I-Ampire: Shape kanye ne-Material, Line kanye ne-silhouette, amasu wokuhlobisa kanye nomhlobiso oqondile - ukukhanya okunengqondo okunonya kanye nokunengqondo okunonya kwesitayela sempi.
Amatafula amancane ayindilinga emlenzeni owodwa owenziwe ngendlela yekholomu, dala umoya woku-ambuphu endaweni yanamuhla, lapho kulula khona ubuhle
IKhabinethi Le mbumbulu we-replica yanamuhla e-Ampyr. Ukuphendula izidingo zokusebenziseka kalula emoyeni wanamuhla, kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa nokuphapha
I-Harmony Golding kanye ne-tood eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iphakanyiswe i-tood shade ngokufakwa okubucayi komhlobiso ongaphezulu
Sikhulume kakhulu ngeqhaza lesikhala ekwakheni isithombe sangaphakathi. Namuhla sizoxoxa ngendlela njengengxenye ebalulekile yezangaphakathi futhi ngasikhathi sinye esize sanele. Ifenisha yefenisha noma into ehlukile ayibalulekile kangako ngesitayela kunesixazululo sendawo. Ukuxoxa ngalesi sihloko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi esibonelweni sesitayela se-amprir, okuthandwa kakhulu ekuhumusheni okungalindelekile kakhulu nasenkathini yesikhathi ehlukahlukene, kusuka ku-napoleon kuya e-stalin
Isitayela se-Biography
I-Ampire (Fr.L'empire-umbuso ovela kuLat. Imper-Command, Amandla) kwavuka njengesitayela sezikhulu, kuhlala namuhla. Ukuzila ukudla okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, kusetshenziswe njengemithombo yemithombo yobukhosi boMbuso WaseRoma. Uhlaka lwesikhashana lwe-French "yesitayela sesiFulentshi" lukhawulelwe esikhathini esincane kakhulu sesikhathi: kusukela ekugcineni komkhombandlela (1799) noma unyaka wokubuyiselwa kwe-napoleon (1804) ekubuyiselweni kweBourbon Dynasty (1815 ). Noma kunjalo, esikhathini esifushane esifushane, ama-classicism anesikhathi sokuzalwa kabusha ngesitayela esibandayo, esinamandla, athuthukiswe ngamandla yiziphathimandla. Ukuvumelana okucacile nokuqine kwezikhathi zikaLouis HVI kanye nobukhulu bentando yeningi yezinhlu zoqondisi kwashintsha ubukhazikhazi kanye ne-pathos. I-Ampire inonya futhi ibanda. Omunye wezazi-mlando wambiza ngokuthi "isitayela esiqinile sikaLouis HVI".UNapoleon wayefuna i-pomp nobukhazikhazi, futhi i-antique yakudala yayingemnandi impela lapha. Umashiqela onezimpande wayephupha ngenkazimulo yababusi baseRoma, ngakho-ke abaculi benkantolo badilizwe ngokuqinile ukuba bathathe isisekelo sokwenza ubuciko baseRoma lasendulo. Isikhathi se-WTO njenge-classic savuka ngokwemvelo, ngokusekelwe kubukezo emhlabeni jikelele we-ePoch, futhi saqhubeka nobuciko beDemocratic Greece, i-Ampir yanxusa amagugu amasiko weRoma yase-Imperial. Lo mehluko obalulekile kwesinye isikhathi ukhohliwe ngokukhuluma ngokuqhubeka kwezitayela ne-amprir njengesigaba esiphakeme kakhulu sokuthuthuka kwe-classicism. Kuzolingana nokuvuma ukuthi ubuciko besigaba esiphakeme se-Art of Athene.
Isebenza ekwakhiweni kwezigodlo zasebukhosini (Tuileries, Louvre, Saint-Klov, Fontaineblebleau) baholwa ngabakwa-Architects Sh. Perche (1764-1838) noP.fontaten (1762-1853). Yikho ukuthi babhekwa njengabadali bezitayela zombuso ngaphakathi. Inkazimulo yabaklami ngezindlela eziningi abanomthelela ekushicilelweni kwe-albhamu yefenisha kanye namaphrojekthi wezangaphakathi. B1812 "Ukuqoqwa kwemidwebo yokuhlobisa ingaphakathi nangazo zonke izinhlobo zempahla", eyenze iPhrece and Fontaine of the Archites yasenkantolo yaseNapoleon. B1786-1792 Emidwebeni yabo, ifenisha yenziwa izigodlo zeWindsor, i-PotSdam kanye ... St. Petersburg.
Ngezindlela eziningi, ukubukeka kwesikhathi sayo (kuqala ngezingubo nokuphela kwezinwele) kukhombe umculi waseFrance uJ.L. UDavid. Wathuthukisa imidwebo yefenisha, imininingwane ye-Interior Design, ebizelwe imfashini yezingubo. Okuningi kwenze uDavid nokuxazulula izindlela ezintsha zefenisha. Izihlalo Emidwebo yakhe ("isifungo saseHoratiyev", "Brut", "Elena noParis") baboniswa ngemuva kokutadisha kahle izinhlobo zakudala zefenisha futhi bavame ukukhonza njengamasampula okwenziwa yizihlalo eFrance nasemazweni aseYurophu .
Ngokubambisana noDavide, umenzi wefenisha odumile noHlelo uJ.Jacob wasebenza. KwakunguDavide wakwethemba ukwenziwa kwefenisha emidwebeni yawo nemidwebo evela kumasampula asendulo e-etruscular. Isitayela sombuso sabaculi basenkantolo baseMagenultal boMbuso bakaNapoleon baletha ingaphakathi lokukhululeka ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, igumbi lokulala le-Empress Josephine esigodlweni saseSigodlo saseSigodlo saphenduka ukufana kwetende elihamba izintaba le-Commander yamaRoma, futhi amaTunches amahle ayegqoke "ama-roman tunis" emabandleni afudumele kaParis nase-st . Peterburg. Ngempela, ungakhumbula amazwi kaNapoleon uqobo: "Yibheka isinyathelo esihlekisayo."
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi azikho izifundazwe ezihluliwe nguNapoleon zathatha i-amprir ejulile. Uma izwe elinqobayo iRussia lithumele ngokuzithandela ngesitayela se-Empire esihlokweni sabo esimbozwe yiqhwa. I-Russia yaba umbuso onamandla futhi, ngakho-ke, yayinezizathu ezinhle zokukhanga izithombe zombuso. Ngakho-ke, i-ververop, ngakho-ke, kwakukhona ama-amp ahlukahlukene amabili: isiFulentshi nesiRussia. I-Russian Ampir yayithambile. Isitayela sangezwayo asikaze sisakazeke. I-English Amplir kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Georgiv Style (1820-1830), eyenzeka ngemuva kwesitayela sesiNgisi se-regency.
Esikhathini soMbuso WaseFrance (1799-1815), uNapoleon uzungeza ngobuhlakani obusha kanye ne-pomp entsha ngemuva kokuvinjwa kweRepublican. I-Imperial Shine yinto ehluke kakhulu ekukhazimuleni kweRoyal, isikhathi sokubusa kwe-baroque noma i-rococo. Manje i- "Pompadurry" isiphenduke ayifaneleki, futhi ukucaca okusha okwakhayo engxenyeni entsha kwakuwukubonisa izimiso ezintsha ze-Statohood: Izihloko zaphenduka izakhamizi, futhi izihloko nezikhulu nezikhulu kwadingeka ukuthi zithundle umfaniswano wezinga.
Ifomu nento ebonakalayo
Okokuqala, sizochaza umqondo wefomu. Lolu luhlaka lwangaphandle lwendaba, ngokwengxenye eveza isakhiwo salo sangaphakathi nomsebenzi owakhayo ongaphansi. Ukuzwa ifomu lelo, kukho konke inhlanzeko yalo okungenzeka, zama ngokwengqondo ukupenda zonke izinto ezitholakala kwifenisha yezindlu, izesekeli, noma ukuhlukanisa uhlobo lwento kusuka kumbala walo, ukuthungwa, umhlobiso.
Ifomu lincike kakhulu kokuqukethwe okwenziwe yilonto. Ubudlelwano bezinto ezibonakalayo namafomu buyinkimbinkimbi futhi akulindelekile. Azijwayele kuphela ngokuzwana, kodwa futhi futhi futhi, lapho ifomu lifuna ukuncipha lokho okuqukethwe, futhi yena, ulwela ukubalekela ngaphansi kombuso wakhe. Thatha, ngokwesibonelo, i-ambiter ngesitayela se-amplir. Sibuzwa izikhundla ezimbili zokuqala: Okokuqala, sifuna ukuthola isihlalo njengesihloko sokuhlalisa futhi, okwesibili, sikunikeze ukubukeka okuhambisana nesitayela esinegama. Emzamweni wale nhloso, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungabhekane nenkinga yokukhetha impahla.
Sesivele sazi ukuthi isitayela se-APTORIRE sibandakanya ekwakhiweni kwesikhulu sefenisha kanye ne-static. Ukuze ithambise ukuncipha ngokweqile futhi ubushelelezi ukubonwa kwesimo, ekwenziweni kwefenisha esetshenziswe amathoni akhanyayo ezindwangu zokhuni nezindwangu ze-upholstery, kanye namabala akhanyayo e-bronk yegolide. I-Architectionics yefenisha ye-Ampur ivumelanisa ngokuhlukile ngamathoni egolide e-karilian birch, amathunzi afudumele afudumele kaMahogany. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ucabange ngesihlalo se-EMPAR esakhiwe eRattan, - ngoba nje ukuluka kusho izici ezihlelekile ngokuphelele zesihloko. Ngendlela efanayo, sizophoqeleka ukuba siyeke i-ebony noma isihlahla se-teak. Lezi zinto zokwakha zizothanda isihlalo se-ambulensi ePiramidi noma ngesikhumbuzo. Akukho lutho ukuzama ukuhambisa i-monolith olufanayo kusuka endaweni eyodwa ematasa. ILinden noma iPine yefenisha esitayeleni sombusi akwanele, zifana nezinkomo, zigqoka egqoke izigqoko zenduna. Uma uhlu lwamaphayini futhi lusebenza, khona-ke i-panser emfishane yezinhlobo ezibizayo zokhuni ngokuqinisekile izoba ngaphezulu kwayo, ukufihla umsuka we- "Chaza" wezinto zomthombo.
Ifenisha yokuhlala embusweni iseduze kakhulu ngamafomu kuya e-antique. Izihlalo zombuso kuze kube namuhla phinda ukwakheka kwesihlalo sesiGrikhi samaClismos. Kwesinye isikhathi ingxenye eseceleni yesihlalo noma isihlalo sangempela ihlotshiswe ngesithombe esibuhlungu sebhubesi, i-swan, i-griffin, i-sphinx enamaphiko. Izihlalo, izihlalo nama-sofa, njengakuqala, zikhungathekile ngokuqhekeka ngomngcele omnyama, isikhumba, usilika (ku-void noma izinkanyezi, ngezisekelo kuphethini le-mesh). Izihloko zefenisha ebabazekayo kufanele ziqonde njalo, futhi ukulinganiselwa kuncibilike, noma ngabe kuyifenisha yamakhosi anamuhla.
Umugqa kanye ne-silhouette
Amafomu we-APPIRE ahlanzekile, alula futhi anengqondo ngokungenangqondo. Yilezi zindawo ezenza kube yisitayela esithandwayo sangaphakathi nesisemthethweni. Ukucabanga kokuthuthukiswa kwamafomu efenisha asendulo akunaphutha. Umugqa wefomu le-Vampire ne-Silhouette ebaluleke kakhulu kunevolumu, ebize ifomu, isibonelo, ifenisha ye-baroque. Ngokungangabazeki ngokungabazeki kubhekisele ezitayeleni eziqondile, ezivezwa ngamasu anjalo, njengomugqa kanye ne-silhouette, noma ngabe kuphathelene nefenisha noma umhlobiso. I-Votchchychi neRococo neRococo whims nenjabulo, ukuqonda okuqinile kuvame ukuba khona e-AMP. Ngakho-ke, umugqa wokuthuthuka kwawo uvame ukulwela ukuvelela okuqondile, futhi kungokwemvelo nge-Imperiasis Paramedic Stykey.Cabanga ngesihloko sanamuhla sanamuhla se-amp eqinile. Inefomu lokumelana lakudala, elivaliwe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokuvinjwa noma ukuhlobisa ngokungafanele, okungalungisiswa ngumsebenzi wokusebenza. Yonke imigqa yokuhlobisa iqonde ngokuqinile futhi isekelwa yisigqi esiphindwe kabili samakholomu amancane. Kepha ukuqunjelwa kwecala lokuQapha, kunesitayela ngaphansi kwethempeli laseRoma, kwenza leli fomu, ngokuvamile, i-silhouette elula futhi ecacile, esindayo. Isivulelo selinye ivolumu selibe ngokweqile.
I-Linerity ibusa kuzo zonke izixazululo zepulasitiki zefenisha ye-ampur, kusukela embhedeni kuya kwiKhabhinethi. Izindiza ezilula ezicacile zithuthukisa kuphela iqhaza le-Line futhi zigcizelele ukuvezwa kwe-silhouette. Zama ukupenda ngokwengqondo etafuleni elimhlophe le-baroque noma i-dresser, ususa ama-gilling womdlalo nemibala, futhi uzobona uhlobo oluthile lwe-fluid mass esikhundleni se-expren. Ifenisha ye-Avtid kalula izohlehlisa kalula "ukugcwala" futhi ngokuziqhenya ikhombisa ngokusobala i-silhouette yayo ehlukile kanye nomugqa ohlanzekile.
Ukuhlobisa ama-Ampirative Reppeds kanye nomhlobiso oqondile
Kusuka emgqeni siphendukela ekuvumeni okuhlobisa emhlobiso. Ukwakheka kwe-vampire kususelwa kuqhathaniswa nendiza ehlanzekile namabhande ahlobisayo ancanyana. Uhluke kakhulu ugcizelela ubulungu obakhayo befomu.
Izisusa zokuhlobisa zesitayela se-amprir ziqukethe ikakhulukazi izinto zemishini yezempi yasendulo yaseRoma: lezi zimpawu ze-legionnaire ezinezinqwaba zamakhophi, izihlangu zamakhophi, ama-axes, ama-laurel wreths, ama-Palmette. Ingaphakathi le-vampire kanye nokuhlobisa ifenisha kunikezwe izinhlobo ezimbili zomhlobiso: ngokuqondile ngokuqondile, ngokusekelwe endulo, nokwenziwe kahle. Ngaleso sikhathi kusetshenziswe kahle imihlobiso yejometri kanye nezimbali.
Umhlobiso ongenalutho uzwakala kakhulu futhi uhlukile, kepha uvuka ngaphakathi kwe-scoop ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, uma uphendukela ekuhlobiseni kwamampunge, udinga ukukhetha izinto nezindawo zomhlobiso ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kuyadingeka ukwengeza ukuthi imigqa yombuso ye-ornament itholakala ezindaweni ezabelwe ngokuqinile ezindongeni, kwifenisha kanye ne-draperies. Lo mthetho kufanele ulandelwe.
Ngakho-ke, umhlobiso ovundlile uvame ukubekwa engxenyeni engenhla yezindonga. Ibhande eliphakeme lokuhlobisa lingasebenza njenge-aka, umhlobiso wasendulo, i-astragal. Udonga lungahlotshiswa nabashayeli bezindiza abancane, namaphaneli phakathi kwawo aqinisa ngendwangu ekhethekile ye-upholstery, etholakalayo. Ezinye izinketho kukhona izindonga zamaphephadonga amaphepha (lokhu akuphikisani nomoya we-ampir) noma ukupenda i-glue. Khetha imibala ebomvu ebomvu, ephuzi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha hhayi izithunzi ezingcolile. Umnyango wesashi kahle ukuhlobisa umhlobiso wejometri noma wezimbali.
Amafasitela neminyango ngesitayela sombuso adinga ukudonsa okuningana. Ama-Vampire Interiors ayengamakhethini aqonde kakhulu aqondile abanzi, avame ukuhlobisa, umngcele. Bahlele emasongweni agqekezwa ezintanjeni eziyindilinga, ekhumbuza imikhonto. Le ndlela yokuqinisa amadrape iyathandwa namuhla, futhi amakhethini acishe ngaphandle kwama-folds, ama-lambrequins nokunye okweqile kubukeka kusha njalo. Amakhethini namakhethini wefilakisi elincanyana lemibala egcwele eligcwele ngomngcele omncane asebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngokubona okusobala kwesixazululo, bangcono kunanoma yiziphi ezinye izesekeli ezibuyele umkhathi we-ampyr, zihlala zinhle futhi zivinjelwe. Ifenisha empire decor idale ngezandla zakho zinzima impela. Ubuningi bokunikezwa okuqediwe buvela kwifenisha yomlando ekuhlelekeni kwesimanje noma ukuphindaphinda okuningiliziwe futhi okuqediwe - kukususa kulokhu. Ungakhetha ihhovisi eliphuthumayo ngoMoya weNapoleon noma i-Alexandrai, ungathanda ngisho nokuningi okumnyama ekunambithekeni kwe- "Stalinsky Ampury". Yebo, kwakungu-Ampir. Ngenkathi enye into igcinwe ezindlini zabazukulu bethu nasekuwohlokeni kwezimakethe ze-flea, unethuba lokukhiqiza kabusha umhlobiso wamakhabethe weKremlin, usanda kukhishwa futhi anikezwe isitayela sombuso ...
Ifenisha yombuso ihlotshiswe ngemichilo emincane yethusi edonsiwe kanye nokufakwa kwethusi okuhlanjululwe, abakhangisi, i-Intarsia. Umhlobisi we-Bronze Lining ngesimo seFrieza uvame ukutholakala kumaphaneli angaphambili amakhabethe, phezulu. Esonweni ekhoneni lamakhabethe, i-dresser, i-bureau, kanye nasematafuleni e-Tsari kukhona amatafula aphezulu we-bronze noma ubuhlalu be-ubuhlalu, amakholomu, ama-friezes, ama-medallions. Umhlobiso ojwayelekile wokushada uthatha indawo ehlonishwayo kwiphaneli yangaphambili, indiza okufanele igcizelele ngayo.
Ngemuva komkhankaso waseGibhithe waseNapoleon kumafomu wefenisha kanye nemihlobiso, izithombe zama-sphinxes, uKaryatid ofana noMummies, anezinhloko zabesifazane abamnyama nezinyawo ezivuthiwe. Namuhla, izisusa zaseGibhithe ziza epulasitiki ekhethekile yepulasitiki ekhethekile kanye ne-semantic. Lapha kanye nokuqonda okusha kwesimanje kwempumalanga, kanye nokuchazwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo zezithombe zaseGibhithe, kanye ne-extioticism, ukukhishwa kwamanje kwangemva kwesitayela.
Ukwakheka kwengaphakathi lemper
I-appire ekhanyayo kakhulu ibonakaliswa kubantu abaphakathi kwezindawo zokuhlala ezweni, njenge-malmeason noma i-fontaineblebleau. Manje, isikhathi kuze kube namuhla, kuhlala kuyisitayela esingakhiqizwa kahle kwelinye igumbi noma igumbi lokuhlala.Ingaphakathi le-Imperial kufanele libuse ukuvumelanisa, umugqa oqondile, i-geometry. Isikhungo sokwakheka kwe-salon ejwayelekile ngesitayela sombuso kungenzeka ukwenza indawo yomlilo yemabula emhlophe. Uma ukhetha ukwenza ngaphandle kwendawo yomlilo, utholele enye "enye into ethile into, mhlawumbe ikhulu noma ilwela iKhabhinethi, njengekhabethe, i-slide noma iwashi eliphansi. Kusuka kule "stove" semantic "kufanele idansa imininingwane yesibili. Izihlalo ezifakiwe, amakhethini, izitulo - ukugoqa ngokuqinile ngokulinganayo. Izihlalo zazivame ukwakhiwa nguShero ezindongeni, kodwa kithi isixazululo esinjalo sichitha kakhulu. Vele ubheke ukuvumelanisa, okungenani wawunezitulo ezimbili kuphela ezandleni. Uma kukhona itafula eliyindilinga noma elisaqanda, kungcono ukukufaka phakathi kwegumbi lokuhlala. Amatafula okusekela ngesitayela se-amprir axazululwa ngendlela yamakholomu, ama-pylons noma izisekelo, njengokuxhaswa kwemabula kwamatafula amaRoma. Ngaphezu kwamatafula amakhulu ayindilinga, sihlela, ngokulingana okukhulu noma okuncane, okuncane, emlenzeni owodwa. Faka ngesibindi ngaphakathi kwengaphakathi lekamelo lokuhlala Slide, izinceku ezincane, amafasitela esitolo se-porcelain yangaphambili ne-Silverware. U-Baldahin ngesimo se-legionnaire, enisela ngenhla kombhede, uzoletha ngisho nencwadi ephazamisayo yezintaba zezempi zibe yindawo yobumfihlo.
Isimo nokuhlobisa ama-sofa kanye nombhede kuphoqelekile kakhulu ekuveleni kwawo kwesiko lakudala kanye nobubanzi be-j.l. UDavid. B1800G. Umculi wabhala isithombe seMadame Reamenier. Kuyena ubuhle obudumile baseParis, bavalelwe e-antique tunic, ubheke embhedeni ngekhanda eligoqwe kahle. Umbhede wenziwa ngokwemidwebo kaDavid ngomhlobisi kanye nenkosi yefenisha uJ. Jacob. B1802G. Isimo esifanayo seMadame Reamen embhedeni ofanayo wabhala umculi F. Sherar. Vele, konke lokhu akudlulanga ngaphandle komkhondo, futhi umbhede waqala ngokuziqhenya abhekisa ku- "Reamenier". Ukuhlukahluka kwansuku zonke kombhede "Ukuphindisela" kungaba yi-accent eyinhloko ye-stylist yezangaphakathi.
Futhi nokho, i-Amprir iyisisekelo esiphelele, ukuvezwa kakhulu kubukeka ehhovisi. Lapha kuyadingeka ukudala indawo ekhethekile lapho umthetho onengqondo no-laconism. Akukho okufanele kukujabulise futhi uphazamise imicabango evela ezinqumweni zikahulumeni. UJesl ulinde izindaba ezinhle, kuyadingeka ukubaqedelela kakhulu konke okusemandleni ampyryr.
Incwadi Yomklamo WaseRussia-Designer
Ugesi - Isilwane sasenganekwane, phambi kokhozi, ngemuva kwebhubesi. Ngemuva kohambo lwaseGibhithe, uNapoleon, lesi sisusa sokuhlobisa sesidume kakhulu e-AMP.
Ikilashi - Esikhathini sokwakha sasendulo, ikholomu njengesibalo sowesifazane. I-Intrus the borpire kwinguqulo encishisiwe ihlangana njengento ehlelekile neyokuhlobisa ifenisha.
Imbali yeLotus - Tshala imihlobiso ngesimo sembali ye-lotus enesitayela. I-vampire kanye nama-mermette yayiwukuphela kwefrieze.
Mascaron - I-Empire Ornamental Isisusa, ikhuphuka i-Antique Theatre Mask. Kungaba nendlela yekhanda lomuntu eliboniswe ngokwemvelo noma elinesitayela.
Ngokuthinta - I-Ornament, igama layo elihlotshaniswa noMfula i-Meader, inqwaba edumile yokusontekile. Liqukethe umugqa ophukile noma uHilix.
-Ngamatheli - I-Ornament Yokusiza efakwe kuhlaka noma umjikelezo.
I-Astragalus .
-Maya (Kususwa. I-Onic-Egg) noma ionic - umhlobiso ngohlobo lokuxazulula okusaqanda olwenziwe yi-roller. Izakhi ezimise okomhlobiso zigxile ekujuleni, ezinhlangothini zombili zivame ukujoyina amaparele (okufanayo nobuhlalu, i-astragal).
Ukuphindisela umhlobiso - Isisusa esihlobisayo kusuka kumahlumela we-ackant.
Iphepha lasePalmette - I-sculptural noma enhle umhlobiso ngesimo samaqabunga esundu ahleliwe.
Inkotho - I-Ornament ngohlobo lwamaqabunga aphambukayo, ama-rose petals.
Sphinx - Umlingisi onganekwanayo onobugovu bengonyama nekhanda lomuntu. I-Punching into yokuhlobisa yasetshenziswa kuma-motifs aseGibhithe ampyr.
Inkomishi yempumelelo - Isikhumbuzo sokuqala esivela kwizikhali ezithunjiwe, kamuva, umhlobiso wokuhlobisa wezikhali nezikhali.
Chevalier-Glass (Sheval-Glass), Psyche - Isibuko esijwayelekile sokuhlaselwa ekukhuleni komuntu ngesimo ngesimo sezilwane.