Ungayikhetha kanjani impompo yokushisa ekhaya futhi uvikele amaphutha ajwayelekile lapho ufaka

Sikhuluma ucingo futhi sifake amaphampu okushisa, imishini eyengeziwe kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingahlangabezana nazo.

Amaphampu okushisa asebenza njengezimo zomoya. Kwesinye isikhathi ukusebenza kwawo kwamandla kucishe kufane. Ngasikhathi sinye, idlula le nkomba kumadivayisi wokushisa womklamo wendabuko, ngokwesibonelo, ama-heater kagesi. Le ndatshana itshela ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani iphampu lokushisa lendlu yezwe.

Konke mayelana namaphampu okushisa wendlu yezwe

Iphampu lokushisa linjani

Ukusebenza kwephampu eshisayo

Imishini yokushisa yokushisa

Izinkinga namaphutha angenzeka

Iphampu lokushisa linjani

Impompo yokushisa idlulisela ukushisa kwendawo eyodwa kwenye nenye enezinto ezintathu ezixhumekile ezixhumekile. I-Medium yokuqala isebenzisa umoya wasemkhathini, amanzi noma inhlabathi. Njengowesibili - noma opholile, ama-radiator afudumele, noma amanzi afudumele amanzi, noma umoya we-air yangaphakathi.

Izinhlobo zamaphampu we-thermal

• umoya - Umoya (lolu hlobo futhi lusetshenziswa ezimeni zomoya wasendlini);
• amanzi - umoya;
• Umhlaba - umoya;
• umoya - amanzi;
• amanzi - amanzi;
• Umhlaba - Amanzi.

Ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu kakhulu kwakuyimodeli lapho umoya noma umhlaba usebenze khona, ngoba i-reservoir ilungele ukusetshenziswa akuyona yonke indawo. I-Medium yesibili ngamanzi, ngenxa yokuthandwa kokushisa kwamanzi.

Ngokuya nge-Medium Ording njengomthombo wokushisa, ukuqunjelwa kwamapayipi kuyabekwa, okupholile kuyajikeleza kukho. Ehlelweni lokudlula kulo, okupholile kuthola izinga lokushisa elifanayo nemvelo. Ngemuva kwalokho ungena e-Exchanger Exchanger Exchanger, lapho i-ketshezi uFreyoni ifudunyezwa ngamathumba, atholakala ohlelweni lwesibili. I-Preon gesi ingena kwi-compressor, lapho ifudunyezwa khona ngokuqinile ku-55-75 ° C ngesikhathi sokucindezela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-freeon ingena nge-condenser, lapho igesi evuthayo inikeza khona ukushisa kwenombolo yesibili, emoyeni noma umthwali wokushisa koketshezi ohlelweni lokushisa.

Umdwebo wesekethe wePump Yokushisa: Umthombo wokushisa; 2 - I-contour ephansi yokushisa; 3 - Umfanekiso; 4 - I-Compressor; 5 - I-condenser; I-6 - i-contour yesithathu (ukufudumeza).

Izinketho zedivayisi eyinhloko ye-contour emhlabathini: mpo (kahle) okwenzeka, indawo evundlile.

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Ukusebenza kwephampu eshisayo

Isilinganiso sokusebenza kahle yisilinganiso sokushisa amandla emandleni adliwayo, akhuluma ngokuvama - Mangaki ama-Kilowatt Heater Amandla esithola ugesi ngamunye odliwe ama-Kilowatt. Ukuze uthole i-heater kagesi, lokhu kuhlanganiswa cishe kulingana noyedwa. Kepha ezimoyeni zomoya kanye namaphampu okushisa, kungaba ngu-3.0-5,5.0 nangaphezulu.

Ngokungeziwe empompini yokushisa, uzodinga indlela yokushintshana kokushisa, engabiza kakhulu kunedivayisi uqobo, uma ibhaliwe emhlabathini. Umjikelezo womoya uzobiza kakhulu, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwawo empilweni yansuku zonke kukhawulelwe, kuqala, ngenxa yomsindo obonakalayo okhiqiza fan. Futhi okwesibili, izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphansi esithwalweni esindayo linciphisa ngokushisa kahle kokushisa. Esithwane esindayo, kutholakala insiza yohlelo lokushisa lwe-buvinglent, lapho kusetshenziswa khona imithombo emibili yokushisa. Uhlelo lwe-bivalant lukhulisa uhla olusebenzayo lwamazinga okushisa angaphandle. Isibonelo, idivaysi isebenza kuze kufike ku-20 ° C, futhi ngokunciphisa eminye imithombo eyengeziwe ivuliwe.

Nge-contour yomhlaba ayizikho izinkinga ezinjalo. Ukushisa kwenhlabathi ngezansi kwezinga lokuqandisa akukubi ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C. Ekujuleni kuka-3-4 kuye ku-40-50 m, cishe alingana nokushisa komoya okuphakathi nendawo kwendawo enikeziwe, futhi ekujuleni, kuyaqala ukukhuphuka kancane. Futhi inhlabathi Exchanger Exchanger isebenza cishe buthule.

Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi i-Ground Heating Complex ikhokha eminyakeni engaba ngu-20. Futhi lokhu kungamanani wanamuhla kagesi. Ngokuzayo, okungenzeka, ugesi uzokhula ngentengo, kanye nesikhathi sokukhokha, ngokulandelana, ukuncipha. Impilo yenkonzo ye-thermal pump ebinyezelwe abakhiqizi ngokuvamile idlula iminyaka engama-20, kanye nempilo yenkonzo futhi iza njalo eminyakeni engama-70-100. Ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ngempela, kungahle kube nandaba kwezomnotho.

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Imishini yokushisa yokushisa

Ukukhethwa kwemishini yokushisa kuvame ukuqala ngencazelo yamandla ayo adingekayo. Ukubalwa okushisayo kwegumbi kukhiqizwa, ukulahleka kokushisa okulwa, inani elifunekayo lamanzi ashisayo e-DHW libhekwa. Lesi sibalo sikhokhiswa kangcono nguchwepheshe ukugwema amaphutha. I-oda elilinganiselwa lezinkinga zezinkinga zokubala kumasayithi wezinkampani zokukhiqiza.

Okulandelayo, ungakhetha uhlobo lwedivayisi enaka indawo. Uma onakho ngamanzi amakhulu kakhulu (amamitha angama-cubic angamakhulu amaningana), khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kufanelekile ukubekwa kohlelo. Lesi sakamuva sikhumbuza inyoka yamapayipi aguquguqukayo we-polymer, ibekelwe kahle phansi futhi iphephile lapho ngomthwalo.

Abashisi bokushisa bomoya balungele impela izifunda eziseningizimu nezwe lethu noma izinhlelo ze-bivalent. Zingabekwa ebangeni elifinyelela ku-30 ​​m kusukela ebhlokini elingaphakathi. Eqinisweni, balwela ukuhlela eduze kwasekhaya inqobo nje uma imigqa emide yokuxhuma inyuka ukulahleka futhi inciphise amandla awusizo. Ngokufanelekile, lolu udonga oluyisithulu lwendlu, kude namafasitela amakamelo okulala.

Ipharamitha ebalulekile iyindlela yokushisa ephansi yangaphandle kwimodi yokushisa. Ngokuvumelaniswa ngokukhethekile kumamodeli weqhwa, kungaba -25 ° C.

Umqoqi womhlaba ungahlelwa ngezindlela eziningana. Isibonelo, ngesimo sokubekwa okuvundlile kwe-ende (amamitha angamakhulu amaningana) epayipini endizeni ene-gluing ngenhla kweqhwa (imvamisa 1.5-2.0 m). Ipayipi lingabekwa eduze komngcele wesayithi noma inyoka, njengepayipi elifudumele eliphansi, kodwa ngesinyathelo esikhudlwana. Inani eliphelele elihlala endaweni yalomhlaba linamahektare ambalwa, futhi amathuba okusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwalomhlaba kukhawulelwe kakhulu. Ngeke ikwazi ukunciphisa ingadi noma izitshalo izihlahla. Ngakho-ke, abanini bamakhaya abaningi babheka ukubekwa komqokeleli kungenangqondo futhi bakhetha imithombo emincane, ngesimo semithombo eminingana ehlukaniswe komunye nomunye ngo-5-10 m. Noma ngesimo se- "imithombo" Iphuzu elilodwa ebusweni, kepha hhayi ngokuqondile, futhi ngaphansi kwe-angle kuvame okungenani ama-30 ° in Azimuth). Indlela "eqondile" enjalo yokonga esigcawini, kepha inyusa izindleko ezingama-30-50%.

Ngobuchwepheshe bezinto zobuchwepheshe, iphampu lokushisa lingcono ukufaka isicelo sendlu yezwe lapho uhlala khona isikhathi eside. Bazuza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ngokuhambisana nezinhlelo "ezifudumele" ", ezingesinye isikhathi. Umphumela wezomnotho uzoba ngokuqondile ngokuqina kokusetshenziswa. Ezimweni ezifuywayo (ingxenye yaseYurophu yeRussia), izinketho ze- "Brine (Umhlaba) - Amanzi" ane-mpo kama-mpo kwakuvame kakhulu. Banikeza amathuba okubambisana okugcwele kwemithwalo yokushisa nama-gvs cishe ngokuzimela kwezimo zezulu.

Shisisa ipompo ngethangi elakhelwe ngaphakathi nebhethri.

I-Outer block of Air Heat Exchanger.

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Izinkinga namaphutha angenzeka

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani lezinkampani ezibandakanyekile ekwakhiweni nasekufakweni kwamaphampu afudumele anda kakhulu. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, kuvela izinkinga eziningi lapho uhlelo lokushisa luphela ukusebenza noma lusebenze kahle. Futhi-ke, abanini baningi bathola ukuthi ukushintshwa okulula kwemishini bekungeke kwenzeke - kuzofanela kulimale yonke indawo, ukuze kuphinde kwalimaze amamitha ama-peile amapayipi.

Wonke amaphutha angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:

• Amaphutha abekwenzile ekwakheni izinombolo zohlelo lokushisa;
• Ukusebenza kwebhande lomsebenzi.

Uhlelo olungalungile lokushisa luzobe lungelona olunamandla olwanele noma alungazimele amandla ama-aves aphambili. Esimweni sokuqala, iphampu lokushisa elinjalo alilungele ukufudumeza kwendlu yezwe. Esimweni sesibili, ngokwesibonelo, uma i-contour yangaphandle ingaphumeleli, ingozi yokuqandisa ngepayipi kwenzeka.

Inhlabathi Heath Exchanger

I-Exchanger Exchanger yenhlabathi ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile, ngedivaysi leyo yayo evame ukuvela kakhulu. Siqukethe amamitha amade (angamakhulu amaningana) wentambo yamapayipi, asongelwe ngamasongo emikhondweni noma ebekwe emthonjeni owodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Amaphutha ayisisekelo kudivayisi:

1. Amadayikhali wepayipi angaphansi.
2. Ukonga okungadingekile ezintweni zokwakha nobuchwepheshe. Okwezinhlabathi zokushisa kwenhlabathi, i-polyethylene isetshenziswa yonke indawo, ehambisa amazinga okushisa amabi kahle. Kepha ukusetshenziswa kwe-polypropylene kuyiphutha eliphelele. Ukuxhunyaniswa kwezingxenye zamapayipi, kufanele ukhethe kuphela izinto ezihambisanayo ezihlose ukufakwa komhlaba, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthembekile be-welding.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kokufakelwa okushibhile okushibhile, okunika okugeleza ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa yokusebenza. Kubalulekile ukuhlikihla kahle imithombo ukuze uhlolo lube nokuxhumana okuhle kwenhlabathi nomhlabathi. Kulokhu kahle, ugesi osungulwe kahle ugcwele ingxube, izici ezenziwa ukushisa kwazo ezingezinhle kunalokho kwenhlabathi. I-Bentonite kuleli cala ayilungile, njengoba inezakhiwo ezishisayo. Kunconywa ukugcwalisa imithombo ngesihlabathi ngokuhlanganiswa okuncane kwe-kentonite kanye nosimende. Kepha ukusetshenziswa kwamatshe e-chip ngamaphethelo abukhali, ngokwesibonelo, imfucumfucu - kufanele ayikhishwe.
4. Isikhundla esiseduze kakhulu semicu noma imicu yepayipi komunye nomunye. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukucwila kokushisa kuzokonakala epayipini, futhi inhlabathi ingaba yiqhwa kakhulu - impompo yokushisa izoyeka ukusebenza.
5. Ukubekwa kwamapayipi avundlile emhlabathini kujule kakhulu, ngaphansi kwezinga lokuqhwa. Inhlabathi ingaba yiqhwa kakhulu futhi ngeke ibe nesikhathi sokufudumala isikhathi sasehlobo.
6. Ukubeka umqoqi kusondele kakhulu ebusweni. Ngamaqhwa abucayi ekupheleni kobusika, ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi kuzokuwa kakhulu.
7. Phezu komqoqi, kunezakhiwo noma izakhiwo eziphazamisa ukushintshana ukushisa. Kule ndawo, i-permafrost "eyingqayizivele, i-lens yeqhwa, engeke ibe nesikhathi sokufudumala isikhathi sasehlobo senziwe.

Umjikelezo wokushisa okushisa womhlabathi cishe awulungele ukulungisa. Uma kunokuvuza okupholile ngenxa yokuthoselwa kwemishini yepayipi noma ikhwalithi yayo engeyinhle, khona-ke intambo idinga ukujaha noma iguqulwe.

Umgodi onomthombo wamanzi

Imvamisa, ungacabangi ithonya lemithombo. Ibanga elijwayelekile lingu-10 m ngokujula okuphezulu okungaphezulu kwama-60 m. Uma zitholakala ibanga elingaphansi kwe-8-10 m kusuka komunye nomunye, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwandisa ukujula nenani lemithombo ukuze uqinisekise izinga elidingekayo of energy recoil.

I-contour ibekwa ekujuleni kuka-0.8-1.4 m, ngakho-ke awudingi ukusebenzisa imishini yokumba. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ihlala endaweni enkulu kakhulu, ekhawulela amathuba okuhlobisa idivaysi yomthetho, amathrekhi amaningi, imibhede, ukutshala izihlahlana.

Qamba i-contour evundlile

Ukuqamba amaphutha, ngaphezu kobude obunganele, kunokunye ukujula okunganele kokubekwa kwayo. Ekujuleni okuphansi kwemvelo kuthinta kakhulu izinga lokushisa le-coolant. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi sokushisa, izinga lokushisa le-contour lingancipha futhi liwele ukusebenza kahle kwemishini. Ngenxa yokujula kakhulu kokubeka, umhlabathi ozungeze uhlelo awunasikhathi sokufudumala ehlobo. Kuyafaneleka ukusho enye yemibono eyiphutha yokuthi umqoqi kufanele abekwe ngaphansi kokujula komhlaba oqhwa.

Ukusebenza okungalungile kwensimu

Umqoqi kufanele atholakale ukuze athole ukushisa okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka emvelweni, wandise ukubuya kusuka ekushiseni kwenhlabathi ngenhlabathi efudumele, amanzi emvula. Ukusebenza okungalungile kwendawo lapho umqoqi ovundlile etholakala khona, futhi kuholela ekwehlulekeni ohlelweni. Ngaphezulu komqoqi ngeke bakhe izakhiwo, ukubeka i-asphalt noma umgwaqo. Uma i-geothermal Heat Exchanger ingaphansi kwe- "pule", khona-ke i-ice lens yakhiwa yidivaysi efriziwe nenhlabathi ezungezile kungenzeka.

Amaphutha ekubaleni

Imvamisa, lapho kubalwa, wonke amanani ngaphandle kwesitoko akhonjisiwe. Isibonelo, uma umqoqi wegazi ubalwa ngenxa yomqoqi womhlaba, kungu-20-30 w kusuka kumamitha ajwayelekile, lapho-ke lapho kubalwa kuthathwa njengo-30 W. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, bakhetha futhi "inani elifanele kakhulu" ukubalwa. Kwenziwa amaphutha afanayo futhi lapho ukhetha iphampu yokushisa. Isibonelo, esikhundleni semodeli engama-24 kW, idivaysi enamandla ayi-17 kW ayifakiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, idivaysi ayikwazi ukubhekana nemithwalo ephezulu. Iphutha lezimpawu ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokubalwa ezenziwe kumazinga aseYurophu. Noma kunjalo, ubusika bubanda futhi buyaqhubeka isikhathi eside kunalokho, ake sithi, eJalimane. Ukuze kubalwe, imithethonqubo isebenza ezicini zesimo sezulu zesifunda sokwakha kufanele isetshenziswe.

Ukufakwa okungalungile kwezindawo

Abakhi kungenzeka bangabi nokungalungile ukufaka izindawo zokushisa zohlelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukufakwa kwepompo yokushisa akumele ubunzima, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngamamodeli wesizukulwane sakamuva. Abakhiqizi abaningi bakwamanye amazwe banikela ngezinhlelo ezihlangene ngokuphelele. Bayi-monoblock equkethe zonke izinto, kufaka phakathi i-freen-water heath exchanger.

Ukufakwa kwemishini kuqukethe ukufakwa kwayo esisekelweni esiqinile, ukuxhuma kugesi kanye ne-wire wiring kusuka kumqoqi opholile wangaphansi. Yize kwesinye isikhathi kunezinye izindawo zamaphutha. Isibonelo, yenza kufanelekile kusuka ekunikezelweni kwamanzi kunhlabathi eshintshi, okuvinjelwe ngokuphelele.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile nezindlela zokulungiswa kwazo nazo zichaziwe etafuleni.

Ukuphambeka	Umphumela	Indlela Yokulungisa
Ubude be-Pipeline banganele bokujikeleza kokushisa okuyisisekelo	Ukuqaqalwa kwe-coolant ku-pipeline	Ukuvula i-exchanger yokushisa noma idivaysi eyengeziwe ye-contour
I-Heat Exchangerour Pipe Ububanzi	Uhlelo lwamandla olwanele	Ukushisa okuphelele kwe-Exchanger
Indawo esondele kakhulu ye-Wells noma i-Heat Exchanger Pipeline Threw	Ukuqaqalwa kwe-coolant ku-pipeline	Ukuvulwa kwe-exchanger yokushisa noma idivaysi yomjikelezo owengeziwe noma kahle
Ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi e-polypropylene, ukufakwa kwezingcingo	Ama-tepes apholile	Ukushisa okuphelele kwe-Exchanger
Idivaysi ngaphezulu kwe-contour yezakhiwo ezivundlile ezivimbela ukufinyelela kokushisa kusuka ebusweni bomhlaba	Ukuqaqalwa kwe-coolant ku-pipeline	Izindawo ezikhipha izinsiza