Uhlanza kanjani ichibi elisezandleni: Ukubuka konke kwazo zonke izindlela namathiphu awusizo

Sihlukanisa izizathu zokungcoliswa kwezidumbu zamanzi, izindlela ezikhona zokuhlanza futhi zincoma imishini ekhethekile.

Isimo samanzi esitolo se-reservoir singenye yezinkathazo eziphambili zomnikazi wayo. Ku-athikili sisho ukuthi yini futhi kungani ama-reservor angcoliswe, ungawahlanza kanjani ichibi ngezandla zabo nangosizo lwemishini ekhethekile.

Konke mayelana nokuhlanza ichibi elisezandleni

Izinhlobo zemizimba yamanzi

Izinhlobo zokungcola

Izizathu

Izimpawu zamanzi asezingeni eliphakeme

Abakhiqizi bemishini ekhethekile

Izindlela Zokuhlanza

• -Omshini
• Bitionalogical
• Okuthakiweyo
• Ngosizo lwamalambu we-UV
• Esikhundleni samanzi

Khetha izihlungi

Ukuvimbela izimbali ze-algae

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Izinhlobonhlobo zemizimba yamanzi

Amachibi angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amaningana. Owokuqala kufaka phakathi leyo ndawo engaphezulu kwayo engafinyeleli ku-100 m2. Ochwepheshe be-Biology babhekisela kuleyo ntokazi enjalo "puddles" - kunzima kakhulu ukufezekisa ukulingana kwemvelo kwemvelo ngenxa yokuncane kakhulu. Umsebenzi obalulekile walawa machibi kufanele agcinwe ngokuhlunga okuhlala njalo. Uma kungekho ukunakekelwa okufanele ku-reservoir enjalo, kuzoba nokuqubuka kwezimbali ze-algae nama-zams aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nama-zam. Kuyinto "puddles" iningi lamachibi adalwe ezingosini zasengadini. Amabutho avame ukucasulwa ngokuzwa incazelo enjalo ye-nonlaskaya yengqondo yakhe. Akufanelekile ukucasulwa, ngoba leli gama yithuluzi le-biologist le-professional futhi likuvumela ukuthi udale uhlelo olulula noluqondakalayo lokuhlukaniswa.

Amachibi anendawo engaphezulu kusuka ku-100 m2 kuya kumahektha ambalwa abhekisela kwi-ecosystem "echibini". Bona-ke, bangahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu: indawo encane (indawo engaphezulu kusuka ku-100 kuye ku-1 000 m2), Medium (1,000-5,000 m2) futhi amakhulu (angaphezu kuka-5,000 m2). Kubo bonke (inqobo nje uma bekhiwe kahle futhi baqhakambisa kakhulu yizinhlanzi kanye nezimila) kungenzeka ukugcina ukulingana kwemvelo kwemvelo. Lokho wukuthi, i-reservoir efanayo kahle uhlelo olusebenzayo, olusebenzayo olusebenzayo, olusekelwa yi-Equilibrium ngenxa yezinqubo zangaphakathi zebhayoloji. Ekuhlungelweni kokufakelwa (kusetshenziswa izihlungi ezikhethekile) kuzodinga kuphela ezikhathini ezithile zesikhathi, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi se-algae yezimbali enkulu kakhulu. Kuliqiniso, amachibi amakhulu angasese eRussia ayivelakancane, angadala kuphela abanikazi beziza zomhlaba ezinamahektare amaningana.

Sizokhuluma ngezinkinga zokuhlanza imizimba yamanzi eyimfihlo evame kakhulu - kusuka kuma-puddle amancane wokuhlobisa amachibi nendawo eyi-1 000-,000 m2.

Ukuze uvikele ukungcoliswa kwe-reservoir, kudinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhipha emanzini ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokungcola kwemishini. Uma ungudokotela omuhle we-biologist, khona-ke ungakwazi ukugcina umsebenzi obalulekile we-reservoir yakho ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imishini. Abalimi abathandi ngokuvamile kufanele bahlanzwe ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene.

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Izinhlobo zokungcola

Kunezimo eziningi zokungcola. Owokuqala uvalekile ngodoti wemishini - amahlamvu awile, ushizi, amagatsha, izigaxa zomisiwe zezitshalo, impova, i-octoch, kanye namaphakheji we-polyethylene kanye nokunye ukungcola kwasekhaya. Konke lokhu udoti kugcinwa ebusweni bamanzi izinsuku eziningana, bese kucwila bese kuqala ukubola. Okwesibili, ichibi lithathwa njengelingcolile, ingaphezulu kwalo liqiniswa ngefilimu elinamafutha. Imvamisa iphunga kabi. Kunuka kangcono futhi kusuka emizimbeni yamanzi enamanzi ashukumisa kakhulu.

Uhlobo olulandelayo ukulahlekelwa ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane, okungukuthi, ukugcwalisa i-reservoir ngohlobo olulodwa lwezimila, ezicishe zilahla ngokuphelele bonke abanye. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udinga ukubheka ukuthi ungayihlanza kanjani ichibi kusuka ku-ripples kanye ne-tina, lesi sitshalo esinamaqabunga abanzi kanye nama-algae ansundu (anezimbali eziqinile, zigqamisa eziyingozi ezilwaneni, izinhlanzi kanye nobuthi bomuntu).

Ukwanda ukwakheka kwegesi endaweni yokugcina amanzi kungenye uphawu lokungcoliswa kwalo.

Ngenhlanhla, akuvamile ukungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene (ngokwesibonelo, imikhiqizo ye-petroleum). Ububi obunjalo busongela amachibi, abuyiselwe emanzini esivunguvungu ageleza emigwaqweni elayishiwe, noma etholakala ezindaweni ezinesibalo esikhulu samabhizinisi ezimbonini. Ukushaya okungahleliwe emanzini asencane kaphethiloli kusuka ku-Lawn Mower akuyona eyethusayo - kuzoncani ukuthi kungathathwa masinyane ama-microorganisms ahlala emanzini.

Ekugcineni, i-reservoir lapho izinhlanzi zigula kakhulu noma izimpukane kakhulu, nazo azinampilo.

Ngokombono wezinto eziphilayo, okungcolile kubhekwa njengechibi, i-ecosystem yayo isuselwa ekulinganiseni. Ngempela, kumayelana nokulahleka kwalokhu kulingana kukhombisa ukuhlaselwa ngakunye okufakwe kuhlu.

Izimbangela Zokungcola

Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko eziholela ekungcoleni kwe-reservoir.

• Ukuqongelelwa ngokweqile ezansi kwe-OREDICIPS kanye nesikhunta namagciwane ayingozi ahlala kuwo. Ngasikhathi sinye, okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo emanzini kuncishiswa kakhulu. Imiphumela yalokhu ingahluka - ifilimu elinamafutha elivele ebusweni, libunjiwe, njll.
• Ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu kakhulu lezinto ze-biogenic emanzini (ama-phosphorus ahlukahlukene nama-nitrogen amakhompiyutha, okuwumkhiqizo wezinhlanzi nezilwane, kanye nomphumela wenqubo yokubola kwezitshalo ezifile). Umphumela wokugcwaliswa ngokweqile kwe-reservoir ngezinto ze-biogenic ukufuya izimila ezingaphansi (uwing the mutual, i-Rdest, rogolistnik), ukuqubuka kwezimbali ze-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngokuziphilisa kwazo kumane kudingekile i-phosphorus). Izinhlelo ezinenani elikhulu lezinto ze-biogenic nazo zibhekene nesigaxa esiqinile sokuqina kwamanzi. Isendlalelo esiphezulu (cishe isigamu semitha) imvamisa ifudumele kahle, futhi izingqimba ezingezansi zibanda kakhulu, amanzi kuzo amnyama, phansi akubonakali.

Yini okufanele ibe ngamanzi

Ngokuya echibini lakho lilungele impilo yezitshalo nezinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi kuncike ekugcwalisweni kwamanzi alo. Ungayithatha kuphi? Konke kuncike kuziphi izinsiza onakho. Uma eduzane nentwasahlobo emsulwa noma umthombo, u-Ozerzo ugcwaliswe kule mithombo, kodwa kuphela uma uqiniseka ekuhlanzekeni kwawo. Iningi lemithombo yesifunda saseMoscow, ngokwesibonelo, alifanele - kukhona insimbi eminingi kubo. Intwasahlobo, esondela eduze kwemizila yemoto, imvamisa iqukethe ukungcola kawoyela okuwe kubo ngamanzi avunguvungu. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi asedlule esiteji sokulungiselela okuzimele komnotho, ngenxa yalokho okudidekile futhi kuthambisa. Amapayipi wamanzi ayingozi afaka phakathi iziteshi ezihlanganisiwe zokuhlanza aqukethe inani elikhulu le-chlorine. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukugcwalisa ithangi lokuqala, linda izinsuku ezimbalwa kuze kube yilapho izitsha ze-chlorine, futhi kuphela emva kwalokho zigcwalise amanzi. Inketho enhle ngamanzi emvula - ithambile futhi ayiqukethe uLime, ama-nitrate kanye nama-phosphates. Ngaso leso sikhathi izakhi zomzimba ezingezinhle, ukuze kuthi lapho kusetshenziswa, i-algae ngeke yandise ngamandla. Umbuzo kuphela ukuthi ungahlanganisa kanjani inani elidingekayo lemvula.

Ukuqina kwamanzi kanye ne-acidity

Ngokuya ngemvelaphi yayo, amanzi anezimpawu ezihlukile. Okokuqala, ukuqina okuhlukile ne-acidity. Ubulukhuni bamanzi bunqunywa ngokuqukethwe usawoti oncibilikisiwe we-calcium ne-magnesium kuyo. Kunama-degree amaningana okuqina kwamanzi: ngaphansi kwe-4 mg-eq-eq / DM3 - Amanzi athambile, ukusuka ku-4 kuya ku-8 mg-eq / dm3 / dm3 / dm3 - aqine futhi aphakeme kune-12 mg -Eq / DM3 - Inzima kakhulu.

Amanzi anzima kakhulu abangela ukwakheka kwama-deposits ezingxenyeni zokusebenza kwePump, umthombo kanye nemishini yokuhlunga, ngenxa yalokho okuhluleka ukushesha. Izakhi ezithambile kakhulu, izakhi zomzimba ezingezinhle zinciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo, zilungele kabi umsebenzi obalulekile wezinhlanzi. Izinkomba ezikhethekile kanye nama-kits wokuhlola athengiswa ezitolo zasensimini ezivumela ukukala izinga lokuqina kwamanzi. Izinga elijwayelekile lokuqina alikho ngaphezu kwe-7 mg-eq / dm3 / dm3 (200 dh - ama-degree amaJalimane).

I-Acid inqunywa yizinga le-PH Hydrogen Inkomba. Kuncike kakhulu kokuqukethwe kwe-lime, ama-phosphates kanye nama-nitrate echibini, kanye nezinqubo zokubopha. Izinga le-Houtral PH lingu-7. Ngezinkomba eziphansi, amanzi athathwa njenge-acidic, nge-alkali-alkaline. Ngezikhathi ezithile izinga lamanzi acidity kufanele lilinganiswe, ngoba inkomba ingahluka ngemuva kokuwa kwezulu, futhi ngenxa yemiphumela yemisebe yelanga efaka isandla ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali amasha wamakhemikhali. Kala i-PH ingcono ngokuhlolwa kweDop, ngoba ukufundwa kwamaphepha izinkomba ngokuvamile kunembile. Kumanani we-PH asuka ku-6.5 kuye ku-8.5, amanzi alungele izitshalo nezinhlanzi, futhi aphansi noma aphezulu - kuyingozi.

I-acidic medical ingavela ngenxa yokuwa echibini lamanzi kusuka e-peatland ezungezile. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukushintshana ngamanzi ngokwengxenye, faka i-limestone yamanzi noma engeza amalungiselelo afanele amakhemikhali akhulisa i-PH (PH +). I-alkaline ephakathi kakhulu ivame ukwenzeka emizimbeni yamanzi enokungena emanzini kusuka etsheni kakhonkolo noma lokufakelwa, ngakho-ke esiteji sokwakha, zonke izindawo zokhonkolo zinconyelwa ukupenda. Uma kwenzeka izifinyezo, kufanele zisuswe emanzini amaningi futhi zifaka lime ebophayo kuyo. Impahla yokubopha i-lime futhi uyisuse emanzini nezitshalo ezithile ezihlanza ichibi futhi. Isibonelo, i-Curchay Rdest (Patamogen Crispus) kanye ne-Algae Hara Roundly (Chara ASpera) - U-Lime Cork uhlala ezihlahleni zakhe. Nge-alkalinity ephezulu yamanzi kuyo, ungangeza amaphilisi we-Peat noma izikhwama ze-peat.

Abakhiqizi bemishini yokuhlanza

Kwethulwa izinkampani eziningana zakwamanye amazwe emakethe yaseRussia yemishini ekhethekile: I-Amiad (Israel), Hozelock (United Kingdom), Heissner (Germany). Amachibi amancane (cishe amalitha ayi-1 000), ungafaka izihlungi zezinkampani ezibhekelela ukukhiqizwa kwemishini ye-aquarium: I-Aquael (iPoland), i-HAgen (Italy), i-Sacem (Italy), i-ERA (i-gerany).

Hlunga i-Aquael UNINAXIX 500

Ukuxhuma imishini ye-reservoir (amaphampu, izihlungi) kwenziwa kumaphaneli okulawula kagesi nge-UDO ehlanganisiwe ye-UDO (idivaysi yokuvala ngokuvikela). Nganoma yikuphi ukuvuvukala kukagesi (ukulimala kwekhebula, izindlu zepompo, injini yokuhlunga) ye-RCD ye-10 MC iphazamisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla. Zonke izintambo ezisetshenzisiwe zinezokwehlukaniswa, amandla abo kukuvumela ukuba uhambe phezu kwabo, ucindezele amatshe. Isekhi se-RCD, kanye nezisekelo zengadi (ezivikelwe kusuka kuma-eliwidi ekhiyeleni ama-TEES) kungathengwa ngokwahlukile.

Imishini yokuhlunga itholakala kakhulu ogwini (ngaphandle kwamamodeli angaphansi komhlaba). Ukuze ungachithi uhlobo lokuhlobisa lwe-landscape oluneziqukathi ezinkulu, izihlungi zinconyelwa ukuhlanganisa amatshe wokuhlobisa.

Ungawahlanza kanjani amanzi echibini

Kunezindlela ezine eziphambili: imishini emishini, yemvelo, yamakhemikhali kanye ne-ultraviolet. Ukuhlanza imishini kukuvumela ukuthi ususe imfucumfucu emishini. I-Biological isebenzisa okuqukethwe kwezakhamzimba emanzini. Umthelela we-Ultraviolet Radiation ubulala amagciwane kanye ne-algae yeseli elilodwa. Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali kunciphisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-reservoir.

Indlela Yomshini

Le yinqubo elula futhi eshibhile evumela ukuthi uqede inani eliningi lezitshalo zasemanzini, i-algae kanye nodoti. Umgomo wokusebenza kwezihlungi zemishini kususelwa ekuhambeni kwamanzi ngesitsha esigcwele impahla ye-porous (isihlabathi se-quartz, amatshe amatshe ama-granule). Izinhlayiya ze-organic kanye ne-algae zibambezelekile futhi zixazululwe kusihlungi. Uma kuncipha impahla yokuhlunga, izinhlayiya ezincane kunazo zonke zibambezeleka. Isibonelo sedivayisi enjalo - isihlungi sokuhlanza imishini se-amiad. Ukukhiqiza kwayo kusuka ku-6,000 kuya ku-90,000 l / h, kuya ngemodeli ekhethiwe. Izinto zokuhlunga kuso isihlabathi.

Lapho idivaysi ivinjelwa (imvamisa kulula ukuyinquma - amanzi aqala ukuvela kuwo yonke into ehamba kancane futhi kancane), kufanele ihlanzwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, konke okuqukethwe kukhishwe esitsheni, kuchithwa, kanti isitsha sibekwe okokuhlunga okusha - kuthengiswa emaphaketheni ahlukile ezitolo ezifanayo nemishini yokuhlunga. Abanye abasebenzisi bakhetha ukugeza izinto zokuhlunga. Akunzima kangako uma isitsha sigcwele amatshe amatshe, futhi cishe singenakwenzeka uma isihlabathi. Amanzi afakwe kwisihlungi sokuhlanza imishini aqhutshwa yipompo. Amandla alo akhethiwe ngokuya ngevolumu yechibi nesihlungi esifakiwe.

Ithuluzi lokuhlanza imishini lingaba isono esijwayelekile kunazo zonke, lapho udoti oluntanta khona ebusweni ubanjwa. Uma ungafuni ukwenza lokhu ngesandla, sebenzisa idivaysi ye-skimmer (umkhiqizi yi-oase yaseJalimane). Ingxenye yokuhlunga yesakhiwo ingukufaka esikhundleni seplastiki ka-1.4 amalitha ngegridi ezansi (ubhasikidi). I-Skimmer ibekwe ngqo echibini. Ngenxa yokuthi umphetho ophezulu webhasikidi uphansi kancane kunobuso, amanzi kanye nodoti ontantayo njalo angena kudivayisi. Uketshezi unikezwa yipompo exhunywe kwi-skimmer. Ethangini, ukungcola kwehlela ethangini. Njengoba ubhasikidi ugcwalisa, kuyadingeka ukuhlanzwa, kwanele nje ukukhipha udoti oqongelelwe kuwo. Uma i-skimmer itholakala kude nogu, ingasuswa noma ukuyibuyisa ngenduku eyayigcwele i-hook ekhethekile. Idivayisi inconyelwe ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuhlanganiswa ne-aquamax namaphampu we-ProSPAX (umakhi we-oase, ukupompa kusuka kumalitha angama-50 kuye kwangama-25 kuye kwangama-250 ngehora.

Skimmer juwel sewemim

Ukuhlanza imishini ezansi nezindonga, ungasebenzisa ukuhlanza i-vacuum ngaphansi kwamanzi kusuka kuHeissner noma imodeli ye-Cyprivac (Hozelock) nePondovac (kusuka e-Oase). Empeleni, kungukuhlanza okuvamile kwe-vacuum vacuum cleaner, ukuncela kuphela akuyona nje umoya, kepha amanzi angcolile anokumiswa okuhlukahlukene - I-algae, izinsalela zezitshalo. Njengoba evulwe kakhulu, noma i-Fry nezinye izinto eziphilayo kwesinye isikhathi zingena esihlalweni se-vacuum. Zingabuyiselwa emanzini ngesikhathi sokukhipha ithangi. Izinhlobonhlobo zama-nozzls angeziwe avame ukunamathela ku-vacuum cleaner, okwenza kube khona ukubheka ukukhula kwama-algae ngamatshe noma angene ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, uzokwazi ukuhlanza ichibi elifanelekile nge-wake elifinyelela ku-10 m, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuhlanza i-vacuum kuhlala ogwini, futhi ubude be-hose busukuma ngu-5 m. Ngemuva kokugcwalisa isitsha, I-Vacuum Cleaner icishiwe. Ukususwa kukadoti kwenziwa nge-hose ekhethekile ye-hose. Dlulela ethangini eliya emgodini wamatshe - mayelana nokwakhiwa kwalo kufanele kunakekele kusengaphambili.

Isihlanza se-Vacuum singasetshenziswa kuphela kwimizimba yamanzi ngohlaka lokufakelwa (ukhonkolo, ukwakheka kwe-polymer, amafilimu). I-Pebble ene-PEBble-Post ayivimbi inqubo uma ububanzi bayo bungaphezu kwe-10mm.

Bitionalogical

Kususelwa ekuboleni kwe-biochemical kwezinto eziphilayo (amaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate) ku-methane, i-hydrogen sulfide nekhabhoni diokdide. Kwenziwa amagciwane e-aerobic ne-anaerobic kumadivayisi akhethekile. Izihlungi zokuhlanza eziphilayo zisekupheleni kwazo zonke ezikhethekile kule ndawo yamafemu (imvamisa zihlanganiswa nokuhlunga kwemishini): Amamodeli we-biofoorce kanye ne-ecocel pool kusuka ku-hozelock, i-hezerner Plater Pool. Ku-Biological Filter Chamber, kufakwa into ye-porous (kumadivayisi we-hozeloc - umponji we-foam, emikhiqizweni ye-heisserner - i-porous lava), enomthelela ekuxazululeni ama-microorganisms adla le ndaba. Ubukhulu nenani lezinto zokuhlunga kunqunywa ngokuya ngosayizi wedamu kanye nokuba khona kwezinhlanzi kulo. Ngokusobala, i-reservoir egcwele izinhlanzi ingaphansi kokungcoliswa okukhulu futhi idinga ukuhlanzwa okusebenzayo.

Kusho ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi kuma-micropan ama-reservors, 10 g

110.

Thenga

Enye inguqulo yenhlangano yokuhlunga kwemvelo ukwakhiwa kwe-bioplalat encane eduze kwayo. Asikho isidingo sokuxazulula izinhlanzi - kulokhu, i-bioplalat izoba indawo yokuhlunga ephilayo, i-crustacean zooplankton. Izinga lamanzi ethangini elisizayo kumele liphakeme kancane kunalokho. Umngcele phakathi kwawo ungakhishwa ngamatshe. Amanzi anikezwa amahhanisi ngephampu. Kumangalelwe, kugeleza ematsheni futhi kuphinde kwehla esikhungweni esiyinhloko.

Okuthakiweyo

Ngokungeza ama-reagents ahlukahlukene wamakhemikhali ekwakhiweni, kungenzeka ukubuyisela izinga elijwayelekile le-acidity yamanzi, okubopha ama-ammonia ayingozi nezinsimbi zensimbi, amanzi asogqekeziwe ngo-oxygen, ancibilike i-algae. Uhla lonke lwemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwamanzi ikhiqiza i-Heisserner, e-OSE, ERA, iTetra. Lapho usebenzisa ama-reagents amakhemikhali, kunconyelwa ukulandela ngokuphelele yonke imithamo yemithamo, ngoba amalungiselelo ngamanye (ngokwesibonelo, amalungiselelo ahlukahlukene okuhlanza) emithanjeni eyeqile ayingozi ngaphandle kwezinhlanzi, kodwa futhi nakubantu. Ama-reagents amaningi wamakhemikhali aklanyelwe ukuze izinsalela zazo zibole emanzini kanye nekhabhoni diokside, okungukuthi, akunangozi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ezimweni eziningi kungagwenywa uma kungagcini nje ngokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi nezitshalo eziwusizo ezihlala endaweni yakho yokugcina amanzi. Isibonelo, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Hydroxy Agent Plants (ukushaqeka, i-rogol, i-tilleja, ugut, ama-filineles, elodea). Banikela ekugcwalisekeni kwamanzi ngo-oksijini.

Eduze kwamakhemikhali okuthiwa ahlanza amakhemikhali asebenzisa amaminerali ze-zeolites - abekwe emakamelweni okuhlunga noma afakwe ngqo endaweni yokugcina amagridi akhethekile. Lawa maminerali anesakhiwo se-porous crystal ngozimele owuketshezi, ngenxa yalokho anawo impahla yokukhipha i-phosphorus ne-ammonium emanzini. Ukuze ulondoloze ukulingana kwamakhemikhali izinyanga eziyi-12 echibini elingu-1 000 l, kuphela u-0.5-1 kg we-zeolite wanele.

Ukubulala amagciwane nge-Ultraviolet Rays

Enye yezindlela zokuhlanza amanzi ezingaba khona ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet (i-wavength kusuka ku-180 kuye ku-300 nm), okuthinta ama-virus e-DNA, amagciwane, ama-microalgae bese kubabulala. Isihlungi se-Ultraviolet siyindlu ngaphakathi kwesibani esitholakala khona. Lo mklamo uhambisana nendlela evimbela ukugcwala isibani ngu-Algae. Kungase kusheleleke eceleni kwesibani sepulasitiki, okumbozwe ngaphakathi kwerabha le-foam futhi kuqhutshwa yisibambo esikhethekile esimweni esingaphandle sesihlungi. Ukuze ulondoloze ubukhulu bemisebe ye-UV, isibani sinconywa ukuthi sithathelwe indawo ngemuva kwezinkathi zonyaka owodwa noma ezimbili.

UV Sterelizer Aqueel

Kunochungechunge oluningi lwe-UV Countarbers: I-Bitron Oase, i-Aquauv kusuka kuHeisserner, UVC Vorton owenziwe nge-hozelock. Umugqa ngamunye wethulwa amamodeli amaningana okusebenza okuhlukile. Khetha idivaysi kufanele isuselwe kwivolumu yechibi lakho. Ngevolumu enkulu, izimbali zamanzi amaningi e-ultraviolet zizodingeka.

Ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi okugcwele

Ezimweni lapho ichibi lingcoliswa khona ngokuqinile (ngokwesibonelo, uma lihlala likhona, naphezu kokusebenza kwaphakade kwezihlungi), kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze okunye esikhundleni noma okuphelele kwamanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukwethula amanzi ethangini, ukudlulisela izitshalo bukhoma nezinhlanzi ku-terway yesikhashana (kungaba yichibi elincane noma amabhakethi anamanzi), hlanza ichibi kusuka ku-sludge, uTrina kanye nodoti Ngamanzi ahlanzekile.

Ungakuthola kanjani ukuthi isikhathi sokushintsha amanzi sesifikile? Abanye ochwepheshe batusa ukwehlisa ipuleti emhlophe emanzini: uma ingabonakali ekujuleni kwe-10 cm, okuqukethwe yisikhathi sokushintsha. Abanye bathi ngosizo lwezinhlelo zesimanje zokuhlunga zingahlanzwa noma yiliphi, ngisho ne-puddle eshiywe kakhulu. Lokhu, nokho, kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi nemali. Ngakho-ke emachibini agula kakhulu (angathandeki futhi aqiniswe ngokuqinile ngefilimu elinamafutha) kusanconywa ukwenza amanzi aphelele amanzi. Inkinga enkulu abaniniyo ababhekana nayo lapho ukuguqula amanzi kuba ukususwa kwama-sediments aphansi. Njengoba kwaziwa, il engezansi il icebile entweni ye-organic engaqukethe umoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke, indawo lapho ngizongcwatshwa noma ngithululwe khona, iminyaka eminingana kuzobe kufile - akukho zimila ezingavela lapha. Yebo, uma kukhona inqwaba yomquba esizeni sakho: Hlanganisa il nge-Peat (eyokugcina, kunalokho, iqukethe i-oksijini enkulu) nge-30% ye-puat. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5-6, le ngxube izoba ngumanyolo obaluleke kakhulu. Kepha kuphela uma ukungcola kwamakhemikhali bekungatholakali e-Ile. Ungangeza futhi i-Il entsha njengomanyolo, kepha ngamanani amancane kakhulu - 3-5% wengxube ephelele.

Ukukhethwa kwamadivayisi wokuhlunga

Njengoba sekushiwo, ngeke sixoxe ngobuqili be-biology, ngoba ngaphakathi kwendatshana eyodwa akunakwenzeka ukuchaza yonke imithetho yokulondolozwa kokulingana kwemvelo kokugcina izimpilo. Esihlokweni sethu, kugxilwe kakhulu ekuhlanzeni ichibi ezweni elisebenzisa imishini yokuhlunga. Okuhle kunakho konke, yiqiniso, ochwepheshe bokuxhumana lapho ukhetha - bazokhetha ngokunembile okokusebenza, banikezwe izici ngazinye zeReservoir. Lezi zici zifaka lezi zinto ezilandelayo: usayizi nokujula kwechibi, umthwalo wamanzi (imifino, inhlanzi), ukukhanyisa, iphrofayili engezansi. Ama-reservoirs agelezayo kufanele ahlanzwe hhayi kakhulu njengoba angenzi kahle, - ukuchitha izehlakalo ngaphansi kwezimo zamanzi aguqukayo ahlala njalo. Ukukhanya kwendawo kubalulekile.

Ukuhlanzwa okugcwele kufaka phakathi izigaba ezintathu ezidingekayo: imishini yamanzi emishini, ye-ultraviolet kanye nemvelo. Ukulandelana kwezigaba kungashintshwa: Ukwelashwa kokuqala nge-radiation ye-ultraviolet, bese kuhlanza imishini futhi ekugcineni - ukuhlunga okungokwemvelo. Esigabeni sesibili, isihlungi semishini sizothatha inani elikhudlwana lodoti - futhi sikhona echibini ekuqaleni, futhi sakhiwa ngemuva kokudlula emanzini ngokusebenzisa ama-algaviolet disinfectants (ngokwesibonelo, izigaxa ze-algae). Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuthengwa kokuhlangenwe nakho okukodwa ngeke kuxazulule inkinga yokugcina inhlanzeko. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwe-ultraviolet kubhubhisa i-algae, kepha abawasusi emanzini - Lona ngumsebenzi wokuhlanza imishini. Isihlungi semvelo, ukusebenza sodwa, kunzima ukubhekana nomthwalo omkhulu - kuvame ukuvalwa.

Ungayihlanza kanjani ichibi kusuka ku-algae futhi uvikele ukuqhakaza

Ingxenye engajulile ye-reservoir (ukujula kwe-0.5-0.7 m) akufanele ibe yinkulu kakhulu - ochwepheshe beluleka ukuthi bahlala cishe ingxenye yesithathu yendawo. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngokuqala kwamanzi angajulile kwentwasahlobo kufudumeza ngokushesha nezitshalo eziphansi, izitshalo zezinhlanzi kanye nemikhiqizo yezilwane - okubizwa ngokuthi yi-bitrogenic shoplances awela ohlelweni olunamanzi futhi kubangele ukukhanya kwe-microalgae izimbali. Lokhu kuqhakaza kwesinye isikhathi kunodlame kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi isitoko sezinto ze-biogenic zichithwa futhi ama-microalgae aqala ukufa ngokushesha. Enye i-organic ijikeleza i-oksijini encibilikisiwe emanzini. Futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo, izinhlanzi kanye nokushintshana kwechibi. Le nqubo ye-Flower Flare kanye ne-Zam elandelayo engaphindwa kaninginingi ehlobo. Futhi omncane echibini, okuvame kakhulu ukuba nezehlakalo ezinjalo. Ukuze uthambise futhi welule ngesikhathi ukufudumala phansi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ingxenye enkulu ye-reservoir eyanele izimo zezulu ze-Middle strip yeRussia. Ingaphezu kuka-2,5 m. Ukuze uhlanze ichibi kusuka Imifino futhi wehlise umsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa kwe-algae e-algae eyodwa, i-reservoir kufanele ivikelwe kakhulu kumanani elanga (izitshalo zomjondolo ezintantayo ebusweni noma e-gazebo eningizimu noma i-gazebo). Akunconywa ukuba isithunzi echibini ngosizo lwenduku - ngokushesha ikhula futhi iqale ukuvimba umoya-mpilo emanzini. Lapho-ke kuzodingeka ukuthi ucabange ukuhlanza ichibi kusuka endudweni, futhi ungasebenzisi ukuze kusizakale. Ingxenye engajulile yechibi imvamisa ihlalwa yi-Expaned ngotshani lwamanzi, futhi olunikwa amandla yizinto ze-biogenic futhi zimelane nokukhula okusebenzayo kwe-algae. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidalwa zokuhlunga zihlala emanzini angajulile.

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kwamalungiselelo amakhemikhali kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanetha nge-peat noma nge-zeolite. Lezi izinqubo zesikhathi esisodwa eziphindaphinda ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lohlelo ngokuya ngepharamitha eyodwa (ukuqina, i-acidity, ukushoda komoya-mpilo, ukugcwala okuphezulu). Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwabanikazi bamachibi, kwesinye isikhathi bafisa ukuhlanza amanzi kuphela ngosizo lwamakhemikhali isizini yonke.

Ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokuwa kwamaqabunga, kungakhathalekile ukuthi usayizi wechibi lakho kanye namadivayisi akhethiwe akhethiwe, ngenhla kweleveli yamanzi kunconyelwa ukudonsa igridi - kuzovikela ichibi elikhulu lezehlakalo amaqabunga. Ubukhulu obunconyiwe bama-mesh cell ngu-1 cm2. Ukuze kube lula ogwini oluphambene, izigxobo ziyagibela futhi phakathi kwazo zelula intambo. Igridi igwinye ngale ntambo yakha itende eliphakeme. Lapho amaqabunga amaningi aqongelela kugridi, anikine ngokwanele - amaqabunga azondiza phansi, khona-ke angadluliselwa endaweni eyihlane.

Isethi yokuhlanza ye-Intex Pool

Ebusika, amanzi asongelwa ngeqhwa nephutha. Ukuze ichibi nabo bonke abakhileyo alikho enkabeni, kufanele lijule ngokwanele (ezimweni zomucu ophakathi waseRussia - okungenani 2 m). Ukusuka kude kangako izindawo ezijulile zezitshalo nezinhlanzi ebusika kufanele zifakwe egumbini. Iphutha echibini eliqandisiwe kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo kanye nenani elingaphezulu le-hydrogen sulfide, kuyilapho amanzi ethola iphunga elibolile lezimpawu futhi izilwane eziningi ziyafa. Ukukhishwa okujwayelekile kuzovimba lobu bubi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqhwa liyakhethwa ngokuzidela nsuku zonke: Uma umboza umgodi ngesembozo (ngokwesibonelo, ngokhuni), ngeke kukhulule amanzi ngaphansi kwawo kwamafriji. Okuvelele ekwindla emanzini, iziqu zedwala, i-sitney, i-kasatikov noma i-airla nayo ivumela umoya-mpilo ukuba ungene ezingxenyeni ezingezona ezingezinhle, futhi amagesi amasha aphuma. Kukhona futhi amadivaysi e-aerator akhethekile anikeza ithuba lokunikeza izendlalelo ezingezansi zamanzi ngomoya-mpilo.