Ngakho-ke yini wonke amafasitela afanayo afanayo? Ukuhlaziywa kwemiklamo yephrofayili kusuka ku-PVC, kudivayisi kanye nokukhethwa kwamawindi acwebezelayo acwebezelayo, izakhiwo zokufakwa okushisayo, intengo yokwakha.
Umjikelezo wokufaka we-block yewindows endlini yephaneli ehlongozwe yi-KBE:
A- phezulu ahlangana,
Okuhlangene okuyisisekelo
Idizayini yesitayela esenziwe ngeWindows Neminyango iqinisekiswe kalula ngenxa yamaphrofayili we-PVC wezobuchwepheshe
1- Izimpawu
2- Amakhamera wephrofayili yokugoqa,
3- Sprap
Iphakethe le-4-ligs
I-plastity of pvc profile ikuvumela ukuthi udale amawindi azo zonke izinhlobo zamafomu
Lapho nje umuntu esenzile umgodi wokuqala odongeni lokuhlala kwakhe wamhudula nge-bubble bubble, washeshe waba nesidingo sokwengeza amagatsha athe xaxa. U-Annal ufinyelela ku-17-20% yokushisa endlini evamile elahlekile ngamawindi. Ngobuhle befasitela lengilazi elikhulu elinamabala, amalambu alwa nezindiza, amafasitela "amaFrance" sikhokha isiqu esiqinile - sindiza umgwaqo. Kungenzeka yini ukulinganisa ukulahleka kokushisa ngengilazi emincane nodonga oluqinile?
Ukuxazulula kakhulu inkinga yokulahleka kokushisa ngewindi, kuphela ukwakheka kwalo okusha kungahle kungabizi kakhulu futhi kunezindawo eziphakeme zokufakelwa okushisayo. Ukufeza inhlanganisela yalezi zimfanelo zivumela izinto zanamuhla, ezinjengesihlahla, ziphikisana nemithwalo emishini, ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa, zinokuvuselelwa okuphansi okushisayo futhi kuya ngokushisa kwazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nokushisa okukhona.
Enye yezixazululo zokuqala zomthengi abaningi zitholwe maphakathi nama-50s ngokubonakala kwezakhiwo ze-PVC (ipulasitiki, noma, njengoba zisho ipulasitiki, amawindi).
Emakethe yaseRussia, ngokuya ngokulinganisa okuhlukile, kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-70% amawindi kwenziwa kusuka kuphrofayela yabakhiqizi baseJalimane nabase-Austrian. Imikhiqizo izinkampani ezinjengeRehau, KEBE, KOMERLING, Brugmann, Htttroplastag (Tretal Trademark), i-SALARAN, Veka, i-PlastMO, i-Orcka (France), isipiliyoni sabo sempumelelo Abakhiqizi abasetshenzisiwe nabasekhaya (15-25% wokuthengisa). Kubukeka sengathi inani lamafemu ekhiqiza amafasitela epulasitiki kusuka kuphrofayili yawo noma elithengiwe lidlula 100. Ngendlela, izinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu zezentengiso zinikeza ama-PVC, kufaka phakathi i-PVC, izinkuni, i-aluminium nezinhlelo ezihlukile zephrofayili. Le nqubomgomo yenziwa, ngokwesibonelo, "iWindows of Ground", "Eurobna", "i-Bamo", "i-Hobm +", "isibhakabhaka", "isibhakabhaka", "isibhakabhaka", "isibhakabhaka" nabanye.
Amafasitela e-PVC enziwa ngokohlelo lokuklama okujwayelekile: Ibhokisi lewindi (ifreyimu), ukubopha okukhanyisiwe kanye nebhlokhi eliphansi. Ama-reps aqukethe ama-flaps kanye ne-fraamug, izithulu noma ezivulekile. Phakathi kwama-flaps kungasekelwa ama-crossbers (manase- I-ab Plasi iWindows Sash ukuphumula komunye nomunye ngaphandle komkhohlisi. Kuphakanyiswa ukunyakaza kwe-8ckem kwe-sash: ukuguquka kwabo kuzungeze izembe ezihlukile nangezikhombisi-ndlela, kanye nokushelela. Lokhu kudinga ukufakwa okukhethekile. Ukukhazimula Sebenzisa amawindi acwebezelayo acwebezelayo. URama ufakwa ekuvulekeni ngegebe. Cabanga, ubukhulu bawo bubaluleke kakhulu, kuya ngokwakheka kophawu nosayizi wewindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igebe kufanele livalwe uphawu olulodwa, kodwa ngezinto ezimbalwa zokuphefumula okuhlukile. Kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhiqiza nokufakwa kwamawindows, kuyadingeka ukubheka imininingwane ye-PVC. Ngemuva kwakho konke, imiklamo kufanele inikeze ukukhanyisela okuphezulu kokukhanya, ukulahleka okushisa okuncane, ukuvikela imvula, umoya nomsindo, kanye nokwamukelwa okwanele ngaphakathi kwendlu yomoya omusha. Ukufeza zonke lezi zidingo "esigabeni esiphakeme kakhulu" kunzima kakhulu, ngoba ukuthuthuka koyedwa, njengomthetho, kuhambisana nokuwohloka kolunye. Kufanele ufune ukuyekethisa. Ngamafasitela e-PVC, akulula. Ake sibheke ukuthi kungani.
I-PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) ingenye yama-polymers amadala, avuleke okwamanje ngo-1835. Iphrofayili yokuqala ye-PVC ikhishwe yinkampani yaseJalimane i-Duttroplastag (eyayikade eyayiDinamit Nobel). Ukubukeka kwakhe eJalimane akulona ingozi, kuleli laleli, kubhujiswe yimpi, ngezinsizakusebenza ezingekho emthethweni, isidingo semikhiqizo eshibhile futhi esezingeni eliphezulu yokwakhiwa kwezokwakha kwakukukhulu kakhulu. Ngesizathu sokwenziwa kwephrofayili, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa okungeziwe kwe-PVC okulahliwe kwe-PVC nokuzigcina kukhulisa amandla alo kanye nempilo yenkonzo (eyokugcina, ngokusho kwe-GOST 30673-99, kufanele okungenani kube iminyaka engama-20). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale izakhiwo zewindi ezisebenza ebangeni kusuka ku--50do + 40c, okudlula ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa kwezindawo eziningi zezulu zaseRussia.
Ngokuqondene nezingxabano kanye nezincwadi eziphathelene nokulima kwamaphrofayili e-PVC kubasebenzisi, namuhla umbuzo uxazululwa esikhundleni sabakhiqizi. Izicelo ekwabiweni kwezinto ezinobuthi ezinjalo, njengoba i-vinyl chloride, i-dioxin ne-phosgene, ihlile ukungahambisani kobufakazi besisekelo. Usawoti we-cadmium njenge-stabilizer kumapulasitiki ayisasetshenziswa, futhi usawoti oholayo kancane kancane ungene esikhundleni nge-calcium kanye ne-zinc compound, enobungane bemvelo. Izinto eziqinisekisiwe ze-PVC ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza azibangeli impilo yezempilo nokuphila komuntu. Kodwa-ke, izingxoxo ezishisayo mayelana nobuchwepheshe bemvelo bokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-PVC (iwindi nakumaphrofayli eminyango, ikakhulukazi) akwehlisi.
Ngakho-ke banjani?
Amaphrofayili okuqala ayewuhlaka lwensimbi embozwe i-PVC, okuthi ezinhlanganweni zanamuhla ezaguqulwa zaba yinsimbi yensimbi yensimbi. Ukuze uthuthukise ukushisa okufaka izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-PVC, iphrofayili yaqala ukwenza kuyo, esigabeni sesiphambano sawo kube nemithambo eminingana. Babizwa ngokuthi amakhamera. Okokugcina ahlukaniswe komunye nomunye ngezindonga ezincanyana. Izindonga zangaphandle zenza isikhathi eside, cishe ngo-3mm. Ukuze iphrofayli lincane ngaphansi komthwalo wangaphandle, kuvame ukufakwa i-liner e-amplification kwenye yamakamelo, kaningi kunokwakheka okwenziwe yi-P-enziwe ngephepha lensimbi elenziwe ngensimbi. Amaphrofayli asikwe izingcezu zosayizi owufunayo (inhlonipho yezilinganiso zokuvulwa kwewindows kwikhasimende) futhi ahlanganise lezi zingcezu ngokufudumala, okukhulisa ubulukhuni be-design yonke. Kepha ngeshwa, ukulungisa ukubopha noma uzimele akunakushintshwa yiwo wonke.Ngamafasitela, amawindi akhethekile acwebezelayo aqoqwe kusuka kumashidi ngamanye aglasi ukuze phakathi kwawo kukhona izikhala, ezivalwe ngu-hermetically kanye ekugcineni. Iphakheji yeVitroga inamakhamera athile ahlukanisiwe avela komunye nomunye. Inombolo yabo ingafinyelela ku-5, kepha izakhiwo ezivame kakhulu zeChamber 1-2 zivame kakhulu. Ubukhulu bephakheji buqala ngenani le-16mm futhi kuyaqabukela kudlula i-49mm. Ngemuva kwakho konke, iphrofayli kumele ibe nendawo (fold) yephakeji uqobo kanye nophawu.
Mayelana nedivayisi nokukhethwa kwengilazi kufanele kusetshenziswe ikakhulukazi. Izindawo ze-Flaps kufreyimu zivaliwe ngezinto zokubopha uphawu. Izimbambo nezintambo ezijwayelekile zinikezwa ukwesula - manje zisebenzisa izimpawu zokwelapha eziningi nezinzuzo. Bafakwa ngokukhethekile lokhu okunikezwe kumaphrofayili okulahla. Izesekeli zisebenzisa futhi okukhethekile, ngoba amafasitela kumele avulwe ngezindlela ezihlukile, futhi akulula ukuyilungisa ngopulasitiki. Ukuhlalisa izesekeli kukhona i-groove ehlukile eceleni kwephrofayili. Kepha ukukhiqizwa kwezinto okukuvumela ukuthi wenze amafasitela hhayi kuphela ukwakheka okungunxande, kodwa futhi afakwe, anele futhi azungeze.
Amafasitela e-PVC agcinwe kahle ngokushisa (khona-ke sizokhuluma ngakho ngokwengeziwe). Bakhanya, badlula ukukhanya okuningi. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, hlalani nenhle futhi elungisa kahle. Ayesabi izimvula namafriji, azivimbi futhi aziphefumuli elangeni, azisekeli zivuthayo, futhi ngemuva komnqamulajuqu, zivuselelwe. Namuhla, la mawindows asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwamadolobha amadolobha.
Futhi zimbi kanjani?
Okokuqala, izakhiwo zamaphrofayili we-PVC (kanye nemikhiqizo eminingi yepulasitiki) ancike kakhulu kwikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha eziluhlaza kanye nokuhambisana nemibuso yezobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni. Ukuphazamiseka okuncane kokwakheka noma ubuchwepheshe - futhi ngokushesha inqwaba yezinkinga. Isibonelo, iphrofayili emhlophe ingakhulisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi yapenda (ngevolumu) - ukujuluka. Noma kungazelelwe bazoqala ukusayina i-sash, ngenxa yokuthi okusalungiswa kuzovela. Okwesibili, la maphrofayili kufanele afakwe kahle ekuvuleni. Ngenani elikhethwe ngokungafanele kanye nobuchwepheshe begebe elivaliwe, ukufakwa okunganele kungenzeka ukugcwala izindonga noma ukubukeka kwesikhunta. Okwesithathu, amafasitela avalwe kangangokuba kunezinkinga zokwamukelwa ezindlini zomoya omusha. Ngezansi sizokutshela ukuthi ungazixazulula kanjani.
Yebo, ekugcineni, amawindi we-PVC, njengengqondo yokuqamba komuntu, angaba ngcono noma ungaphumeleli kangako. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amaphrofayli awo akhiqizwa njengengxenye yezinhlelo zonke ezibanzi. Ngizofika ngesethi enkulu yamaphrofayili ezinhloso ezahlukahlukene (izinto eziningi) ukuze ukwazi ukuqoqa amawindi ngaphansi kwanoma imuphi umyalo. Amaphrofayli ahlukene ozimele nezibopho, ezingenzeka, ukushaqeka, imivimbo, izingcezwana zamafreyimu, ukugeleza, ama-visors - zonke izingxenye ezingaba khona zohlelo futhi azihlanganisi. Khetha okungcono kakhulu ngesisekelo semibhalo yezobuchwepheshe (ngokuhlangana vele mayelana nezincwajana zokukhangisa) akusebenzi ngentatheli nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nochwepheshe. Lapha udinga ukuhlolwa okude kwebhentshi. Ama-IWS azozama ukuqaphela umuntu ophilile, othuthukayo futhi, kunalokho, izici ezingezinhle zemikhiqizo enikezwa yimakethe.
Ekuphokopheleni Isipoki
Inkinga kawoyela yokuqala kwamashumi ayisikhombisa enziwa abakhiqizi bamaphrofayli bacabanga ngokunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa ngabo. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli ama-3 amakamelo amathathu avele, lapho ukumelana nokuvuselelwa kokushisa kwephrofayili ye-roprof kwakungu-0.5-0.6 M2C / W. Aknacho xxiv. Kuvele amasistimu amane nanhlanu namaqembu (ROPROF = 0.7-0.8m2c / W) ngobubanzi obukhulayo obandayo bephrofayili - 60-70mm (Abakhiqizi basebenzisa inkulumo ethi "ukujula kwephrofayili"). Akusizi ngalutho ukwenza amakamelo angaphezu kwangu-6-7, ngoba ngokwanda kwenani lokuhlukaniswa kwandisa ukulahleka kokushisa ngawo.Umzabalazo oqhubekayo wephrofayili efudumele kungenzeka kwenziwe kusetshenziswa amasistimu akhethekile ngama-liners afaka ukushisa abekwe emakamelweni angaphandle futhi avale ngokuphelele i-sash yewindi. Amaphrofayli anjalo asevele asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-Clilba-Design aqhamuka eRehau (Roucrof = 1.4 M2S / W) kanye ne-Thermowin kusuka ku-Kummerling (ROPROF = 1.1M2C / W). Kepha ngisho nasezinhlelweni ezimbili zeChamber Eurodur, inkampani Kummerling, ngenxa yethemu ye-intra ye-intra ye-fiberglass ukuqiniswa, ithole inkomba ephezulu yokufakelwa okushisayo (i-roprof = 0.9M2C / W).
Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhethe amafasitela hhayi kuphela ngephrofayili "efudumele", kodwa futhi nokushisa okuhle okufaka ingilazi. I-Landmark lapha imi ngale ndlela elandelayo: Futhi ngephrofayili, kanye nephakheji lengilazi, inani le-RO okungenani lingaba okungenani 0.55m2C / W. Uma, ngemuva kokufaka ukwakheka, izinga lokushisa lendawo yengilazi elibheke egumbini alinciphiswe ngaphansi kwe-14c (ebusika), cabanga ukuthi ulungile ngamafasitela.
Amafemu athuthukisa hhayi kuphela amapharamitha wezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi nezimfanelo ezinhle nezici zokusebenza kwemikhiqizo yazo. Ukuqoqa nokususa amanzi, iqiniso futhi kuthambekele ezimpawuni noma ngokutholwa kwama-condensate, amaphrofayli aphansi we-flaps kanye nohlaka lwenziwe ngesibaya, phansi okuqondiswe ngaphandle. Amaphrofayili we-AV avela eDeceuninck ngenhloso efanayo ahlele i-droove yokudonsa eyengeziwe ngokujula kwe-7.5 mm. Okulandelayo, amanzi avela kuhlaka angageleza ezingena ezivungusweni eziseceleni ezihlotshiswe ngama-plugs (ngohlobo lwe-S730 kusuka kuRehau, i-Global Shield, "Pipapen"), noma ngezimbobo eziphansi. Abakhiqizi abanezinqubo ezihlukile bakhulisa ukuqina kohlelo (amaphrofayli, izesekeli namafasitela acwebezelayo acwebezelwe kabili) ukugenca. Ukwandisa ububanzi bemibala yeWindows, amasu anjalo anikezwa okufana nokukhanyiswa kwamaphrofayili (i-IAzen 10-12% ephakeme kunepende ngesisindo) noma, ngokwesibonelo, ochungechungeni lwe-compulrusion acrylic kusuka ku-httroplastag ( Lokhu kwandisa intengo kwenye enye-eyishumi nanhlanu).
Ukuze uhlukanise ukubukeka kwezakhiwo zenkampani, zinikeza zombili izinhlobo zezindlela zobuso bezindawo zamaphrofayli kanye nezinhlelo ezingejwayelekile zokuhunyushwa kwazo (amawindi ahlanganisiwe noma okuchithwayo), kanye nesethi enkulu ye-overhead izakhi. Ukwahlukaniswa kwewindi lewindi ngosizo lwe-lining (amagquma) kanye nokufakwa kwezinto zokulinganisa kuholela ngaphambili kwe-facades (httroplastag, veka, i-verAst, i-komrling, i-schuco). Ezindlini ezinama-facade ezinqwaba, amasistimu anamaphrofayli e-Swivel avele (Brugmann, Deceuninck, Termoplast).
Amabhokisi ububanzi futhi mncane
Kufakwe amawindi e-PVC ezakhiweni zethu eziphakeme kakhulu, futhi abe nezinkinga ezithile. Kunembile, umswakama wawuvame ukukhishwa emithambekeni yokuvuleka kwewindi, okungalethi kuphela ukulimala komhlobiso, kodwa nasekubonakaleni isikhunta. Indawo emincane ohlelweni kwakuyingxenye emfushane kakhulu yodonga, ifakwe ebhokisini lewindi. Abakhiqizi beWindows bathi izakhiwo zayo zokufakwa okushisayo ngo-50-70% kuncike ekufanelekile kokwakheka kwesakhiwo, ikakhulukazi, ukubekwa uphawu komthungo okhuphukayo phakathi kwebhulokhi lewindows kanye nodonga. Isici esiyinhloko sobuchwepheshe obunekhono yithuluzi le-vaporizolitation ethembekile ye-Inngamu Ebangelwa. Esimweni esiphambene, amaphunga amanzi avela egumbini amunwa yi-foam seal, ngokushesha anciphise ukushisa kwawo okuletha indawo (umthungo wephiko uzokhulula, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile uzovele awe).
Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngelabhoratri ye-thermal physics ye-moscow isikhungo se-teppology ye-moscow (Mniitep) iveze ukuthi iphaneli yodonga elizungeze iwindi lewindows lilahlekelwa kakhulu ukushisa okuthe xaxa kunomklamo omusha wewindi uqobo osindisa. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe be-MNIEPEP bancoma ukufaka amabhokisi ewindi ezindlini zethu ezinobukhulu okungenani be-120 mm ukuze igobe ngokuphelele ukufakwa, okuphakathi nendawo kwephaneli yokwakha. Kulokhu, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwemithambeka yemithambeka eseduze nebhulokhi lewindows kuzoba ngaphezulu kwe-10c, okucishe kukhiphe amandla okushisa ngaphandle kwewindows -26c.
Njengamanje, amabhokisi obubanzi ayi-115-127mm akhiqiza cishe bonke abakhiqizi abaphambili bephrofayili yephrofayili ye-PVC: KVE, HT TROPLAST AG, Veka, Rehau, Rehau, eDenmark), i-PlastMO (I-SultPlast). Kuliqiniso, iwindi elinebhokisi elibanzi libiza ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile se- $ 60-70. Kepha kuyanyamalala isidingo sokufakelwa kwemithambeka, okunika ukonga ama- $ 80-120.
Kepha okungenhla akusho nakuwo wonke amabhokisi amancane (50-70mm) analo ilungelo lokuba khona. Kungenzeka ukuthi isetshenziswe kulezo zindlu lapho ukufakwa khona kutholakala ngaphandle. Kulokhu, ibhokisi livala ngokufakwa kusuka ngaphandle. Kungenzeka futhi ukufaka amabhokisi amancanyana ezindlini zephaneli, kepha khona-ke kubalulekile ukufudumeza imithambeka ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Inketho yesibili ithembekile ngokwezenhla. Kepha, njengomthetho, faka imithambeka yengxenye yangaphakathi yokuvulwa kwewindows, okuhlanganisa le nqubo ngokuqeda kwayo. Lapho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi azikho izikhawu zomoya phakathi kwephaneli yokuhlobisa nodonga oludonsela ukufakwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umswakama uzoncishiswa kulezi zindawo ezinomoya omncane, ezigcwele ukubukeka kwesikhunta.
Ngokusho kwezinguquko ku-N4 kuya ku-Snipu P-3-79, ezifundeni eziphakathi nendawo ezisenyakatho yezwe lethu, ukumelana okuncishisiwe kweWindows Runsect Roop kufanele kube ngu-0.5-0.8m2c / W. Imikhuba yendawo isebenza. Ngakho-ke, eMoscow, ngokwezindinganiso zokwakha amadolobha zeMGSN 2.01-94, ROPR = 0.55M2C / W. Okukhulu inani lokufinyelela kule nkomba ngewindi, okungcono ukwakheka kwalo.
Inani lomswakama ofakwe emzimbeni womoya womuntu angashintshashintsha kusuka kuma-30 kuye kwangama-300 g / h, kuya ngezinga lomsebenzi walo. Amazinga wokwakha (i-SNIP 2.08.01-89) Setha ukuphindaphinda kokushintshaniswa komoya egumbini lokuhlala (inani lomoya osusiwe) ngesilinganiso se-3M3 / h ngendawo yegumbi le-1M2.
Imidwebo emibili noma emithathu yesikhala?
Iningi lezinhlelo lifaka uhlelo lokubopha uphawu lwezesekeli ezimbili: Ngokuya kwangaphandle nangaphakathi kwama-perimeter angaphakathi wokugoqwa kwesisulu. Umugqa we-Assee, i-contour yangaphandle ingaba izinhlobo ezimbili. Nge-Okokuqala, okuvame kakhulu, uphawu lucindezelwe khona ngokumelene nendawo yangaphandle ye-sash. Esimweni sesibili, indawo ebekelwe uphawu iguqulwe eduze kwesigaba seProfiler Cross (seal Median) futhi itholakala noma i-HTTROPLATAG Amaphrofayli), noma ku-SASH SASH (PLAFEEN, TYSSEn, Brugmann, Schuco). Lolu hlobo lomjikelezo lwangaphandle luvame kakhulu kumaphrofayili ama-multi-Chamber.Ngaphezu kophawu lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle efasiteleni le-sash yewindows, ezinhlelo eziningi zisebenzisa ingxenye yesithathu, yesilinganiso sesilinganiso (ngokwesibonelo, ezinhlelweni ezivela kwi-Ornaba, Salamander). Empeleni, sikhuluma ngokuhlanganisa zombili izinhlobo zezimpawu zokujikeleza ezimbili. Uhlaka lwesithathu (Medium) luthuthukisa iwindi le-Soundproofing. Zonke ezinye izinzuzo zayo ekukhangiseni, kanye nobunzima, empeleni ziyizakhiwo zohlelo lwesekethe ezimbili nophawu lwaphakathi. I-Aimenno: umsebenzi othembekile onokwethenjelwa ngomoya onamandla, ukukhishwa komswakama kusuka ekungeneni indlela eyinkimbinkimbi yokufakelwa. Umculo walezinhlelo ezinjalo kufanele ufake ukunakekelwa okuncane okulula kwesibaya (indawo yangaphakathi) yohlaka lwewindi kanye nokwenyuka okuncane (5- 10%) kwenani lomkhiqizo wonke. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nangomumo we-cast, umjikelezo ophakathi uzobopha inani elikhulu lothuli lomgwaqo noma umswakama, kepha susa ukungcola kusuka esikhaleni esiphakathi kwemisipha yangaphandle nephakathi nendawo ngeke kube lula kakhulu. Phakathi kwezimpawu zalezi zimpawu kwakungasungulwa kahle kusuka ku-silicone rubber noma equkethe intambo ye-kapner.
Ukuthwala
Amafasitela afuywayo e-Epoch of Socialism athuthukisiwe, futhi lokhu kusamile emafulethini amaningi amakhulu, kwahlaselwa yizinto eziningi, kepha kuhlinzekelwe ukushintshanisa komoya okuthembekile nezikhathi zonyaka. Noma ngabe imizamo ye-Titanic yezakhiwo zokusingathwa. Ukulwa nokwenziwa okusalungiswa, abathuthukisi bakha wonke amalunga. Kepha ukuqina kwamawindi anamuhla kuphenduke inkinga enkulu: I-IHOUCOUSE AKUFANELE NGAZO ZOKUGCINA KAKHULU KANYE, Ngenxa yalokho, basuse izindonga nefenisha.
Uma sibheka amawindi njengowukuphela komthombo wokudla komoya efulethini, khona-ke efulethini elinamakamelo amathathu ngamawindi amane, ngalinye kufanele linikeze ukufinyelela okungenani ngo-40-50m3 air ngehora. Kufanele njalo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhathi sonyaka nesimo somkhathi.
Isixazululo esilula senkinga umoya omncane wefulethi. Kepha ngeshwa, akuhlangene ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Isibonelo: Umakhelwane womgwaqo onomsindo nothuli, isithwathwa esinamandla, umoya noma imvula. Inkundla yokudlala - Ngubani ofuna ukukwenza lokhu ngokuvama okuqondayo? U-Ahhto wenze ebusuku? Amahora angama-8-10 ahlala egumbini elivalekile? Ukuthola isikhundla kuzosiza izesekeli ngomsebenzi "ovinjelwe" (noma "ubusika") umoya omncane. Lapho isibambo sewindi sifakwa esimweni esithile, i-sash yewindows ivulekile futhi / noma incike ngendlela encane eyenziwe kusuka ku-2-3 kuya ku-10 mm ububanzi (uRoto Frank, i-AUBHI) . Ngaphandle kwefasitela kuhlotshisiwe. Kuliqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukuthi noma ubani abeke engcupheni isikhathi eside ukushiya i-sash kulesi sikhundla enganakekelwa.
Ukulawula ukuphuza komoya efulethini, ukugwema okusalungiswa futhi kugcinwe kakhulu ukulondolozwa ukushisa kanye nokufakwa okuzwakalayo kwe-block block, kuvumela uhla lonke lwamadivayisi ahlukahlukene. Wangena emoyeni wesimo sezulu edlula eziteshini zawo ulahlekelwa yijubane, okungenzeki lapho i-sash igcwele. Isibonelo se-elula kakhulu lawa madivayisi angasebenza njenge-planks yokungena komoya kanye nendlunkulu noma izimpawu ezivunyelwe ngokwengxenye yenkampani Brugmann. Inkampani i-Httroplastag (uhlelo lweTrocal) luphakamise ukwakhiwa kwe-comfolip ($ 5-10), elisetshenziswa njengophawu olujwayelekile futhi luhlome ngama-petals amabili, olunye lwalo olunezimbobo. Ingxenye ethile yewindi isuswa ngophawu lwangaphandle. Umoya wasemgwaqweni ungene ngokusebenzisa igebe eliphumayo akhuphuke futhi angena efulethini ngezimbobo eziseceleni komjikelezo ophakathi. Ngomoya onamandla, i-petal yangaphandle icushiwe futhi imbozwe ukuvuleka kokuqala.
URehau kanye ne-KVE athuthukise izinhlelo zokufaka umoya okungeziwe kwama-710s kanye ne-climabox ($ 40-50), efakwe engxenyeni engenhla yephrofayli yewindows phakathi kodonga nodonga. Isikhala esikhanyayo sewindi asincishisiwe. Amadivayisi ane-valve emboze ngokuzenzakalela isiteshi somoya ngomoya onamandla, futhi ingafakelwa isihlungi sokuhlanzwa komoya. I-Aeromat valve ekhiqizwe kakhudlwana evela eSiegenia (1POG.M- $ 130) ifakwe efasiteleni lewindi phakathi kwe-Glazed ekhanyayo nephrofayili. Inikeza ukuhamba komoya kusuka ku-125 kuya ku-40m3 / h, kepha, ngokwemvelo, kunciphisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Idivayisi yokuthola umsindo enikezwe kule modeli ikuvumela ukuthi unciphise izinga lomsindo wangaphandle nge-30- 40 dB.
Zonke lezi zinhlelo zokupholisa umoya okungeziwe, umsebenzi wazo osuselwa kumgomo womehluko ekucindezelweni kwangaphandle neyangaphakathi (p), awunawo umsebenzi ophakeme ngokukhethekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ingcindezi yehle idingeka ukuze isebenze ngempumelelo esimweni sezulu esinomoya nasebusika, ngenxa yomehluko ekushiseni komoya ngaphandle nangaphakathi.
Olunye uhlobo lwamadivayisi wokufaka umoya omncane lusebenzisa i-French Firm Aeleco. Amamodeli kazwelonke we-ENE, EMM ($ 50-80), kusebenza i-valve enenzwa yemishini ephendula izinguquko kumswakama wangaphakathi. Ngomswakama owandayo (70%), ihlinzeka nge-Air Flow (kusuka ku-135 kuye ku-50 m3 / h, kuya ngohlobo lwedivayisi). Ukufakwa emafasiteleni ambalwa, amadivaysi azokwakha ukushintshaniswa komoya okudingekayo kuleyo ngxenye yefulethi, lapho kudingeka khona ikakhulukazi.
Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokugcina ukushintshaniswa komoya okujwayelekile efulethini akulula. Ukukhetha kwamadivayisi wokufaka umoya omncane kufanele kwenziwe ngokususelwa ezimeni ezithile zefulethi ngalinye. Kulokhu, indlela yokufaka idivaysi yokufaka umoya omncane (efasiteleni noma eduze kwayo) ilungele kakhulu ukuxoxa lapho uthenga iwindi, ngoba kuphathelene nama-arranties kuyo.
Amanani
Intengo yokwakhiwa incike kakhulu kwizindleko zesitaki sayo se-Contron-Glass, ukufakwa, iphrofayili. Ibhulokhi yewindows kufanele futhi ifake ukulethwa kwayo nokufakwa kwayo ($ 100-150) kanye nezindleko ze "Trifles" ezahlukahlukene - ama-Window sill kanye nokugeleza komhlobiso (1pog.m- $ 15-20 ). Uma kusetshenziswa ibhokisi elibanzi, iwindi elinenkomba yenkomba = cishe ngo-0.6 M2s / W lizokubiza ngo- $ 170-260 (1M2). Iwindi lezithulu lingabiza kusuka ku- $ 40 kuya ku- $ 70 (1m2). Kwezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa emakethe yasekhaya, intengo ephansi kakhulu inamaphrofayili afuywayo: IProplosi, iWelttplast, Plafen. I-Cacon-Class ingafaka imikhiqizo yezinkampani, i-Veka, Plastmo, uRehau, kuya kumaphrofayili ama-Elite avela e-Desnermerling, Brugmann, HtTroplastag.Izici zezinhlelo ezithile zephrofayela ye-PVC
| Uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso | Isistimu (uchungechunge) | Ububanzi (ibhokisi elibanzi), mm | Insanga Ikhamera | Ukuba khona kwe-Medium Seal UNia | Insanga contour contours UNia | Maxi- Ingilazi yokuqina kwe-mall Iphakheji, mm. | URO Pro Pro ( Firm) M2C / W. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -Et-trocal | I-avageva. | 52. | 2 - USash, 3- Ibhokisi | -I | 2. | 24. | 0.54. |
| Induduzo. | 62. | 3. | -I | 2. | 34. | I-0,61 | |
| 900. | 62 (115) | 2 - USash, 4- Ibhokisi | nakhu | 2-3. | 52. | 0.71 | |
| I-Innonova 70. | 70. | isihlanu | nakhu | 2-3. | 38. | 0.83 | |
| URehau. | Eziyisisekelo-design. | 60 (115) | 3. | -I | 2. | 33. | 0.62. |
| I-Thermo-Design. | 60 (115) | okune | -I | 2. | 49. | I-0.67 | |
| Brillant-Design. | 70. | isihlanu | -I | 2. | 41. | 0.79 | |
| Ukuklama-design. | 120 (Thermo Ukufaka) | isihlanu | nakhu | 3. | 1,4. | ||
| KVE. | "Okujwayelekile" | 58. | 3. | -I | 2. | 32. | 0.65 |
| "I-Standard Plus" | 58 noma 75 - Fold, 58- Ibhokisi | okune | -I | 2. | 32-50 | 0.65 | |
| "Prestige" | 62 - Songa, 58- Ibhokisi | 3 noma 4. | nakhu | 2-3. | 36. | 0.65 | |
| "Okungeziwe" | 75- Songa, 127 ibhokisi | isihlanu | -I | 2. | amashumi amahlanu | 0.71 | |
| "Pole" | 150. | 7. | nakhu | 2-4 | 52. | Kufika ku-1.5 | |
| I-Welttplast. | "Okujwayelekile" | 60. | 3. | nakhu | 3. | 36. | 0.56 |
| Kwezimboni U-Allen House-Building | 75- Songa, 121- Ibhokisi | 3- Sash, 5- Ibhokisi | nakhu | 3. | 36. | 0.63. | |
| Nord. | 75- Songa, 60 ibhokisi | okune | nakhu | 2-3. | 36. | I-0,7 | |
| I-Super Nord (Arctic) | 75- Songa, 121- Ibhokisi | 4- Sash, 5- Ibhokisi | nakhu | 2-3. | 36. | 0.8. | |
| Plastmo. | Inkomba 2000. | 62 (115) | 35. | -I | 2. | 38. | I-0,61 |
| 75 (122) | 35. | nakhu | 2-3. | 42. | I-0,66 | ||
| Omasela | Omasela | 58. | 3. | -I | 2. | amashumi amathathu | 0.65 |
| Kommrling. | I-EURODUR 3S / 3K / KM | 58. | 2-3. | -I | 2. | 32. | 0.6 (0.9CINTRRA Therm) |
| I-Eurofutur | 70. | okune | -I | 2. | 39. | 0.76 | |
| Thermowinin. | I-100 (Thermo Inpements) | 3 noma 4. | -I | 2. | 32. | 1,14 | |
| Brugmann. | Isikhangiso | 73. | okune | -I | 2. | 40. | 0.75 |
| MD. | 73. | okune | nakhu | 3. | 40. | 0.75 | |
| Duo-80 | 105. | okune | 2. | okune | 220. | 0.81. |
Ihhovisi lokuhlela libonga inkampani "KVE Window Technologies", "Htttroplast", i-Ruhau AG + CO.