Ukubuka konke kwamaphaneli wesimanje we-facade. Abakhiqizi, imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe yamaphaneli ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Enye yezindlela ezinengqondo kakhulu zokuxazulula inkinga yokuvikela ama-facade zezakhiwo ezisuvele ezakhiwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezindonga, noma njengoba zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi amaphaneli e-pocade. Ama-facade wezakhiwo zokhuni ashicilelwa ngokushaya ngokhuni, okwakupendwe ngokucophelela. Kungukuhlobana futhi kungabukwa njenge-prototype yamaphaneli angaphambili. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isihlahla saqala ukubola, ngakho-ke izinto zokwenziwa nezinto zokwenziwa, izici ezivikelayo zazo ziphakeme kakhulu kunokuba umuthi waqala ukusebenzisa amaphaneli we-facade.
Hlaba Inezakhiwo ezivikelekile kakhulu kanye nokuvimbela umswakama futhi inamaphaneli ezinhlobo ezenziwe ngensimbi, i-aluminium noma i-vinyl polymers, indawo yangaphandle yayo edwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene noma ebekiwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Okuhlala isikhathi eside, okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi, ngokwemvelo, othandekayo ($ 25-45 m2) uhlobo lwe-siding-steel. Kodwa-ke, indawo eyinhloko yokusebenzisa kwayo ukuqedwa kwama-facade zezakhiwo emadolobheni.
Ubuchwepheshe bokubhekana nasekhaya abayinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe inqubo yesembozo sephaneli yayo yekhabhoni yokhuni - amaphaneli we-polymer anqunywa kalula nge-hacksaw. Iphrofayili yamaphaneli yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi kudingeka zifakwe ngokuvundshelwa, izikhala. Lapho izimbobo zezinzipho zenziwa khona emaphethelweni aphezulu amaphaneli, futhi izimbobo zinesimo esandisiwe esikuvumela ukuthi unxephezele ukunwetshwa kwamaphaneli. Ukuze unamathisele ukugxila, kufanele usebenzise izipikili ezivela kuma-aluminium alloys ukugwema ukushayela okuthe xaxa ebusweni bamaphaneli.
Ukwenza isiqephu sesakhiwo siqedile uhlobo, kunezakhi ezengeziwe, njengamakhona ahlukahlukene, ukudonsa, izinto zokuhlobisa. -Yintshisekelo Amaphaneli e-facade kusuka ku-perlid polyvinyl chloride ngetshe elibheke . EChermannan, sebevele bekhiqize iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25, kepha imakethe yaseRussia yaqala ukunqoba muva nje. Izehlakalo zesendlalelo senkampani yi-polyvinyl chloride foam ye-volumetric mass (density) ezingaba ngu-700 kg / m3, ngaphezulu kwalo i-Stone Crumb esetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Imakethe yaseRussia iveza imikhiqizo yeDelken (Germany), eseye yathola ukuthandwa okukhulu. Iphaneli Yezikhathi Ejwayelekile - 6m, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi ukhethe ngokwehlukana kusuka ku-12.5 kuye ku-9.0 m. Ukuze uqedele ingaphezulu lamaphaneli, inkampani "Delken" isebenzisa iMarble Crumb. Intengo yamaphaneli anjalo we-facade yi- $ 45-55 m2.
Izinkuni fiber composite slabs Izinhlangano zokwenziwa noma zemvelo zivezwa emakethe yaseRussia kubakhiqizi abaningana, phakathi kwemikhiqizo ye-canadex eyabelwe (Canada). Isisekelo samaphaneli ezinkuni ahlukana abe yimicu futhi sicindezelwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu nasekucindezelweni. Ingxenye ebophayo iyi-lignin yemvelo (i-organic polymeric compact equkethwe yizicubu zezitshalo), ezikhishwe ngesikhathi sokugawulwa okushisayo kwezinkuni. Izinto ezivelayo zinobungani bemvelo, ngoba azisebenzisi ama-phenol alungilehyde resendins. Ubuningi obuphezulu abuvumeli amaphaneli ukuba awonakalise, aqhekeze futhi ahlukaniswe. Iphaneli ngalinye lenqubo yokukhiqiza limbozwe ngezendlalelo ezinhlanu zopende, ezakha ungqimba oluthembekile lokuvikela. Ukufakwa kodonga lodonga akuhlukile kokuqedwa kwesakhiwo nge-clapboard. Kakhulu kakhulu izinto ezengeziwe ezingeziwe ziyatholakala, ezizokwenza kube lula ukufakwa.
Amaphaneli we-Canobon kusuka ku-fiber cement Iba nobulukhuni obuphezulu kanye ne-vapor enhle permeability. Isibonelo samaphaneli kasimende we-fiber-cement angasebenza ebheke emabhodini kusuka kukhonkolo okhonkolo okhonkolo okhonkolo we-lemminkänen (Finland) kanye namaphaneli wokwakha i-andernag (Germany). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ARPYTAG ikhiqiza amathayili wokuqedela ophansi wamasethi ayi-127 kanye nefomu elihluke kakhulu le-polycolor ne-colorflex, eklanyelwe ukwakhiwa okuphansi okuphezulu.
Iminyaka engu-25 edlule yempumelelo enkulu eYurophu iyakujabulela Amapuleti E-Ceramic . Ukufakwa kwamanzi okuvumelekile kwamanzi acishe abe ngu-3% kuqinisekisa ukumelana kwabo okuphezulu kwesithwathwa. Ingaphezulu lamapuleti we-facade ceramic libunjiwe noma lisetshenziselwa i-glaze yakhe.
Intshisakalo ethile amaphaneli angaphambili eqembu lesibili, elinokungezelela izimo zokuhlobisa nezinomswakama nge-thermo- kanye nezakhiwo zomsindo ezizwakalayo. Bathola igama Amaphaneli wohlobo lweSandwich . Enye yezinto zokuqala ezinjalo zakhiwa eJalimane eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-30 edlule yiphaneli yasePolyalpan kaHerbert Heinemann. Iphaneli enjalo iqukethe ishidi lensimbi elingaphandle elinobukhulu obungu-0,5 mm, ungqimba lwe-polyurethane Foam 25 noma u-50mm obukhulu bokufakwa kwe-facade kanye nongqikithi we-aluminium foil ubukhulu 0.05mm. I-lacquered futhi yomiswe ungqimba olushisayo lwe-aluminium alloy, i-manganese kanye ne-magnesium ingaba nendawo ebunjiwe ngaphansi kodaka lokuhlobisa, izinkuni kanye nokunye ukuthungwa. Ukushintsha amapharamitha angokomzimba amaphaneli lapho ukuguqulwa kokushisa okukhona kungasho lutho kangangokuba i-firm ye-firmer iqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kububanzi kusuka ku--180sdo + 100 ° C iminyaka engama-30. Amaphaneli anokumelana okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali nasemlilweni (iqembu lezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisiwe), enobungane bemvelo, azithintwe yikhunta nobumba. I-Acoeffer yokuphakela kwabo okushisayo yi-0.02 w / (mk). Amanani entengo polyalpan- $ 55-75 m2. Izinto zemvelo zimelela i-Inteko Zoon.
Muva nje, amaphaneli we-pacade amathathu we-isopanel ateriti Turkish inkampani yaseKaraca dis Tika-Rest yavela emakethe yaseRussia. Ukubhoboza ungqimba lokufakwa okushisayo phakathi kwalezi zingqimba ezimbili zensimbi zibekwe i-polystyrere engamelana nomlilo.
Enye yezinto ezihlukile kakhulu zokuhlobisa izinto ze-facade zokuhlobisa amaphaneli we-gebrick. I-block ngayinye yalolu hlelo inendawo ye-1m2 enobukhulu be-60mm kuphela, okwenza kube lula- 25kg. Iphaneli ye-Gebrick ibukeka njengendawo yezitini. Kwenziwe ngezitini zemvelo ezilungiselelwe kuphaneli ye-monolithic of polyurethane Foam. Ubukhulu besitini babheke ngu-19 mm, kanye nobukhulu bokufakwa kwe-thermal kungu-44mm. Uhlangothi lwasemuva lwe-block luvikelwe yiPhepha leKraft. Ukuvuselelwa okushisayo kodonga, kuncishisiwe ngaphandle ngamaphaneli anjalo, kuncishiswa amahlandla amathathu futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu. Amaphaneli we-Gebrick anamathele odongeni kuma-dowels. Amaphaneli wephaneli uNucs u-40 amasethi nezithunzi. Ukuze kube lula ukufakwa, kuthuthukiswe izinto ezikhethekile ze-angular. Emakethe yaseRussia, iphaneli ye-Gebrick imele inkampani ebambekayo.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwezimpawu zobuchwepheshe ze- "sandwich" ezivame kakhulu - ezinikezwe etafuleni.
| Ithebhuri | Ubukhulu | Umgwengwezi | Ukwahlukanisa | Isisindo, kg / m2 | Coeffecient ofanele I-Cenage Thermal Amanzi, w / (mk) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ubude, bheka | Ububanzi, bheka | Ubukhulu, niyabo | -Ngaphandle | -Silwane esifuyiweyo | Into uqobo lwayo | Ubukhulu, mm. | |||
| Polyalpan. | 120. | 42; 55. | 2,5; isihlanu | Ishidi lokukhulisa i-aluminium 0.5mm, | I-Aluminium Foil 0.05mm | I-Polyurene Folider | 25; amashumi amahlanu | I-3.5 | 0.020 |
| Uhlobo lukaRannila | 120. | 60; 90; 120. | 8-20. | Ishidi lensimbi elishisayo elishisayo le-galvanized | Uboya bezimbiwa | 80-200. | 19-33. | 0.044. | |
| I-Trimoterm SNV. | 200-1400 | 6; eziyisishiyagalombili; 10; 12; ishumi nanhlanu; amashumi amabili | Ishidi lensimbi elishisayo elishisayo le-galvanized | Uboya bezimbiwa | 60-200. | 16.2-23.6 | 0.045 | ||
| Isotermsc. | 1200. | 110. | ezine; 6; eziyisishiyagalombili; Okuthenyalwayo | Ishidi lensimbi elishisayo elishisayo le-galvanized | I-Polyurene Folider | 40; 60; 80; 100 | 10.9 13.6 | 0,022 | |
| PFLAUM. | 1000. | 61-91.5 | 3,512. | Ishidi lensimbi elishisayo elishisayo elishisayo 0.55-0.75mm, Polyester Coating | I-Foam Pur Foam | 35-120 | 11.3-14.8. | 0.055 | |
| I-PW8 / B-U1 | 240-1600. | 119. | 4.5; 6; isishiyagalombili | Ishidi lensimbi elishisayo elishisayo le-galvanized | I-Polyurene Folider | 45; 60; 80. | 11.7-12.9 | 0,025 | |
| Isopanel aterit. | 1220. | 100 | ezinhlanu; eziyisishiyagalombili; 10; ishumi nanhlanu; amashumi amabili | Ishidi lensimbi elishisayo le-hot -cicike | polystyrere foam | 45-200. | 8.7-9.3 | - | |
| Gebrik. | 140. | 70. | 6. | Izitini zibheke ngo-19mm | Iphepha le-Kraft | I-Polyurene Folider | 44. | 25. | - |
| Thermobick. | 122. | 40. | isihlanu | I-Ceramic facade tile | -Ngenamampuloo | I-Polyurene Folider | - | 22. | 0.033 |
