Sikhuluma ngezinzuzo zamanyolo wentwasahlobo, imibono yazo nokuthi iziphi izidakamizwa ezikhetha ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zesitshalo.
Wonke umlimi ufuna ukuthola isivuno esihle. Kepha umphumela awuxhomeki kuphela kumagama ahlukahlukene, ukufika kanye nokunakekelwa, kanye nokulungiselela inhlabathi ukufika. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kudla ukunikezwa kwezakhamzimba futhi, uma kungenjalo ukukubuyisa, izitshalo azikhuli kahle nezithelo. Sizoyithola ukuthi sizondla kanjani umanyolo wamaminerali entwasahlobo.
Kuvidiyo emfushane, kutshelwa amaphuzu aphambili avela ku-athikili. Bona ukuthi ayikho isikhathi sokufunda
Futhi manje sitshela okuningi.Konke mayelana nokudla kwasentwasahlobo okunamaminerali
Kungani edinga
Izinhlobo zezimali
Okulethwa entwasahlobo
Kungani udinga i-prelisa
I-Agronomis minyaka yonke yenza ukubalwa okulula ukunquma inani elidingekayo lezakhi zokutshala izilimo. Ngasikhathi sinye, izitshalo ezandulelayo zibhekwa, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilandelwayo zihlukile. Ngokufanelekile, abalimi bangenza okufanayo, okungukuthi, ukwenza ukuhlaziya inhlabathi ukuthola okuqukethwe kwezinto ezahlukahlukene kuyo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukubala umthamo owufunayo wezidakamizwa.Isikhathi esihle sokubeka uphawu kumanyolo, ochwepheshe babheka izinyanga zentwasahlobo. Lokhu kuchazwa yizici ezimbili.
Kungani intwasahlobo isikhathi esihle kakhulu?
- Kungenzeka ukubala umthamo wezinto ngokunemba ngokunemba ngangokunokwenzeka kwisiko ngalinye.
- Inani lezidakamizwa lingancishiswa. Zonke izingxube eza entwasahlobo zisetshenziswa ngokushesha yizitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele babe mancane kakhulu. Ukuphakelwa kwekwindla nakho kungenzeka, kepha ebusika iningi lezinto eziwusizo kakhulu ziyagezwa emhlabathini noma zichithwe. Ngokwesilinganiso, akukho ngaphezu kwama-20% asalayo.
Abasizi bezolimo babela izikhathi ezintathu lapho kunconywa khona ukufaka umanyolo ngomhlabathi ngezidakamizwa ezitholayo. Chaza ngamunye.
Izikhathi ezintathu lapho umhlaba ungavundiswa khona
- Eqhweni. Ingxube ihlakazekile ngesembozo seqhwa saqala ukuncibilika. Inzuzo enkulu - umsebenzi wenziwa ngokushesha futhi kalula. Kepha kukhona ababi. Akunakwenzeka ukubala umthamo oyifunayo, kusukela ingxenye yamanzi angenalutho. Akunconywa ukubhekana nodaba lwe-organic, kuvunyelwe ukusakaza eqhweni kuphela okuxubile kwamaminerali.
- Ukulungiselela Ukulungiselela. Ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa ephaketheni lomhlaba. Ngakho-ke banesikhathi sokungena ekujuleni kwesendlalelo senhlabathi. Inzuzo yendlela - umthamo onembile.
- Lapho kufika. Ingxube isembozwe ku-fossa yokutshala noma i-groove. Ububi obukhulu bendlela yendlela okungamathuba aphezulu okuhambisana nomthamo. Bala futhi ulinganise inombolo oyifunayo yama-granule noma i-powder awwenzeki njalo.
Lapho kunqunywa inani lezidakamizwa, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuyadingeka ukondla amasiko phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhula. Umthamo ophelele owenziwe ngasikhathi sinye uzokulimaza kakhulu kunokuhle. Kungcono ukuyiphula okungenani izinhlelo ezintathu.
Izinhlobo zezidakamizwa
Ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi yimiphi umanyolo wamaminerali enziwa entwasahlobo, thola ukuthi zenzekani.Kunokwakhi okuphelele nokulula. Owokuqala uqukethe izithako eziningana ezisebenzayo, eyokugcina eyodwa kuphela.
Ukuhlukaniswa okulula kube ngamaqembu amane.
Nitrogen
Isakhi esiyinhloko - i-nitrogen. Kwandisa isisindo esiluhlaza, kwandisa isivuno samasiko. Ngokuntuleka kwento ezitshalweni, kuvela izimpawu ezingemnandi. Babonakala ngokugqamile ikakhulukazi e-polenic, kufaka phakathi amazambane notamatisi, esihlahleni se-apula kanye nama-sitrobheli. Lokhu ukuvela kokuphunyuka okubuthakathaka okubuthakathaka, ukukhula kancane, ukwehla kwenani lama-inflorescence. Amaqabunga esithelweni abe obomvu, emifino - ophuzi, abe mancane, athuthumela. Konke lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwethula izingoma ze-nitrogen. Le yi- "Sulfate Ammonium", "Ammonia Selith", "Calcium Selith" nabanye.
Ngaphambi kokuthi ufake isandla, kubalulekile ukubala kahle inani elidingekayo. I-Nitrogen Overdose iyingozi ngoba iqongelela ezitshalweni ngesimo se-nitrate. Okweqile kwabo kungayithinta kabi impilo. I-nitrogen idingeka kakhulu emasikweni aluhlaza, utshani ku-lawn, izihlahla ngesikhathi sokubonakala kwamahlamvu.
Potuqe
I-potassium iyadingeka ukuze ithole i-nitrogen. Kukhulisa izinga lokwakheka kwamaprotheni, kunciphisa inani lama-nitrate, kusebenze ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezimpande. Ikakhulu kuyadingeka ezitshalweni zezimpande nokuxhashazwa. Isibonelo, izaqathe, ugalikhi, iminsalo. Kubo, ukunyuka okujwayelekile. Izimpawu ze-potassium deficit: stim stem, ukukhula kancane, izindawo zombala onsundu noma omnyama epuletini leshidi. Imiphetho yephepha iyafa ngaphandle, kumiswe okuthiwa isinqe. I-Sheet Plate ijikeleza ngeshubhu.
Izingoma ze-potassium ezivame kakhulu yilezi: "Potassium Chloride", "uCalius Sulfate", "Potash Selith".
Ifosphorus
I-Phosphorus inyusa isivuno, yandisa okuqukethwe ushukela ezithelo, kusheshise ukuvuthwa kwawo. Ngokushoda kwento, izibonakaliso ezinjalo ziyabonakala: Ukuhluma kabi kwembewu, imiphetho yepuleti yamaqabunga iyagoqwa, yomile, amaqabunga ambozwe ngamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimbali namahlumela akhubazekile. Lezi zimpawu zisuswa yi- "superphosphate ephindwe kabili", "superphosphate" nabanye.
Izimali eziyinkimbinkimbi ziqukethe izinto eziningana, ngamunye wawo onomthelela wawo. Kungaba khona ezimbili noma ezintathu zazo, zingahambisana nezinto ezilandelwayo. Imvamisa ezivandeni zisebenzisa i- "Dammophos", "Nitrommophos", "nitroposk" nabanye. Imikhiqizo ikhiqizwa ngohlobo oluningi nelitshe. Esimweni sokuqala, lokhu kuyimpuphu noma amagremu. Kunikezwe imiyalo yokusetshenziswa, ngoba ukweqiwa kokudla kungathandeki kakhulu futhi kungaba yingozi.
Yini umanyolo wamaminerali okudingeka kwenziwe entwasahlobo
Isikhathi sentwasahlobo sethulwa kahle ngokwethulwa kwezakhi zomsoco. Kuhle ukwenza okuthengiswayo, ukubeka imikhiqizo ekujuleni kwama-200 mm kwinqubo yokutakula.Amanani ajwayelekile ento ngayinye ngesilinganiso sendawo eyi-10 m2
- I-nitrogen 300-350. Lokhu kungaba "i-ammonium nitrate" noma "urea".
- Potash 200 g. I-potash selitra ilungele noma "potassium chloride".
- Phosphoric 250 g. Ungathatha i- "superphosphate".
Uma kuhlelwa i-ejenti ebanzi, umthamo ubalwa nezinkomba ezimaphakathi. Ake sihlale kumalungiselelo adingekayo ekutshalweni kwezilimo ngazinye.
Kuma-sitrobheli kanye nama-sitrobheli
I-Strawberry entwasahlobo idinga fade ngomanyolo wamaminerali. Ibanjelwe ezigabeni. Owokuqala udlula ngokushesha nje ngemuva kweqhwa kwehla, kepha vele enhlabathini efudumele. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye kwathulula ilitha lesisombululo seNitrommofoski. Kulungiselelwe, kuncibilika 1 tbsp. Isipuni sezimali ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Esikhathini se-bootonization kanye nokuthela amajikijolo, ama-potash kanye ne-phosphorus ahlanganisa. Ngokuqinile ngamanani afanele. Kakade ngemuva kokuqoqa amajikijolo futhi kamuva ekwindla anikela.Ezihlahleni zezingadi nezihlahlana
Intwasahlobo yezihlahla nezihlahla i-nitrogen ebaluleke kakhulu, esiza ukuthola isisindo esiluhlaza. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqeda izinso, kukhubazekile embuthanweni ogoqayo. Okwezihlahla zezithelo - ama-plums, ama-cherries, izihlahla ze-apula, kanye nokuhlobisa, njenge-tui noma i-TIS - Mhlawumbe i-Ord Notion lapho amagremu engezwa emhlabathini. Lapho-ke ukuthambisa okuningi kuphoqelekile.
Izihlahla zingcono ukondla ngodaka oluwuketshezi. Kwa-Gooseberry, ama-raspberries noma ama-currants, amalitha ama-5 kashukela azokwanela. m.
Ngemuva kokuchithwa okuphelele kwamaqabunga, kwenziwa ukondla okungavamile. Yilungiselele kusuka ekuxubeni okuyinkimbinkimbi. Imvamisa ngethambo (ama-cherries, ama-plums, i-alchi) Lungiselela isixazululo esingu-0.5%, imbewu, efana ne-pear noma isihlahla se-apula, sidinga ukwakheka kuka-0.02%. Okwezihlahla ze-berry, kukhona ukondla ongeyeliwe. Kwenziwa ngenyanga ngemuva kweyokuqala. Okokudla kwesibili entwasahlobo yamanyolo wamaminerali, ama-raspberry, ama-amajikijolo, ama-gooseberries nezinye izihlahlana zifuthwe ilitha lamanzi ku-15 g le- "superfate" kanye ne- "potassium sulfate". Okuhle engeza ezinye izinto zokulandela umkhondo: Bor, Manganese, njll.
Ngomvini
Ukuthola isivuno esicebile, amagilebhisi entwasahlobo adinga ukondla ngomanyolo wamaminerali. Okokuqala izindlela zifakwa esikhathini sokuqala sentwasahlobo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokususa indawo yokukhosela. Ngekota. m ama-120 gr. I-Superphosphate, 50 g ye- "Potassium Sulfate" ne "Urea". Okuhle engeza umquba owengeziwe nokhuni. Isonto ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali, kudliswa yisixazululo esiwuketshezi sanoma yimuphi umenzeli ophelele. Kwephule ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo. Umjikelezo wesithathu wenziwa ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngemuva kokuqala amajikijolo. Isixazululo esinamanzi se- "Sumata Potassium" sisetshenziselwa i-1 litre esihlahleni samagilebhisi.Ngemifino
Ngaphambi kokutshala imifino, udinga ukwenza ama-macro futhi ulandele izinto. Njengasensimini, zigezwa ngamanzi nezitshalo zizwa ukuntuleka kwazo. Kuhle ukusebenzisa amakhompiyutha ayinkimbinkimbi aqukethe inani elilinganayo lama-macrolements amathathu adingekayo, ngokwesibonelo, "Azophosk". Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi zilandele izinto ngaphandle kwazo. Ama-granules noma i-powder akwenziwe kahle ngendlela eyomile, ngaphansi kwe-poppop.
Uma imifino itshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa, iminikelo yendawo ibhekwa njengendlela enhle kakhulu. Abalimi bakhetha ukufaka umquba abamba ukushisa organic. Kodwa-ke, umanyolo wamaminerali wasentwasahlobo ku-greenhouse uyasebenza futhi. Zihlukaniswe ukuhlwanyela noma izithombo. Ngasikhathi sinye, amagremu ahlanganiswa nomhlabathi futhi afafazwe phezu komhlaba ukuze izimpande zingathinti amakhemikhali. Kwesinye isikhathi emithonjeni noma emithobeni engeza i-organic.
Ngezimbali
Izimbali zizwela i-organic futhi zivame ukudluliselwa kabi. Ngakho-ke, izingxube zamaminerali zincamela zona. Ngakho-ke, kuma-perennials, njenge-delphinium, ama-roses, ishubhu nabanye, kubalulekile ukuthola i-nitrogen ngesikhathi. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa kanye nokwanda okuzinzile kokushisa emhlabathini, amalungiselelo we-nitrogen wenziwa. Ngesikhathi sokuthula, ama-pernnials angashadile adinga ukuxubeka kwe-potash-phosphorous.
I-Agronomis ayinconyelwanga ukunganaki ukusebenza kokudla kwentwasahlobo ezweni nasengadini. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi igama labo lincike endaweni yesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, emadolobheni aphansi nasemigodini bayobanjwa ngezikhathi ezihlukile. Konke kuya ngesimo sezulu. Kepha iqoqo lezinto ze-macro- kanye ne-trace azihlukile ngokujwayelekile. Izimali ezilula noma ezihlanganisiwe ezenziwe ngokuya ngemiyalo zizonikeza izimbali eziningi nokuvunwa okuhle.