Ukubuyekezwa kwemakethe yomshini wokuthunga.
Ukukhethwa okuhlukahlukene kwemishini yokuthunga yasendlini emakethe yethu kunikeza izinkampani ezinjenge-American Pfafse, iSweden HusnQvarna, i-Jaguse mfowethu, i-podome, i-podolsky mechanical Plant (PMZ) nabanye abakhiqizi abakhulu. Banikeza inani elikhulu lemodeli: Ubukhulu obulula nobunzima, obujwayelekile, obujwayelekile kanye ne-compact, ngokulawulwa kwe-elekthroli kanye ne-microprocessor. Endabeni yokugcina, iprosesa yakhelwe ezindlini zomshini futhi ilawula yonke imisebenzi eyenziwe kuyo. Kumamodeli athembisa kakhulu, ungakha izabelo kwikhompyutha yakho (PC). Isibonelo, dala umugqa wakho ngosizo lohlelo olusetshenzisiwe.
Siqhathanisa amamodeli womshini wokuthunga athandwa kakhulu atholakala kwikhawunta futhi enikezwe isitifiketi se-Russian State Standard, iwaranti kanye nenkonzo yangemva kwewaranti. Endleleni, ake sizame ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwala madivaysi anzima avela komunye nomunye. Kepha ngaphansi kwesimo esisodwa: Ukukhetha kokugcina kwemodeli elula kunazo zonke okufanele ukwenze. Futhi: Namuhla akukufanele ukuthenga umshini wokuthunga, njengoba kufakiwe, empilweni. Lungela iqiniso lokuthi eminyakeni eyi-10-15 oyithandayo izovimba isimilo futhi idinga ukushintshwa.
"Inhliziyo" yomshini wokuthunga
Swinging shuttle - Okulula. Isetshenziswa ngemishini eshibhile ngayo yonke amafemu ngaphandle kwe-husqvarna. Isivinini sokuthunga lapho sisebenzisa kuphansi kakhulu, kusebenza kubi kakhulu ngemicu yekhwalithi ephansi. Ubude be-stitch awedluli ku-5 mm. I-bobbin enentambo yenxeba kufanele ifakwe phansi kweplatifomu.
I-shuttle evundlile - Kulula kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-refuel. Ifakwe kusuka ohlangothini olungaphezulu lwepulatifomu futhi ivaliwe ngesembozo esibonakalayo, lapho inani lentambo esele liyabonakala (uma i-bobbin nayo icacile). I-bobbin ayikwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle kokususa intambo endlebeni yenaliti. Kepha lapha ukuze uguqule ukungezwani kwentambo engezansi kulungele hhayi kuyo yonke imidwebo yemishini. Lolu hlobo lwe-shuttle luthandwa kakhulu. Kusetshenziswe yiwo wonke amafemu, ngaphandle kwe-Pfaff kanye neBernina, emishini yokuthunga yezigaba zenani eliphakathi nendawo.
Vertical shuttle - Okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu futhi okubiza kakhulu, okucishe kwaqedela okuqukethwe kwentambo. I-bobbin ayikwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle kokususa indwangu kusuka ngaphansi konyawo. Le shuttle isetshenziswa emishini yokuthunga yezimboni, kanye namamodeli abizayo kusuka ku-pfaff naseBernina.
"Inhliziyo" yomshini wokuthunga - i-shuttle - ukwenze noma i-oscillatory, noma ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. Emishini yasekhaya, kungaba shintshana endizeni eqonde mpo noma ujikeleze indiza evundlile noma mpo. Ukuze kube lula, sizosho: Swinging, evundlile futhi mpo shuttle (okubili kokugcina kubizwa nangokuthi ama-shuout ajikeleze kabili).
Ukungezwani kwentambo ephezulu kufanele kube makhulu kunezinsikazi. Yebo, futhi intambo ephezulu ikhethiwe ngokucophelela, ngoba amandla ayo kwinqubo yokuthunga ancishiswa ngu-15-20%. Lokhu kungenxa yendima eminingi yesigaba ngasinye emuva nakwindlebe yenaliti ekwakhekeni kwemithungo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthola umthungo osezingeni eliphakeme kuyadingeka ukuthi zombili izintambo zihlangana ngaphakathi kokuqukethwe, hhayi ebusweni bawo. Kuya ngesimo sokungezwani kwawo. Ukungezwani kwentambo ephezulu kulawulwa ngokuguqula idiski ekhethekile etholakala kwiphaneli yangaphambili yomshini, ngonyawo lwehlise olwehlisiwe. Isimo esijwayelekile sediski sivame ukukhonjiswa ngokuthi "auto", sihambisana nokwelula okuvame ukusetshenziswa.
Ngokuqondene nentambo ephansi, ukungezwani kwayo kushintshiwe ngokuguqula isikulufa emshinini we-shuttle, okulula kunokushintsha intambo ephezulu, kepha kuyadingeka kaningi. Isibonelo, lapho uthatha indawo yentambo ephansi yenombolo engu-50 kuya ku-10 ku-shuttle shuttle shutter, umhlobiso we-5018 wokuthunga (i-janome) kumele abe buthaka kancane yintwasahlobo eyisicaba. Akudingekile ukususa i-tiploader emotweni.
Ukwemukelwa "Ukuqala okusheshayo" kwenza lula ukusebenza kokukhishwa nokubekwa epuletini yenaliti ye-node-threp nge-5-8 cm. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala komthungo ngamunye kungavinjelwe. Ezikhaleni zikaMfowethu nge-shuttle evundlile, kwanele ukufeza intambo engezansi ngesilayidi esinikezwe ngokukhethekile epuletini yenaliti ngensimbi ebukhali, kushiye i-bobbin, nje kudingekile.
Imisipha nomshini wokuthunga wekhanda
Imishini yokuthunga ihlukile komunye nomunye hhayi kuphela "ngenhliziyo" - shuttle, kepha futhi "izicubu" - idrayivu kanye "nekhanda" - ukulawula.
I-Drayivu yomshini ingumshini (ibhukwana noma unyawo) nogesi. Ogogo bethu bavame ukuzungeza isibambo sokuqala, ngokwezimoniso ezungeza isibambo sobambo noma bashube umshini wokuthunga (hhayi ngoba, ngokwezibalo, uhhafu wesizukulwane sokugcina wavela kangaphezu kwamadoda?). Kumamodeli wanamuhla sebenzisa idrayivu kagesi. Akuvumeli nje kuphela ukukhulula izandla zombili, kepha futhi nomthelela nesivinini sokuthunga ngonyawo olucindezelayo kancane ku-pedal ekhethekile. Okwezimoto zasendlini zisebenzisa i-Electric Motors enesilinganiso esingu-50 kuye kwangama-90 w, kodwa kumamodeli amaningi kungama-60 noma 70 W. Cabanga, icala libonisa leli nani, kepha amandla afakiwe omshini wonke.
Ungalawula ukuthunga emshinini wokuthunga usebenzisa ama-electromechanical noma ama-elekthronikhi. Ngakho-ke, izakhi ze-elekthronikhi zizoqinisekisa ukuma kwenjini, noma ngabe i-pedal icindezelwa esimweni esiqinile (izikhonkwane, ama-fasteners). Futhi, ngokwesibonelo, amamodeli we-fantasy 977 noma ama-fantasy 979 we-jaguar ngasikhathi sinye, futhi amahlandla amathathu "wakhala". Endabeni yokuvuselelwa kokuthunga, nganoma yisiphi isizathu (ake sithi, ngenxa yokubhekwa kwesisekelo sezinyawo), inaliti izoma ejwayelekile endaweni ephezulu kakhulu, ebhekwa njengefanele ngokwemigomo yokuphepha. Kodwa-ke, uma ufisa, ungabeka ukuma nangesikhundla esiphansi kakhulu.
Ama-elekthronikhi awagcinanga kuphela ukuzungeza umbuthano wemisebenzi ephethwe, kodwa futhi uvunyelwe ukulawula ukunemba kokubulawa kwabo. Ngakho-ke, imishini yokuthunga "ethuthukisiwe" ethuthukile kakhulu enezilawuli ze-microprocessor iyakwazi ukwenza izinhlelo ezidwetshwe kwi-PC ngokuzibandakanya kolwazi oluvela kwi-Intanethi.
Ukwenza lula incazelo yemishini ehlukahlukene, sikhathazekile ngezinhlobo ezimbili: I - Ngokulawula i-Electromonechanical kanye ne-II - nge-Microprocessor Control.
Cishe yonke imishini ye-imishini ngibeka imoto ye-AC, ibalwe ku-voltage 220 V. Kumamodeli we-Type II (12, 24 noma 28 v) Ama-VC motors asetshenziswayo. Ngosizo lwabo, kulula kakhulu ukwandisa amakhono omshini. Isibonelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi yenaliti ephezulu kwindwangu ngisho nesivinini esiphansi sokuthunga. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ukusebenza ngosilika omncane, izinto zesikhumba ezisongelwe ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa zendwangu ye-denim, indlela eya endodeni eminyene.
Sigcizelela ukuthi akukho ukuhlukaniswa okukodwa kwemishini yokuthunga yasendlini okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, i-pfaff eqinile ihlukanisa abathengi abangahle ngokwezinga lokulungiselela amaqembu amabili: Wabasaqalayo (abazithandayo) kanye nabaqeqeshiwe (ochwepheshe). Ngamunye wabo unikeza imishini yokuthunga ngamakhono abo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye babathengi bethu basetshenziswa ngephutha nguchwepheshe wamagama esiNgisi hhayi kumathuba womshini wokuthunga, kodwa emkhakheni wokusebenza kwawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, imodeli yalolu photo isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo samanje, njengelineni lokulala. Yini engakanikezwanga ngumenzi wemishini.
Ingomane Ukulawulwa kwe-Electromokhechamical Shintsha amandla okuxineka kwentambo nengcindezi yama-paws endwangu, setha usayizi wokuthunga, ukukhetha umbono womugqa ngesandla. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuguqula idiski yokulawula noma ukufuduka kwesilayida, noma ukuphakamisa kanye nokunciphisa i-lever. Ingxenye yokunyakaza kungenziwa nge-elekthronikhi ngemuva kokucindezela ukhiye ohambisanayo osephaneli langaphambili lomshini (ngokwesibonelo, inaliti lima esimweni esiphezulu kakhulu).
Ukulawulwa kwe-Microprocessor Kuyenzeka kokuzimele futhi kuyahambisana ne-PC. Kodwa-ke, noma yimuphi wabo akuvumela ukuthi uxhumanise iningi lemisebenzi yomshini wokuthunga, futhi cishe zonke izinqubo zenziwa ngokucindezela ukhiye ohambisanayo. Isibonakaliso sangaphandle salolu hlobo lokulawula - ukuba khona kombukiso wolwazi owuketshezi. Akukwazi ukugqamisa kuphela amanani wepharamitha afakiwe (ngokwesibonelo, ukubuka nosayizi we-stitch kubulawa), kepha futhi kusho iphutha elingaba khona futhi linikeze umbono. Kuyinto elula ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala komshini kanye nokuba khona kobukhona obanele. Ake sithi, esimweni se-paw ephakanyisiwe kwimodi yokuqopha ye-hinge ekubonisweni kwememori yomshini wokuthunga izikebhe ezingama-4800 zamafemu aseJanome, kuzovela umyalezo: "Yehlisa izinyawo ze-hange."
Ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kokuphathwa kwama-microprocessor kuholele ekudalweni komshini wokuthunga kanye nokufekethisa okuhambisana ne-PC. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuphoqeleke ukuthi kwenze inaliti ukwenza noma yimuphi umugqa. Ngidinga nje ukuza kuqala ngohlelo olukhethekile kwi-PC yakho yasekhaya, bese ngibhala kabusha kwimemori ye-microprocessor (ngqo ngesixhumi noma ngediski yefloppy).
Ekuncomeni kwe-Elelfort LLC, okuhweba ngemishini yokuthunga yasendlini cishe kuyo yonke le nkampani engenhla, ekuhlelweni kwetafula elivela kwizici eziningi, kukhethwe eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela.
| Ukukhiqiza Inkampani | Isifanekiso | Uhlobo | Izici | Intengo, $ | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| okukodwa | 2. | 3. | okune | isihlanu | 6. | 7. | isishiyagalombili | ||||
| Ipfafefe | Hobby 1020/1030/1040 | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 7/15/23 | - | - | - | okune | - | 60/180/200. |
| Varimatic 6085/6091 | I. | phakathi kwa- | 6 (5) | 21. | - | - | - | okune | - | 330/410 | |
| I-Tipmatic 6122/6152. | I. | phakathi kwa- | 6 (5) | 30/70 | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 420/500. | |
| I-Tiptronic 2020/2040. | II. | phakathi kwa- | 6 (6) | 47/180. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 600/850 | |
| I-Creative 7570. | II. | phakathi kwa- | 6 (9) | Ngaphezulu kwama-500. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 1840 * | |
| Umculi. | Alpha 342/343/345 | I. | kwa- | 4.5 (5) | 2/5/5 | - | - | - | 4/1/4. | - | 140/160/152. |
| I-Omega 9810/9818/9836 | I. | G. | 5 (6) | 10/18/36. | - | - | - | okune | - | 168/180/195 | |
| Chic 4662. | I. | G. | 5 (6) | Okuthenyalwayo | - | - | - | okune | - | 230. | |
| Concerto 9217/9224/9240. | I. | G. | 5 (6) | 17/24/40 | - | - | +. | okukodwa | +. | 295/320/354 | |
| Mfowethu. | Px 100/200/300 | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 15/17/30 | - | - | - | okukodwa | - | 155/185/190. |
| I-PS 31/33/35 | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 12/15/20. | - | - | +. | 4/1/1. | - | 160/166/172. | |
| Inkanyezi 120e / 130e / 140e | I. | G. | 4 (5) | 26/37/37 | +. | - | +. | okukodwa | +. | 300/330/370 | |
| I-M-955 / M-965 | II. | G. | 5 (7) | 300/400 | +. | - | +. | okukodwa | +. | 600/850 | |
| Super galaxie 2100/3000 | II. | G. | 9 (7) | 1000/1500. | +. | - | +. | okukodwa | +. | 1890 * / 2600 * | |
| Jaguar. | I-415 super | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | Okuqophele imali | - | - | - | okune | - | 150. |
| 383/386. | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 21/26 | - | +. | - | isihlanu | - / +. | 176/195 | |
| I-Fantasy 970. | I. | G. | 5 (6.5) | Okuqophele imali | - | +. | - | isihlanu | - | 172. | |
| I-Fantasy 972/976. | I. | G. | 5 (6.5) | 14/28. | - | +. | - | okukodwa | +. | 188/240 | |
| I-Fantasy 977/979 | I. | G. | 5 (6.5) | 28/39 | +. | +. | - | okukodwa | +. | 250/275 | |
| UJanome. | J 394. | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 21. | - | +. | - | okune | - | 174. |
| J 5540. | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | ishumi nane | - | - | - | okune | - | 138. | |
| I-US 2014/2022. | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 14/22 | - | - | - | 4/1. | - | Ngo-185/10 | |
| Jem igolide. | I. | G. | 4 (5) | Okuqophele imali | - | - | - | okune | - | 150. | |
| Ukuhlobisa 5124. | I. | G. | 4 (6) | 24. | +. | +. | - | okukodwa | +. | 363. | |
| Imemori Craft 3500/4800. | II. | G. | 5 (7) | 50/99 | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 500/630 | |
| Imemori Craft 10000. | II. | G. | 5 (7) | Ngaphezulu kwe-1000. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 2000 * | |
| Bernina. | IBernette 50/60 | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 11/15 | - | - | +. | okune | - | 160/185 |
| UBernete 70/75 | I. | kwa- | 4 (5) | 13/21 | - | - | +. | okukodwa | - / +. | 200/2020 | |
| Bernina 1008. | I. | kwa- | 5 (5) | 17. | - | - | +. | 6. | - | 400. | |
| Activa 140. | II. | phakathi kwa- | 5 (5.5) | 23. | - | +. | +. | okukodwa | - | 610. | |
| I-Virtuosa 160. | II. | phakathi kwa- | 5 (5.5) | 48 (+180) | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 825 * | |
| Artista 180. | II. | phakathi kwa- | 5 (9) | 500. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 1550 * | |
| Elna. | 2003/2005/2007 | I. | kwa- | 4 (6) | 11/15/20 | - | +. | - | 4/1/1. | - / + / + | 198/22/240. |
| 3003. | I. | G. | 4 (6) | ishumi nesithupha | +. | +. | - | okukodwa | +. | 275. | |
| 6005. | II. | G. | 5 (7) | 238. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 665. | |
| Husqvarna. | Daisy 325/335 | I. | G. | 6 (5.5) | 15/25 | - | +. | +. | okune | - | 340/380 |
| I-Fresia 415/425 | II. | G. | 6 (6) | 16/30 | - | +. | +. | okukodwa | - | 470/520. | |
| Lily 535. | II. | G. | 6 (6) | amashumi amathathu | - | +. | +. | okukodwa | - | 600. | |
| Lily 545/555. | II. | G. | 6 (6) | 80/240. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | - | 650/730. | |
| Rose 605. | II. | G. | 6 (6) | 120. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | - | 1390. | |
| I-desiner 1. | II. | G. | 6 (6) | Ngaphezulu kwama-500. | +. | +. | +. | okukodwa | +. | 3200 * |
* - Iyahambisana ne-PC (izindleko ngaphandle kwesoftware)
Izincazelo etafuleni:
1 - Uhlobo lwe-shuttle ( kwa- - Ukujikisa, G. - avundlile, phakathi kwa- - mpo);
2 - Ubude obuphezulu bokuthula okuqondile (ububanzi besiteshini esimisiwe), mm;
I-3 - inani lezinhlobo zemigqa (ukusebenza);
4 - Ukushintshwa kwesivinini sokuthunga;
I-5 - Ukucindezela Umlawuli Wengcindezi ngendwangu;
6 - Ukwemukelwa "Isiqalo Esisheshayo";
7 - Inani lezinyathelo lapho i-loop efihliwe; 8 - Ithiphu yentambo ephezulu.
Ukuphathwa kokusebenza okuyinhloko
Indawo yezinqubo zokulawula kufanele kube lula noma okungenani kungacasuli. Kungakho uhlobo olufanayo lwamamodeli wezinkampani ezihlukene luhlukaniswa ikakhulukazi ngesikhundla sephaneli yokulawula. Umsebenzisi ngamunye uthola ithuba lokukhetha ukubekwa okulula kwezinkinobho, amadiski nama-levers.Izinhlobo zomugqa Ungakhetha kusuka kumenyu yomshini wokuthunga. Ziboniswe kusetshenziswa izinhlamvu kungaba kwiphaneli yangaphambili, noma ngaphansi kwesembozo sokugoqa esiphezulu noma esibonisweni. Bala inani lezinketho zesitaki akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba amanye amafemu aqoshwa hhayi imigqa, kepha ukusebenza. Esigabeni sesibili, munye kanye nomugqa ofanayo kuyabhekwa kaninginingi, ngokwesibonelo: umugqa oqondile, uqonde ngenalithi eshiywe ngenaliti, uqonde ngqo enalithi. Isibonelo, kumfowetha we-Machine Model PS-35 Company, inani lemigqa 20, kanye nokusebenza - 35. Kumashini we-Type II, kuphela inani lokusebenza elibheka ukuqaliswa kanye ne-rubber loop yamafomu ahlukene (nge Amakhona ayindilinga, nge- "Eye" njll.), kanye nezinhlamvu zokufekethisa kwezilimi eziningi emiklamo ehlukene.
Umugqa ojwayelekile we-shuttle stitches cishe awelulwa ngobude. Ngakho-ke, ngokuthunga izicubu zokuthunga, ezinjengezimbali, ziphendukela kulayini obizwa ngokuthi yi-multicolor line. Ukwenza, inaliti yenza phansi ihamba ngokuvamile - imijovo eminingi lapho wenza umugqa, okunwebeka kakhulu. Kumenyu yohlobo lwe-Type II imigqa enjalo ihlala yanele. Kepha ukuthenga uhlobo olushibhile i-i umshini, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza inombolo yabo kwimenyu.
Ubude nobubanzi Isiteki kuyo yonke imishini 'singahlelwa', kepha ukungabikho kwazo okuphezulu komlawuli, futhi ku-Type II Machines, ingcindezi esenqubweni yokuthunga iyashintsha. Qaphela ukuthi uMlawuli we-elekthronikhi uhlinzekwa kuphela kumamodeli abiza kakhulu. Ukuthenga ukuklama umshini wokuthunga kwenziwa eYurophu kusukela lapho uLeonardo da Vinci. Kodwa-ke, ngixazulula inkinga ngempela lenkinga ye-Jesty J. Madersmanger, ehlongozwe ngo-1814: Ukuphonsa iso ekusunguleni intambo eduze komphetho wenaliti, futhi hhayi njengenaliti yokuthunga yenaliti. Lesi sinyathelo sidluliselwe kwabaseMelika, kwathi ngo-1845, u-E. Khow wasungula indlela yokuvalwa kwe-shuttle, evunyelwe ukubambezela ngokuzenzakalelayo i-rand loop ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-titches emihlanu ngomzuzwana. Kwakungu-E. Khow lokho kungenakuhlonishwa kubhekwa njengoYise womshini wokuqala wokuthunga. Ngo-1851, u-A. Wilson kanye nami. UM. UM. UM. UM. M. UZinger wathuthukisa indlela, esebenzisa i-paw ehlanganayo kanye nojantshi wegiya, ekhuphuka futhi wehlise emaphethelweni epuleti yenaliti. Ngakho-ke, okuphakelayo kwendwangu yokuhlangana kwanikezwa ekuthuyeni. Kamuva, ujantshi waguqulwa waba yindlela yokuthuthuka kwendwangu, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-conveyor.
Ngo-1862, kwakhiqizwa umshini wokuthunga eJalimane I. M. Pfaff, ngonyaka we-1872 - eSweden esitshalweni se-husqvarna isikhali. E-Russia, kwakhishwa umshini wokuthunga wasekhaya wasekhaya ngo-1902 esifundeni saseMoscow ePodolsk ngaphansi komhlangano womculi futhi wabiza umndeni.
Ukuphakamisa udoti omkhulu Kubalulekile lapho uthunga izinto ezikhethekile ezinjengedrape, i-tarpaulin, isikhumba. Kuwo wonke amamodeli wesimanje, i-paw ingaphakanyiswa ngaphezu kokuphakama okujwayelekile kwe-5 mm (ngokwesibonelo, ngo-7, 8, 11, no-12 mm). Kulabo abathengi abahlose ukuthunga imikhiqizo ye-denim yendwangu kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlaziya (ukufutheka), izicelo zamafomu noma izingcezwana ezivela ku-patchwork), kuphakama i-boost lelug - ngcono.
Ukushintshwa kwesivinini kwejubane Ukuthunga kuhlinzekwa kuwo wonke amamodeli emishini ukuthola ithonya ekuzuzeni imvamisa yokujikeleza komshini. Kumamodeli abizayo kakhulu ukuze kube lula futhi kube nebanga lejubane lokuthunga, elisemshini uqobo. Imishini eshibhile kaJanome ingathengwa ngo- $ 30 sokuthunga isivinini sokushintsha ngesikhundla esakhelwe ngaphakathi ("okusheshayo" kanye "nokuhamba kancane") ukushintshwa kwamabanga.
Inkinobho yerabha Emshini wokuthunga wesimanje, kwenziwa ngenye yezindlela ezimbili: izinyathelo ezimbalwa (kaningi kune-4) noma eyodwa. Esimweni sokuqala, i-loop yakhiwa ngezinyathelo ezingaguquki ngaphandle kokuguqula indwangu: Ukuthunga phambili - Ukulungisa - Ukuthunga emuva - Ukuthunga emuva - Ukungena emuva - Kuphange - Ukubuyela emuva - Ukungena emuva - Ukungena emuva Ukukhishwa kuyimodeli yeSiculi senkampani ye-Alpha 342 ne-Alpha 345, lapho indwangu ngemuva kwesinyathelo ngasinye ijikelezwa. Esimweni sesibili, inkinobho iyadingeka ukufaka inkinobho lapho kuklanywe khona i-loop, futhi umshini uzosusa usayizi futhi wenza njalo ngazo zonke izinyathelo ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza. Kodwa-ke, izihibe ezinkulu (ngaphezulu kuka-50 mm) ngemishini yazo zombili lezi zinhlobo zenza izinyathelo ezimbalwa kuphela.
Kusukela lapho uqhubekela phambili phambili naphambili, uphawu olunobuningi obuhlukile lwemithungo luyatholakala, bese kusetshenziswa imishini eminingi ithuluzi lokuguqula ukulungiswa kwalo. Kepha kukhona ama-nuances lapha. Ngakho-ke, kumamodeli amathathu ezimoto zaseJaguar, uphawu lwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezi-5, naseBernina 100 Car, Bernina - Izinyathelo ezi-6. Kulokhu, zombili izinhlangothi ze-loop zicutshungulwa kuphela lapho izinto ezibonakalayo ziqhubekela phambili. Ngenxa yalokhu, ubuningi bama-stitches buyafana, obususa isidingo sokufaka idivaysi ekhethekile eyengeziwe.
Ukubuyela emuva kwenjini kusetshenziswa ekugcineni komthungo ngakunye ukuqinisa intambo, ngakho-ke ukhiye wokubuyela emuva kunoma yimuphi umshini. Lolu ke ukhiye kufanele luhlale lukhona, udinga nje ukulicindezela ngomunwe wakho. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemishini ukumisa okuhlanekezelwe, kuyadingeka ukususa umunwe kukhiye. Kepha emishinini yohlobo lwe-II - ngokwesibonelo, i-Husqvarna - ukusebenza kuzomiswa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi icindezelwe kaninginingi.
Amadivayisi angeziwe awusizo
Ubukhulu obuphelele kanye nokuvela komshini wesimanje wokuthunga cishe wathatha ngokuphelele ukwakheka ekwazini kwabathengi nabakhiqizi. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo zamamodeli amafemu ahlukene abukeka njengodadewamawele. Kepha nanti amadivaysi angeziwe ahlinzeka ngokusetshenziswa kalula komshini, akukho esimweni ngasinye noma ahluka.
Landa Inaliti yenzelwe ukwenza lula enye yezinqubo "eziphansi" kakhulu ", ezicasulayo ikakhulukazi, uma ushesha, noma zinzima uma ungaboni kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, amamodeli amaningi futhi amaningi anikezwa amandla amancane. Intambo ngemuva kwePrenivator idinga ukubopha ngemuva kwezingwegwe zabameli bese iguqula i-lever ekhethekile. Intambo izocindezela izindlebe zenaliti, futhi uzoba nokudonsa kancane i-loop ephumela.
Indawo yokuqhudelana Yonke imishini yokuthunga iyakwazi ukuguqula. Enye yezingxenye zayo inwetshiwe, isuswe noma igoqwe phansi, ukuvula insiza ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Sleeve yamahhala. Kungukusekelwa okuncane lapho ungagqoka khona umkhono, cuff, sock noma enye ingxenye yomkhiqizo wokuthunga odinga ukucutshungulwa uzungeze umbuthano. Ububanzi obuncane bento egqokile buvame ukuba ngu-8.5 cm, futhi ibanga elisuka enaliti liye kwi-rack kusuka kumamodeli ahlukene lihlukile: kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-18 cm (okuphezulu - emishinini ye-husqvarna).
Ingxenye ekhiphekayo yepulatifomu Yenza ikhabethe lokugcina izesekeli ezisele
I-Metal-Ceramic isekela Ezingxenyeni ezijikelezayo ezijikelezayo zomuthi, zifakwe kumamodeli amaningi, ngakho-ke umnikazi angahle angakhathazeki ngokuthambekela ngezikhathi ezithile. Iwindi lomshini lihlala lenziwa ngensimbi, kepha umzimba walo wokuhlobisa ungaba yiplastiki, insimbi noma ehlanganisiwe (iphaneli yangaphambili yeplastiki (kanye nephaneli yangaphambili yensimbi).
Icala lepulasitiki Ukuvala umshini we-Triver I umshini kuhlinzekwa ngohlobo olunzima noma oluthambile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ungathatha indawo ethambile kunzima, ukhokha u- $ 5-7. Imishini ye-Typ II ifakwe izembozo eziqinile.
Imicu, izinaliti kanye nemilenze
Izinga lentambo kufanele likhokhelwe ukubheka, ikakhulukazi ngohlelo lokungezwani okuzenzakalelayo emishini yokulawula ama-microprocessor. Kungcono ukukhipha kusuka ekusebenziseni imicu ye- "Shaggy", eshaya i-vala injini. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, i-LLC "GRAZI-F" yokuhambisa ukuthunga, ilungele imicu enobunzima obuncane kanye ne-Uniform, ukotini nge-polyermester noma isilika (isibonelo I-Strong and Rainbow, isiPolish - Talia ne-ERA).Uhlobo nobukhulu benaliti ngohlobo ngalunye lwendaba, kanye nezincomo zokukhethwa kwenombolo efanelekile yemicu zinikezwa kule ncwadi yokusebenzisa umshini wokuthunga. Kuchazwa nokuthi ukusebenza ngesikhumba, i-knitwear, i-denim nezinye izinto ezithile zidinga izinaliti ngokulola okukhethekile kwethiphu. Kunoma yimuphi umshini wokuthunga, inaliti ephindwe kabili ingafakwa emithungo emibili ehambisanayo. Udinga nje ukusebenzisa enye induku ukufaka ikhoyili yesibili. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza izici zama-paw angeziwe anamathiselwe emotweni (kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-9), kanye nezindlela zokufakwa kwazo. Amanye amafemu anikeza ngisho nethuba lokukhetha amanye awo lapho uthenga imoto. Ngendlela, esitolo, cela ukuhambisana komthengisi kwemoto ngama-paws ahlinzekwa amanye amafemu. Namuhla, bonke abakhiqizi benza ama-paws adla ngokushesha - ukufakwa kwenziwa ngokoqobo kumasekhondi ama-2-3.
"Ingqungquthela" enophawu
Ama-Firms ambalwa anikela ngezixazululo ezengeziwe zobunjiniyela bokuqala abaluhlobo lwabakhiqizi bebhizinisi. Ngaphandle kwalezi "zinto" ezihlupha ", kunjalo, kungenzeka futhi zingenza, kepha yeka ukuthi ungasebenzisi kanjani" umugqa "owenzelwe ukwenza lula ukusetshenziswa komshini wokuthunga! Kuliqiniso, noma yimuphi "umugqa" onjalo ngandlela-thile wandisa inani lawo. Masihlale kwabanye babo.
Izimoto ze-Singer zingahlonyiswa ngenaliti ethambekele, edala ingcindezi yenaliti efanele ngenxa yokungena kwayo kokuqukethwe engela, futhi hhayi ngokuqondile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngokuya ngesitatimende senkampani, izicubu eziwugqinsi zilula ukwedlula lapho inaliti ilungile. Isici sesibili singaba yi-pneumopedal (esikhundleni sesivinini esijwayelekile sokuthunga ngokulawulwa ngogesi). Ikakhulu idivaysi enjalo ilungele abantu abasebenza ngokhonkolo abanovalo izingozi zomonakalo kwalokhu, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yomonakalo ngengozi kupayipi kagesi, ngoba i-volumage ye-pneumatal ayihlinzekiwe. Ichibi elithambekele ne-pneumopedal lifakwe amamodeli weCoC 4662 nochungechunge lwekhonsathi.
Izinhlobo eziningi zemishini ye-pfaff zifakwe i-IDT Tonveyor (i-Integrayeli-Trapp Porport, noma i-synchronous ntambana exazulula). Inomhla wesibili owakhelwe ngaphakathi ngamazinyo, okungeziwe okucindezela indwangu futhi iqede ukusulwa kwesendlalelo esisodwa sesihlobo sayo kwenye. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho ukuthunga izinto ezincanyana (usilika, i-viscose), ukuze kube nokuhlangana okuphelele komdwebo wezicubu ezinemichilo nezibhekisile noma ukuthunga ngaphandle kokuzilibazisa kwangaphambilini. Uhlelo lwe-IDT lufakiwe kumamodeli we-varimatic 6091, ama-tipmatic 6122, i-tiptronic 2020 kanye ne-Creative 7570. Ukuthunga imishini yamanye amafemu, ukuhambisa okuphezulu kuzodingeka ukuthi kuthengwe noma kunesidingo esikhundleni sonyawo lwe-Press.
UHusqvarna noBernina bahlinzeka ngetafula lomshini wokuthunga, livumela ukwandisa indawo yesikhulumi. Kunamathiselwe ngqo endaweni yesikhulumi.
Eminye imishini yeBernina ifakwe idivaysi ye-FHS Mechanical (uhlelo lwezandla lwamahhala, noma "izandla zamahhala") ngesimo se-lever. Ivumela i-One Knee Movement ukuphakamisa unyawo lwe-Presster Foot futhi ngasikhathi sinye wehlise isihambisi, kanti zombili izandla zihlala zikhululekile. Lolu hlelo luyatholakala ku-activa 140, ama-Virtuosa 160 nama-Artista 180 amamodeli.
Onke amadivayisi angenhla awafakiwe kumkhiqizo wenkampani ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, i-praff 6091 ye-PAVAFT ye-PAVAFS ifakwe uhlelo lwe-IDT, futhi imodeli ye-variatic varimatic 6085 ayinjalo, ngenxa yalokho $ 80 eshibhile.
Umshini wokuthunga ohambisanayo we-PC
I-microprocessor izokhumbula imininingwane edingekayo futhi iwususe kusuka kumyalo eqenjini. Isibonelo, lapho ukuphindaphinda, ngemuva kwesikhashana, ukuthunga kwanoma yiziphi izicubu akudingeki kukhethwe ngokukhethwa kwentambo, usayizi womugqa, amandla wengxabano yentambo ephezulu, ijubane lenqubo. Konke lokhu kungabuyiselwa esibukweni, futhi umshini uzowufeza ngokuzenzakalelayo umsebenzi.Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga umshini onesibonisi sekristalu ewuketshezi, cela ukuthi ulwazi lwethulwa kanjani kulo - ngophawu lwencwadi engokomfanekiso. Esimweni sesibili, isibonisi kumele sishiswe. Uma kungenjalo, umnikazi kuzofanela afunde amagama amaningi wokuthunga ngesiNgisi. Imigqa yenziwa ngobuningi bemithungo yomuntu ngamunye engavinjwa noma chain. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, okokuqala kusetshenziswa emishini yokuthunga yohlanga, kanti owesibili - ku-stitoles (overlock).
Ngokuqalwa kwesiteki se-shuttle, kusetshenziswa imicu emibili - ephezulu nangaphansi. Inaliti ngentambo ephezulu ihamba phansi, futhi i-shuttle enenxeba eliphansi ku-bobbin lishintshashintsha noma lijikeleze ngaphansi kwepuleti yenaliti lapho indwangu yamanga khona. Lapho ukwehla inaliti kuhlaba umkhosi wendwangu bese kudlula kuyo intambo ephezulu, kwakha loop kusuka ohlangothini olungafanele. I-shuttle ithumba le loop bese ishayela i-spitcher kanye ne-bobbins, ibopha imicu. Lapho-ke umbhali we-pylideriter ulwa intambo ephezulu kwikhoyili, udonsa loop kusuka ku-bobbin futhi uhlebalaze isiteki, ngemuva kwalokho umdluliseli ushukumisela indwangu ebudweni. Umsebenzi wazo zonke izindlela uhambisana nosizo lwe-SAFT ejikelezayo enkulu.
I-Super Galaxie 3000 Model Display, Imemori Craft 10000 futhi i-Despener 1 ayigcini nje ngokukhiqiza yonke into ngombala, kodwa futhi iqukethe izinkinobho zokulawula izinzwa - ukuthinta okulula ngokwanele kunoma iyiphi yazo.
Inzuzo yale ndlela yokulawula umshini iyabonakala ikakhulukazi lapho isetshenziselwa ukufekethisa. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ungathatha idiski yefloppy ngesakhiwo esifanele, ubhale kabusha umshini ukukhumbula ama-microprocessor, futhi uzoyicindezela ngemicu yaleyo mibala egcwaliswe ngokuhlukile enaliti. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli athembisa kakhulu wohlobo II ahlome ngedivayisi yokuqopha imininingwane nge-floppy disk ukusindisa ngohlobo lomtapo wezincwadi. Kumamodeli ngamunye we-desiner 1, i-Super Galaxie 3000, i-Super Galaxie 2100, I-Creative 7570, I-Instalta 180, i-Artista 180, ungakha umtapo wezincwadi obanzi wezindawo ezinjalo ama-diskette.
Izibopho zewaranti
Amanye amafemu ahlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso sesigaba esinezitezi ezimbili zemishini yokuthunga: izinyanga eziyi-6 nelungelo lokushintsha umshini kanye nezinyanga eziyi-12 noma eziyi-18 - ngaphandle kwelungelo elinjalo, kepha ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwamahhala. UHusqvarna unikeza iwaranti yesigaba esisodwa iminyaka engu-2, ne-jaguar - ku-3. Iqiniso, uma kwenzeka kulungiswa ngonyaka wesithathu, kuphela umsebenzi we-Master uzoba mahhala, kepha hhayi izingxenye ezisele. I-Bernina 1008 iModel Bernina inika isiqinisekiso seminyaka emi-5 eminingi.
Iwaranti isebenza kuphela uma umhlangano wokuthunga wamakhaya wakhonza amalungu omndeni owodwa, hhayi abaqashi bendlu yonke.
Umshini wokuthunga ungenziwa ngokuqondile ezweni elithile lomenzi futhi kwesinye isifunda, imvamisa evame kakhulu. Kulabo abanesifiso sokuthi lokhu kuthinta kanjani ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo, i-LLC Firm Zinmost ihola isibonelo esinjalo: Umshini weBernina 1008 WENA WAWUSTINI WENDLELA ESIPHELELELEKILE E-THAILL.