Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Anonim

I-Draft Country Cottage: Imidwebo edingekayo yokuxhumana, izidingo zezinto ngazinye zendlu.

Yini oyidingayo indlu? 14958_1

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Ngakho-ke, sakha indlu ngezandla zakho. Ngemuva kokucabanga, izingxoxo, imikhandlu yokukhethwa komhlaba, imishini yayo kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuthi isikhathi sokuxoxa ngemibuzo ngokukhetha ikhaya lakho, noma kunalokho okuzokwakhiwa ngayo. Le phrojekthi yimbuzo onokwethenjelwa: Sakha iminyaka eminingi, futhi kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokwakha kabusha, okuhlobene nokuphazamiseka okukhulu nezindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo kube mincane.

Masinyane, ngizophawula ngokushesha ukuthi isiqubulo esinzulu "esakhelwe ngekhulu leminyaka" asihambelani nokubukwa kwanamuhla kanye nezidingo zezempi kanye nokwakhiwa, ikakhulukazi lokhu akufanelekela izindlu. Umuntu wanamuhla wakha indlu ngezandla zakhe njengesikhumbuzo, kodwa njengendlu, lapho ungathanda ukufeza khona.

I-socomotive yokuqala yeSteam yeStefanson yakhiwa kanjalo ngokholo oluhle lokuthi angasebenza namhlanje, ehamba ngejubane elingaphezu kwe-100 km / h. Kepha akekho oza ekhanda ukuze asebenzise ngesikhathi sethu ezokuhamba. Ngakho-ke imoto, futhi indlu ingukuziphatha nangokomnotho okuvunyelwane ngakho ngokutholwa ngaphambili kunasemzimbeni.

Ngokusho kochwepheshe bezenhlalo ezweni lethu, umuntu ushintsha efulethini lakhe ngokwesilinganiso izikhathi ezi-6-7 ngesikhathi sokuphila. I-AV USA, ngokwesibonelo, kaningi. Kepha lolu lwazi, vele, alusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwakha indlu eqhubekayo, yesikhashana. Ihlala ngakunye nendawo eluhlaza okokoqobo kuyosebenza njengento enhle ezizukulwaneni eziningana.

Ngakho-ke, uqoqa ibhodi lomndeni futhi uthathe isinqumo sokuthi: Hlobo luni lwendlu oyidingayo? Emakamelweni amancane ama-2-3 noma ama-6-7 ngehholo lomlilo nekhishi elikhulu; Kuyadingeka ukuba ube nesitezi esingaphansi, esingaphansi; lapho ungabeka khona "izinsiza" (ukufundisa noma endlini); malini phansi okukodwa, amabili, amathathu; Ingahle ihlele ukusebenzisa indawo ye-attic izakhiwo ze-attic; Ukubeka kuphi igalaji (noma ngabe kuyi-Enamel) - isakhiwo sesizinda, esandisweni noma ngqo esakhiweni sokuhlala; Yimaphi amapharamitha asondele amakamelo, i-Verandas, ukuqondiswa kwabo ezinhlangothini zomhlaba. Inani lezinye izingqinamba lapho kubonakala lunzima ukuthola. Ungalimali, phela, izinkulungwane zabantu zadlula kuyo. Kuyiqiniso, ngaphambi kokuzakhela indlu, kufanele uthathe isinqumo ngezinkinga ezinjalo: ukuthi uzohlala endlini nobusika nakwihlobo, yiziphi izinto ezingokwesiko (zithanda izitini), yikuphi ukubukeka ekhaya ngithanda ukuba nalokho okushoyo. Ungaqonda lezi zinkinga ngempumelelo enkulu uma ufunda kahle le ncwadi. Ngamafuphi, udinga ukwenza uhlelo olufushane olucishe lube nezidingo futhi lufisela indlu ofuna ukuba nayo.

Akunandaba ukuthi uzokwakha indlu "Kwenze ngokwakho" noma uzoqasha abakhi, kufanele ukhethe iphrojekthi ethuthukiswe ochwepheshe, ngoba izindaba ezixazululwa kahle ezihlobene nokuhlela, lula, amandla endlu , ijubane lokwakhiwa kwalo.

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Amaphrojekthi amaningi ajwayelekile aklanyelwe izinto zasendaweni kanye nezimo ezahlukahlukene zesimo sezulu (izindawo zokwakha) ziyathuthukiswa, kanye nezinamba ezahlukahlukene zamakamelo, njll. Kodwa-ke, iphrojekthi ejwayelekile yenzelwe ezinye izimo ezilinganiselwe futhi ayikwazi ukubheka njalo izimo ezithile zokwakha zasendaweni (impumuzo yesiza, ukuqondiswa, imiklamo ekhona, njll.) Nezidingo zomndeni wakho.

Ngenxa yalokho, lapho "ebopha" engxenyeni ethile yephrojekthi ejwayelekile kuyo, akunakugwenywa ukwenza izinguquko eziningi, futhi kaningi ukuze uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde ubhale kabusha (ngokufaka izigwegwe kwezindlu zasehlobo). Muva nje, siqhube ukwakhiwa kwezindlu kumaphrojekthi ajwayelekile afanayo (izakhiwo ezinezitezi ezinhlanu) - lokhu kuvunyelwe ukwenza ushintsho ekuhlanganeni kwefulethi. Kepha kwavela ukuthi bobabili eMoscow, eLeningrad nase-Arkhangelsk, nase-Sochi babonakala "ama-cherymushki afanayo" afanayo. Kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthi acabange ukuthi wonke amaFrance akhiwe ngezindlu ezijwayelekile ezi-conotonous, akulonakiyo ukuhlala emindenini ehlukene, futhi kubi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bashiya ukwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi afanayo ajwayelekile. Ngezakhiwo zokuhlala umuntu ngamunye, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kungenzeka ukwakha ikhaya lakho kwiphrojekthi esetshenzisiwe, eselivele yakhiwe, isijwayele futhi uyayithanda ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, izimo zokuphila ezinempilo kakhulu zizoba kumuntu wokuqala (abesifazane bagweme ngisho nezingubo ezifanayo) indlu eyakhelwe maqondana nohlelo lwakho. Ito ngeke isabizi kakhulu kunokwakha iphrojekthi yomunye umuntu.

Vele, kubalulekile ukuthola umakhi onolwazi futhi ubeke uhlelo lwakho lokuklama, kanye nezinye izimo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo zalolu hlelo zizonikezwa umakhi futhi zihlaziyiselwe ngemuva kwezingxoxo zayo ezihlanganyelwe. Abaqambi kanye nochwepheshe bezokuxhumana bezobunjiniyela bangaxhuma, uma kunesidingo, kamuva, lapho ukwakheka kwezokwakha kuzokwethulwa kwimidwebo.

Yini okufanele iphrojekthi yendlu yakho ngayinye (imidwebo emincane)? Njengomthetho, kuyadingeka ukuba ube:

  • Uhlelo olukhulu lwesayithi elinendawo yazo zonke izakhiwo kanye nokwenza ngcono (ukufakwa, amathrekhi, ingadi kanye nengadi, amafomu amancane wokwakha, njll.) Ngokwesilinganiso se- usayizi wesayithi kanye nezifundo ezifiselekayo zephrojekthi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kukhulu ukwakheka kwesiza kuzosetshenziswa, kuzoba lula kakhulu empilweni yakho yansuku zonke;
  • Amasu wazo zonke izitezi, m 1: 100 noma 1:50;
  • ukusikeka, okunde okunde futhi kuguqulwe (ngezindawo eziphambili, umnyango omkhulu nezitebhisi), m 1: 100 noma 1:50;
  • ama-facade avela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine, m 1: 100 noma 1:50;
  • Ithemba lokubukwa okujwayelekile kwendlu (mhlawumbe) nakwezinye izimo, imidwebo ka-sketched yendlu evela ezinhlangothini ezahlukene;
  • Izisombululo ezakhayo (amasu, izingcezwana zokuncishiswa nezisekelo zezakhiwo), izindonga, ezivinjelwe nezitezi, ama-rafter kanye nophahla, m. 100.

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Imvamisa le midwebo yanele ukuvuma iphrojekthi (amayunithi wokuklama hhayi) nokuqala ukwakha, ikakhulukazi njengoba iphrojekthi yezakhi ngazinye ingahlanganiswa. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye yezakhiwo ingakhonjiswa kwimidwebo yokusikeka, izitezi emidwebeni yezinhlelo. Inothi elihlukile elichazayo kungenzeka lingabi, kepha emdwebeni ngamunye kufanele kube nezincazelo eziyisisekelo nemiyalo yokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi. Ngokwesitezi sokuqala, izinkomba eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe nezomnotho kufanele zinikezwe: Izindawo zokwakha, eziphilayo ezivamile, ezinobukhulu bezindlu, inani elijwayelekile lezindleko, imisebenzi yokwakha, izakhiwo, izinto zokwakha kanye nemishini yobunjiniyela). Imidwebo yama-facades kanye namathemba afiselekayo ukuba nokubulawa kombala, okuzokwenza kube lula ukubonwa kwekhasimende kwayo, kepha kungakatholakali ekhaya.

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Esikhathini esithe xaxa sephrojekthi ngohlobo, kungahle kube nemidwebo yezingcezwana zendlu ngayinye, njengokungena okuyinhloko esakhiweni, i-grille evikela amafasitela. Le midwebo kufanele ibe nkulu, 1: 10; 1:25.

Ekusebenzeni kwanamuhla (ukuze kunamaphutha amancane: Ngemuva kwakho konke, kunzima kakhulu ukuqhubeka, kunzima kakhulu ukuqhubeka, kunzima kakhulu ukuqhubeka, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwenkundla kwamaphrojekthi wezakhiwo. Okokuqala yenza imidwebo, khona-ke iphrojekthi (iphrojekthi yezobuchwepheshe), emva kwalokho, ngemuva kokucatshangelwa okufanele, izimvume nezinsolo, - imibhalo yokusebenza kanye nemidwebo eyenziwe ngayo. I-Vzzhizni akayona njalo, ikhaya lakho lakhiwe ngesisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi eyodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi imidwebo esebenza kahle evunyelwe abaphathi bendawo, futhi abakhi abafanelekayo.

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngeminyaka eminingi ye (kwinombolo yamanje) yokuklama nokwakha, kanye nokubonwa kokuxhashazwa kwezindlu, kuphinde kwaphinde kwaqedwa umnikazi wabo wonke, ngiphinde ngibheke ukuthi ayinangqondo yokugcina Idizayini, ikakhulukazi kusukela ekubusheleni iminyaka yethu ngayinye inenkani (engenzi kahle) yenza umsebenzi wabo wobungcweti.

Enye izeluleko ezincane. Okwesokunene, ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yomsebenzi wokwakha ku-embodiment emvelweni wephrojekthi, ukuphendula okusheshayo nokunekhono kokugaywa kwephrojekthi okungenakugwemeka (ukwakheka kwezimpawu zesigaba, azikho izipewu womthunzi owufunayo, njll.) Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuqondiswa kokugunyazwa okuhlelekile.

Ngakho-ke, sithole kafushane ukuthola izidingo ezihlelekile, kepha ezibaluleke kakhulu zephrojekthi, zicacisiwe, lapho kufanele kube khona imidwebo. UJia wazama ukukukholisa ukuthi kuyazuzisa kakhulu ukwethemba uchwepheshe kunokukwenza ngokwakho. Manje isikhathi sokubheka indlu uqobo, izingxenye zalo kanye nezinto zayo, izidingo zazo, zikhethe kahle ikhambi elifanele lezindlu zakho. Ngifuna ukukhumbuza umuntu ngamunye, kepha ikakhulukazi kusuka ezintweni ezijwayelekile, izinto ezijwayelekile: ziqiniswe amapuleti ukhonkolo noma imishayo, izitini noma amabhlogo kakhonkolo, amafasitela noma iminyango (ipheshana), njll.

Inhlangano yendlu, ukwakheka, inani lendawo yokuhlala kanye nezinye izakhiwo linqunywa inani lamalungu omndeni, ubudlelwano babo, ubudlelwano obuhlobene, izindlela zokuphila. Ngokuyinhloko, ilungu ngalinye lomndeni kufanele linikezwe umbhede waphakade, igumbi elihlukile nelinye ngobukhulu, lapho umuntu angaqoqwa khona ukuxhumana nawo wonke umndeni. Ososayensi abaningi ukuthola inani lamakamelo efulethini babheka lelo fomula n + 1 lifanelekile. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi uma ufuna ukufoyela, chitha umndeni, bese unikeza wonke umuntu ilungu lekamelo, kodwa ngaphandle koyedwa, ojwayelekile.

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

I-Windi Movelieal House House Inani lamakamelo okuhlala kufanele lingabi ngaphansi kwendlu yedolobha. Kulezi zimo zemindeni ephakathi (abantu abangu-3-4) kanye nethembisa okuncane, kufanele kube sekhaya okungenani amakamelo okuhlala amathathu, ngabantu abangu-5-6 - abane, njll. Lapho uhlela isakhiwo somuntu ngamunye sokuhlala (njengesakhiwo), ukubekwa okuthile okuhlobene kumele kulandelwe, i.e. Ukusebenza okusebenzayo, ukuhlukanisa umhlangano endlini endaweni yokuhlala kanye ne-Utility. Kulula, kulula kakhulu futhi ngokwengeziwe kwezomnotho (kwesobunxele kwezimbobo ezindongeni nasezindongeni) - Amapayipi, ama-Risers eqembu lezokuxhumana ebhizinisini ezindaweni ezithile. Manje bakhe izindlu ezinjalo lapho kukhona kuphela izindonga zokuxhumana, kepha kukhona iziqeshana zokuxhumana zobunjiniyela, izitebhisi zokugezela nezitebhisi, futhi ngenxa yezindleko ezinhle, izingxenyeni (amakhabethe akhona) zingashintshwa ngokubona kwayo noma Iseluleko soMkhi Wezakhiwo ngaphandle kokucela ababambisene, ama-Stolyarov, Painers.

Indawo yokuhlala ifaka amakamelo okulala, kanye negumbi lezingane, igumbi elabiwe ngalo, igumbi lokudlela (igumbi lokudlela (igumbi lokudlela ekhishini), i-veranda, ngokuya ngezidingo (Ibhayibheli), amakamelo ezivakashi, njll.

Indawo yokusebenza ifaka: ngaphambili ngegumbi lokugqoka, ikhishi, amakamelo okugeza, amakamelo okugcina, negalaji, i-sauna, igumbi le-boiler namanye amakamelo.

Kubhekiswa kuhlelo lokuchazwa kwencazelo edingekayo yezakhiwo, wena (kanye noMzakhi) Pre-Certive: Ukuthi indlu izoba yisisekelo (noma iphansi noma 2-3 ngaphezulu komhlaba, ingabe kudingeka Hlela i-attic, egaraji. Kungakuhle ukuthi kumongelwe kule phrojekthi iqoqo eliphelele lezakhiwo ozichaze, kodwa ezinye zazo, njengegaraji elinamathiselwe, i-veranda, i-attic, uhlaka lokwakha kamuva, endaweni yesibili. Vele, ngasikhathi sinye indlu yesigaba sokuqala kufanele kube lula impela, kube nokubukeka okuqediwe, ukwakheka okuhle kwezakhiwo.

Ukubeka inkomba

Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqhubeka - ngaphansi kwendlu yonke noma ingxenye yayo, cishe kuzo zonke izimo, noma ngabe amazinga aphezulu aphekiwe, noma kunjalo, azodinga ukunakwa kudivayisi eqinisiwe engangenisi. Idivaysi engaphansi noma phansi komhlaba (okuvuka ngaphezulu kwezinga elihleliwe lomhlaba ngaphezu kwengxenye ukuphakama kwayo) kunenzuzo ngezindlela eziningi. Lapho, ungabeka kahle igumbi lakho le-boiler, iyunithi yokulawulwa kwemishini yezobunjiniyela, indawo yokugezela, indawo yokubhukuda, i-aesi, igcwele ngokuphelele, i-Economical ekusebenzeni, amakamelo akhanyayo lokho kugcina umbuso waphakade wokuhlunga. Emhlabeni, ubuhlakani obungaphansi komhlaba: iziteshi zesitimela, ama-cinema, ezemidlalo, izitolo, amahhovisi athola ukusatshalaliswa okuhle. Okokugcina, okumangazayo futhi okusebenzayo, okuphelele, okuphelele, okuyinkimbinkimbi okuyinkimbinkimbi engaphansi komhlaba ngaphansi kwesikwele se-Manege eMoscow.

Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba "Thritote", i.e. Phansi ophahleni (kusuka ku-1.8 kuye ku-2.4 m), kucishe kutholwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngenxa yokuthi idivaysi yezisekelo zeribhoni yenziwa cishe ekujuleni okufanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokwakha incishiswa kakhulu, amakamelo amaningi ezimayini ahlelwe ebhlokini elilodwa, ekhulula indawo ebalulekile yesitezi sokuqala, izindima ezingeziwe kanye namathrekhi elokwakhiwa kwendawo ayanyamalala.

Vele, esikhundleni sesisekelo esingaphansi noma esingaphansi, kungenzeka ukuthi uzikhawulele ngaphakathi komhlaba ngokuphakama kwe-1.3-1.9m ngokufinyelela nge-hatch. Mhlawumbe kungakuhle uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba esondele ebusweni bomhlaba futhi entula imali yokungena kwamanzi okubizayo. Lapho uhlela indlu eyinkimbinkimbi (ukuwela ngokweqile), ukukhululeka kungukubekwa kwezinga lezilinganiso eziningi zezakhiwo ngokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwesitezi esingaphansi komhlaba phansi, ukwakheka okuhle kwendlu.

Igumbi lokuhlala (ukulala) igumbi

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

It yenzelwe abantu omunye (okungenani 8m2) noma ezimbili (I-umbhangqwana somshado 12-20m2 noma ngaphezulu, noma ngenxa yabantwana bakwa-ubulili eyodwa, uma imibhede asezindaweni eziyizitezi ezimbili). Akufanele kube yindima, indawo yeWindows nomnyango akufanele ivimbezele ukubekwa kwefenisha. Izikhungo zokuhlala zitholakala ezansi ezingaphezulu, kufaka phakathi i-attic. Ukuqagela okuhle kwamafasitela empumalanga naseningizimu kungakapheli isigaba se-70-2000. Ngokusho kwamazinga, okungenani igumbi elilodwa (izingane) amakamelo okulala amakamelo okulala kufanele agxile kulokhu kuthandeka kokubhidlizwa (okuqondile kwe-solar irradiation) uhlangothi lomkhathi; Efulethini lamagumbi angama-4-6, amakamelo amabili.

Kaningi uzibuza: Yimaphi amasayizi okufanele abe namafasitela? Izindlela ezichaza ukuthi isimo sendawo yokuvuleka okukhanyayo (nge-atrochetates) kwawo wonke amakamelo okuhlala kanye nekhishi kuya endaweni yalawa makamelo okungenani 1: 8; Okwe-mansard phansi 1:10. Vele, ngokuya ngezimo (ukuhlanzwa, izindleko, njll.), Ungaqoka futhi ukhethe izikhala, ngokwesibonelo, unalo udonga oluseceleni olunamakhanda odongeni. Izinketho, sizokhuluma ngezilinganiso zamawindi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho ubheka izingqinamba zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zezakhiwo kanye nezinto zangaphakathi. Amafasitela amakamelo asentshonalanga asentshonalanga angaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwaleso sakhiwo.

Ukuphakama kwezindawo zokuhlala "kuhlanzekile" kufanele okungenani kube ngu-2,5 m. Ukuphakama kweLaurest kuvunyelwe esitezi seProshaterna (ngaphansi kwengxenye ethambekele yophahla) endaweni engeqi ku-50% yendawo yalawa makamelo.

Igumbi elijwayelekile

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Uyinto esemqoka endlini (indawo enkulu kunazo zonke eyi-16- 40m2 noma ngaphezulu) kanye ne-multifuncinal: kungaba igumbi lokuhlala, igumbi lokudlela le-parade, indawo yomlilo; ingahlukaniswa noma idlulile; Ngokuvuleka futhi awunazo izigqoko zeminyango. Ukuxhumana kwamakamelo ajwayelekile nelokulala kwenziwa ngekhoseji noma esitebhisini. Ukuba nomnyango ngqo kusuka egumbini elijwayelekile egumbini lokulala akulona iqiniso: umsindo, imisindo yomsakazo, i-TV iphazamise ukulala noma umsebenzi. Igumbi elijwayelekile lingaba ngumondo, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokubekwa kwefenisha, ama-shrinds weselula, ahlukaniswe ngezindawo ezisebenzayo (indawo yokudlela, indawo yomlilo, imidlalo yezingane); Akufanele kube nezindlela ezingadingekile zokuhamba. Ikakhulu ihlangana phakathi kwayo, futhi hhayi ubuhle, ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ngaphambili ekhishini. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yinxande, ingahle ibe ne-nicheless, ukuphakama okuhlukile.

Isilinganiso samakamelo ohlelweni, njengomthetho, akufanele sidlule ku-1: 2, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke sibe singakhululekile ukusebenza futhi sibe nohlobo lwegwebu.

Indawo yokupheka

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Ngisho nasekupheleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka, kwakuyindawo ye-grandiose streak. Namuhla, amadivaysi amaningi webhizinisi, imikhiqizo eqediwe, ukudla okusemathinini, ama-afriji asiza ukugcinwa kwemikhiqizo nokupheka. Inani lekhishi lokupheka lehlile, liphenduka libe yigumbi lokudlela lasekhishini elinethezekile, lihlotshaniswa kakhulu namanye amakamelo. Indawo yayo esindlini sanamuhla sezindlu zezwe kungcono ukuba okungenani ibe ngu-10-12m2, futhi kaningi (ngisho nangaphezulu (ngisho ngenxa yokwehla kwamanye amakamelo).

Ekamelweni elinjalo, indawo eqokonyiswa indawo yokuhlala elandelanayo yezobuchwepheshe yemishini eyinkimbinkimbi yekhishini: ukugeza okushisayo, itafula lokusika ekhishini, isitofu sikagesi noma segesi, umshini wokuwasha. Le mishini kufanele ibe ukuphakama okufanayo kwama-85 cm, abekwe ngakolunye uhlangothi noma izindlela ezimbili zencwadi, ngesinye isikhathi eceleni kwezindonga ezimbili ezinde. Isiqandisi, ama-wardrobes wezitsha, amashalofu athambekile kufanele abekwe ukuze umnikazi we-hostem achithe umzamo omncane futhi uhambe. Amafasitela ekhishini angatholakala phakathi kwemishini, bese i-Windowhill iyakuhleka ukuthi ibeke endaweni ephakeme cishe ngo-1.1 m ukuba isebenzise kahle izisekelo zamatafula.

Kwenye indawo yegumbi lokudlela ekhishini, itafula lokudlela, izihlalo, uSofa ngisho nebha elincane lahlalwa kahle. I-Kitchn Windows Orferly Orient to the North, Northwestern noma ohlangothini olusempumalanga lomkhathi. Ikhishi kufanele libe nomoya omncane wemvelo ngesiteshi esikhethekile, esilungele odongeni (ku-1414cm) kanye nepayipi ophahleni.

Ifenisha yasekhishini nemishini kufanele ifakwe emanzini kalula futhi idonswe othulini, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwezinkukhu eziyinkimbinkimbi, ubucwebe obubaziweyo kanye nezakhiwo azithandeki.

Ukuzilungisa

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Vele, kuyadingeka ukulwela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indlu ixhumeke kwinethiwekhi yamanzi endawo nasekupafeni. Ukuzimela (kulawulwa ngokubambisana nomakhelwane) Ukwakhiwa kwamanethiwekhi wobunjiniyela kungenzeka. Amanzi ashisayo futhi abandayo, i-lap efudumele, igumbi lokugezela (noma ukugeza) kwandisa kakhulu induduzo nentengo yemakethe yendlu. Ngaphezu kwendawo yokuhlanzeka etholakala esitezi sokuqala, kulula ukuba nesitezi sesibili, eduze kwamakamelo okulala. Isitsha sendlu yangasese, ukugeza noma ukugeza, i-cab, i-bidet, ukukala kungafakwa egumbini elilodwa. Ikhabethe lekhabethe elihlukile kufanele okungenani libe ngu-0.81.2m lapho livula umnyango ngaphandle.

Uma ufisa ukuba nendlu yokugezela ye-sauna endlini (ngisho nechibi), ingabekwa engaphansi, phansi noma ngaphezulu, kepha ukunqotshwa okuqinisiwe kanye nokuvinjelwa kwamanzi okuhambisanayo kuyadingeka. Izindlu zokugezela kufanele zibe nokungena komoya okuphuma emvelo ngokusebenzisa iziteshi (kanye nekhishi), kepha kungenzeka zingabi nokukhanya okuqondile kwemvelo.

Ngaphambili (izingoma ezifudumele)

Kumele okungenani ibe ngu-6-7m2 ngobubanzi okungenani bungu-1.4 m. Amakhabethe owakhelwe ngaphakathi we-Outerwear and Shoes, itafula noma i-hanger yezikhwama, izikhwama. Isibuko ngokuntuleka kwesikhala singalengiswa emnyango. Ukuphakama kwangaphambili kungancishiswa ku-2.2 m ngenxa yedivaysi ye-antlelele. Yize ngaphambili kusengaphambili kwekamelo lokusetshenziswa, kufana nokungeniswa kwendlu, kwakha umbono wokuqala wokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, ingaphambili kufanele likhanye (ungafaka umnyango wangaphandle ngengilazi eqinisiwe) futhi ethokomele.

Idivaysi yeTambour (okungenani ukujula kwe-1.2m), noma iminyango ephindwe kabili evulwa ngezindlela ezihlukile, kunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi okubandayo, okumanzi ngaphakathi. Ekuseni, isikhathi saqala ukufaka iminyango eyodwa ngenduku emihle, futhi kwesinye isikhathi imithambo eshisayo kanye nezitezi ezifudumele ngokushisa kagesi. Phezu kwehholo, igumbi lokuhlala, amakhoseji (hhayi ngaphansi kuka-0.85m ububanzi, i-2.1m ukuphakama) futhi izitebhisi zihambisana namanye amakamelo.

I-veranda

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yendlu yezwe. Izakhiwo ezivame ukungashiswanga ezinezindiza ezinkulu ezinamakhaza avela komunye noma ezimbili (ehlobo elipholile, ebusika bafudumele, bethokomele) noma izinhlangothi ezintathu noma izinhlangothi ezintathu. Indawo eqoqwe kakhulu yomndeni endalo ngesikhathi esifudumele, nangamakhaza, izilonda, iyigumbi elingezansi lokusetshenziswa. Beka ama-verandas angcono kusukela ohlangothini olusenyakatho nasempumalanga yendlu. Uma isithunzi sezihlahla sivikela ophahleni nezindonga ekushiseni ngokweqile, noma yikuphi ukujwayeza, kepha ingabe ingadi. Khumbula ukuthi amakamelo kanye nama-loggias ama-sanatorimis e-sochi atholakala ebheke olwandle oluhle, yize kushisa khona eseningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukubeka i-veranda eduze kwekhishi nasekamelweni elijwayelekile, futhi indawo yokungena ayinaphakathi, futhi ohlangothini ukuze izindlela zokunyakaza zingaphazamisi zilula ukuhlela ifenisha.

Ngokwakhayo, i-veranda akufanele ifake umqulu wendlu, kepha ukuyilungisa kusuka kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi, ibekwa esisekelweni esiseceleni esiseceleni.

Ubukhulu bama-verandas bunqunywa yizidingo kanye nokwakheka kwezakhiwo zendlu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi usayizi amakamelo okuhlala. Ububanzi obulungile bungaphansi kuka-2.4 m, ukuphakama akuwona ngaphansi kokuphakama kwamakamelo okuhlala, ubude buwububanzi bonke bendlu noma ingxenye yalo. I-block roof veranda imvamisa ivame ukuqondisa eyodwa futhi ayisho lutho, uphahla lungathambekela ngemishayo emihle evulekile noma ifulethi ngophahla lwesibili olukhanyayo olukhanyayo ngokushaywa ngokweqile ekushiseni ngokweqile.

Abanye bazokhetha ukwenza i-veranda ngamawindi amakhulu, kepha kufuthelele ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwendawo yokuhlala ebusika.

Ama-loggias nama-balconies

Yini oyidingayo indlu?

Elula kunazo zonke (okungenani ama-vilths ayi-1.4 m) emindenini ekhubazekile. Amapulatifomu weTerrace, agcwele, ahlehlisiwe (indle, izambulela ze-sunsrellas, njll.), Ngokuvamile anamathele endlini, angaba ngowokuqala nakwesibili. Zikhululekile kakhulu futhi zinhle lapho zakha indlu ekuphumuleni okupholile. Amathafa (njengeVerandas) akhonze ukuphumula, adle, aphathe ngokulibazisa ngesizini efudumele, ukucubungula imikhiqizo, ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kwezinto zasendlini, futhi anciphise ukungcola kwethulwe endlini.

Impahla

Ukwakhiwa kwabo ezindlini ezihlala ngabodwa ezindlini ezinamabomu ezimbili kuvunyelwe egumbini elingaphansi, elingaphansi ngisho nasesitezi sokuqala (okuhlosiwe) ngaphandle kokuhambisana namazinga wokulungiswa kwezimoto. I-visor kufanele inikezwe ngesango legaraji, uma amafasitela kwezinye izakhiwo atholakala ngenhla kwayo.

Ezitebhisini ze-intravartic, isixazululo esakhayo sezisekelo, izindonga, ukugcwala, ophahleni, uzofunda izincwadi ezilandelayo. Imibuzo yokuhlinzeka ngokuxhumana kwezobunjiniyela zasendlini kuncike kuphela kusisombululo nesixazululo sendlu nemiklamo yaso futhi kufanele ixazululwe ngokujwayelekile.

Mangaki amafulethi okufanele abe sekhaya lakho?

Uma wonke amakamelo etholakala kuphela esitezi sokuqala, ungenza izakhiwo ezilula ezilula, isisekelo esisodwa sokukhanya ngaphandle kwesitebhisi. Kepha indlu enjalo, uma kunamakamelo angaphezu kwamathathu kuyo, i-nonCopoct, njengokungathi iqhuma esizeni, ithatha isikhala esiningi, ukwakheka kuba yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe futhi akunakwenzeka ukukwenza ngaphandle kwemigwaqo emide. Indlu eyodwa esitebekile lapho udinga ukuhlanganisa khona amakamelo angaphezu kwamabili noma amathathu, igaraji, ikhishi, igumbi lokugezela, kunzima ukuqhubeka nokuzwakalayo ngokubukeka, ngenkathi umsebenzi wokwakha kanye nokuhlinzwa kwawo kuyakhuphuka.

Izindlu ezinde ezinde noma ze-attic eyodwa, futhi ngisho nangaphansi noma ngaphansi, ziyizinhlaka zobunjiniyela eziyinkimbinkimbi, kepha (ngendawo efanayo ewusizo), ezomnotho eziningi endaweni yokwakha (ngezikhathi ezithile), Ngokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izindleko zokwakha, zidinga izimfanelo namapayipi ambalwa, kufaka phakathi ukuxhumana kwezobunjiniyela, nokusebenza okuningi okusebenzayo. Abantu ababili-abanezitezi ezimbili nabathobekile, njengomthetho, zinokubukeka okujabulisayo okujabulisayo.

Ukuqhathanisa kwezomnotho kukhombisa ukuthi ngendawo efanayo yokusebenzisa indlu nge-attic nge-15-30% (kuya ngezinto zokwakha, ubude bendawo ephakeme, izinga lokusebenzisa isikhala se-attic nezinye izici) lishibhile kunalokho izindlu ezibolile ezingenalutho ngaphandle kwe-attic. Inzuzo enkulu yezindlu ene-attic kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe ezinye izindlela zokwakhiwa - okokuqala uqedele phansi kokuqala, bese kuthi ngemuva kokufaka uma kungenzeka ukuqeda ukwakhiwa kwe-attic, okuvimbela indawo ye-attic.

Manje wena ngokwakho ungaphetha ngokuthi kuyazuzisa ukufeza indlu ngesisekelo (esingaphansi) phansi kanye ne-attic.

Ukwakheka kwezakhiwo

Uzijwazise ngezakhiwo eziphambili zekhaya lakho, izidingo eziphambili zansuku zonke nezilawulayo. Kwafika ithuba lokubheka ukubukeka okujwayelekile, ukwakheka kwezakhiwo zendlu yonke. Akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kunokwethenjwa okubili, ngakho-ke, kanye ne-Utilitantian, injongo yezinto ezibonakalayo zezakhiwo, indima enkulu ngohlangothi lobuhle bokwakha. Ngemuva kwakho konke, le ndlu ingekho ukuwasebenzisa kuphela kusuka ngaphakathi, kodwa futhi futhi ukuze uyibone ngaphandle, iyakuthanda. Vele, indlu kumele ibe ntofontofo, ibe yinhle futhi ilungele kahle indawo ezungezile. Kusebenza ngokomnotho. Vele, izindlu ngazinye zingaba nezixazululo zokwakha ezahlukahlukene. Kepha konke ukwahluka kwabo kungancishiswa kube ngamaqembu amabili asemthethweni: ukulinganisa kanye ne-asymmetrical (cores of facade enkulu). I-Symmetric Home-Calm, i-static, i-static, ingaphambili, ngisho nangokuqina (izindlu zezindawo ezinhle, izigodlo). Amakhaya we-Asymmetric, njengoba kwakunjalo, ahambelana kakhulu namandla wempilo yanamuhla, ubuhle bokunye kwezindawo ezincane, iziza zezwe, ukubekwa okuningi kwamahhala kwezakhiwo nobukhulu bawo okungahlobene nokulinganisa okuqinile.

Yini engcono? Kulokhu nangemfihlakalo, ubumbano, kanye nekhono lokuhlangana ngobuhlakani bakho nomakhi. Izindawo ezihlukile nemininingwane ithonywa ukwakhiwa okuphelele kwendlu. Imininingwane yezakhiwo ezimbi ungaphanga iphrojekthi ephezulu kakhulu yendlu.

Ekhuluma ngokwakhiwa okuphelele kwendlu nomnotho wayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubukeka kwezindleko, ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kuncike kakhulu ekucushweni kwesakhiwo. Ngomgwaqo oqinile, ama-prorrusions, ama-loggias, izimbotshana ezaphukile zophahla zikhuphula indawo yezindonga zangaphandle, kwakhiwa izikhwama zeqhwa, ukulahleka kokushisa kuyanda, kuvame ukulungiswa okudingekayo. Izikhundla ze-Satih the ezomnotho kakhulu zizoba yisikwele esivaliwe (impahla iyindawo enomjikelezo owengeziwe) ngaphandle kwe-attic, ama-loggias kanye nama-balconies. Kepha ingabe indlu enjalo ilungele wena?

Cabanga, weluleka, uxazulule.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi manje usulula ukunquma ngokwethulwa kwekhaya lakho nokukhetha iphrojekthi efanele.

Funda kabanzi