Yiziphi izinto ezibandlululayo ezisebenza kahle, futhi yini engeyena? Sinikeza ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo eziphambili.
Polyethylene
Ifilimu le-polyethylene njengezindlela zokuvikela izilimo zensimu kusuka kumakhaza kwaziwa kahle ngezindlu zasehlobo ezivela ezikhathini zaseSoviet. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukukhethwa kwezinto zokubuka izinto zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo namuhla zibanzi kakhulu, akukalahlekelwa ukuhambisana kwalo.
Ikhono lokuhambisa lokuhambisa le-underfloor polyethylene lisukela ku-80-90%, okuthinta ukukhula kwezilimo zemifino. Abanye abalimi babheka le pharamitha ayiphezulu ngokwanele, kepha akunjalo. Izinto ezibonakalayo ezisobala zilungele i-greenery, kepha zingalimaza imifino: ukukhanya okuningi kuthinteka kabi ezintanjeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezithelo. Umphumela ongemuhle ongemuhle we-Oversupply yelanga uboniswa maqondana namakhukhamba, utamatisi kanye neBakhchyev, izithelo zazo ekugcineni zigcine zisesindweni.
Ngenxa yefilimu ngaphakathi kwabamba ukushisa, izinga elifanele lomswakama lihlala lisekelwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi emibhedeni liphakeme kunangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, kudalwe i-microclimate ekhethekile, enomthelela ekuvuthweni okusheshayo kwamasiko. Akuzona isithwathwa esibi, umoya onamandla, ama-degrees noma inkungu ngokugcwala ngokweqile.
Ububi obukhulu be-polyethylene bungamelana kahle nomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini: kungagwazwa ngengozi, kwephulwe noma ukusika. Izinga lokumelana nokugqoka libuye lishiye okuningi ukufiswa. Amasampula abizayo kakhulu asebenza kuphela isizini eyodwa, njengoba ukuhanjiswa kwemvula nemisebe yelanga kunciphisa ukuqina kwayo ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokho alahlekelwa amandla okumelana nokuqina.
Cellular polycarbonate
Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwamaselula, i-polycarbonate ikhuphuke amandla nezindawo ezinhle zokonga ukushisa. Ngokungafani nefilimu eshibhile evela e-polyethylene, kumelana nomthwalo kwigebe, akulimazi ngomoya nesichotho, akesabi iziteleka ezingahleliwe. Ukusobala kwamaphaneli angama-86%. Ngasikhathi sinye, abalahli izimfanelo zabo zabathengi ngenxa yemiphumela ye-ultraviolet, ngoba ungqimba olukhethekile lokuvikela lusetshenziswa ohlangothini lwabo olungaphambili.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zingasetshenziswa kunoma yikuphi ukushiswa kwezinga elikulona-40 kuye ku-1200c, okwenza kucishe kufane. Shono impilo yenkonzo ye-cellular polycarbonate okungenani iminyaka eyi-15.
Akukho ukushiyeka okungathí sina ngaphandle kokuphakama (ngokuqhathanisa namanani entengo yefilimu), awekho amaphaneli epulasitiki asemafayili. Into esemqoka ukukhetha ukuthi bakhethe futhi bakhule.
Lapho ukhetha, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukubheka indawo ephelele ye-greenhouse. Uma kungabi mkhulu kakhulu (kufika ku-30 m2), ukuthenga ipulasitiki obukhulu kunoma yini, kulokhu kufanele kuvalwe amaphaneli anobukhulu obungu-6-8 mm. Okokuqanjwa okufika ku-20 m2, i-polycarbonate icishe kufanelekile - 4-6 mm. Imikhiqizo eyi-10 mm obukhulu futhi ngenhla isetshenziselwa izakhiwo ezinkulu, kusukela kuma-40 m2.
Njengoba sekushiwo, amaphaneli amaningi anokuhlanganiswa okuvikelayo emiphumeleni engemihle yokukhanya kwelanga. Ngasikhathi sinye, abanye abakhiqizi ukuze banciphise imikhiqizo yabo abayivikele kusuka ku-ultraviolet. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi lokho okuthandayo okuthandayo akwesabi ngempela ilanga.
I-Polycarbonate yekhwalithi yehlukile ku-Fake:
- Ishidi linye. I-standard standard ebonakalayo ye-polycarbonase yama-greenhouses inobukhulu okungenani be-4 mm, futhi eshibhile 3-3,5 mm, mayelana nalokho okuthengisayo abathule noma abakhohlisa, abakhohlisa, abakhohlisi futhi banikeze i-polycarbonate enjalo yeZinga.
- Ubukhulu bokuhlukaniswa kwangaphakathi kanye nezindonga zangaphandle, futhi ngenxa yalokho, nokukala. Iqabunga elijwayelekile le-greenhouse 6 m ubude kufanele libe nesisindo esingu-10 kg.
- Ukuba khona kwefilimu elivikela kakhulu.
Ama-nonwovens
Imvamisa ezivandeni ungabona ifilimu kusuka ku-propylene. Ngaphandle, kubukeka njenge-gauze ehlukahlukene ye-gauze ephakathi kwentambo ye-translucent ephakathi. Imikhiqizo edume kakhulu - agril, loutrasil kanye ne-spunbond. Zikhiqizwa emazweni ahlukene, kepha akudingekile ukuzulazula umenzi, kodwa ngobukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo nezinhloso zako.
Ngakho-ke, i-White and Thin "No-Knack" Ubuningi baka-17 g / M2 bavikele izitshalo ezinambuzaneni naseziqalo ezincane (kuze kube - 20 ° C). Sebenzisa ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesisekelo esiqinile. Kepha i-propelene iyasebenza (30-60 g / m2) isetshenziswa kakade ndawonye necala lama-frost to -60c. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubukhulu (60 g / m2) weBlack Blade uvikela izilimo kusuka ekuhanjisweni komswakama futhi ucindezele ukukhula kokhula.
Izinto ezingezona ezingezona zihlukaniswa ngokuthi umoya, amanzi nemisebe yelanga kudluliswa kwivolumu ye-dosage. Isibonelo, ekushiseni kwehlobo, i-polypropylene emhlophe isindisa ngokweqile, futhi abamnyama (entwasahlobo) ababaniki.
Ngeshwa, i-propelene fiber, kanye ne-polyethylene, ayinawo amandla anele, qhubeka ngokushesha futhi ugijime. Imvamisa isetshenziswa njenge-mulch, kancane kancane - njengendawo yokuhlala ephelele ohlakeni oluqinile.
Ekhanyayo
Izindawo zokugcina izibuko zengilazi zisetshenziswa ngokwesiko kuzo zonke izifunda, kungakhathalekile ukuthi indawo nezici zesimo sezulu. Futhi lokhu kuyaqondakala: Ingilazi njengezinto zokuvikela izitshalo ezintweni zangaphandle zinesethi ephelele yezinzuzo. Phakathi kwazo kunezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhanya okukhanyayo, kanye nokufakelwa okuhle okushisayo, kanye nekhono lokumelana nemithwalo yeqhwa ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sash yengilazi eye yaba yinto engajwayelekile ingahlala ithathelwa indawo ngokushesha.
Vele, kunezindlela ezishibhile zokwakha abamba ukushisa. Kodwa-ke, uma amafasitela amadala ahlala esibayeni, amafasitela amadala athuli, khona-ke awakusebenzisi kangcono. Ikakhulu selokhu kwaqala ukusetshenziswa kwazo ekwakheni kuyindlela enhle yokusindisa.
Uhlaka lulula ukuqoqa esihlahleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngeke udinge ukuthola imishini ekhethekile, njengoba izinkuni zicutshungulwa kalula. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokuxhumeka kwezinto. Akufanele kube nokuntuleka kwezinto zokwakha, ngoba kuhlale kunezindleko ezithile ezingasiza emsebenzini.
Musa ukulahla amafreyimu ama-akhawunti amadala kusuka kuma-akhawunti. Bazosindisa kakhulu isabelomali somndeni futhi basebenze njengesidumbu se-greenhouse. Kuhle futhi ukuqondisisa iqiniso lokuthi ozimele bama-Old Frames abakhombisa ngaphandle lapho bethatha indawo yamafasitela amasha futhi ungawathatha mahhala ngokuphelele.
Uma kudingeka umklamo oqinile, kunengqondo uku-oda i-greenhouse yengilazi eyenziwe ngomumo ngohlaka lwephrofayili ye-aluminium.
Iseluleko
- Ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo, ukuphela kweshidi le-polycarbonate kufanele kuvikelwe ekungenisweni komswakama onamapulaki akhethekile.
- Ngamaphonsa okushisa kungazelelwe, ipulasitiki ingahle incishise noma yandise. Uma inqubo yokufaka ayinandaba nalesi simo, impahla izokwehla futhi iyeke ukubekwa uphawu.
Andrei kartsev, dachnik:
Chitha ukukhanyisa ku-greenhouse. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-backlight eyengeziwe ibalulekile kanjani ezindaweni zokugcina zokugcina izithombo zokuvunwa kwesikhathi esizayo, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okudla kwemithombo ekhipha ukukhanya okubomvu akuzange kuholele ekusatshalalisweni kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza. Ezindaweni zokutshala imhlabathi evaliwe, lesi sithintelo siqedwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingaphansi (izingilazi eziphilayo, ngokwesibonelo), ezethule izithasiselo ezikhethekile (phosphors) ukuguqula ingxenye yemisebe ebomvu evuselela ukusabela ezihambisana nomphumela wakwa-Emerson.
Le ndatshana yashicilelwa ejeni "Amathiphu Ochwepheshe" Cha. 12 (2017). Bhalisela inguqulo ephrintiwe yomagazini.