Kuseduze ukwazi imindeni enezingane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezifuna ukusebenzisa imali kamama ukuze zithuthukise izimo zezindlu, kuthiwe uchwepheshe wezakhiwo.
Ngaphezu kwenhloko-dolobha yomndeni wakwa-Federal Maternity (MSC), imindeni enezingane ezifundeni zaseRussia zincike ukukhokha ezingeni lendawo. Enye yazo i-MSK yesifunda elawulwa ngumthetho wesifunda. Ubukhulu be-Federal MSC lingama-ruble angama-453 026. Isikhwama sempesheni saseRussia (Fiu) sibandakanyeke emibuzweni yokwakheka kwaso nokukhipha isitifiketi. I-MSK yesifunda - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-50 000 kuya kwayi-150,000. Kuya ngesifunda.
Udinga ukuxhumana nalokhu ekuphathweni / ekuvikelweni komnyango wezokuvikelwa kwezenhlalo yabantu (i-SZN) noma eMFC endaweni yokuhlala.
Izimali zeFederal MSC zingalahlwa ngokugcwele noma ezingxenyeni. Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene ze-MSC zingasetshenziselwa izidingo zomndeni ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngemithetho yeFederal and Regional. Imvamisa, i-matkapital iya ngcono ukuthuthukisa izimo zezindlu zomndeni noma izingane.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2007, uhlelo lwe-State Federal lokusekelwa okwengeziwe kwemindeni enezingane ezingenele amandla eRussia. Ku-FZ №256 DECEMBER 29, 2006, igama elithi "Maternal (umndeni (umndeni)" ngemindeni, lapho kuvela khona (ezalwa noma zamukelwa) kwesakhamizi sesibili, sesithathu noma esalandela wamukelwa). Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuba yisakhamuzi sabazali akudlali izindima.
Ukuthengwa kwezindlu kusetshenziswa iMathaipal
Cabanga ngenketho: Umndeni nezingane unemali eyanele yamahhala (kanye ne-MSK) ukuthenga ifulethi.
- Kufanele wazise umthengisi ekusebenziseni i-matkapali lapho uthenga. Akuwona wonke umuntu ovuma ukuthola ingxenye yemali yefulethi elithengisiwe ezinsukwini ezingama-30-50 ezinsukwini ngemuva kokubhalisa ukuhanjiswa kobunikazi bomthengi. Uma isivumelwano phakathi komthengisi nomthengi ukuheha i-MSK lapho ukuthenga into kutholakala (kulungiswe esivumelwaneni sangaphambilini), kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ngokucophelela isivumelwano esikhulu sokuthenga nokuthengisa (DCP).
- Ifulethi kumele lifakwe ekwakhiweni kobunikazi bawo wonke amalungu omndeni, kubandakanya nezingane.
- Ku-DCC, ibinzana lokusebenzisa i-matkapali lapho uthenga futhi imininingwane yonke imininingwane yezitifiketi ze-MSC namanani emali kuma-akhawunti awo akhonjiswa ngokuya ngezitifiketi ze-FIU nase-SZN.
- I-Matkapali isho ukuthi ayikwazi ukukhishwa ngokheshi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulandelela ngokucophelela ngokucophelela ukuthi imininingwane ye-akhawunti yasebhange yomthengisi ibhalwe kahle kwi-DCT. Kuzofakwa kuhlu ngemali ye-MSK.
- Ihlale ichaze i-DKP ngemuva kokubhalisa ubunikazi bomthengi, umnqamulajuqu othize futhi ocindezelwe wokuthumela umthengi wawo wonke amadokhumenti adingekayo kuFiU kanye noMnyango Wezokuvikelwa Komphakathi, ukuqala inqubo yokucubungula nokudluliselwa kwemali. Ungabopha lo mcimbi ngosuku lokusayina umthetho wokudlulisa kanye nokukhululwa ngokomzimba kwefulethi.
- Isikhathi sokucatshangelwa kokusetshenziswa kwesitifiketi ophethe i-FIU izinsuku ezingama-21 zokusebenza kusukela ngosuku lokugcwalisa iphakethe eligcwele lemibhalo. Ezinye izinsuku eziyi-10 zomsebenzi zizodingeka ukudlulisa imali kwi-akhawunti yasebhange yomthengisi uma kuthathwa isinqumo esihle.
- Kuze kube manje, ukubalwa okubonakalayo phakathi kwamaqembu okuthengiselana akukhiqizwa ngokuphelele, ifulethi litholakala esibambisweni somthengisi - lokhu futhi kubhala kwi-DCP. Ngemuva kokuthola imali ye-MSK kwi-akhawunti yasebhange yomthengisi, kufanele afake isitatimende nomthengi kwi-IFC ekususweni kwediphozithi efulethini, abhale irisidi lonke lelosefuni elithengisiwe. Isikhathi salezi zenzo sinqunyelwe kwi-DCC.
Inkinga ingaba nesinqumo esilula uma inqubo yokubuya kwe-matkapapa kwisabelomali inikezwe - ilungiswe ngesilinganiso sokushintshana kwe-ruble kanye nentshisekelo yokuqongelela ngaso sonke isikhathi sokusebenzisa. Futhi ngekhono lokwenza amalungelo abo ku-MSC ngaphandle kwecala nezincazelo ehhovisi lomshushisi. Abaningi bakulungele ukubuyisa amathuluzi e-MSK ukuze basebenzise ithuba lemalimboleko ukuze bathuthukise izimo zezindlu zomndeni.
Imali yempahla
Ngokusho kwemithetho ejwayelekile, ungafuna i-MSK eminyakeni emithathu kusukela ukuzalwa noma ukutholwa kwengane yesibili (elandelayo). Kepha kukhona okuhlukile. Omunye wabo uyimali esebenzisa imali esebenzisa imali kamama lapho i-msk ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha lapho kuvuka okulungile kuyo.
Amabhange amaningi akuvumela ukuthi uhehe i-MSK kuyo yomibili umnikelo wokuqala futhi uhlanze isikweletu esikhulu kanye / noma amaphesenti ekuthengeni okuhlotshiswe ngempahla okwedlule. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zigameko, abazali (nabanye abaqeqeshi ababambisene, uma kukhona) ukubhala isibopho esingelona iqiniso ekuhlolweni kobunikazi efulethini elithengwa ngemuva kwe-sation yempahla ebanjelwe. Izindleko zokwabelana kwengane ngeke zibe ngaphansi kwesabelo se-MSK (Federal + Regional) nge-capita ngayinye.
I-Sberbank ivumela ababolekisi bayo ukuthi bafake ngokushesha izingane phakathi kwabanikazi befulethi lemalimboleko. Akudingekile ngisho nemvume yokuqapha lapho ifulethi elinabanikazi abancane luzothenjiswa yibhange.
Uma i-mattapital, ngokwemibandela yebhange, ingasetshenziswa njengomnikelo wokuqala (noma ingxenye yayo), ngosuku lwesiphelo sokuthenga nokuthengiswa kweseli lasebhange / kwiseli lasebhange le Umthengisi ufika / ebekwe ebhange izindleko ezigcwele zefulethi, kubandakanya neMSK.
Umthengisi akadingi ukulinda isinqumo se-FIU / SZN kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-MSK kusuka kwisabelomali. Uhlu olunjalo luzokwenziwa esikhundleni sebhange lapho luhambisa yonke imibhalo yempahla ebanjiswayo ne-DCP ngumthengi kuFiU / SZN.
Uma isikweletu esikhulu noma ingxenye yempahla ebanjiswayo noma ingxenye yempahla ebanjiswayo, khona-ke ibhange livele laziswa ngohlelo lokusebenza lukabolwane olukhombisa amanani nemininingwane yezitifiketi amadokhumenti afanele.
Isikhathi sokucatshangelwa kokusetshenziswa kwesitifiketi ophethe i-FIU izinsuku ezingama-21 zokusebenza kusukela ngosuku lokugcwalisa iphakethe eligcwele lemibhalo. Ezinye izinsuku eziyi-10 zomsebenzi zizodingeka ukudlulisa imali kwi-akhawunti yasebhange yomthengisi uma kuthathwa isinqumo esihle.
Emboza isabelo sezindlu zezingane - qiniseka
Imvamisa abazali, besebenzisa i-matkapital ekuthengeni imali ebanjiswayo, bangalimazi noma abafuni ukufeza izibopho zabo ukuze bavumele izingane ngempahla. Kwesinye isikhathi ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa nje ukhohlwe ngakho. Ukuphazamiseka kusobala. Inkontileka yokunikela ngamasheya wezingane yi-netariat eyisibopho. Kanye nomsebenzi wombuso ngesikhathi sokuzithoba kokubhalisa - okungenani ama-ruble angama-27,000. Ukuthengiswa okwengeziwe kwefulethi elinjalo kuyimvume yokuqapha imizimba yokugada. Uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa izimo zezindlu ngemalimboleko - inkinga. Isibonelo: Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthola izimvume zokudonswa kwezimali zokuthengisa efulethini lamakamelo okulala amabili, lapho i-1/5 yesabelo yayiyingane ezimbili ze-N /S. Abazali babenempahla evunyiwe yeSenberbank ekuthengweni kanyekanye efulethini elikhulu lamagumbi okulala amathathu. IBhangengodla lalikhomba esivumelwaneni semalimboleko esizoba ngabafowethu ngaphezu kokukhathazeka kwabazali. Iphrojekthi ye-DCP enqunywe isabelo sezingane, hhayi ngaphansi kwendawo kanye nezindleko zamasheya awo efulethini elithengisiwe. Ukuthengiselana kuthathwe izinhlobo ezintathu zomshuwalense, kufaka phakathi umshuwalense wesihloko. Akukho lutho olusizile. Bekumele ngithathe imalimboleko yabathengi ngethemu elincane kakhulu futhi ngamaphesenti amaDraconia.
Izindleko zesabelo sengane akufanele zibe ngaphansi kwengxenye ye-Frocipal (Federal + Regional) ngayinye.
Ungabili izingane zezingane lapho usebenzisa i-MSC. Thenga ifulethi lapho kungenziwa khona, kuyingozi. Lapho efika eminyakeni eyi-18 ubudala, ingane "ephukile" noma ekuqaleni komqaphi wakhe ingafaka icala, futhi ukuthengiselana efulethini nezingane ezingabandakanyeki kuzonqanyulwa yinkantolo. Uma ifulethi lihlelelwe ukuthengwa kwemali mboleko kanye nabanikazi banezingane zokwazi okufanele, bacele ukuhlinzeka ngesitifiketi kusuka ku-figue mayelana nensalela ye-MSK.
Umbhalo: L. Starshinova, Isazi Sezindawo Zokuhlala.
I-athikili yashicilelwa kumagazini "House" No. 2 (2019). Ungabhalisela inguqulo ephrintiwe yokushicilelwa.
