitimela. Izinhlelo ezisakazekile kumashubhu wensimbi amancane abathengisi baseMelika babhekisela ezinhlelweni ze-twinrail - zibizwa ngokuthi ama-ojantshi.
Kusukela umqhubi osuselwa kuphrofayela ye-aluminium kumagama afuywayo asekhaya abizwa ngebhasi (noma amathayi nje), igama elibolekwe "ithrekhi" laphenduka mahhala. Ama-Ipostaeers ama-Lighting Systems awajabulele ngokukhululekile ngokuphelele, kuvame ukubiza amathrekhi we-monorail condction. Ake sizame ukunikeza amagama anembe kakhudlwana kulezi zinhlelo, ngokususelwa ku-American terminology, okubonakala ngathi kwathuthukiswa kakhulu futhi okunengqondo.
Umzuzu owodwa wale miklamo ukuqina. Okungukuthi, le misipha igcina ifomu elicacisiwe futhi alidingi ukungezwani. Ukuze kube lula, sizoqhubeka nokuqamba amabhasi ngamabhasi (noma amathayi) bese sihlukaniswa ngojantshi bese silandelela amasistimu webhasi.
Ngayo yonke inqwaba, banamathele ngokulinganayo ophahleni nasezindongeni. Amabhasi angamiswa zombili ophahleni oluphambili nowokuhlobisa, ngoba ngokwesilinganiso esisodwa sokwakhiwa ndawonye ngesibani kungabi ngaphezu kwe-3kg. Ukumiswa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amakhekhe aguquguqukayo noma izinduku eziqinile ezinamabakaki epulasitiki noma afakiwe emaphethelweni. Ibanga phakathi kwezipendisi liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-150cm ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kohlelo futhi kuvikele umthwalo ngokweqile kumqhubi kanye nezixhumi. Ingaphezulu leBusbar iningi linokuhlobisa okuhlobisa - ukusukela ku-chrome noma ukupenda nokuphetha nge-14-carat giliding, ngoba kusendaweni yokuhlala i-HORTICT SUMS LOMUNTU kufanele futhi yenze imisebenzi yobuhle. Izinhlelo ezansi komgwaqo, lapho kugeleza khona kwamanje kwamathayi angenalutho, ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa kwenziwa ngokuxhumana nama-adaptha. Ama-adaptha abizwa ngokuthi amabakaki, ngosizo amalansi anamathele kwibhasi bese uthola amandla kagesi.
Izinhlelo Zesitimela
Bonke bahlobana nogesi ophansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukugeleza kwamanje kubaqhubi abangenalutho, abaqhubi abangahleliwe, njenge "versholds".Kuzinhlelo ze-monorail, ukwakheka kwesigaba sesiphambano somqhubi kungaba kuhluke kakhulu: nxazonke, i-skwele ebunjiwe, isikwele. Usayizi weSigaba Esibanzi se-Monorage Monorage ngokuvamile kuvame ukuba ngu-6-10mm ububanzi no-15-25mm ukuphakama. Njengoba ukuguqulwa kukhiqize futhi amabhasi e-tepi. Leli cala phakathi kwezendlalelo ezimbili ezithuthukile (akukho ngaphezulu kwe-1 mm obukhulu) futhi ungqimba oluncane lwezinto ezifakiwe.
Ujantshi angagoba ngokunawo - endizeni yophahla futhi ophahleni lwe-perpendicular kuyo. Imikhawulo emsakazweni wokugoba, noma kunjalo, ikhona. Njengomthetho, i-radius encane ingu-50cm, kepha kufanelekile ukucacisa uhlelo lwakho. Nge-radius encane yokugoba, ukulandelwa kokuhlobisa kwethrekhi kulimele, futhi esimweni esibi kakhulu, ujantshi uzophule. I-Ribbon Monorails, ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane bokwakheka, ungagoba ohlangothini olubanzi nge-radius encane. Ukudonswa kwethrekhi kukhiqizwa efektri, emnikelweni womhlinzeki womhlinzeki noma ngokuqondile endaweni. Esimweni esithile, kuzodingeka futhi kube yindlela ekhethekile yokugoba umphakeli, noma, ngezigaba ezincane nezithonjana, ukugoba kuzokwenziwa ngesandla. Ujantshi unganqunywa usayizi owuthandayo ngqo endaweni yokufaka, kepha abakhiqizi bakweluleka efektri (ngenxa yokutholakala okuphezulu kokufakelwa kanye nokuhlobisa ukuhlobisa). Iningi labakhiqizi likhiqiza ama-monorails ubude obuthile obuhleliwe obamukelwe ngesisekelo sokuhlangenwe nakho okungokoqobo. Isibonelo, enye yezinkampani eziholayo emakethe yohlelo lokukhanyisa yiSchmitz Leuchtenmen- yenza ubude be-Rails 1 no-2m. Lo usayizi ulungele abasebenzisi, futhi ezimweni eziningi izinhlelo zingahlanganiswa kalula kusuka ezingxenyeni zobude befekthri.
Ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zokukhanya okushiwo kusuka ku-Schmitz Leuchten, i-MetalSpot, Bruck, Oligo, Bannamp, Planlicht, Artemide, Zumtobel nabanye banikezwa emakethe yaseRussia.
Kuzinhlelo ezinemizila emibili, umqhubiyali wakhonza amashubhu amahle ethusi anobubanzi obungu-4-10mm. Amalambu afakwa njengemihlobiso eqinile noma eguquguqukayo. Uhlelo luhlanganiswe njenge-monorails, izingxenye ezihlukene zebhasi zihlelwe ngomunye nomunye (zingahle ziqonde futhi zigobile) futhi ziqiniswe ekumisweni okuqinile phakathi kwe-zero nesigaba, ukugwema umjikelezo omfushane. Izixazululo ezinjalo zinikela abakhiqizi bePaulmann, Oligo, Metalspot, Nuova Mizar, I-Planlicht, I-Luxol. Inzuzo yalezi zinhlelo ukuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwentambo nama-aesthetics amasistimu monorail.
Gours
Isatshalaliswe womabili amathrekhi aphansi namandla we-voltage. Iphrofayili yePinch noma i-Aluminium izogcwaliswa ngabaqhubi abambalwa abangenayo ukufakwa ukuze 'babuke "ngaphakathi kwesiphambano sephrofayili yephrofayili, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukusheshisa ku-wire engenalutho. Iningi lamathrekhi epulasitiki amathrekhi agoba nge-radius encane 1m. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okuhlukile, uhlelo oluphakeme lwe-breloner BL3000 ngerediyo ye-BED 25cm. Noma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlobisa kungafakwa ebusweni bamathrekhi, anoma yimuphi umbala, uma kuphela kungahlupheka lapho ufaka ama-adapter of Lamps. Amathrekhi wephrofayili ye-Aluminium anesigaba esinzima sokuphamba futhi awakuvumeli ukuthi aguquguquke endaweni yokufaka. Zingangqongqozwa ngosizo lwezixhumi ezivela ezintweni zebhasi zangaphambi kwe-busbar.
Imvamisa, ngazimbili eziningana zabaqhubi ezine-insulator yemibuthano ehlukahlukene kagesi zizocindezelwa kuphrofayili. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa uhlelo olulodwa kuphela lwethrekhi, kulula ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanje ezisekelweni, amalambu kanye nekhompyutha. Ububanzi obukhulu bokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zethrekhi ezihlanganisiwe - Izakhiwo Zentengiso: Amahhovisi, izitolo, amabhizinisi okudla. Uma, ekwakhiweni kwezangaphakathi, kwabekwa inani elanele lezi zitolo, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa uhlelo olufanayo. Amathrekhi amasu akhiqizwa ngokuqondile, ngakho-ke amasistimu aqoqwe kubo abukeka ngendlela efanayo.
Izinhlelo zokulandela izindlu ezimbili zinikezwa eRussia yizinkampani ezifanayo ezikhiqiza amabhasi monorail. Kukhishwe amasu okuguqulwa amasu e-Iguzzini, u-Oligo, uNuova, uMizar nabanye.
Indima ebalulekile ekwakheni ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokukhanyisa zamanje ezidlalwa yizingxenye ezisizayo: ukumiswa kwemisinga namalambu, ukuxhuma kanye nezinto zokugcina zezinhlelo.
Izixhumi ezixhumeka ziyizinhlobo ezimbili - ezifakayo futhi ziyaqhuba. Owokuqala ukhonze ukuxhuma izingxenye ezifakiwe zomqhubi wesifundo, uqhuba ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanje ezingxenyeni zalo ezihlukile. Izixhumi ziyinto yomuntu ngamunye, zisebenza kuphela ngamafemu eyodwa futhi cishe azisondele ezinhlelweni zakwabanye abakhiqizi.
Uhlobo olulula lwezixhumi luqondile, kepha luphinde lwakhishwa ngohlobo lwezinhlamvu, i-T ORX. Lezi zinto zijoyina izingxenye zezinhlelo ezingaphansi kwe-angle ehleliwe ngo-60, 90 noma 135 (Kusuka ku-90 kuya ku-2270). Kwamanye amasistimu, uma udinga ukushintsha i-angle endizeni yophahla noma ukuya kwelinye izinga, izixhumi eziguqukayo zisetshenziswa noxhumana nabo emaphethelweni.
Izinhlobo ze-CNOPNORS T nezinhlobo zama-Persecting Wires ziyatholakala njengokufaka okufakwayo futhi zizixhumanise zibe yiketanga elijwayelekile. I-ACS Siza i-TraverSerso Connectors Concecto System (Schmitz Leuchten) Ungakha ukuhlangana kwezikhala eziningana zokugcina ezikhona zamanje.
Izitho eziphezulu zinamathele ophahleni ngokumiswa okukhethekile okuguquguqukayo okuguquguqukayo okuvumelana nezimo futhi kanzima. Imvamisa, ubude bokumiswa okunokhahlo akudluli ku-2m, ukumiswa kwekhebula okuguquguqukayo kwesinye isikhathi kufinyelela ku-5m. Ungakhetha ubude obudingekayo bokumiswa kanzima okwenziwe ngamashubhu wensimbi amancane, kusuka kumugqa onikezwe ngumenzi wohlelo lokukhanyisa. Into esemqoka ukuthi izibani ezitholakala kumqhubi zingekho endaweni eseduze nophahla. Imvamisa asebenzisa izibani ze-halogen kwinqubo yomsebenzi zifudumele, ngakho-ke kufanele zibe kude okungenani ngamasentimitha angama-50 ukusuka ezintweni ezivuthayo ezivuthayo nezishisayo, okungukuthi, ukungezwani kanye nophahla olumisiwe. Leli banga lingatholakala ngokuvuselelwa komqhubi ovela endizeni, noma ekuqedeni ukumiswa kwesibani. Okokufaka kokumiswa kukhiqizwa futhi okuhlinzekwa kwamandla okuvela kubaguquli kude kufihlwe echibini elingamanga. Ungathola futhi i-transformer ezindlini zokuhlobisa ngokumiswa kwebhasi. Ama-luminaires amiswe kumqhubi wosizo lwe-adaptha ehlukile yohlelo ngalunye. Ngokuqina, izixhumi ze-crab-in crab noma ukuxhumeka okuhlukahlukene okufakiwe kuyasetshenziswa. Iziphetho zomqhubi zivaliwe ngamathiphu wokuhlobisa, enziwe ngesitayela esisodwa ngohlelo. Bamabalalisa isigaba se-non-psychic somqhubi wesifundo.
Isengezo ngasinye sohlelo lokukhanyisa okwenziwe ngezifiso, ukumiswa, ama-adaptha, izixhumi, zithengwa ngemali ekhokhwayo. Izindleko zomkhiqizo owodwa amadola ambalwa. Amasistimu wokuhamba ahlanganisa konke kusengaphambili nakwikhathalogu ungazikhethela ngisho nokuthuthukiswa kwemisinga ene-angle ethile yokungafani.
Izihlobo eziseduze
Isihlobo sezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ngebhasi ziyizinhlelo ze-modular. Isisekelo sabo ibhokisi lephrofayili, okuyizindlu zeplastiki eziyize ngesigaba sesiphambano ngesimo sokufana, i-ellipse noma umbuthano. Ububanzi bephrofayili buncike ngosayizi wamalambu abekiwe futhi usuka ku-135 kuya ku-200mm. Amaphrofayli angagcwala omunye komunye ngama-engeli ahlukene. Izinhlelo zemodyuli ye-VM zifakiwe zombili izibani eziphansi nama-voltage amalambu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye. Kulokhu, ama-wiring nabaguquli bacashe ngaphakathi kwamaphrofayli. Uhlelo lonke lumiswe ophahleni lwezintambo eziguquguqukayo, noma ligxiliselwe esakhiweni esimisiwe.Izinhlelo ze-modular zenziwa ngokuya ngokucaciswa komqambi efektri, okungukuthi, badinga iphrojekthi ehlukile. Isikhathi sokulethwa singafinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-30-90. Izindleko zemitha yendlela eyodwa yohlelo, kuya ngamalambu, ngama- $ 300-1000. Imakethe yaseRussia iveza amasistimu we-modular ukukhiqizwa kwezinkampani zaseBelgian modular khanyisa izinsimbi, i-Weverducre ne-Italian Deletalight kanye ne-Iguzini.
Ngezinhlelo ezingejwayelekile zamanje, kufanelekile ukuthi kufakwe ku-mini-cove, i-Farusube kanye ne-Linear Guidelite Targetti (Italy). Kuyindlela yokulandela amamodeli wokuqokomisa i-niche, ama-perimeters amachibi, izindonga ziqukethe uchungechunge lwama-culon light light bulbs ngamandla we-5w. Ithayi lokukhanyisa linganqunywa ngobude obufunayo futhi lugobile ngaphandle kosizo lwethuluzi elikhethekile.
Abaguquli, ama-dimmers kanye nokulawula okukude
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, isinyathelo sokuqala lapho sibala uhlelo oludingekayo lwe-voltage voltage System ukukhethwa kwe-transformer ephansi. Kungaba ukungeniswa (umoya) noma nge-elekthronikhi. Abaguquli be-elekthronikhi bayinto elula kakhulu yokungeniswa, kepha amandla abo awedluli 300w. Ukusebenziseka ngokungangabazeki kwamamodeli we-elekthronikhi - ukuguqulwa kwamanje kwamanje ngemvamisa ye-50 HZ kuya kumvamisa ephezulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ucindezele ngokugcwele ukukhanya okukhanyayo bulbs- ukukhulisa induduzo yokukhanyisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho usebenzisa ama-transformers anjalo, impilo yenkonzo yamalambu aphansi akhuphuka icishe iphindwe kabili ekungenisweni, amamodeli e-elekthronikhi anciphisa iziqaleliso. Kodwa-ke, abaguquli be-elekthronikhi abahlala isikhathi eside njengokungenisa, yize namuhla futhi bavikelekile ekuphumeni komjikelezo okufushane kanye nama-voltage amaconsi. Inzuzo, inzuzo eyinhloko ye-elekthronikhi - ukuthula. Ngenxa yomphumela wezinguquko ngobukhulu obubonakalayo ngaphansi kwesenzo samanje, umoya ongenayo unesisindo esinomsindo. Okungamandla asuswa kakhulu, kukhulu.
Umguquki we-elekthronikhi kufanele asondele eduze kwesiza sokuxhumeka, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulahleka kwamandla kagesi kwabaqhubi kuzobaluleka, futhi lokhu kuthinta kabi ukuqina kokusebenza kwayo. Abakhiqizi abaningi balawula ibanga 50cm ukusuka kumqhubi kumqhubi we-elekthronikhi. Uma i-transformer yehluleka ukufihla ngemuva kophahla omisiwe, ifakwa endaweni yokuhlobisa. Ukuhlinzekwa kukagesi okuvela ku-transformer kuya kuhlelo lwethrekhi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo olukhethekile, oluvame ukufakwa kwamadivayisi noma ngababili bokumiswa, lapho kulungiswa khona ithuba elinjalo. Ikhebula likagesi elivela ku-transformer linikezwa ngqo kubaqhubi abaphethe njengamanje.
Ukuqina kokugeleza okukhanyayo kohlelo kulungiswa kalula kusetshenziswa amadivayisi we-dimmer avumela ngokushelela ukuguqula ukukhanya kwanoma iyiphi imithombo yokukhanya, ngaphandle kwe-luminescent. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho kulayishwa ngokweqile ama-dimmers aqala ukwenza umsindo. I-cackeredron transformer ilungele kuphela i-electron dimmer kuphela, nokungeniswa okuzayo.
Ochwepheshe bakweluleka ukufaka ama-dimmers nabaguquli, abalwa emandleni, okuyi-10-20% ephakeme kunamandla wangempela wohlelo, noma, kunalokho, anciphise inani lamalambu.
Abanye abakhiqizi, njenge-metalspot, Schmitz Leuchten nabanye, banikezwa ukuhlomisa amasistimu asebenzayo njengamanje anedivayisi yokulawula kude. Umsebenzisi usebenzisa isilawuli kude angakhetha enye yezindlela eziyisishiyagalombili noma eziyishumi nesithupha zokukhanyisa amakamelo. Ukusetha izindlela nazo zenziwa ngokuzimela nangaphandle kobunzima obuningi. Okuwukuphela kwe- "Kepha": Imishini yohlelo ngokulawulwa kude izokubiza u- $ 300-400.
Izikimu ezithengiswayo
Kuzinhlelo zamanje, kanye nawo wonke amadivayisi wokukhanyisa, izindlela ze-Mass kanye nokuthengisa okukhethekile zingasetshenziswa. Isibonelo esikhanyayo sezinhlelo ezinkulu, ezibizwa ngokuthi yibhokisi lemikhiqizo yenkampani yaseJalimane Paulmann. Amamodeli alo athengiswa emabhokisini amakhadibhodi nge-transformer kanye neqoqo le-halogen lumiares ebizayo. Izindleko zezinhlelo ezivela kuPaulmann zingaphansi kwama- $ 300- zinqunywa yiphakeji kanye nokwakhiwa. Kutshalwe imali emfundweni yebhokisi kunikeza umbhalo weSistimu Yesistimu Yesistimu. Ukubhoboza umqhubisi usebenzisa amakhebuli noma amashubhu wensimbi-rails. Umthengi angakhetha amasistimu wokukhanyisa, ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene nenombolo yamalambu, ubude, ukubukeka komqhubi kanye nokushintsha kwe-transformer.
Amamodeli afanayo anikela nge-Brilliantiant, kepha akuvamile ukuthi atholakale emakethe. Kaningi ezitolo nasezimakethe zokwakha ezithengiswa amalambu, ukulingisa amasistimu wesistimu yamanje. Ziqukethe induku egobekile enobude obungu-0.5-2m, lapho izingosi zokufaka 4-6 ngamalambu akhanyayo avele anikezwe. I-KTESne noma uphahla kwalezi zibani zinamathiselwe endaweni eyodwa. Ngokubambisana, ama-fasteners asethelwe yi-casing yokuhlobisa, equkethe i-transformer. Izindleko zamalambu anjengama- $ 80-250.
Kepha uma ufuna ukuba sekhaya ukwakheka kwezimpawu ezizwakalayo, sikucebisa ukuthi ucabange ngokuthenga ukukhishwa okukhethekile ngamalambu oklami. Uhlelo olukhethekile lwamanje luqukethe ubuningi bezinto, ngakunye kwalo okunentengo ephansi yayo. Isisindo esiphezulu "isisindo" kwizindleko eziphelele Luminaires zinikela. Intengo yesibani esisodwa sohlelo olukhethekile lungama- $ 40-200. Umphumela utholakala ukuthi imitha eyodwa yokuhamba yohlelo lwethrekhi izobiza u- $ 250-700, kanye nemitha yohlelo lwe-modular ku- $ 1,000.
Isikhathi sokulethwa kwezinhlelo ezivela kuMkhiqizi siyizinsuku ezingama-60-90 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhleleka. Iningi lesikhathi "lidla" ukuthuthwa kwemishini eRussia, futhi lolu yizinhlelo ezimbi kakhulu ezibizayo. Uma unokushoda kwesikhathi nemali, sikucebisa ukuthi usebenzise ngokunenzuzo okunikezwayo okuqediwe. Ngokufanayo ukwehluka kwabo kukhulu kakhulu kangangokuba asikho isidingo sokuthola i-oda elikhethekile.
Sikunikeza amasu ayisishiyagalolunye, ngosizo lwawo ungathonya khona umbono obonakalayo wekamelo elihlukile lefulethi lilonke.
- Gcina isilinganiso segumbi elikhulu Vumela izibani eziqondile zokukhanya.
- Ukukhanya okubonisiwe noma okusakazeke kuzokwandisa umthamo wesikhala.
- Lungisa inani lekamelo lonke ngaphandle kokuhlela kabusha izibani kungashintsha ukukhanya kokukhanya okuboniswe phansi, izindonga nophahla.
- Ukunciphisa ukuphakama kophahla, umfudlana wokukhanya kufanele uqondiswe ophahleni odongeni.
- Ukwandisa ukuphakama kophahla odongeni, kufanele kufakwe izibani bese kuthumela ukukhanya ophahleni, kwenze kube lula ngaphambi kwayo.
- Ukwandisa igumbi elincane, uhlelo lokukhanyisa kufanele lubekwe eceleni kolunye lwezindonga emugqeni wezinga.
- Ukunciphisa igumbi elibanzi, izibani zitholakala kangcono kanye nomugqa ophakathi kophahla.
- Ukunciphisa ubude begumbi, kusetshenziswa uchungechunge lwamalambu aguqukayo.
- Ukuze welula isikhala, kusetshenziswa uchungechunge olude lwamalambu.