Silandisa ngezinzuzo nokubi kwamagumbi anamakamelo amathathu emakhaya ahlukene futhi abonise ukuthi abaklami nabaninimasikezi baklanywa kanjani.
Ifulethi enamakamelo amathathu - isikhala esenzelwe ukwamukela inani elikhulu labantu. Emakhaya anamuhla, zonke izimo zinikela kulokhu: uphahla oluphezulu, indawo ecabangayo yamakamelo, amathuba okuvuselelwa kabusha. Ezakhiweni ezindala kukhona ama-nuances abo: imvamisa bahlangana namakamelo amancane futhi angakhululeki ngophahla oluphansi. Esihlokweni sethu, sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe izici zokuhlelwa kwamakamelo amakamelo ama-3 ezindlini zezinhlobo ezahlukene.
Konke mayelana namashejuli
Emakhaya aseSoviet- Stalinki
- Khrushchevki
- Brezhnevki
Ezindlini Zanamuhla
Imibono yokubhalisa
Ukuhlela amakamelo anamakamelo amathathu emakhaya aseSoviet
Ukuhlelwa kwamakhaya aseSoviet kuzohluka ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha. Amakamelo angaba aseduze, adlule futhi ahlukane. Amakhono ezinto ancike ekutheni kungenzeka ukwenziwa kabusha. Imvamisa ezakhiweni ezindala ungabhekana nenkinga yezindonga ezincanyana futhi uhlanganise izindlu zokugezela ezincane, kepha kunezindlu ezinophahla oluncane, amakamelo amakhulu okuhlala, avumela abaklami ukuba bathande indawo.
Utatilink
Izindlu zalolu hlobo zakhiwa kusukela ngo-1933 kuya ku-1960. Okokuqala kwakhiwa amaphrojekthi we-copyright futhi kwacatshangelwa imithetho emihle, ngakho-ke kukhona izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zama-Stalinds: uphahla oluphezulu cishe amamitha amathathu, amakhishi amakhulu namakamelo. Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zaqala ukwakha ngawo-1950. Kuzo, amaphrojekthi wokuklama wendawo yokuhlala anesizotha kakhulu.
Izici zeTresca eStalinki zingokulandelayo: uphahla oluphezulu, igumbi lokugezela elihlukile nendlu yangasese futhi lihlukaniswe ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Imvamisa ezikhaleni zokuhlala lapho zinamafasitela abanzi, kukhona amakamelo okugcina, kanye namakamelo anokufakelwa okuhle okuzwakalayo. Le ndawo iyahluka futhi incike ezakhiweni ezahlukene. Amaminithi afaka izinto eziphelelwe yisikhathi nobunzima bokuvuselelwa kabusha: Iphrojekthi ngokwayo ayifanele ukwenza, njengoba ungazi zonke izici zesakhiwo esidala.
Khrushchevka
I-Khrushchev ejwayelekile yeza izongena esikhundleni se-Stalinkam, yakhiwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950 kuya kuma-1980s. Ngalesi sikhathi, abaklami bashintshiwe futhi bathuthukiswa ekhaya.
Qaphela ukuthi ezakhiweni zokuqala, i-Treshki ibingaphumeleli: ukwakheka okukhulelwa, izakhiwo ezincane, ophahleni oluphansi. Amakamelo ayeseduze futhi edlula, futhi okukhulu kunakho konke kwawo kwakuseduze negumbi lokugcina. Ukuhlelwa kwamakamelo amakamelo ama-3 ezindlini zephaneli yalolu hlobo kuhlukaniswa ngumsindo ompofu nokufakwa okushisayo kwezindonga. Amaningi we-Khrushchevka kulokhu anosayizi omncane wasekhishini, ngakho-ke uma kulungiswa isikhathi sethu, abanikazi bezindlu bazama ukuwafaka okungenani ngosizo lokuhlukaniswa okusobala. Kukhona enye inkinga emizini yalolu hlobo - imigwaqo emnyama nencane.
Ngo-1960-1975, uTheshki wayenendawo ephelele yamamitha-skwele angama-44. m, lapho amamitha-skwele angama-32. m kwakuyindawo yokuhlala. Ubukhulu bekhishi bungamamitha-skwele angama-5.5-6. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970s, kwaqhamuka izindlu ezintsha eziyisishiyagalolunye, indawo enamakamelo amathathu kuyo yanda yaya kumamitha skwele angama-53. m.
Brezhnev
UBrezhnevka ubhekwa njengezinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe zeKhrushchev. I-quadrature yabo yanda, izakhiwo zihlukaniswe komunye nomunye, zifakwa amafasitela amakhulu, futhi amafasitela nezindawo ze-mezanine engenhla kwacatshangelwa. EKhrushchev, ikakhulukazi kwakukhona ama-balconies, ama-loggias abanzi avele eBrezhnev.
Ubukhulu obujwayelekile beTreshwal eBrezhnev - kusuka kumamitha-skwele angama-48. m kuya kumamitha-skwele angama-56. m, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zanamuhla, akunakwenzeka ukuba kubizwe ngokuthi yipuleti. Kuyo yonke le nkathi, abaklami bathuthukise izakhiwo, ngakho-ke ukwakheka nezici zabo ziyehluka. Isibonelo, emibhoshongweni yezindlu, usayizi wasekhishini ufinyelela kumamitha-skwele ayi-10. m.
Izindlu Zanamuhla
Ama-Treshki emakhaya anamuhla ahlukaniswa ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamapulangwe nosayizi: zithengiswa ngamakamelo aqhelile, aseduze nawadlula. Futhi kukhona ama-studio amakhulu ngesakhiwo samahhala esisho ukuthi amabutho azayo azokwakha izindonga kulezo zindawo lapho zidinga khona. Kodwa-ke, nganoma yiluphi ushintsho ngaphakathi efulethini, kuyadingeka ukuxhumanisa kanye nephrojekthi yomuntu ngamunye.
Izakhiwo zesimanje zinezinzuzo eziningi phambi kwezindlu zohlobo lwakudala. Amaphrojekthi ahilela izinga elanele lenduduzo, izakhiwo zokuhlala zizama ukungabi nezindawo ezihamba phambili. Uma kuqhathaniswa namaphrojekthi ajwayelekile, izakhiwo ezintsha zihlelekile futhi zingajwayelekile: kunezikhala zokuhlala ezisezingeni eliphakeme, izindlu ezine-panoramic noma amafasitela aseFrance, kanye namanye amaphrojekthi afaka ubukhona be-balcony-trace. Izici zezakhiwo zihlukile endlini ngayinye.
Imibono engu-3-Igumbi Igumbi Design Imibono
Inketho Yabantu Abadala Ababili
Igumbi elinamakamelo amathathu, elihloselwe abantu ababili, likuvumela ukuthi ubonise inganekwane futhi uqaphele izinketho eziningi zokuklama ezithokozisayo: shiya igumbi lokuhlala negumbi lokulala eli-master, bese egumbini eliseleyo ukwenza indawo yokulala yezivakashi noma ihhovisi. Isibonelo, njengalezi zithombe zefulethi elingamagumbi ama-3 kugalari. Kuyenzeka ukuthi amaqabunga ashiye izingane ezizayo.
Inketho yomndeni nengane eyodwa
Kulokhu, kunikezwe igumbi elilodwa ngaphansi kwegumbi lokuhlala, imvamisa yilowo omningi kakhulu. Ezinye izakhiwo zisele ngaphansi kwenkulisa nekamelo lokulala. Esikhaleni esikhulu, umndeni uzokwazi ukuchitha isikhathi ndawonye, bese ubuyela emakamelweni abo.
Inketho yomndeni nezingane zeminyaka eyodwa
Inketho ye-Design eyedlule ingabhekwa kulokhu. Uphakamisa ukuthi izingane zikhule egumbini elilodwa: ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukuthi zizodlala ndawonye, zifunde futhi zabelane ngezimfihlo zazo. Ukuba khona kwezingane eyodwa kwenza ukuthi kuhlele igumbi lokuhlala eligcwele eligcwele negumbi lokulala labazali. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma izingane zakho zobulili obuhlukile, indawo yokuhlala ehlanganisiwe kungenzeka kuze kube isikhathi esithile, khona-ke uzodinga amakamelo okulala ahlukile.Inketho yomndeni enezingane zeminyaka ehlukene noma phansi
Uma ezinganeni zomndeni zeminyaka ehlukene noma ubulili, badinga amakamelo ahlukile. Imvamisa, abaqambi banikela ekushisekeni igumbi lokuhlala futhi bahlele wonke amakamelo okulala. Uma ikhishi libanzi, bese kuba indawo ejwayelekile isikhathi.
