Izibani zesimanje: ukuhlukaniswa; Ukuhlolwa kokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya; izimfihlo ze-LED; amafemu ethulwe emakethe yaseRussia; Amanani.
Ukuze kukhanyise emakhaya ethu ukudala induduzo ebonakalayo futhi kube nomthelela ekuboneni okwanele kwezangaphakathi, kufanele kuhlelwe kahle.
Induduzo yezezindlu yanamuhla ihlukaniswe kusuka ekukhanyiseni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, ngenxa yakhe, ngokushesha nathi, sahlukanisa ukugqama, umbala kanye nokwakheka kwezinto noma izinto esizisebenzisayo nazo. Kulokhu, amehlo ethu akufanele aqine futhi akhathale. Kuvela ukufeza induduzo ebonakalayo, kuyadingeka ukubekezelela amapharamitha amaningi okukhanyisa ekhasini elithile: Ukukhanyisa okuhle, umphumela wokuphuphutheka omncane, ukuhanjiswa okuvumelanayo kokukhanya kokukhanya okuphezulu kwegumbi, umbala ofanele Ukuzala kabusha, i-senegraphwork nokunye okuningi. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi konke lokhu kuzosiza amalambu. Ngokukhetha kahle, ukufaka isicelo nokuzihlanganisa nezinto ezahlukahlukene zezangaphakathi ngesitayela, umbala kanye nesilinganiso, ochwepheshe badala hhayi indawo yokukhanyisa, kodwa futhi banikeze ukuvezwa okukhethekile.
Zonke izibani ziyi-silk shlade enhle, izinkolelo zesibani sethu kanye nesicoco, iphupho lamaRussia kuma-60s, futhi isibalo sanamuhla (inani lamamodeli libalwa amashumi ezinkulungwane) - liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziphambili: ukukhanya Umthombo (isibani) nokukhanyisa kokukhanyisa. Lesi sakudala sasabalalisa kabusha ama-Light bulbs esikhaleni futhi kwesinye isikhathi aguqula izakhiwo zawo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqiniswa, izici zokwakhiwa kwanoma yikuphi okuthinta ikhwalithi yokukhanyisa, kwenziwa ekubalweni kwamapharamitha athile wesibani.
Ngokwenhloso, amalambu ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ayisithupha ukudala enye yalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokukhanyisa: okujwayelekile, kwasendaweni, okuhlangene, okuhlobisa, okuqondisayo nokuvezwa. Ngendlela yokufaka, izibani zophahla zihlukaniswe, zimisiwe (ekumisweni kophahla), okushumekiwe (ophahleni olumisiwe), okufakwe odongeni, phansi kanye nedeskithophu.
Ukuphathwa kokusebenza okubonakalayo
Ukusuka ekutheni amakhandlela ekhanyisa amakhambi ajwayelekile asatshalaliswa esikhaleni, amandla ethu okuhlukanisa ngokunembile izingxenye ezincane zezinto. Ukususa ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya usebenzisa ijika elibizwa nge-light curve (CCC). Lapho kulapho kufana khona ne-oval, ekhuphukile eceleni kwe-axis yomfudlana wokukhanya, isivele sibhekwe ijika futhi ngcono ukukhanya enkabeni yendawo yokukhanya. Umbono wale Curve uyisici esibaluleke kakhulu somthombo wokukhanya.Luminares ngejika elincanyana elikhanyayo Kungcono ukufaka ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kophahla oluphezulu. Lawa amalambu ahluka kakhulu, amathunzi abukhali, asebenza kahle. Bakhanyisa kakhulu indawo evundlile. Ukuze kuthambe izibani, umhlobiso okhanyayo wegumbi uyadingeka, kufaka phakathi phansi. Lolu hlobo lwedivayisi olunamalambu we-Mirror Halogen, olufakwe kubhasi (olusebenziseka kalula), luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhanyiswa okuvunyelwe kwemidwebo, ama-sprenptures nezinye izinto.
Amalambu anejika eliphansi elikhanyayo Kusetshenziselwa ukudala ukukhanya okuningana ngokushintshwa okukhanyayo okulula, ukugcwala okwanele okunokukhanya, umehluko olinganiselayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okulinganiselayo emakamelweni anokuphakama kophahla okujwayelekile.
Amalambu ane-wide light lighter curve Kulungele kangcono ukukhanyiswa okujwayelekile kwamakamelo anophahla oluphansi futhi kwakha ukukhanyiswa okuhle kwezindawo eziqonde mpo nezithambekele, kuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kokukhanya. Kepha izibani ezinjalo zine-angle encane evikelayo, futhi ukufakwa okucatshangwe kahle kuyadingeka ukugwema oxhumana nabo abakhanyayo ngqo emehlweni.
Ukuthumela kuphi imisebe
Ukuqondiswa komkhawulo wokukhanya kuthinta umehluko omnyama nomhlophe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthenga isibani, buza ukuthi kuzokuthumela kuphi ukukhanya. Kuya ngenani lesilinganiso se-flux elikhanyayo, eliqondiswe phezulu, amalambu akhanyayo angokoqobo ahlukaniswe (wonke noma cishe wonke ama-flux akhanyayo aqondiswa), ukukhanya okukhanyayo (ukusakaza okukhanyayo, kubhekiswe phezulu ukugeleza okukhanyayo (njengoba, Isibonelo, i-chandelier yekristalu), kukhanye okusobala (konke noma cishe yonke i-flux ekhanyayo iqondiswe).
Izibani ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo Yakhelwe igumbi elinophahla oluphansi. Njengomthetho, lezi yimishini evamile yophahla noma eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ziyahlukahluka emnothweni lapho zidala ukukhanyisa kwasendaweni ukuze kufundwe futhi kusebenze noma lapho kugqamisa imidwebo, imidwebo, njll.
Izibani zokukhanya okuhlakazekile Ube nokusebenza kahle (ukusebenza kahle) futhi kufanelekile ngokukhanya okujwayelekile. Ihlukaniswa ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kokukhanya kokukhanya, okuboniswe kusuka ezindongeni, uphahla kanye phansi, ngempahla eyakha okuthambile kanye nokwanda kwempahla ekhanyayo, okubalulekile ukudala induduzo ebonakalayo. Kepha uma amathoni amnyama ethamba uhla lombala lwangaphakathi (ikakhulukazi uphahla nezindonga), khona-ke kuzofanela amalambu anjalo anamandla.
Lapho uthenga isibani, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukusebenza kwawo, ukwethenjwa kokuqina kwezingxenye, kulula kakhulu ukuthi isibani ku-cartridge futhi kukhona okulula kwesibani kanye nezindawo ezingaphakathi ezidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo. Kusele ukukhumbula ukuthi izinto eziqinile zokuba nobumbano bushelelezi zingcolile futhi zigezwe kalula.
Izibani zokukhanya okubonisiwe Dala ukukhanyisa okunethezekile futhi okufanayo, okuhambelana ngokugcwele namazinga wokukhawulela izinkomba zomphumela wokuphuphuthekisa nokungathandeki, ukugcwala okuhle nokukhanya kwelanga phezulu noma eceleni. Ukuze wandise umnotho wokukhanyisa, kudingeka uphahla oluyadingeka nge-coefficial ephakeme kakhulu.
Kusuka ku-ABC Sveodishaina
Umbono wangaphakathi uncike ikakhulukazi ekusatshalalisweni kokukhanya nombala phakathi kwezinto ezingaphakathi nezinto. Futhi lapho sithenga ubuchopho obuhle bokuvala futhi silengise endaweni evelele noma umane ufake isibani esikhanyayo esinamandla amakhulu, khona-ke imiphumela ingahle ibe engalindeleki, ngokwesibonelo: ukucasuka, ikhanda kanye nokunye ukuhlaselwa okungalindelekile. Iqiniso ngukuthi sephule izenzo ezingasebenzi kahle ukwephula ubudlelwane obuyinkimbinkimbi kwemiphumela yokubona, ebhekwa ngabachwepheshe be-SPI. Sivula ikhethini encane phezu kwezimfihlo zabo.Ukukhanya nesikhala
Ngoshintsho ekukhanyiseni kokukhanya, okubonakala kusuka phansi, izindonga nophahla, umbono obonakalayo wokushintsha kwekamelo ushintsho, ngakho-ke, ungashintsha "umthamo wegumbi.
- Uphahla olumnyama lubonakala luphansi, futhi ukukhanya - phezulu. Phansi kakhulu phansi "kunciphisa" ukuphakama kwekamelo. Udonga olukhanyayo ekugcineni kophaseji oluncane lwenza lube lubanzi.
- Imibala yamathoni afudumele "alethe izinto" (ngokwesibonelo, udonga ophuzi lubonakala lusondele), kanye nokususa "okubandayo".
- Emakamelweni amancane okunwetshwa kwendawo nokugcwaliswa okulula ngokukhanya, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ukukhanyiselwa kwezindonga bese usebenzisa i-coeffice enhle ebonakalayo (okungukuthi, nge-coeffecties enkulu), futhi kukhulu - ukufaka isicelo ukwamukelwa okufanayo, kodwa ngenxa yocansi nophahla.
- IWindows, Imidwebo kanye Izibuko Zibangela Ukuthi "Ukunwetshwa" Kwendawo.
- Lapho ukhanyisa amakamelo amakhulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa izibani ezikhanyayo.
- Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umbala omnyama "wehla" igumbi, kanye nomhlophe - "kuyanda".
- Uma egumbini elincane, izibani zitholakala eceleni kophahla, igumbi lizovela lincane kakhulu. Ukuze uyibuke ngokubona, kuyadingeka ukubeka izibani emgqeni oguqukele kwesinye sezindonga.
- Ekamelweni ungakhetha izindawo ezisebenzayo hhayi kuphela ngokwahlukaniswa, kepha futhi nosizo lwamalambu okukhanyisa endawo, njengokuthi sconce.
Okungamelana nethuba ngemiphumela yemibhalo yesandla, amadokhumenti, izithombe, ukupenda okusebenzayo (i-watercolor, i-tempera, i-pastel), i-tapestry, i-lace, izembatho. Ngokusho kwamazinga, izinga lokukhanya kwezinto ezinjalo akufanele lidlule ama-50 LCs.
Ukukhanya nefomu
Indlela esibona ngayo indlela yesihloko ivela ukuncika ekukhanyiseni kwezindawo zayo zokuhlala kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamathunzi akhiqizwa kuwo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya kungaphatha "uhlobo lwezinto, kwandise noma, ngeshwa, ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwabo. Into esemqoka lapha ukukhetha ukuqondiswa kokukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Uma into yevolumu ilinyezeke kahle kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ingahle ibonakale ifulethi, ngoba ngokukhanyisa okuningi kwevolumu ilahlekile.- Umphumela omuhle kakhulu unikeza inhlanganisela yokukhanyisa noma okuboniswe ukukhanyisa ngokukhanya okuqondile okuqondile, kepha uma usebenza ngento (efana, ngokwesibonelo, ubuso bomuntu), ukuba nempumuzo yomuntu ojulile), ebaluleke kakhulu kunendima ye-soft kukhanye noma kuboniswe ukukhanya.
- Ukufaka izibani eziqondisayo, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukwakheka kwezithunzi ezingafuneki ezikwazi ukuguqula ifomu nokukhanyisiwe, nento eseduze, kanye nengaphakathi lilonke.
- Uma ingaphezulu likhanyisiwe ngokungalingani, khona-ke izingxenye zalo ngazinye ziyabonakala njengokulele emazingeni ahlukene.
- Ukuzama amathunzi, ungakha amandla ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene okukhanya.
Ukukhanya nombala
- Uma ukukhanyiswa okufanayo kudaliwe egumbini, khona-ke umbala ofudumele uboniswe ngokukhanya kunokubanda.
- Uma ingaphezulu lezinto, izindonga, njll. Kupendwe ngombala omnyama, khona-ke ukuthungwa kwazo nokusebenza ngeke kubonakale kahle.
- Emuva elikhanyayo, into ibukeka imnyama, futhi ebumnyameni - okulula.
- Imibala yethoni efudumele iwinwe lapho ikhanyisa amalambu we-incandescent kanye namalambu wokukhipha wokukhanya okumhlophe okushisayo.
Induduzo ye-SVETOTET
- Ukukhathala okubukwayo kuyathuthukiswa ngokukhanya okusheshayo kwehla. Kodwa-ke, ukukhanyiswa okune-monotonous nakho akuyona ikhambi eliphumelele ngokuphelele.- Uma ukuqedwa kusetshenziswa kugcwele futhi kuhluke umbala ngombala wethoni, khona-ke ukukhathala okubonakalayo kuyanda. Lapho uqeda izindawo ezinkulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa imibala enokugcwala okuphansi.
Umbala kanye nemizwa
Kuyaziwa ukuthi umbala uthinta umuntu ngokomoya.
- Amathoni abomvu-orange anomphumela othokozisayo.- Amathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka adala umuzwa wokuphola nokuthula.
- I-White ne-Black Toneverisises i-parade kanye nomkhosi wesimo.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umbono wombala ofanayo ungancika kakhulu esimweni sezulu sale ndawo, kanye nasemikhakheni yabantu nokunambitheka.
Ukusebenzisa kanyekanye Kokukhanyisa Kwezemvelo Nezemvelo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izibani ezihlelwe ngokwehlukile, amaphaneli ahlukahlukene ahlelwe, njengomthombo wokukhanya okukhuphukayo, ungasebenzisa izibani zokukhanya okumhlophe nokufudumele .
Umbono wochwepheshe
Kunzima ukusho nakanjani, yiziphi izibani ezingcono ongazisebenzisa kuleli gumbi. Kungenzeka kuphela ukuncoma ukunamathela emithethweni ejwayelekile yedivayisi yokukhanyisa efulethini. Ngakho-ke, ephaseji nakwamanye amakamelo, lapho kunesidingo sokukhanyisa khona njalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izibani zokukhanyisa nge-compact fluorescent lamp (CLL). Emakamelweni okuhlala kuvame ukusebenzisa izibani zokukhanyisa okujwayelekile nokwendawo (lapho kuyadingeka khona: Ithebula lekhofi, i-TV, endaweni yokuzijabulisa, njll.). Ekamelweni lokulala, ukukhanya okuthambile okugcwele kwamalambu okukhanya okusobala kufanelekile. Eduze kombhede, etafuleni eliseceleni kombhede, ungabeka isibani samandla aphansi noma ukukhanya ebusuku, nemithombo yokukhanya enokuzala kwemibala kahle kufanelekile. Emakamelweni ezingane, ukukhanyisa okuphelele kanye nasendaweni. Ekhishini, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa isibani esikhulu ngesibani se-incandescent, udinga ukukhanya kwendawo okusebenzayo lapho ukudla kulungiswa khona, ukugeza izitsha. Lesi izibani ezilungele ngamalambu we-fluorescent kuze kube ngu-30 W. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibani ezinosayizi omncane zingasetshenziselwa ukugqamisa amakhabethe, amakhabethe nezinye ifenisha.Kusuka kulokho agijima
Ukuthengiswa kwemishini yokukhanyisa, kanye namalambu athile, amakhulukhulu ezitolo azibandakanye eMoscow kuphela eMoscow kuphela eMoscow. Njengomthetho, izitolo zinikezwa izibani zemikhombandlela emibili evamile: ama-classics kanye nesimanje. Amafemu ambalwa ambalwa anikezwa emakethe yaseRussia. Phakathi kwazo isiJalimane Jab, Hustadt, H. Gautzsch, Solken, Swing, Italiyane Artemide, Franco, Flos, i-Prismain, i-Oulbel, i-Morbel yase-Russian, i-CJSC SATURH "," Electropolitus "," iphuzu lokusekelwa "nabanye.
Ngenxa ye-assortment ebanzi yamalambu, abaqambi bayakwazi ukwanelisa noma yiziphi izicelo zamakhasimende. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya okuningi komhlaba kokukhanya okusobala nokusakazeka kufakwe isibani esingezekile "ngenduku eguquguqukayo, etholakala esimweni esamukelekayo kakhulu kuwe. Ezinye izitsha eziphezulu "ze-flooring ziphenduka, njengoba zikuxhumeke okuhlangenwe nakho. Ingxenye ebalulekile yamalambu afakwe amadivayisi (ama-demimers) ukuguqula ukukhanyiselwa, kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa iphaneli yokulawula. Okufanayo futhi eminye imiklamo eminingi iyathengiswa e-salon yamalambu ku-Ordinance encane. " Babiza kusuka ku- $ 10 kuya ku- $ 2000.
Kukhona futhi izibani zokuhlobisa ngesimo sexoxo, isikebhe, inhlanzi, njll., Yenzelwe igumbi lezingane. Benziwa ngokweqiniso lokuthi ingane ingalimaza noma ilahle isibani, ngakho-ke isibalo ngokwaso senziwe ngopulasitiki, futhi umthombo wokukhanya uvaliwe nge-dome ekhethekile evikelwe ekushisweni.
Inani elikhulu lamalambu angeniswayo nelazi lokukhanyisa okuhlobisa kanye nokukhanyisa kwezakhiwo kumelela i-CJSC TFS-Holding. Iningi lezinto zamalambu zenziwa ngezinto ezilandelwayo: izibuko ze-triplex (noma duplex); ingilazi ye-borosilucation yombala, esobala, i-matte; Ingilazi yeMurian; Isihlahla (i-beech, kaningi kuvame ukuba yiphayini ne-oki); I-Metal (Stylization ngaphansi kwegolide, ithusi, i-aluminium, ngaphansi kwakudala), kanye nensimbi edwetshwe kunoma yimuphi umbala. Kunezisombululo ezingajwayelekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukulingiswa kwephethini yeqhwa ngengilazi noma ingilazi emanzi (amaconsi amanzi ngaphakathi kwengilazi).
Uhla olubanzi lwamalambu wokonga amandla wanamuhla anamalambu we-compact fluorescent kanye ne-polycarbonbonate diffusers anikeza ukukhanya kukagesi okujwayelekile. Lolu hlobo lwamaLambu wokonga amandla asuselwa kuma-compact luminescent kanye namalambu we-halogen enza isitshalo sasekhaya "sokuhambisa" (i-Novgorod). Amalambu athengiswa yinkampani "uPaul" ayajabula ngombukiso oyingqayizivele wemigqa, bobunjwa kanye nopende wengilazi yeMurana futhi kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngesitayela sanamuhla. Amanani asuka ku- $ 100 kuya ku- $ 40,000.
"Imodyuli" Eqinile inikezela ngamalambu wezitayela ezahlukahlukene: I-Baroque, i-Classic, yesimanje, - yenziwe kusetshenziswa itshe lemvelo, ama-gilding, i-crystal. Maphakathi nendawo yokukhanya kweMedea nasezitolo ze-Aura City, Sononex, Makskie electro, uzothola amalambu (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-500 kuye kwangama-500 kuya kwangama-500,000) abakhiqizi basekhaya nabaseYurophu, isitayela sanamuhla nesitayela sanamuhla kanye nesitayela sanamuhla kanye nesitayela sanamuhla.