Itshe Lemvelo: Izici zakhe, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo, izindlela zohlelo lokusebenza, izincomo zokusebenzisa ukuthungwa kwamatshe obhekene, ukucubungula amafemu, amanani.
Isitayela se-Fireplace Mazarin Classic isitayela esinezintambo zokugaya i-SAnd Stond Stondstone Gard
Mosaic wemabula eyenziwe ngobuciko
Izitshalo zezimbali zigcizelela ubuhle betshe lemvelo
I-ling limestone
UPaul, izindonga nekhishi phezulu kwenziwa ngesilayidi
Ukungcola kwangaphakathi kusuka ku-granite ebunjiwe ("Kuzrechensky", "Vilon")
Lapho usebenzisa iSandstone, ngisho nezingcezu zamatshe ezincane kakhulu ziya ecaleni
Emhlobisweni wendlu yokugezela, ungasebenzisa imabula - leli tshe alwesabi amanzi
Ithebula le-travertine yakudala
Izinyathelo zemabula kufanele zivikelwe esihlabathini nezinye izinhlayiya ezincane zokuqala
Interior yasendaweni ekhanyayo eyenziwe ngenxa yokuvumelana kwamakholomu amhlophe, amawindi amakhulu, ifenisha enhle kanye nemabula yemabula ekhanyayo
UGranite unikeza ingaphakathi eliqinile, livinjelwe umlingiswa
I-limestone itholakala kwimiphumela elimazayo yemvula ye-acid, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuyiphatha ngamakhompiyutha akhethekile wokuvikela we-hydro-phoosiosis asetshenziswa kwangaphandle.
I-Slate ine-coefficient ephansi yokumunca kwamanzi, ngenxa yalokho engasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwendlu yokugezela
I-Barbecue Tolede: Umakhelwane ovuthayo we-SAnd Story Stond Story kanye nesitini esiphuzi ngaphansi kwenkanyezi
Itshe lemvelo - uphawu lwamandla nokuqina. Akushisi, akukujiki futhi akuboli. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuthola i-charm ekhethekile kuphela ngamakhulu eminyaka aphakade ". Itshe liyamhlaba umxhwele ngobunyekele kwalo - ishende ephuma kunzima kuye, kubonakala sengathi iyindlela yesiphithiphithi, kuba nzima ukuhlukana. Amadlelo etshe akhulekelwa njengonkulunkulu futhi akholelwa ukuthi ukucatshangelwa njalo kweBoulder ejwayelekile engadini kukhanyisa umuntu
Abantu basebenzisa itshe empilweni yansuku zonke kusukela kudala. Okokuqala, ubuciko bokuqala buvele, khona-ke amathuluzi, izikhali. Imigwaqo yomgwaqo yaqala ukubhekana nemigwaqo, kwasungulwa izindlu namathempeli ngokushesha. Uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobonhlobo zetshe lemvelo, sezivele zingaphezu kuka-8,000. Imvamisa ekwakhiweni, imabula, i-granite, i-labradorite, isilayidi, kusetshenziswa i-limestone. Namuhla, ubukhulu bokusetshenziswa kwetshe bubanzi kakhulu: Ukubhekana nezakhiwo zangaphandle, ngaphakathi kwezindonga nobulili, amakholomu, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, amakhandlela, imihlobiso kanye nemihlobiso, imihlobiso kanye nemihlobiso, imihlobiso kanye nemihlobiso, imihlobiso kanye nemihlobiso, imihlobiso kanye nemihlobiso.
Igama lezentengiselwano letshe livame ukufaka ukubizwa kombala walo, ama-deposits kanye nezesekeli kohlobo oluthile (ngokwesibonelo, ama-balmoralite balmoral, eFinland - ibanga le-granite ebomvu). Lapho ukhetha ukuzalanisa esimweni ngasinye, ngokuyinhloko uqondiswa yizakhiwo ze-physicomechanical zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqothuka kwezakhiwo, ukumelana netshe okuphezulu kuyadingeka emiphumeleni yokushisa eguqukayo, lapho isetshenziswa ezitezi nasezitebhisini, ukumelana ne-abrasion kanye nemithelela, njll.
Isifiso esibi sokwenza itafula lasekhishini lisuka eMarble liholela ekutheni izikhalazo: inkomishi echithekile ye-phantas noma ikhofi idonswa ebusweni bomkhiqizo futhi ishiye ibala elingafakwanga. Imabula ebunjiwe yesaba ama-acid kanye ne-alkalis, ngakho-ke impahla efanelekile yekhishi phezulu yiGranite.
I-Natural Stone akumangalisi ukuthi icatshangelwa okukhethekile- ngisho nekhono lesimanje elinekhono (i-porcelain terhore, ukulingiswa okusekelwe kuma-resins kanye nosimende) awakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuphelele "okuphilayo". Imvelo yayinikeza imidwebo ehlukile ngempela kanye nemithunzi, ukuze umkhiqizo ngamunye unqunyelwe ubunye.
Ukuzala kwetshe lemvelo
Izinhlobo zezintaba, ngokuya ngemvelaphi yazo, zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziphambili:Imigqa ye-magmatic, noma izintaba-mlilo ifaka ama-granites, amaShenietites, amaDiorites, Gabbro, ama-labradorites, ama-volcanic tuff, ama-tesentes, amagrente kanye nezinye. Ziqandisiwe ekujuleni noma ebusweni bomhlaba.I-sediment (amatshe esihlabathi, ama-dolomites, ama-dolomites, amatshe e-gypsum) - amadwala akhiwa yimvula ebusweni bomhlaba noma ngaphansi kwezindawo zokugcina zemvelo ze-organic ne-inorganic izinto zemvelo.
I-Metamorphic - imabula, i-limestone eshaywayo, i-shale, u-quartzi, u-gneisse. Lezi zinzuzo zashintsha ngaphansi kwethonya lamazinga okushisa aphezulu nengcindezi.
Abaqambi banamuhla kanye nabaklami bakhulayo behlanganisa ngaphakathi ngaphakathi hhayi imibala ehlukahlukene yetshe elilodwa, kodwa futhi nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene. Ngokunengqondo, izinto zokuvalwa zixhumeke ngethoni, ngokwesibonelo, uCarmen Red- "Hillou" (ama-Granites ama-shades apinki nezinkomba), noma, ngokuhlukile: Ukuqhathanisa: I-BiancoCarrara noma yemabula emhlophe noma emnyama). Kodwa-ke, namanje akuyona enye inhlanganisela yemvelo engokwemvelo emhlobisweni wendawo ayimukelwanga ngabanye abantu. Ake sithi imibala ekhanyayo ye-Southerner, kufaka phakathi umakhelwane we-beige nge-mbala emnyama, ungathandi ngempela amaRussia akhetha amathoni e-pastel athambile kanye nokuguqulwa kombala obushelelezi. Izinkampani ematsheni elilodwa angaphakathi ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kumele abe nezimpawu ezifanayo zemishini. Isibonelo, iphutha elinzima lizobe lihlanganisa ukufakwa phansi kwemabula kanye nama-slabite ama-slabs: imabula yezithunywa ku-abrasion futhi iklanywe ngokuqinile lapho izinhlayiya zesihlabathi zifika, futhi zingenandaba. "
Ukuze itshe lemvelo elisetshenziswe ekwakheni, izici ezinjalo zibalulekile njengamandla, ukuqina, ukuzokwenza, ukungakwazi, ukuqina, ukuqina, ukumelana nesithwathwa kanye nokuhlobisa. Izinhlobo zezintaba zihlukaniswe zaba ruble (ama-granites, ama-basalts, ama-quartszites, ama-gneises), amandla aphezulu (ama-tuffs, izimbambo, ama-limestone-amagobolondo, ushoko).
Ukuqina kuyikhono lokuqukethwe isikhathi eside ukumelana nemiphumela yezulu, ngenkathi ugcina izakhiwo zokuqala nokubukeka. Umbala wemabula noma i-limestone uqala ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zokubhujiswa eminyakeni engama-25-75 ngemuva kokuqala kokusebenzisa, imhlophe yemabula - kanye nebanga elingcono kakhulu le-granite leminyaka eyi-500, ngakho-ke i-granite is okubizwa nge- "Waphakade".
Noma yiliphi iphalishi lamatshe lemvelo, kepha amadwala alengisa ngezinga elikhulu kunawo wonke. Izinto ze-porous ziyakwazi "ukuphefumula": umusi udlula kalula. Le mpahla ingasetshenziswa lapho imishini yezocansi ngokushisa kwangaphakathi. Kepha itshe elinesici esinjalo kulula futhi lichithekile: Isakhiwo saso se-microporous sidonsa kalula ama-ketshezi kanye nemikhiqizo emibi (khumbula isibonelo ngethebula lemabula). Ama-pumbles, ama-tuffs, ama-limestone-shells, izingqimba ze-theme-quartzi, ama-granites, ama-diorites angukuningi kakhulu. Ukuba khona kwe-poorsioti kunciphisa amandla, ukuqina kwamadwala, kudangala kubi. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye wasiza ukusebenzela itshe, isisindo salo sehle.
Ukuhlobisa kwetshe kunqunywa ngombala walo, iphethini nesakhiwo, kanye nokuthungwa kobuso. Izinhlobo ezingavamile zinenani elikhulu kunazo zonke: i-rossoveavera Marble noma i-Blue (umbala wetshe elingajwayelekile (umbala ongavamile!) I-granite azulmacaubas itholakala ngamanani amancane kakhulu. I-Basalt Lava nama-Quartzi angamanga amatshe akhethekile, abiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukusetshenziswa. Itshe lemvelo lihlangana kahle nanoma yiziphi izinto zokwakha.
Itshe elmabula
Leli gama lazalwa eGrisi lasendulo (iMarmaros Plourse lisho ukuthi "itshe eliqhakazile"). Imimoya yokukhanya ingena etsheni, imabula izophila, i-halo ekhazimulayo ekhanyayo ibonakala izungeza umkhiqizo kuwo. Enye amakhosi asendulo abona ukuthi lokhu kuyinto ehlukile yokuqothuka. IVenus Milosskaya yadalwa kusuka emamabula emibala emhlophe efudumele, i-parfen, ithempeli likaZeus Olimpiki kanye nekholomu yethempeli lika-Arsemis kwenye yezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa zomhlaba. UMichelangelo wayeqapha amamabula amhlophe futhi wambiza ngokuthi "umphefumulo wendawo yonke", "okukhombisa i-lich kaNkulunkulu." Kepha imabula akuyona nje umbala omhlophe kuphela. Itshe likhazimula futhi lidlala i-pink, ophuzi, ompunga, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amathoni aluhlaza okotshani, obomvu, oshisayo, eshaya ukujula okumnyama, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zenhlanganisela. Imabula yombala imvamisa iyindawo yokuhlala eningi (okubizwa ngokuthi "imithambo yamatshe"), okugcwele ukuqhekeka okugcwele ukungcola kwemvelo. Ezigabeni zamamabula jura, ama-rossoverona noma ama-fossilemarone ananatilone amehlo azohlukanisa ama-silhouette ama-mollusks asendulo, ama-algae aphukile, amakhorali, ama-seahells. Ngokuya ngemibala ekhethiwe, ingaphakathi le- "Stone" lingafudumala noma libanda, elikhulu noma umoya, ukunethezeka noma okunesizotha, kumnyama noma ukukhanya.
Iqembu lamaqembu ezemidlalo lihlala isikhathi eside, agqoke kahle, ukuhlobisa, acutshungulwa kahle futhi angcoliswa kalula. Ama-density awo asukela ku-2.3 kuye ku-2.6 t / m3, amandla acindezelwe - ukusuka ku-1353mpmp, ubulukhuni bama-moss luba ngu-10.02% (i-levadia) kuya ku-3.3% (trathertino). Izinhlobo zamatshe ezibangele amatshe, njengeMarble Jura ezinosayizi wokusanhlamvu ka-0.1-0.25mm, zinamandla amakhulu, zigqoke ukumelana nokuqina.
Enye yamadiphozi endabuko adume kakhulu futhi abalulekile atholakala kuma-spurs we-APPS Alps eCarrara. Itshe elakhiwe ngoshukela lidlula ukukhanya kukhanya ku-4cm - izinkomba ezinjalo zibonisa kuphela izinto eziphakeme kakhulu ze-alphaertial. Amasimu eMarble ancanyana kakhulu: Coeler, Perrisheskoe, Kybik Cordon (East Ural, Sayan), cishe yonke into. Kunama-deposits esifundeni sase-Irkutsk, eSouth Yakutia naseKola Peninsula, kodwa adalwe kahle. Izindawo ezinkulu zemabula zitholakala endaweni yase-Uzbekistan. Malguzar mhlophe amamabula amhlophe amhlophe, ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, weqa izakhiwo zawo ngisho neCarrara Stone.
Ukucutshungulwa kwemabula kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo eqediwe kuyo (amakholomu, ama-countertops) kubandakanyeka enkampanini "Grann" (Izhevsk "(izhevsk" (i-Izth "(iSt. Petersburg). Njengomthetho, amafemu asebenza hhayi kuphela ngetshe laseRussia (elisencane), kodwa futhi nemabula engalashwa evela e-Italy, eGreece naseTurkey. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapuleti aqediwe kanye nemikhiqizo yenkampani yase-Italy TECNO ART MARMI, Turkish Tekmar neJalimane Juma (Marble kanye neLimestone) zinikezwa eRussia.
Azikho izinketho eziningi kangaka zokucubungula ingaphezulu leMarble Surce: Polishing, yokugaya, ukubuyisa, ukwakheka kokufakelwa ("antique"). Polishing ugcizelela ubuhle bemvelo betshe. Izinyathelo ezenziwe nge-whocardized zibonakaliswa yimichilo ekhethekile, ewusizo kakhulu yokulwa nama-anti-slip. U-Antik ukhetha abathandi be-antiquity kanye nezitayela ezingaphakathi ze-antiquity. Ngokukhiqizwa kwamathebhulethi, imihlobiso yodonga kanye phansi kungasebenzisa i-mosaic yamatshe. Kuqashwa kusuka kokubili okupolishwe futhi kuvela ematsheni athile. Umphumela wezenzo utholakala ngokuqhudelana ama-cubes aseMose esigungu esikhethekile, lapho, njengamatshe amatshe, athambisane, athola amafomu ayindilinga, noma ngenxa yokucutshungulwa kwamatshe acid. Ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, indlela yokugcina emazweni amaningi ayivunyelwe.
Imabula-ithambile impahla ethambile, edonsa. Sesaba kakhulu ama-reagents wamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi i-hydrochloric acid. Izindawo zemabula (indawo yomlilo, itafula, izindonga) kufanele zivikelwe emthonyeni we-thermal - inkomishi yetiye elishisayo noma ikhofi ingahle ibulale. Ungenza kusuka kumamabula noma phansi phansi phansi, kepha zama ukukhipha amathuba okufaka ingaphezulu kwezinhlayiya ezingenangqondo, ngokwesibonelo, isihlabathi, ahlela itshe.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha okulungile kokonga kwemabula ye-styling. Lapho usebenzisa isixazululo sosekhukhwini noma i-glue yethayela ngemuva kwesikhashana ebusweni betshe, usawoti onosawoti kanye nezithasiselo zemibala zivela ebusweni betshe. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izingoma ezinamathela okunama-adhesive akhethekile nodaka, kusho izinamathiseli zamatshe zemabula ze-MC76 ne-Alemix15 ngu-Akemi (Germany).
Ukususa imihuzuko ejulile kanye nokuvuselelwa kokukhanya okulahlekile kwemabula, kuzovuswa. I-Avot yokwenza lula ukuxhashazwa kwemikhiqizo yemabula kuzosiza amathuluzi okunakekela. Ukufakwa kwamatshe, ukwakheka kwamatshe (i-Lithofin, Germany) kanye ne-beeswax ejwayelekile kuzovikela itshe elimnene kuma-acid, i-alkali, eyela; I-Mastics Type Monocera (Okujwayelekile) izokweseka ubukhazikhazi bezindawo ezibunjiwe futhi bathuthukise umbala wemabula emhlabathini. Itshe elingcolisiwe liphathwa nge-neutrex ekhethekile, ama-ejenti wokuhlanza we-bactex akhiqizwa ngokujwayelekile. Futhi kukhona ama-mold and rust lens (Rustremover, Akemi), i-Soft Soap (I-Milkstosoap, Akemi). Emakethe yaseRussia, iBellinzoni (Italy) nayo ijwayelekile emakethe yaseRussia.
Izindleko zamapuleti ezimabula (ukuqina okujwayelekile 10mm) kusuka ku- $ 30 / m2 ("Coele") kuya ku- $ 120 / M2 (verde nicolaus, enye yezimabula ezibizayo kakhulu ezinethoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Ngokwanda kobukhulu bepuleti (kuze kufike ku-15, 20, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngu-30mm), izindleko zalo zingakhula amahlandla ambalwa.
Ubuso bendawo yokufakwa kwetshe elicutshungulwe
1. "Rock" - ukuthungwa okunzima okuphonse usizo ku-200mm. Kulingisa itshe elikhazimulayo lemvelo ngokuphumuzayo okune-infomogeneous. Kwenziwe ngesandla kuphela.2. Ukuthungwa okunamachashazi ama-buchard ngemisele yokubhujiswa (ukugoqa) kusuka kumigqomo ye-carbide buchardoy. Delta usizo- kufika ku-at5mm.3. Indiza yePyblean-rotic enezikhathi zezikhathi ezitholakala ngezikhathi ezithile ngokujula kwe-upstream.
4. Indawo ephethwe kabi ye-Thermo-ephethe ngokulandela umkhondo ngenxa yokuchayeka ku-jet yegesi yokushisa ephezulu.
5. Ukugaya-indawo engalingani kancane enomkhondo wokucubungula ngethuluzi elinolaka. Ukukhululeka kwe-Delta - kuze kufike ku-2mm.
6. I-Roschenya-Smooth Matte ebusweni.
7. I-Power, ebushelelezi ebunjiwe nge-Mirror Glitter, ukuthola umbala wemvelo kanye nomdwebo wezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ukukhethwa kombala kanye nokwenziwa komhlaba akuchazwa yinoma yiziphi izinkambiso, ukukhetha ngokuphelele kuya ngezifiso nokunambitheka kwekhasimende. Ama-coarse surface ("Rock", amabhuleki) asetshenziswa kaningi emhlobisweni wangaphandle wezakhiwo. Okwama-sill amawindi noma ama-countertops, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-granite ethambile. Kungenzeka ukwahlukanisa i-granite kusuka ekulingiseni kwanamuhla ekudwebeni: ngetshe lokufakelwa lilingana ngokwengeziwe futhi alinakuqukatha okungahleliwe. Ukulingiswa kwepulasitiki (ngokwesibonelo, ipulasitiki epulasitiki lill ngaphansi kwetshe) liklanywe kalula. I-AV yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-composites ebusweni bomhlaba ziyimingcele ecacile phakathi kwamaminerali.
Shale
Amatshe e-Slanets-agqitshwa amatshe abunjiwe kahle, akhiwa emadwaleni e-sedimentary futhi kwesinye isikhathi i-quartz. Amapuleti awo anendawo yemvelo, engalingani, engalingani kancane, evame ukwenziwa okuvame ukubonwa noma okubunjiwe (okumnyama kuphela, okuluhlaza okotshani nokumpunga kubhekwa ekupholisheni. Isikhathi eside eRussia, lokhu kwasetshenziswa kuphela ngesimo sama-slabs angalawulwa - emigwaqweni egandayiwe, ukukhwabanisa uthango, ukwakhiwa kweklabhu. UTom kule mibili yokugcina, leli tshe laqala ukusebenzisa njengezinto zokuhlobisa. Amazwe anombala ohluke kakhulu: kusuka ku-homogeneous green (verde), i-beige (i-biege), ebomvu (i-rosso) noma emnyama (emnyama) yokuchichima (i-Panther, i-multicolor, ilanga lase-Afrika). Umbala ohlukahlukene we-bahia ufana namabala okugqwala ku-asphalt. Okwamanje, isilayidi sithengiswa ngendlela yamapuleti angalawulwa (ngokwesibonelo, ama-500200mm) noma amathayili wokuhlobisa amafomu ahlukahlukene (unxantathu, isikwele, ama-multifacet) nosayizi (202010, 153010mm, njll.). Amathayili wokuhlobisa ahlinzeka inkampani yase-Italy ye-Artesia eRussia.
I-slate ibonakala kalula kuma-Standard Stonewood Saws, inqunywe kahle futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ngokungafani noGranite, ayikhuphuki. Ngokwezakhiwo zayo, imabula ifana: ukumelana nesithwathwa kwaleli tshe kuyimijikelezo engama-25-100, amandla - 2-4 esikalini se-moss, ukumuncwa kwamanzi, 0,1-3%. I-shale ihlanganisa phansi izitezi, ifaka izindonga, amafasills namatafula kwenziwa ngakho. Isakhiwo samatshe esibekiwe siyavumelana nokwehla kwesihlahla, ngakho-ke lezi zinto ezimbili zingahlanganiswa (zisho, ekugcineni phansi). Ochwepheshe benkampani "i-VK-Design" bayalulekwa ngezindonga ezingcolile nezitezi ukuze basebenzise amathayili obunxantathu kanye nokwakheke amadayimane, njengoba izigcawu zihlotshaniswa nama-ceramics kanye "nokuncishiswa" okubonakalayo kwemvelo. Ukuze ulondoloze ubukhazikhazi kanye nezindawo zokuvikela ze-shale, ingaphezulu lazo kunconyelwa ukucubungula kanye ngonyaka ngezindlela ezikhethekile: okokuqala geza itshe lamanzi, bese umboza itshe lamanzi, ibhotela, kanye nokungcola okuphindayo kanye ne-wax. AmaMastics afanele akhiqiza i-Artesia Firm.
Izindleko zamapuleti zincike ngosayizi wazo kanye nezinhlobo zazo ezisampula futhi zibonakaliswa cishe yiqiniso: kusuka ku- $ 71010mm), kusuka ku- $ 91010mm), kusuka ku- $ 95 / M2-Pultes of size ezinkulu (ngokwesibonelo, 606015mm).
Ukuzala kweqembu lamaGranite
I-Granite (Ibaleka. Okusanhlamvu kwe-Granum) kuminyene kakhulu (2.6-2.7 t / m3) netshe elihlala isikhathi eside (amandla alo ngokucindezela - 90-550mp, futhi lokhu kuyibhalulana eliphindwe kabili). Amadwala ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu anosayizi wokusanhlamvu ofinyelela ku-2mm (i-granite "Siberian"), izingqikithi zikhulu kune-10mm (ngokwesibonelo, "Kapustinsky"). Itshe liyamelana nokungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nesithwathwa, lithi, i-granite "Mansurovsky" (Bashkiria) ayiguquki izakhiwo zayo ngesikhathi semijikelezo engama-300 yokuqaqa nokuncipha. Ngezici ezinjalo, i-granite ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kudingeka khona "ukukhuthazela" okukhulu, njengezinyathelo namatshe okugoqa, ukuvala amatshe ebhuloho, iziteshi zomgwaqo, izitolo.I-Winteriereiere amapuleti abheke phansi, izindonga kanye nezindawo zokucima umlilo, izitebhisi zewindows kanye nama-countertops, izitebhisi, amakholomu kanye nabaBalusters. IGranite, ngokungafani nemabula, ayidingi ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe ekulimaleni kwemishini nokuchayeka ku-acid-ketshezi oluqukethe i-acid. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi akudingekile ukumnakekela nakancane, ngoba noma yiliphi itshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lilahlekelwa ukukhanya, nezindawo ezibunjiwe ziyasulwa. Usukhulume u-Akemi, uBellinzoni, ojwayelekile ukhiqiza i-mastic ne-polyroli ekhethekile ye-granite. Ngenxa yobulukhuni obuphezulu bale tshe, inyamazane yayo nokucutshungulwa kuyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke imigwaqo.
Imiphumela kanye nezindleko zemikhiqizo yama-granite ziphakeme kancane kuneMarble. UGranite uthengiswa ngohlobo lwamapuleti osayizi abajwayelekile: 300300, 300600, 400400, 450450mm, ubukhulu - 10, 15 no-20mm. Intengo yamabanga angu-1m2 ukusuka ku- $ 70 kuya ku- $ 120 (kuya ngempahla esetshenziswayo neyokuhlobisa yohlobo). Ezinye izinkampani zinikeza amapuleti ngobukhulu obungu-30 noma 40mm. Imikhiqizo eqediwe yenziwa uku-oda amafemu "ama-granules", "as", "mkk-ebambe", "i-Nord-Stone" (Tolyatti), iSardis Association (ST. Petersburg).
Itshe eliyinkimbinkimbi. I-posnovna eyakhiwa kusuka e-Wild Spa, Mica kanye ne-Quartz. Ngaphezu kwenhlanganisela ebanzi yalezi zimbiwa, imibala ehlukahlukene iyathola. I-granite evame kakhulu ("i-" Greeyquenna) neBlack (i-absoluteblack, nerofrica), kepha kukhona nezinhlobo zePink-Red (Rossomarina), ezimhlophe ("Mansurovsky"), Ophuzi ("" Temail ") nokuluhlaza (Amahlathi) amathoni. I-Granite Wedge, uma iqhathaniswa nemabula, ingabe amatshe ahlakaniphile, abandayo.
I-Gabbro-Stone imnyama, kwesinye isikhathi inombala oluhlaza okotshani, umbala wamaLavradorites uhlukahluka kusuka kumnyama kuya ku-Grey. Ukungabikho ekwakhiweni kweGabbro namaLabradorites Quartz abenza kube lula ekucutshungweni kunoGranite. Ingaphezulu elingaphambili le-granite liyakwazi ukuthola noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesikhombisa okungenzeka.
Kunokuntuleka okukodwa okubalulekile kwe-granite. Siqonde ukuba khona kwesendlalelo semvelo semvelo ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwamaminerali kulolu hlobo lokungcola olunokungcola kwezinto ezingajwayelekile (i-cerhium, i-lanthanum, njll.). Umbono okhulayo othi Granite "aqoqana kabusha ngemisebe", ngephutha, umsakazo wetshe ungokwemvelo. Ikilasi lesizinda se-radiation sedwala linqunywa esigabeni sokuvunywa kwamasheya wediphozithi futhi kuphawulwe ngepasipoti yediphozithi.
Kuma-granites ebanga lokuqala, umsebenzi othize we-radionuclides akufanele wedlule ku-370BQ / kg. Lezi zinhlobo zingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemikhawulo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi wokwakha. Ikilasi likamabhalane lifaka cishe zonke izigaxa eRussia nasemazweni e-CIS: "Kalguara", "uSukhobe, umAssurovsky," zhitsta, umsebenzi we-radionuclides - 64bk / kg). Iklasi lesibili (370-740bc / kg) livunyelwe ukwakhiwa kwezimboni nasemgwaqweni, kanye nokubhekana nezakhiwo zangaphandle. Lokhu kufaka i-Tokovskoye Deposit (Ukraine), i-Granite "Revival" (Leningrad Region), i-salvatiere (Italy) futhi yalethwa eFinland Rossa Marina, Lappiablue, Balmorald. Amaminerali anikelwa eqenjini lesithathu (ngaphansi kwama-2800 BC / kg) angasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa komgwaqo ngaphandle kwezindawo zokuhlala, futhi ngomsebenzi othile ongaphezulu kwama-2800b / kg- kuphela esivumelwaneni ne-State-POIDNADZOR. Inkampani ethengisa amadwala ama-granite iphoqelekile ukuba nobufakazi bekhwalithi ye-radiation yezimpahla ezikhombisa inani le-batch ngayinye.
Ekhaya, usebenzisa i-Dosimeter yasekhaya, ungabheka ubufakazi kuphela ezindaweni ezihlukile zekamelo, ngakho-ke kulula ukweqa umthombo wendawo we-radioactivity. Lalela uma uthenge indlu nge-granite futhi awazi ukuthi ikilasi likhuluma kanjani ngawe, asikweluleki ukuthembela ekufundeni kwasekhaya kwe-dosimeter. Thintana kangcono nensizakalo ekhethekile. EMoscow, lo nguMnyango we-Radiology of the Center of State-Poodnadzor, Isikhulu Esisebenza Ngokusebenza Kwe-General Directorate for Civil Defenseence kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo zedolobha laseMosncow kanye ne-radiation Security service of Mosnpo Radon.
Amatshe esihlabathi kanye ne-limestone
Kanye namatshe esihlabathi, ne-limestone ingeyamadwala alengayo.
I-Sandstone-Fine-sathululelwa kahle yokuphefumula. Iqukethe ikakhulukazi izinhlayiya ze-quartz ngokufakwa kwamanye amaminerali (Silica, Carbonate). Imvamisa iqukethe i-Iron Ores edonsela umbala okhangayo. Umbala wetshe (ngokuya ngediphozi) ungahluka kusuka kokumhlophe okumhlophe okubomvu, onsundu, okumpunga kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-SANDTONE ngezindlela eziningi iphansi kuMnumzane noGranite, ikakhulukazi ekutholeni ama-Beraptic kanye nokuthola amanzi (amatshe esihlabani sobumba yiwona amafushane kakhulu). Kepha ku-frost-amelana neqhwa (50 imijikelezo noma ngaphezulu) Uphakeme kunezinhlobo ezithile zemabula yombala. Ngokufanayo, leli tshe ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama lilele ngaphansi kwemilenze: ngempango yalo, akudingekile ukumba i-quarry noma ukusebenzisa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi - i-sandstone isebenza ngqo ebusweni. Lesi sesakhiwo sokwakha esishibhile: I-1M2 ROSTOV noma i-Novorossiysk SANDTSTONS eMoscow kusuka ku- $ 5 kuya ku- $ 25 (ngobukhulu be-10-23mm).
Lapho kukhaleza izakhiwo, itshe lesanti libekwa ngemigqa engabushelelezi, futhi ngokukhululeka, ngokwezifiso amatshe komunye nomunye ngesando esivamile. Ama-Seams enza ukuba mkhulu ngamabomu. Ukungena kunezicucu ezincane kunazo zonke, ngakho-ke itshe lesona alilingani emnothweni. Okuyilo okulungile kungukuklanywa kwama-masonry, kuthakazelisa ngokwengeziwe ukubambeka kubukeka. I-Votchchychi evela eMarble neGranite, iSandstone ibekwa ku-CEAND ejwayelekile. Ukusuka kuleli dwala kwenza uthango, amathrekhi, izinyathelo, ukuhlobisa imizimba yamanzi, imithombo kanye nama-allides e-alpine. Ibusika iwina kakhulu indawo yomlilo, inwetshelwe yiSandstone.
Itshe linikezwa amapuleti anobukhulu bama-10-50mm noma izindonga. I-Plannyak (Itshe Laphansi) Ukuqonda: 2-6mm. "I-Lames TAMEL" ethandekayo, uhlangothi olulodwa lwalo lucutshungulwa, kanti elinye ligcina isakhiwo sasendle, semvelo.
Wonke umuntu ngaphandle kokukhishwa okuhlukile, amanzi okushayela namatshe omoya. Bayakhonjwa, bathambile futhi balula isihlabathi. Ukucubungula ngokuphelele. I-limestone iqukethe ikakhulukazi i-calcite futhi ine-white, ephuzi (i-cyperinskoye idiphozithi), grey (alekseevskoye), onsundu noma umnyama. Imvamisa, ingaphezulu letshe liyaqina, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zibanda kakhulu (ngokwesibonelo, i-limestone yamaGrikhi elithi "John"). Amaminithi omsuka we-organogenic athola igama lawo ngokuya ngezicucu zezinto eziphilayo ezazibambile. Uma izinto eziphilayo zingachazwa futhi itshe liqukethe amagobolondo wonke, libizwa ngokuthi yi-limestone-seker (ukuzala okuphansi kakhulu), futhi uma kusuka ku-Broken-Critutus. I-chalk, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, futhi i-limestone ehlukahlukene, ingxube yamagobolondo amancane kakhulu kanye ne-powder calciite.
Lapho kugcwele amanzi, i-limestone ilahlekelwa amandla. Iphinde ivezwe emvuleni ye-acid, ngakho-ke lapho ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle kudinga ukwelashwa ngezingoma ze-hydrophobic. Lokhu kuzalela kusetshenziselwa ukudonsa, izakhiwo zezitebhisi, ukwakhiwa kodonga okwenziwe ngama-masonry owomile, njll. I-limestone iyinto enhle yokuthola ama-rocals (ama-rocky gards), ngoba inamatshe anjalo eVivo, izitshalo ezisezintabeni ezingandile kakhulu ziseduze. UNaa wayevame ukubeka izindonga ezingalungiswa ukuze azilingisa amadwala. I-limestone iyinto ephelele yokusika etsheni. Kusetshenziswa njengomanyolo.
I-Traverytines ingenye yezinhlobo ze-limestone, futhi iqukethe i-calcite, imvamisa ekhilimu noma ebomvu. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo kanye nezimbobo ezibangelwa ukudlula kwamagesi noketshezi ngokusebenzisa ubukhulu betshe. I-Travertine ibunjiwe noma igaya, igcwalisa ama-pores ngesisombululo esikhethekile. Intengo yepuleti - kusuka ku- $ 15 / m2 ngokukhulu kuka-20mm.
Ithala
I-Tapy "," insipho "(insipho)," I-Ice "," Imbiza "," Chimney "," Chimney "," amanoni "- wonke la magama abizwa nge-talco chlorite (40-50% we-talc yawo ). Imali enkulu kunazo zonke etsheni eFinland. Inokushisa okuphezulu okuqongelela izakhiwo. Indawo yomlilo evela ku-chimney izosindisa ukushisa komzila oshisiwe ngaphezulu kwamahora ambalwa. I-Amor-Root embizeni yamatshe epholile ayincibiliki ngisho nasekushiseni. Ukusuka e-Talco Chlorite kulula ukwenza izithende namafulethi e-sauna, izitsha zekhishi (amapuleti ngaphansi kweziphuzo ezithambile, ama-devanter for iziphuzo ezithambile, ipani lokuthosa). Itshe lombala - okumhlophe noma okumpunga nge-skuhlaza noma ephuzi. Inkampani yaseFinland Tulikivi inikezela ngezindawo zokucima umlilo, izitofu, amatshe e-sauna e-Stone Stone.Imikhiqizo yeTalco Chlorite imelana namanzi, ama-acid kanye ne-alkalis. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ekwenziweni kwama-countertops asekhishini nasekupheleni kwamakholomu, ngamakholomu acwebezelayo kanye nama-windows sill, izitebhisi kanye nezindonga. Amathayili e-Saap Stone abekwa kwi-glue evamile ye-tile, i-rag eyanele esemanzi yanele ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke. Ungenza izakhi ze-talco chlorite e-talco chlorite, izibani, amatafula namabhentshi. Emhlabeni wanamuhla wezakhiwo zokhonkolo eziqinisiwe, umuntu owengeziwe afuna ukuzungeza ngezinto zemvelo: isihlahla, itshe, izindwangu zemvelo. Yibo bonke itshe - "okuphakade" kakhulu.
Izincomo zokusebenzisa ukuthungwa kwamatshe ebhekene
| Ukubhekana Nezinto | Ukuthungwa kwamatshe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Igwadle | UGabbro, Labradorite | Itshe elmabula | |
| Izitebhisi zangaphandle | Wagaya, waphathwa | I-Pylena | - |
| Izitebhisi zangaphakathi | Kuthunyelwe, kupolishwe | Kuthunyelwe, kupolishwe | -Bodwa |
| Umbala we-coc | Zonke izinhlobo | "Rock" | - |
| Izindonga zangaphandle | Kuthunyelwe, "Rock" | Kuthunyelwe, kupolishwe | Kuthunyelwe, kupolishwe |
| Izindonga ezihlangene | -Bodwa | Kuthunyelwe, ukwelashwa okushisa | -Bodwa |
| Amafunyetelo | Kuthunyelwe, kupolishwe | -Bodwa | -Bodwa |
Abahleli babonga i-Firm "VK-Insior", "ama-Granules", "I-Condor", "ibambe amatshe" ISardis "(iSt. Petersburg) kanye nokukhathazeka" Don "ngosizo lokulungiselela lokho okuqukethwe.