Yini, kunalokho futhi kuliphi izinga okungahlanzwa komoya efulethini lasemadolobheni.
Umoya ohlanzekile nowesha ngaphezulu kwe-meadow yezimbali yehlukaniswa kalula kwingxube yegesi, engiphefumula eduze kwezakhiwo zefekthri nokuthi yisiphi isizathu esithile futhi esibizayo. Cishe kusuka kulokho, kunesiphi isilinganiso, ungahlanza umoya osendlini yasemadolobheni uthi isihloko sethu.
'' Impi yesiDashi "emoyeni
Amakhompiyutha e-gaseous. Siyamangalisa ukuchaza izifo zethu ngezikhathi ezithile: Kukhona okungazange kudle okuthile noma kungaphuzanga. Kepha kwanele ukukhumbula imizuzu eyishumi echithwa ejamu lemoto eduzane nepayipi eliphuma eKamaz yasekhaya, futhi akudingeki ubheke ezinye izimbangela zekhanda. Yebo, efulethini lesimanjemanje lasemadolobheni, kungenzeka yini ukuzizwa uphephile? Ngemuva kwakho konke, indawo yokuhlala yendoda yanamuhla igcwele "isimbali" kude nezakhi zamakhemikhali ezingenacala. "Iphunga" nge-phenol ne-formaldehyde, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni ifenisha nokwakha, i-pentachhlorophol (chipboard), i-chlorvinyl (i-chipboard), i-ethylexwall), njll. Bese kuba isikhashana.
Ukunakwa okuhlukile kufanele kukhokhwe ku-Ozone. Kunombono oqhubekayo wokuthi luwusizo kakhulu empilweni. Njengengxabano, abasekeli balokhu kudukiswa kufanele bakhumbule imigqa enkondlweni "Ngiyakuthanda ukuduma kwezulu ekuqaleni kukaMeyi ...", ukuxhuma kalula ukuphefumula ehlathini lasentwasahlobo nokwakheka kwesiteleka sombani ngenxa yesiteleka sombani. Kuyavela, konke akulula kangako. I-Ozone "inolaka" eliyingamakhemikhali, futhi ukweqiwa kwe-MPC yalo (ukuhlukunyezwa okuvumelekile kakhulu) kuyingozi enkulu empilweni yabantu: Kubangela i-pulmonary edema futhi kungaholela emphumeleni obulalayo. Ngendlela, i-Ozone PDC ilingana ngqo ne-PDC ye-gaseous chlorine, futhi i-chlorine isabhekwa njengento yokulwa nobuthi futhi yasetshenziswa yiJalimane eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala.
Izakhamizi ezi-Rustic ezivela eminyakeni yezingane ziyazi: I-carbon monoxide (co) ingena ezakhiweni zokuhlala noma indlu yokugezela, uma ungakavava ngaphambi kwesikhathi isithando somlilo. Iqiniso ngukuthi leli gesi elingenawo umbala nokuhogela (okungukuthi, "alinikezwe thina emenzweni"), ibopha i-hemoglobin yegazi kanye nokugxila okuphezulu iyakwazi ekugcineni ukukhokha ukwazi futhi kuholele ekufezeni umphumela obulalayo.
Emakhaya lapho kungekho zitolovu, ugwayi obhemayo uphenduka abe ngumthombo oyinhloko we-carbon monoxide. Inani elithile liqukethe ekuqedeni izinjini zezimoto. Vele, amandla wale mithombo awenele ukuze 'afe kuze kube sekufeni.' Emithanjeni emincane, i-carbon monoxide ibangela ukubhebhetheka kwekhanda, ukubulawa yindlala komoya-mpilo, ukugcwala, ngokuvezwa kwesikhathi eside - ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-atherosclerosis.
Izinhlayiya zothuli lwezulu ziqukethe izinto ezahlukahlukene, njenge-quartz emsulwa noma ingxube yezinto eziphilayo. Ubukhulu bamanga anothuli ochungelo kusuka ku-0.1 kuya ku-10 ama-microns (99.9% wezinhlayiya ezisemoyeni wethu unezikhulu ezifika ku-1 microme). Izinhlayiya ze-micron ezingaphezu kwe-10 (i-sandbank, impova) zixazululwa ngokushesha, izinhlayiya zothuli zisuka ku-0,2 kuya ku-5 μm emoyeni izinsuku eziningana, nezinhlayiya ze-arosols ezingaphansi kwamagesi. Ngakho-ke, hhayi kunoma yiluphi uthuli ungasusa isicoci esijwayelekile sokuhlanza ne-rag emanzi.
Ama-microorganisms. Ukuphela kwesithombe, ake sithi eminye imithombo yokungcola - kungumuntu uqobo, izilwane zakhe azithandayo nezilwane ezifuywayo. Basakaza amagciwane namagciwane, kanye nezinhlamvu zesikhunta nokubumba. Kunelulela ukuthi amagciwane namagciwane atholakala kuphela ezakhiweni zokuhlala. Ososayensi baseSweden bathuthukise indinganiso yokuthi umuntu ngamunye abahlala kuwo kufanele abe neminyaka engu-25 m3 yomoya. Uma lobu bukhulu buncipha, amathuba okudlulisela izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ukungcola okuyinhloko
| Ukungcola komoya okuyisisekelo | Ubukhulu obuvumelekile bokuhlushwa (i-MPC) *, MG / M3 | Imithombo yokungcola |
|---|---|---|
| I-Dourger Gas (Co) | 1.0 | Imoto, intuthu kagwayi, ipuleti legesi |
| Nitrogen oxides (nox) | 0.04. | Imoto, Isitofu segesi |
| Sulfur oxides (sox) | 0.05 | Hhla |
| Ipheshelweshi | 0.03 | Ifenisha, ukufakwa kokwakha |
| I-formaldehyde | 0.003. | « |
| Tyrerene | 0.002. | Ukufakwa Kwezokwakha |
| IBenzopire | 0.000001. | Imoto |
| Ozone (o) | 0.03 | OFFICE OFFIED OPTION |
* - Lapho kuvezwa entweni ethile phakathi nosuku.
Kunenkinga eyodwa eseyenzekile eYurophu futhi kusisongele. Isibonelo, eJalimane, umphumela womzabalazo wokulondolozwa kokushisa ezakhiweni zokuhlala ngokufakwa kwezindonga namafasitela acwebezelayo anamawindi acwebezelayo anamafasitela amaningi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwezifo ze-allergic . Inkinga isithathe izikali zombuso. Isizathu ukunciphisa ukushintshana komoya kanye nokwanda komswakama ngenxa yokubekwa uphawu ngokuphelele. Izindlela zokuhlenga zaziwa: umoya omncane omncane noma umoya omncane wokuphambanisa. Kepha uma amaJalimane enquma izinkinga zawo maphakathi: athuthukise uhlelo lokungena komoya wokungena kwezindlu zawo, amafasitela amhlophe aseRussia acwebile emafulethini abo aphoqelekile ukuba alwe yedwa.
Ukubukwa okunjalo kungaqhutshelwa ku-infinity, kepha asifuni ukusabisa ekugcineni umfundi. Isivele ipende isithombe esimnandi sempilo yomuntu edolobheni lanamuhla. Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuphuma?
'' Umoya we-quomitters ''
Izindlela zokuhlanza umoya zamanje zihlukaniswe ngokukhethekile izinhlobo ezintathu eziphambili, okungukuthi: Adsorption, ionizing (elektroniki) ne-Photocatalytic. Imvamisa, izinto zasendlini zihlanganisa izindlela ezimbili zokuhlanza futhi zihlome ngesihlungi sothuli.
Enye indawo etholwa yindlu yokungcola lapho amanzi asebenza khona njengendawo yokuhlanza amanzi (ngokwesibonelo, uthingo, e-USA noma uThomas, eJalimane). Ngaphezu kothuli kanye nokungcola kwasekhaya, ukuhlanza okunjalo kwe-vacuum kudonsa ngempumelelo konke ukungcola kwama-molecular kuyancibilika emanzini. Lokhu kungukungathandeki kwesicono esinjalo, ngoba akusingeli ukungcola okungafakwanga. Futhi zifaka wonke ama-esters umuntu azizwa athi "iphunga elingaphezulu", i-phenol nge-formaldehyde, i-carbon monoxide, ukuhlanza i-vacuum ngemizuzu engama-30 g amanzi, okukhuphuka kakhulu umswakama egumbini.
Isimiso esifanayo sisuselwa emsebenzini we-chandelier yeChizhevsky, okuyinto abakhiqizi bayo abakhangisa ngayo kabanzi. Ukuba nezimpawu ezingenhla (ukukhiqizwa kwe-ozone nokungakwazi ukubhekana nokungcoliswa kwama-molecular ama-molecular), le divayisi inesici esihlukile. Uma umqoqi wothuli kumadivayisi ashiwo ngenhla usebenzela ipuleti elikhethekile elinesisekelo, elisendaweni engena ngaphakathi, khona-ke "ukungena" eChizhevsky ama-Chizhevsky ama-chandevsky izindonga, ubulili futhi ikakhulukazi uphahla lwegumbi. Kumane nje ugijimela kubo futhi unamathela ngokuqinile uthuli lokulala, futhi akulula ukuyihlanza.
I-Photocatalytic yokuqala yokuhlanza i-Aerolaffs terract, imodeli ethi "Sezhezh 12" ivele ithengisiwe. Izinzuzo zayo zifaka ukungatholakali kwemininingwane engaguquki: izihlungi, amapuleti, njll Kuyideskithophu noma isibani sodonga. Ngaphakathi kwe-plaffone eyenziwe ngengilazi ye-porous, i-photocatalyst iyasetshenziswa. Umoya oqhutshwa ngumlandeli ngedivayisi uhlanzwa konke ukungcola namagciwane. Isicoci somoya senzelwe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo. Okubi kwalo kufaka phakathi ukusebenza okuphansi - 12 m3 / ihora kuphela.
I-Japanese Traction Daikin ikhiqiza futhi ithengise i-acef33av1-c (H) eRussia, efakwe izihlungi ezintathu: i-mechain - ukugeza uthuli oluncane kanye ne-photocatalytic - ukubola ukungcola kwamamoleksi. Idivayisi ibhekana ngokuzenzakalelayo kokubukeka kwentuthu kagwayi - ijika futhi isebenza kuze kube yilapho umoya osekamelweni ubahlanzekile. Zingalawulwa ukude ngesilawuli kude, kukhona isibali sikhathi, kunikezwe i-turbo.
Izincomo zethu
Izisombululo ze-Universal, njengokuhlala njalo, abikhona. Uhlobo ngalunye lokuhlanza umoya lunezinzuzo zalo kanye nobunzima obuthile obuthile. Ukukhetha kuncike ekungcoleni ukungcoliswa kwekamelo namandla ezibonakalayo.Ngeshwa, azikho izinzwa zasendlini ukukala nokuqapha kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwezinga. Izinzwa ezikhona zisabela ekuqoqweni kothuli emoyeni futhi akunangqondo kakhulu ekungcoleni kwamangqamuzana ama-molecular. Uma uhlala eduze komgwaqo onguthelawayeka, awukwazi ukungabaza ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-carbon monoxide (co) kanye ne-nitrogen oxides (nox) endlini kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwejwayelekile. Uma ifulethi lakho linefenisha kusuka kwi-chipboard ekhaleni elibi, kungenzeka, ngokunokwenzeka, ukugcwala kwe-phenol ne-formaldehyde kuzokwandiswa emoyeni.Imininingwane enembile ngokwengeziwe mayelana nokwakheka komoya kunganikeza ama-sanepidempstations (SS) kanye nezinsizakalo zezemvelo zedolobha. Ngemali elinganiselayo, abasebenzi babo baya endlini, balinganise izilinganiso, idatha yenqubo bese bebika umphumela.
Izici zokuqhathanisa zezihlanza zomoya wasendlini
| Ibizo | Umgomo Wokusebenza | Ukukhiqiza, M3 / H | Indawo enconyiwe yegumbi, m2 | Amandla, w | Uthuli lomndeni | Ukungcola kwamangqamuzana okuguquguqukayo | Intengo yokuthengisa, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Philips HR 4320 / B, Holland | Ukuzokulungwa | 150. | amashumi amathathu | 70. | +. | - | 150. |
| I-Philips HR 4320 / A, Holland | Ukuhlunga, ama-adsorption | 150. | amashumi amathathu | 70. | +. | +. | 210. |
| Bionair SH-0840, Canada | Ukuhlunga, ama-adsorption | 60-120 | amashumi amabili | 80. | +. | +. | 277. |
| I-BionAir FE-1060, eCanada | I-adsorption, electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 75-145 | 24. | 80. | +. | +. | 173. |
| Bionear F-150, Canada | I-adsorption, electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 85-255 | 35. | 80. | +. | +. | 208. |
| Bionair LC-1060, Canada | Ukuhlunga, ama-adsorption | 200. | 24. | amashumi amahlanu | +. | +. | 205. |
| Bionair LC-1460, Canada | Ukuhlunga, ama-adsorption | 80-200. | 34. | 80. | +. | +. | 277. |
| Toshiba FC, Japan | I-FILTRATION, Photocatlysis | 170. | amashumi amathathu | 120. | +. | +. | 450. |
| I-Honeywell Da-5010E, USA | Ukuhlunga, ama-adsorption | 175. | ishumi nesishayagalombili | 90. | +. | +. | 189. |
| I-Honeywell da-5018E, USA | Ukuhlunga, ama-adsorption | 221. | 22. | 90. | +. | +. | 237. |
| I-Honeywell DA-1000E, USA | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | amashumi amahlanu | amashumi amabili | 115. | +. | +. | 200. |
| Delonghi pa 290, Italy | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 290. | 46. | 86. | +. | +. | 240. |
| Delonghi PA 393, Italy | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 393. | 52. | 120. | +. | +. | 276. |
| "Super-plus", eRussia | I-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | isishiyagalombili | ishumi nanhlanu | isihlanu | +. | - | amashumi amabili |
| I-Aerolaife "Sewzh 12", eRussia | I-FILTRATION, Photocatlysis | Okuqophele imali | ishumi nanhlanu | 40. | +. | +. | 160. |
| Uthingo, e-USA | I-Vacuum Cleaner | 300. | 700. | +. | +. | 1750. | |
| Daikin ace3dve, Japan | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 180. | amashumi amathathu | 27. | +. | - | 860. |
| Daikin acef3av1-c (h), japan | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. I-FILTRATION, Photocatlysis | 180. | amashumi amathathu | 27. | +. | +. | 860. |
| Thomas Compact 20s, Germany | I-Vacuum Cleaner | 1400. | +. | +. | 267. | ||
| USanyo Abs-110, eJapan | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 126. | 26. | 45. | +. | +. | 135. |
| USanyo Abs-111, Japan | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 126. | 26. | 45. | +. | - | 145. |
| I-Electrolux Z-7010, Sweden | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 330. | 66. | 70. | +. | +. | 199. |
| I-ElectrolUX Z-7020, Sweden | Ukuhlunga, i-electrostat. ukuzokulungwa | 330. | 66. | 70. | +. | +. | 299. |
Qaphela. "+" - Ukuhlanza; "-" - Akahlanzekile.