Singitshela ukuthi siyabheka endaweni yombhede futhi sinqabe amacebo amathathu: ngemivimbo emibili, emigqeni emithathu kanye nesakhiwo "ngokusho kukaMittlider".
Ezindaweni zokulima eziyingozi, kunzima ukuthola isivuno esiningi esinzileyo. Lokhu kuphazanyiswa yizimo zezulu. Isixazululo esihle - ukufakwa kombambo oluhlaza. Ezimweni zokubamba ukushisa, noma yiziphi izilimo zemifino zikhula kahle, zinezithelo eziningi futhi zinikeze isivuno ngaphambi kwesikhathi esijwayelekile sale ndawo. Kunama-nuances amaningi ekusebenziseni izakhiwo zezolimo. Ake sizibuze ukuthi singayikhetha kanjani indawo yemibhede eluhlaza okotshani onobukhulu be-3x6, 3x4 ne-3x8 metres.
Konke mayelana nokudla okunengqondo okunengqondo ku-greenhouse
Izimiso zokubekwa- Ubukhulu
- I-Orientation
- Izici zokwakheka
- Ukufika mpo
Izinketho zendawo
Iseluleko Esiwusizo
Ungakubeka kanjani imibhede eluhlaza oko greenhouse nokuthi yini okufanele uyicabangele
Ukubeka imininingwane yemithetho ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse ahlangene nemiklamo yawo wonke osayizi. Kudingeka bazi futhi babheke esigabeni sokukhetha indawo yokufaka, kuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka kube yinhlangano efanelekile ye-Greenhouse Space. Sibhala izimiso eziyisisekelo.
1. Ukuphakama nokubanzi i-groz
Ngokuthuthuka okujwayelekile kwezitshalo, ukuphakama kwenkukhu okukhethiwe kubalulekile. Kuncike kakhulu ngohlobo lwenhlabathi.
- Low - 100-150 mm. Isetshenziswa enhlabathini evundile ngaphansi kwesimo sendawo ephansi yamanzi asetshenzisiwe. Ukugcwalisa amabhokisi anenhlabathi ekhethekile akuhlinzekiwe, akunandawo yendawo yabo.
- Isilinganiso - 250-300 mm. Ilungele amasiko ngezimpande ezingaphezulu. Isigaba somthetho emhlabathini wokuzala okuphansi sigcwele i-substrate yezakhi.
- Phezulu - kufika ku-600 mm. Isetshenziswe emazweni anokuzala okuphansi noma ezindaweni ezinamanzi. Egcwele inhlabathi ekhethekile. Kuhle ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinohlelo olude lwezimpande. Dinga ukucheja okujwayelekile.
Ngokukhulisa izilimo zakuqala zaqala ukubekwa amabhokisi afinyelela ku-800 mm phezulu. Bafudumala ngokushesha, okunikeza ithuba lokufika izithombo noma ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Mhlawumbe ukwenziwa ngcono kokushisa.
Ububanzi be-Ridge bukhethwa ngesisekelo sokuthi kuhlelwe kanjani ukunakekela ukufika. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuhlelwa ukufinyelela okuhlangene, 450-500 mm kubhekwa njengokubanzi okuphelele. Ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kwamahhala kwezwe, ukuklama kungaba banzi: 900-1000 mm. Kunoma ikuphi, ingadi kufanele ibe mahhala ukuze ukhululeke onqenqemeni ophambene ukuze wenze wonke umsebenzi odingekayo.
2. Ukuqondiswa ezinhlangothini zomhlaba
Lesi sici sithinta ukukhanyiselwa kwezithombo, ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwayo okufanele. Nokho, lapho zithambekele entshonalanga ziye empumalanga. Lapho-ke zonke izitshalo zikhanyiswa ngokufana phakathi nosuku lokukhanya, kungakhathalekile ukuthi usayizi wazo. Ukujwayeza kulayini waseNyakatho-South kunikeza ukukhanyisa okungalingani. Iyasetshenziswa futhi, kepha imvamisa kuphela ngezinhlobo eziphakeme.
Ezinye izinto zifika uma kwenzeka kubamba ukushisa endaweni ethambekele. Kulokhu, kungcono ukugxila enyakatho uye eningizimu. Amasiko atshalwe ngokuqondile ekuqondisweni komthambeka. Ngakho-ke kuvela "izinyathelo" eziyingqayizivele "ngemifino. Njengoba kunikezwe umehluko omncane ukuphakama, konke ukukhanya kwelanga kwanele ukukhula okujwayelekile.
3. Izici ze-greenhouse design
Ungayithola kanjani ingadi ku-greenhouse incike ekuphakameni kwayo nohlobo lophahla. Empeleni, izixazululo ezinjalo zisetshenziswa kakhulu.
- Uphahla olufulethi lubhekwa njengendawo yonke. Ukuphakama kohlelo kuyafana kuzo zonke izinkomba. Ungenza imigqa emithathu noma emibili, ukutshala izitshalo zanoma yiluphi usayizi.
- Uhlelo lwe-Jump lubandakanya ukuphakama okukhulu enkabeni yegumbi. Lapha kuvame ukubeka udoti wamasiko amade. Okuningi okwengeziwe okwenziwa odongeni.
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-arched. Okuhle ngezinhlobo eziphakathi neziphansi. Bazitshala ezindongeni, futhi isikhungo sishiya indinyana.
Lokhu akuyona umthetho ophoqelekile, ngakunye ngakunye ukhetha isinqumo sakho. Okuningi kuncike ekuphakameni kwesakhiwo. Kungenzeka ngokwesibonelo, khulisa izinhlobo ezinde ku-arched greenhouse. Kubalulekile ukuthi uphahla lukhuphuke kusuka emhlabathini ukuze lwanele ngebanga lokupholisa umoya wamahhala.
4. Ukufika mpo
Ukuze usebenzise kahle isikhala ngaphakathi kwedizayini, indawo ethe mpo iyasetshenziswa. Sibala izinketho ezingenzeka.
- Amabhodwe amisiwe noma amashalofu. Ilungele ama-ampels akhulayo, ama-sitrobheli nawo wonke ama-legumes.
- Uhlaka olunamabhodlela epulasitiki ahleliwe kuwo, amacilongo abanzi, ama-gut ajulile noma amabhodwe. Batshala imifino noma amajikijolo.
- Ama-racks ngaphakathi okunamashalofu anamabhodi aseceleni anamathiselwe. Izithombo zitshalwe kuzo noma amabhodwe anemifino afakiwe.
Ngale ndlela, ukufika kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kufanele kucatshangwe kahle ukukhanyisa. Izimo ezinde akufanele zishaye phansi omakhelwane abaphansi kakhulu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izithombo ezikhulile zizonikeza inani elikhulu lamahlamvu azalwa, azovala ukukhanya. Ngakho-ke, ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla kufanele likhethwe ukuze lokhu kungenzeki.
Izinketho zokulungiselela ezingu-Greenhouse 3x4, 3x6 kanye namamitha ayi-3x8
Ama-garders avame ukufakwa ezindaweni zomkhiqizo ovela kuPolycarbonate. Imboni ikhiqiza ngosayizi 3x8, 3x6, 3x4 metres. Inketho ephelele yokufaka kwabo ukuqondiswa okuvela empumalanga kuye entshonalanga. Udonga oluneminyango lubekwe enyakatho, futhi ukuphela kwezithulu kujikelezwe eningizimu. Lapho uhlela indawo yokufika, imithetho yenhlangano enengqondo yesikhala iyabhekwa.
Imithetho yokuhlela isikhala
- Ububanzi bamavesi kufanele banele ukusebenza okujwayelekile ngamasimu. Isibonelo, ukuze umuntu akwazi ukuhlala phansi angaphuli amahlumela. Ubukhulu obuncane bungama-450-500 mm uma i-batter ihlelwe - 900 mm.
- Ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kwamahhala kwelinye ngalinye kufakwe umugqa. Kufanele abe nokukhanya okwanele, ukushisa kanye nezakhi zomzimba. Kuyadingeka ukuba ibanga lokungena komoya omncane phakathi kweziqu.
- Ububanzi be-girdo kungenzeka bungabi ngaphezu kwemitha, ngaphandle kwalokho lapho usebenza ngokubuhlungu kuzofanela kunyathele emhlabathini. Futhi ayinto engathandeki.
- Eduze komnyango kufanele uhlale isikhala samahhala. Ngakho-ke, uma ingadi ephakathi ihlelwe, kufanele ibe mfushane kunehlangothi.
Lapho ukuhlela kudingekile ukubheka ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iziqongo namahlamvu zizokhula futhi zivale ingxenye yethrekhi. Ukwenza kube lula ukukhetha ukuthi kungcono kanjani ukuthola ingadi endaweni ebamba ukushisa, cabanga ngezinketho ezintathu ezifunwayo.
1. Imichilo emibili
Imigqomo ibekwe eceleni kwezindonga ngendima ebanzi ephakathi. Mhlawumbe izinketho ezimbili ezifanayo. Ekutshaleni kokuqala kubekwa ezindongeni ezinde. Kwesesibili, ngaphezu kwalokho yenza enye ingadi encane phambi kohambo oluhlaza. Thola uhlelo olwenziwe nge-P ngokugcwaliswa okuphezulu kwendawo ewusizo. Kuyabonakala kahle esithombeni.
Umzuzu obalulekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, indawo ithule ukunciphisa ububanzi bendima ukwandisa indawo yokufika. Akunakwenzeka ukwenza lokhu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukunakekelwa kuyinkimbinkimbi. Hlala phansi ehlathini enemigqa emibili. I-oda chess noma indlela yokuhlanza isikwele. Endabeni yokugcina, amahlumela abekwe kuma-engeli wesikwele esingokomfanekiso. Ubude bawo buya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Lesi sikhungo siyindawo yokunisela. Le ndlela ikhulisa kakhulu isivuno.
2. Imichilo emithathu
Ukufika kufakwa emigqeni emithathu. Imvamisa, imibhede emincane itholakala ezindongeni, kepha hhayi nje ama-400 mm. I-Central ibanzi, ngoba unganakekela izihlahla ezinhlangothini zombili. Isakhiwo esakhiwe ngesimo se-P singasetshenziswa, kepha akuvamile ukuba. Amathrekhi yizindima ezihlangene kunazo zonke. I-wheelbarrow lapha ngeke idlule. Awukwazi ukwenza amathrekhi amancane kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukubabeka ngeqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi sezihloko namahlamvu, ezinye zezikhala zamahhala zizovalwa.
Eminyakeni eyeqisayo, kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo ezinqunyiwe ezinemigqa emibili. Zibekwe, zishintshana ngomgomo webhodi ye-chessboard, noma "imigqa". Maphakathi, lapho uphahla luphezulu khona, kufakwa izitshalo ezinde. Kaningi batshalwa nge "chess". Indlela yokuthola isidleke sesikwele nayo ingafakwa. Ngokuningiliziwe ukucubungula indawo egqamile emibhedeni emibhedeni e-greenhouse 3x6 metres esithombeni.
3. Ukuhlela "Mittlider"
IVode yemifino yaseMelika D. Mittlider yathuthukisa indlela yayo yemifino ekhulayo. Ikakhulu, wahlongoza ukwakheka kwe-greenhouse, lapho kudalwa khona izimo ezinhle kakhulu. Ama-garders asebenzisa ngenkuthalo inqubo yawo ukukhulisa isivuno. Noma ngabe kungenzeki ukuthi uhlomise ama-FrAAMS we-FRAAMS njengoba uMittlider eyilulekile, izimiso zalo zokuhlela ziyasebenza.
- Ukuqondiswa kwesakhiwo sokuvikela ukushisa ngokuqinile kusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu.
- Ukubeka ukufika emivinjeni emibili kuphela. Ububanzi be-450 mm ngayinye.
- Izitshalo ezisesigabeni zibekwa emigqeni emibili kuphela.
- Ukuphakama kolunye uhlangothi lwengadi 100 mm. Kufanele kube ngokhuni noma ichithwe ngaphandle kwenhlabathi.
- Ingaphezulu lokufika libushelelezi, ngaphandle kwezinyathelo nezinyathelo. Kulula ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo umanyolo nokunisela.
- Ubukhulu be-Central Pass yi-900 mm noma ngaphezulu.
Isikimu esinjalo se-disembkuration sinomthelela ekukhanyiseni okufanayo kwazo zonke izitshalo, ziqinisekisa ngamunye wazo ukugcwala komoya omusha.
Iseluleko Esiwusizo
Kungakhathaleki ukuthi iyiphi indlela yendawo ekhethiwe, izazi zezolimo zeluleka ukuhlomisa imigodi efudumele. Okungukuthi, amasistimu anokushisa kwemvelo kwangaphakathi. Bacabanga ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kusuka ekuboleni kwe-organic. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlomisa ukwakheka okunjalo. Ngezansi kwebhokisi labamba ukushisa, umquba ugcwele, kungcono ukuthatha iKonsky, umquba kukho. Konke kuvaliwe ngesendlalelo senhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukufudumeza izithombo futhi unikeze ngokuhlinzekwa kwezakhi zomzimba.
Ukushisa kobuchwepheshe kungahlelwa. Ngakho-ke yenza lapho ukufudumeza kwemvelo akwanele. Ngemuva kwalokho amapayipi afakwe engxenyeni engezansi yebhokisi. Ijikeleza amanzi afudumele. Uqhamuka ekushiseni kwe-boiler yasekhaya. Kungenzeka ukubabeka esikhundleni nge-thermokalebel eguqula ugesi ukushisa. Imishini yokushisa iyahlukaniswa futhi imbozwe inhlabathi.
Lapho ukubhuka nokuhlela imibhede, uhlelo lokunisela ngenkasa luhle. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ngoba inciphisa kakhulu isikhathi namandla asetshenziswe ekuthandeni. Inhlangano efanele yesikhala ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse isiza izitshalo ezinengqondo futhi ithole isivuno esicebile.
