Kanjani ukwenza umquba ngezandla zakho

Sikutshela ukuthi yini engenzeka futhi engeke isetshenziselwe umquba nokuthi ungawuphekela kanjani.

Inhlabathi ngaphansi kokufika kudinga umanyolo ojwayelekile. Ukusetshenziswa konyaka kuyachichima, kwenza kungakulungele ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwezitshalo. Gcwalisa ngokushesha ukusilela kwezinto ezi-macro kanye nezinto zokulandela umkhondo kuzosiza umanyolo we-organic, okuphephe futhi okunobungane. Abanye babo benza ngokwabo. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukulungiselela umquba ngezandla zakho. Tshela kuzo zonke izinkampani zenqubo.

Konke mayelana nokulungiswa komquba ozimele

Yini

Izingxenye zokuhlanganiswa

Imiyalo yokupheka

- Ukukhetha kwendawo

- Ukulala

- Ukuhambisana nemibandela

Yini umquba nokuthi yini elusizo

Umquba ubizwa ngokuthi yi-organic ejenti ebolile: izinsalela zezitshalo, iziqongo, i-husk, imfucuza yokudla, ukhula. Konke lokhu kuba yizinto eziluhlaza zokucutshungulwa, okwenziwa ngamagciwane kanye nezibungu. Ehlelweni lomsebenzi obalulekile, baliguqula bacebe ku-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, e-potassium kanye nezinye izinto ezingaphansi. Ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, ukufudumala okungokwemvelo kwengxube kwenzeka, okubulala izibungu zezinambuzane namagciwane e-pathogenic microoorgan.

Ngokuya ngendlela yokupheka, umentshisi ongezansi kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya konyaka. Kumkhiqizo osuqediwe, inqwaba ye-humus. Lona yinhlabathi enkulu yenhlabathi, "ephendula" ngokuzala. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bayisebenzisa ngenkuthalo ukuze bavuse imibhede. Ingxube inezinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwezinye izidakamizwa.

Umquba wezinzuzo

• Ungahlambi emhlabathini ngemvula noma ukunisela okuningi.
• Kuqukethe inani elifanele lezakhi ze-macro nezilandelwayo.
• Kuthuthukisa ukwakheka nokwakheka kwenhlabathi, akuphazamisi ukushintshana komoya.
• Ngemuva kokusondela emhlabathini, ngokushesha kuza ekuphenduleni naye, kunikeza izakhi zomzimba.
• Akunabungozi ezitshalweni, enhlabathini nasezilwaneni.
• Ukweqisa akunakwenzeka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxube ye-compute ibhekwa njengomunye wamanyolo ongabizi kakhulu futhi oshibhile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kusetshenziselwa ukupheka imfucuza okukhona kunoma yiliphi ipulazi.

• 

Izingxenye zokuhlanganiswa

Ukulungiselela i-substrate, izinhlobo ezimbili zezinto ezingavuthiwe ziyadingeka.

Isisindo esiluhlaza

Lezi yizingxenye ze-nitrogen: Ukungcola kwezithelo nemifino, iziqu kanye namaqabunga ezitshalo ezahlukene, utshani obude, ukhula, njll. Ziqukethe i-nitrogen eningi, esekela ibhalansi ye-nitrogen-carbon kubhukumaka lomquba.

Isisindo esinsundu

Lezi zingxenye zohlobo lwe-carbon: ama-chips, utshani, amakhadibhodi noma iphepha, amagatsha achotshoziwe, amagxolo, amaqabunga awile. Bonke banezinqolobane ze-fiber. Kuzoba yindlela yokudla yezakhi zama-microorganisms abola i-organic. Baphinde bacebise umanyolo we-micro ne-mactroelemements, uyidabula.

Ukuthola umquba ojwayelekile, izinto ezingavuthiwe zibekwa izingqimba. Kulokhu, isisindo esinsundu sishintshana ngombala oluhlaza. Owokuqala uqinile futhi womile, owesibili uthambile futhi umanzi. Kuyadingeka wazi ukuthi umenzeli wokuhlela ubolile ngezindlela ezihlukile. Imfucumfucu yekhabhoni okuxekethile iqukethe i-oksijini eminingi, badinga i-nitrogen yokubola. UNitrogeny, ngokuphambene, ukubola kudonsa umoya-mpilo. Ukuze ugcine ibhalansi, cishe inani elifanayo lazo zombili izinhlobo zezakhi ziyadingeka. I-OPTAMPAL ibhekwa njengesilinganiso se-Green and Brown Mass 1: 1. Zibekwe ezingxenyeni noma zixube. Ukwakheka kwezigaxa ezinkulu ngasikhathi sinye akwamukeleki.

Kuncane ngawo umquba ongakwenza. Kunezinto zokwakha ezikubeka ngokwezingosi ezingokwezwe. Sibalabalalisa.

Yini engafakwa emgodini womquba

• I-perennial nokhula nokhula ngama-rhizomes.
• Izingxenye zeziguli ezinezitshalo. Amagciwane ezifo ngeke afe futhi kamuva alimaze ingadi yonke.
• Iphepha elicwebezelayo nelihlanganisiwe, ama-fabric Flaps, ikakhulukazi anemibala.
• Amaqabunga asanda kuqoqwa. Zibolile kancane.
• Izingcezwana zezilimo ezihlala ziluhlaza, izingcezwana ezinkulu zokhuni. Konke lokhu kugcwele kakhulu.
• Ikhasi lanoma iyiphi i-citrus. Kuyasabisa izibungu, kuthinta kabi ama-microorganisms.
• Izinsalela zokudla zemvelaphi yezilwane, izingcezwana ezinkulu zamathambo. Badinga isikhathi eside ukulayisha ngokweqile, kanti iphunga elingathandeki kakhulu liyavela.
• Amapulasitiki, ingilazi, zokwenziwa.
• Ukutheleleka ngama-herbicides, ama-pesticides kanye nezinye izinsalela zezitshalo. Bazobhubhisa i-microflora ewusizo.
• Izilwane zeFekalya Carnivorous nabantu. Bangaba nezinsimbi ezingafi ngesikhathi senqubo yomquba.
• Amasiko aqukethe izinto ezinobuthi ama-microorganisms. Leli yi-rocket, i-acronite, Klsevin, lily of lily, kanye nawo wonke amatshe, kufaka phakathi utamatisi namazambane.

Kanjani ukubeka umquba

Okokuqala, sizojwayelana nendlela ebonakalayo yokupheka otshaweni otshanini. Kulula futhi kutholakala. Imvamisa, i-bookmark yenziwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, khona-ke kuze kube sekupheleni kwayo umkhiqizo uzobe usulungile. Ungakwenza ekwindla, lapho izinto eziningi zichithwe. Ngaphezu kwezinto eziluhlaza, izikhwama zepulasitiki zizodinga. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi inkulu futhi iqinile.

Abalimi basebenzisa amaphakheji wokwakha noma udoti ojwayelekile wevolumu ephezulu, engcono kakhulu ku-150-250 amalitha. Ezikhwameni, okuqukethwe kufakwe ngokuqinile, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyigaya. Ngaphambi kokulala kancane. Izendlalelo zigcwele umhlaba. Amaphakethe agxishwe ngokuqinile avaliwe futhi asuswe ukugcinwa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu, izinto ezingavuthiwe zizalela futhi zizobe zilungele ukusetshenziswa.

Kodwa-ke, imvamisa ingxube ilungiswa ngenye indlela. Le ndlela yendlela yakudala lapho uvuthwa amaqabunga avela kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye kuya kweziyishumi nambili. Nguye owasebenzisa iningi labalimi. Sizohlaziya igxathu negxathu, indlela yokwenza umquba.

1. Khetha indawo yokubekisa uphawu

Isakhiwo esihle kakhulu sezinqumo zomquba webhokisi lengxenye ukuphela kwengadi. Nakhu kufanele kube yingxenye. Imisebe yelanga yehlisa ukuwohloka kakhulu. Izihlahla, ikakhulukazi ezinkulu, akufanele zisondele. Uhlelo lwabo lwezimpande olunezimpande luthola umthombo wamandla futhi lenzeka kulo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngesikhathi sokulungela kwe-substrate, izimpande zimane "zihlukaniswe" kusuka ezintweni eziningi eziwusizo.

Indawo kufanele imbozwe okusalungiswa okuqinile nemimoya. Ekwakhiweni okumnandi okuthe xaxa, izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa. Futhi yehlisa izinqubo zokubola. Yebo, uma kunendawo eyanele yamahhala eduze kwesakhiwo ukubeka ingadi ye-trolley. Kuzokwazi ukwehlisa umkhiqizo oqediwe kanye nokuthekelisa emibhedeni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzofanela ukugqoka amabhakede, angeyona elula.

Umzuzu obalulekile. Okuqukethwe yiComposette akufanele kunyamalale. Ekushiseni, kufanelekile. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi iphuzu lokuhlukanisa lamanzi litholakala eduzane. Inqwaba yomquba noma umgodi inketho elula kakhulu ehlelweni. Izinto ezivuthiwe zibekwe ngqo emhlabathini noma emseleni wangaphambi komba. Ukuze kungamemi, iziqongo ngotshani, utshani obomile, njll. Isixha esinjalo akuyona into enhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke ingashiswa phansi ngocingo oluphansi.

Ukupheka i-substrate kungaba ebhokisini elenziwe ekhaya. Ngokwenziwa kwayo, bathatha i-non-in-inhlanganyelo negridi yamaketanga. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukujikeleza komoya kwamahhala. Udonga lwangaphambili luvame ukwenziwa lususwa ukuxuba okuqukethwe. Abalimi abanolwazi beluleke ukuhlukanisa ibhokisi lezingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kuzo, izinto ezingavuthiwe zibekwa ngezikhathi ezihlukile. Kuyinto elula kakhulu.

Kukhona umenzi wefektri walowo manzi wefekthri. Lezi iziqukathi zepulasitiki ezingenazinhlangothi ezingenazinhlangothi ezinama-compartments amaningi nohlelo lokungena komoya. Kubo, inqubo yokukhohlisa ayiyeki ebusika, uma kungekho frost enzima. Noma yiziphi zalezi zinketho ezintathu ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukulungiselela umanyolo ogcwele we-organ.

2. Ukuhlelwa kwezinto zokwakha

Emgodini noma ekhabetheni, izinto zokwakha zidlula ngokulinganayo, ngoba zisekela umswakama oqhubekayo kanye nokushisa. Futhi ivolumu kanye nokubekwa okuminyene, okusheshayo okuvuthiwe kudlula. Ilungele umgodi ubukhulu be-2x1.6 m, ukujula kwe-oda lemitha. Inqwaba yomquba akufanele kube mkhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvuthwa kuzoncipha. Ukuphakama kungenzeka kungabi ngaphezu kwe-120 cm, isisekelo cishe yi-100x100 cm.

Ukunquma ngobukhulu, qhubeka nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo. Ngomsele we-inqwaba noma umgodi wedijithi. Esimweni sokuqala, bajula e-Bayonet shovel, kwelesibili ekujuleni okuhlosiwe. Isendlalelo sokuqala sibekiwe. Lawa ngamagatsha anciphile kunoma yisiphi isihlahla noma i-shrub: ama-currant, ama-apula izihlahla, ama-raspberries. Bayadingeka ukuthi uketshezi olwakhiwe ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa alwemi ngobuningi, futhi lwaphela phansi.

Ngemuva kwalokho ungqimba wokuqala ugcwele. Uma kusengaphambili ngonyaka odlule kugcinwa, khona-ke kuzoba yindlela engcono kakhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, inama-microorganisms asebenzayo azokwelula ngokushesha ithebhu entsha. Uma kungekho impahla yonyaka odlule, ungqimba wokuqala wabeka inqwaba yensundu, wayihlaza, eguqulwe yinhlabathi noma umquba. Izinto ezibonakalayo zifiseleka ukugaya, izingcezu ezinkulu azidingeki. Ukubakhipha, kwesinye isikhathi kuyasetshenziswa isihlungo esikhulu. Faka impahla eluhlaza ngokuqinile, ukuhlukunyezwa kancane.

Ukuchitheka nge-biotrust, isisombululo semvubelo noma ukumnika amakhambi. Ukulungiswa kokugcina kuthatha noma yiluphi utshani ngaphandle kwembewu. Izingxenye ezimbili zokuhlaza okotshani zingeza izingxenye ezimbili zenkukhu udoti, izingxenye ezingama-20 zamanzi. Konke kuxutshwe, okumbozwe ngefilimu lapho izimbobo zokugeleza komoya-mpilo. Khombisa ekushiseni, ngezikhathi ezithile uvuselelwe. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, lapho nje ukuvutshelwa kuyema, ukumnika sekumi ngomumo. Kungenzeka ukuchitha amanzi ajwayelekile, kepha izengezo zizosheshisa kakhulu ukuvuthwa.

Intambo elandelayo izingqimba kanye nohlelo olufanayo: izingxenye eziluhlaza, nsundu, inhlabathi. Bese empeleni icubungule. Ngemuva kokugcwalisa ivolumu, amazwe noma sawdust buls. Mboza ngotshani noma ukudlulisa umoya ngokubheka impahla, isibonelo, spunbond. Akunakwenzeka ukumboza ngefilimu, kungukuqonda, okuqukethwe yileso sakhiwo kuqala ukubola.

3. Sinikeza izimo ezijwayelekile zokuvuthwa

Ngenqubo yokuvutshelwa, umswakama owanele ufuna cishe ama-45-70%. Okungukuthi, isisindo somswakama kufanele sifane nesiponji esicindezelwe. Impahla eyomile iniselwa, omile. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile - lisukela ku-28 kuye ku-35 ° C, uma lidlula ama-60 ° C, ama-microorganisms afa. Ukushisa ngokweqile kususwa ngokuqukethwe okushaqisayo.

Ukuze ukuwohloka kube umfaniswano nokugcwala inqwaba ye-oksijini, kuphenduka njalo. Ifosholo noma iForks iguqula impahla ngokuhambisa izingqimba ezingenhla phansi. Kwenze okungenani kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-16. Unganaki le nqubo akufanele. Lapho isisindo esivame ukuxutshwa, kuvuthwa ngokushesha.

Iseluleko sethu sizosiza ngokuzimela ukulungiselela umanyolo owusizo we-organic. Ingxube ebandayo ibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukuzala kwenhlabathi kubuyiselwa. Ibekwe ngesikhathi sokufika, i-mulch imibhede, ilethe intwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukuphela komkhawulo ukusetshenziswa komanyolo omusha wezitshalo aqoqa ama-nitrate ngoba kune-nitrogen eningi kuyo. Umkhiqizo wonyaka wesithathu usetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemikhawulo.

•