Ngabe umoya omncane we-forced udinga endlini yangasese nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani - tshela.
Ukuphefumula endaweni yokuhlala ezweni:
Izinga lobuchwepheshe- Ezindlini Zensimu
- Kwi-IzHS.
Imithetho yokubala nokufakwa
- Zezakhiwo ezingezona zokuhlala
- Amakamelo
Amasistimu aphoqelelwe
Umthelela wamakhulu eminyaka ekhaya elakhiwe ngaphandle komoya omncane. Bekubalulekile ukukhuphuka zonke izikhala lapho okusalungiswa, ukudonswa, amagundane nezinambuzane kungavuthwa. Ekhulwini lethu lamashumi amabili nanye, saphumelela kulokhu ukuthi isimo siguqulwe kakhulu. Izindonga ezingafinyeleleki nama-Windows acwebezelayo acwebezelayo, amadivayisi wesimanje wokushisa awashiyi ukubanda ithuba elilodwa. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ikhwalithi yomoya ilahlekile - iba eluhlaza ngokwengeziwe, noma okuphambene nalokho - yomile, noma kumane akwanele. Umoya omncane ugcina isikhashana. Noma kunjalo, abanikazi be-Suburban Real Estate, bajwayele ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokuzimela, kuphakama umbuzo: Ungayenza kanjani i-hood endlini yangasese.
Izinga lobuchwepheshe
Ngokusho komthetho wamanje, yonke indawo ethengiswayo yase-Suburban ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili - lezi yizakhiwo zasengadini kanye nezindawo ezibizwa ngokuthi yimisebenzi yokwakha izindlu (ezifushaniswa - izhs). Owokuqala wenzelwe ukuhlala isikhathi esithile, owesibili - ukuze unomphela. Esimweni sokuqala, imithetho iye kancane futhi ihlobene nezikhundla eziyinhloko zezakhiwo nezinguquko esimweni sazo, ishiya izici eziningi zobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokunakwa. Kwesibili - kunezindinganiso zezakhiwo zokuhlala.
Ezindlini Zensimu
Kulokhu, umthetho awuphoqeleli ukusungulwa kwanoma yikuphi ukuxhumana. Noma kunjalo, kunesidingo esinjalo lapho kuvela uClensensate ezindongeni nasekubumbeni kuyabonakala. Enye inkomba yiphunga lokudamba nokubola izinto eziphilayo, lapho kwakhiwa khona ukwakhiwa. Okubi okunjalo kutholakala kalula ezakhiweni zokhuni. Lapho kusungulwa izakhiwo zebhulokhi noma izitini, kufanele kucabange kakhulu ukuthi zizongena umoya kanjani.
Ehlobo, esimweni sezulu esishisayo, amafasitela avame ukuhlukaniswa, kodwa ngesikhathi esibandayo, ukushisa okuvela esithandweni somlilo kungadala ukuphathwa kwekhanda, futhi umoya omncane wemthumbi ungaholela ekutheni isidingo sokuphonsa kahle izinkuni. Inkinga yenza kudingeke ukwazi ukuthi izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwe-zero. Uma isakhiwo senziwe ngcono ngokwanele ukuze sihlaliswe ebusika, zonke izincomo zobuchwepheshe kudivayisi yokungena komoya ofanelekile ngesakhiwo sezindlu sezilungele i-Housing Hlasa.
Kwi-IzHS.
Iningi lemikhawulo yethula isinqumo sikaHulumeni Wezimali ZaseRussia No. 47 "ekwamukelweni kokulawulwa kokuqashelwa kwezindawo zokuhlala" kanye nemithetho yokuhlanzeka ye-SP 60.13330.2012:
- Idivaysi ye-VentCanal ayivunyelwe ebangeni elingaphansi kwe-10 cm kusuka kumapayipi kagesi namapayipi wegesi;
- Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlanganisa ama-ducts amakhishi nezindlu zokugezela, kanye nezinye izindawo ezingezona zokuhlala nezindawo zokuhlala. Lesi sakamuva sibandakanya amakamelo okulala, amakamelo wezingane nelokuhlala;
- Awukwazi ukuklama amasistimu lapho kuphuma khona ukuphuma kwawo kusuka efulethini elilodwa kuya kwelinye, uma esakhiweni kusuka ezindlini ezimbili nokuningi.
Ichaza nokuthi imitha ngayinye yesikwele kufanele ihambisane namazinga wamanje wokuhlanzeka kanye nobuchwepheshe wokuphindaphinda. Leli gama libonisa isilinganiso sevolumu yezinsika zomoya esikhaleni, ezidlula ngazo ngeyunithi yesikhathi. Ngokusho kwale pharamitha emithethweni yokuhlanza ye-SP 55.13330.2016, kusungulwe ubuncane bohlelo lokuphoqelela lomoya olusebenzayo. Ekamelweni lokulala kanye negumbi lokuhlala aphefumulelwe ngokuphelele njalo ngehora, ikhishi lidinga ukungena ngehora ngenani le-60 m3, egumbini lokugezela kanye nama-25 m3 ngehora. Ngabalandeli abaxhunyiwe noma ngokungabikho kwabantu, ukuphindaphinda kuvunyelwe kusuka ku-20% yevolumu yegumbi ngehora.
Ungayenza kanjani i-hood endlini yangasese
Izinhlelo zokufaka umoya omncane ziyizinhlobo ezimbili:- Imvelo - Ukujikeleza kwenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwengcindezi ezansi kwe-duct yomoya nangaphezulu;
- Iphoqelekile - Ukugeleza kuqhutshwa ama-blade ajikelezayo.
Ezakhiweni zasengadini
Inketho yokuqala ayisebenzi futhi isetshenziselwa izakhiwo ezincane ezenzelwe ukuhlalisa inkathi efudumele. Ukungeniswa kuleli cala kwenziwa ngokubonga odongeni noma ama-valve ewindini, kanye nama-grilles asendlini yangasese efakwe emnyango. Isixazululo sendabuko ku-oveni ye-chimney. Uma kungenjalo, ungachitha ipayipi kusuka ophahleni ophahleni ophahleni, ulubeke ebangeni eliphakeme ukusuka emafasiteleni nasezicabheni ukuze ungaphumi umoya-mpilo omusha. Ophahleni kuye kungcono ukwenza i-visor, ukuze kungabi yimvula, nasekamelweni, vala nge-valve uma kwenzeka kubanda. Ububanzi bungathathwa bube ngamasentimitha angama-20, kepha egumbini elincane futhi ama-5 cm azokwanela.
Ukuphakama kufanele kube kusuka ku-3 m - ngaphandle kwalokho i-tust ngeke. Ngokusho kweSANPIN 2.1.2.2645-10, ipayipi akufanele livele ngenhla kophahla lwe-1 m.
Esikhundleni sepayipi - ipulasitiki noma i-metallic - ungasebenzisa i-polyester hose noma i-aluminium foil. Khombisa ingxenye engenhla akuyona ngophahla. Ukuqinisekisa ukwehla kwengcindezi, kuzokwanela ukwenza indawo yokuhlala ngaphansi kophahla, ukuyivala ngegridi. I-Ventkanal isondele odongeni lapho kwakhiwa, noma bayofakwa ku-radom naye.
Ukuze ungachithi imali engangeni manzi izindonga nezitezi, kungcono ukusizakala ngokuhlanganisa okukhethekile okuvikelekile ekuphangeni komswakama. Kulula ukuthola esitolo noma ukwenze ngokwakho.
Beka imayini ingcono ngokuqondile. Izindawo ezivundlile futhi zigoba, kwehlise ukusebenza kahle.
Ngaphakathi kodonga lwezitini, isiteshi esingunxande esibunjiwe singavinjelwa, kepha lesi sigaba asinikezi umsebenzi ofanele ngokungafani nomjikelezo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindonga ezilungele i-gasket yangaphakathi kufanele zibe nobukhulu obukhulu.
Ezakhiweni zokuhlala
Elula kakhulu lizosungula umoya omncane wokuphoqelela. Ilungele wonke amakamelo futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubhekane kahle nomsebenzi. Ukuze uzijwayeze ngedivaysi yawo ngokuningiliziwe, cabanga ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani emakhotini amakhulu anohlelo lokushisa nenani elikhulu lamakamelo.
Ekamelweni lokuhlala elibanzi alikho isidingo esithile sokubeka uhlelo lokuphonswa ngalondayo. Ukuswela kwaso kubonakala endaweni engaphansi kuka-10 m2 umuntu ngamunye. Isiteshi i-Dymeter asidlali indima enkulu ku-Emveloct, kodwa ekuhambeni kokugeleza kuqala ukujikeleza ngokwemvelo, futhi amandla we-hose noma ipayipi ayaqala. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungukuphi ububanzi besiteshi okufanele bube khona, uqala ukufundela ukubala ukusetshenziswa okuphelele ngefomula l = s x h x n, kuphi
- S - Igumbi isikwele;
- H - ukuphakama kophahla;
- N - ukuphindaphinda.
Thatha usayizi wegumbi lokulala 18 m2. Ukuphakama kophahla kuzolingana no-3 m. Njengoba sesivele sazi, isisindo somoya emakamelweni okuhlala sivuselelwa kanye ngehora. Ukufaka amanani efomula, sithola umqulu we-54 m3 / ihora.
Manje siphendukela ekubalweni kwendawo yesiteshi ngokuya ngefomula f = l / 3600 x v, lapho i-V iyisilinganiso sokugeleza. Lapho imishini inqanyulwa, isuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1.5 m / s. Thatha inani layo elijwayelekile elilingana no-1 m / s.
Ekamelweni lokulala, kanye nawo wonke amakamelo okuhlala anele isiteshi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, inani elifunekayo lizoba ngu-0.015 m2. Manje kuzoba lula ukuthola ububanzi. Sonke sahola le formula esikoleni:
S = π⋅R2. Isikwele se-radius sizoba ngu-0.015 / 3.14 = 0.004777, kanti ububanzi bungu-0,14 m.
Manje sekusele ukukhetha ishubhu elijwayelekile elifanele. Sigculisekile ngokwesigaba 0.15 m.
Ukubalwa okungenhla kumele kwenziwe kule ndawo ngayinye ngokwahlukana, kucatshangelwa izici zazo esazikhuluma ngenhla. Okuhlukile kungenzeka, lapho amakamelo amabili asondelene nawo aphuma embiweni eyodwa. Kulokhu, uzodinga ukubala i-duct yomoya ephelele ngokudala amapharamitha awo.
Ngokusho kwezidingo zokuhlanzeka kanye nezobuchwepheshe, izindonga zangaphakathi zeziteshi kumele zibushelelezi. Ukuvuselela umoya omncane kufanele kufakwe i-hatch evulekile, okuvumela ukuhlolwa nokuhlanza. Ngaphansi kwedivaysi yomsebenzi, hhayi ophahleni, kepha phezulu odongeni, kufanele uzibeke phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ugweme izindawo "ezifile" phezulu. Ngaphambi kokuthi uphahla kufanele kungabi ngaphezu kwe-15 cm.
Ukube bekungekho-ventshach ezakhiweni, akudingekileko ukuthi bakha kabusha ngokuphelele ukuthola isikhundla sayo esifanele. Isixazululo esihle kakhulu sizofakwa ohlangothini futhi sifudumele kahle. Umfula ofudumele uzovuka ngokushesha okukhulu kunokubanda.
I-hood ekhishini endlini yangasese yenziwa ngokushesha ema-vents amabili - okujwayelekile, enye endaweni yeplate. Akufanele kuhlanganiswe, ngoba ukusakazwa okuvela kwesibili kunengcindezi enkulu. Kuzovuza ekhishini kusuka esiphelele.
Ukuqedwa kwezitofu zikagesi kutholakala endaweni ephakeme ngo-70 cm ngaphezulu komhlaba, ngegesi - endaweni ephakeme ngo-80 cm. Kukhethwe ngokuya ngevolumu yegumbi. Amandla abalwa ngefomula P = s x h x 12, lapho
- S - Igumbi Square
- H ukuphakama kwakhe.
Imvamisa, i-air duct ayiqondiswanga phezulu, futhi ohlangothini, ngenxa yokuthi amandla ehla ngo-25%. Lawa maphesenti kufanele abhekwe lapho ekhetha amandla wemishini.
I-valve ekhipha kangcono efakwe odongeni. Kungaba lula ngayo ukubeka i-cap cap enomgodi wokuqeda amandla okuphelelwa amandla, kepha ngekhambi elinjalo liba lubi kakhulu nokubukelwa phansi kwe-facade kanye nokubonakala kwe-facade. E-Brickwork, ukhonkolo noma izinkuni, umgodi kungenziwa usebenzisa umqhele wedayimane. Imvamisa ayisetshenziswanga ayindilinga, kepha iziteshi ezixande, ezikuvumela ukuthi ugcine isikhala esithile, kepha ukusebenza kahle kuleli cala kuyancipha.
Kungcono ukuthi ukhethe ibhokisi lensimbi, ngoba kulula ukugeza amanoni futhi okungenani abhekana nokuguquguquka ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu. Uhlobo oluphelele luyinsimbi. Uma kusetshenziswa i-alumininum ehlanganisiwe, ipayipi liyadingeka ukuze liqonde ngangokunokwenzeka.
Endlini yangasese, i-hood odongeni ayidingi ukusebenzisana, uma kungeyona into engokomlando futhi ayikho ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso.
Ukukhetha umoya omncane ophoqelelwe
Isixazululo esilula sizofakwa fan trim. Kuyadingeka ukuyibeka esiteshini esihlukile ukuze ukugeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi kungahambi kwezinye izakhiwo lapho kusebenza, kepha kukhonjiswe ngqo ophahleni. Ngomsebenzi ofanele, ama-inolet ama-valves kufanele adingeke eminyango, amawindi noma ezindongeni - ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma, ukukhuthala kuyadingeka.
Uma ukugeleza kufanele kufudunyezwe, kuyadingeka ukukhetha ukufakwa nge-heater eyakhelwe ngaphakathi noma i-recuperator. Le divayisi iqukethe amapuleti wensimbi amancanyana, amazinga okushisa adlulisa kahle. Umoya ofudumele endaweni yokuphuma uwela kwigebe lesibili phakathi kwamapuleti, kanye nokuhamba okusha kuya kuzo zonke iziteshi, ukuqonda ukushisa ezindongeni.
E-attic ungabeka i-hood ephakathi nendawo, eguqula yonke imicu yomoya. Basebenza bathule impela, kepha kungakuhle ukuba bazihlelele kude negumbi lokulala.
Isikhala se-attic sikuvumela ukuthi ubeke futhi ubeke amadivaysi ayinkimbinkimbi anokuhlunga nokushisa umsebenzi. Muva nje, amasistimu okusindisa amandla anokuvalwa ukushisa okujikelezayo. Amadivayisi anjalo abekwa kalula ngisho nangaphansi kophahla oluyisicaba - ukuphakama kwawo kuyahluka kusuka ku-25 kuye ku-45 cm.
