We tell what formulations and mixtures will be needed to pre-prepare walls and how to perform work.
And wallpapers, and colorful coating are applied to the prepared walls. First of all, they are cleaned from peeling plaster, lightning paint or wallpaper, spots of fat and foci of mold are removed. After that, it is ground, plastering and putty.
The soil improves the adhesion (adhesion) of repair and decorative materials with the base. The ability of the latter to absorb moisture is an important landmark for the right choice of soil.
For example, for inevitable or weakly absorbent moisture grounds such as monolithic concrete, concrete slabs, old cement plaster, contact type soils are suitable. Small quartz sand in their composition improves the adhesive properties of the surface.
Well-absorbent moisture consider plasterboard sheets and gypsum blocks, aerated concrete, ceramic and silicate bricks. For them, universal soils are intended, and if the base is old and porous - ground penetration soils.
In addition to increasing the clutch of different materials, the soil contributes to more easy to apply plaster, putty, paints, ensures a uniform distribution of aligning and decorative coatings, and also prevents the accumulation of moisture in the pores of the base.
Boris Seconds, Deputy General Director for Technical Support Baumit:
Different types of finishing finish manufacturers of dry mixes are developing plaster systems: universal and special. For example, the leveling layer of lime-cement spray and plaster is obtained resistant to moisture, microorganisms and has a beneficial property of humidity control in the room. Among the advantages of these materials and the fact that they are used on brick and concrete bases (but not on plaster). After the correct "smoothing" surface is flat and smooth. Baumit Spritz 2 spray system and Baumit MPI 25 plaster are suitable for dry and for wet rooms under wallpaper and painting, such as paint Baumit DivinaEco, even without prior shtcloth.
Plasteur
Cracks, seams, irregularities and variations of walls from vertical and horizontal up to 30-50 mm align with plaster. To obtain it, they use a dry plaster mixture from a binder, filler and various additives, packed in hermetic bags. Before working, the mixture is stirred with water.
In our market, plaster is represented by Volma companies, "prospectors", "Sedrus" (the trademark "Basic"), Bergauf, Unis, Knauf, Saint-Goben (Brand Weber-Vetonit), Nenkel (Trademark Ceresit) , Mapei, Unis.
The seams between the GLC are filled with putty, remove excess, impose a reinforcing tape, pressing the spatula
After 12-24 hours, another layer is applied along the dry putty
When finishing interiors, cement and gypsum plaster are most often used. The first no problems tolerate the drops of temperature and humidity in the bathrooms, bathrooms, basements, garages. They form a durable and durable leveling layer, whose service life is not one dozen years.
But, planning repair work, it is worth considering that the complete strength of the cement plaster layer is gaining 28 days later. And he should dry naturally. If the wizards forced to pre-primed the base from absorbent material, it will quickly extend moisture from the plaster and will not give it to gain the necessary strength. This is fraught with the appearance of cracks.
Plasters on a plaster basis are not subject to shrinkage, and apply them permissible in several layers.
After alignment of the walls with cement mortar, no earlier than 1-2 weeks are proceeded to the next stage of finishing. The time interval depends on the thickness of the layer, humidity and temperature.
Attempting to speed up the drying of the cement plaster layer, for example, using a constructional hair dryer can lead to its cracking
In rooms with normal humidity (no more than 65-70%) use gypsum plaster. Light plastic solution without effort can be distributed over the wall surface, to dissolve and remove excess. And he dries and hardens it faster cement, from several hours to 5-7 days, which has a positive effect on the repair period.
Due to the smaller density and mass of the gypsum layer, it is permissible to apply a thicker layer than cement, up to 50-70 mm, and smoothing significant irregularities. However, gypsum plasters have less compressive strength and less durable. The service life of their service ranges from 5 to 10 years.
If the plastering is thick, it is necessary to turn on the drill with the nozzle and mix the composition again.
When processing the joints of the bases from different materials, the angles of window and door openings and other problem areas, the plaster layer is strengthened with a glass tape net. It prevents the appearance of cracks in the places of stress concentration. The optimal cell size is 3.5-4 mm so that plastering with large fractions loosely passed through them.
The grid is combined into a fresh solution of a third layer thickness. To increase the strength of the plastering layer on a fragile base or when a large thickness of the leveling layer is necessary, a metal mesh is used (for gypsum plaster - galvanized).
Pavel Belov, Product Manager Company Knauff:
During the preparation of plastering or plaster solutions from dry mixtures, workers often disturb the order of loading of the mixture and water. They first fall asleep powder into the container, then poured water into it. However, if the dry mixture is located below, and the water is above, then the mixing process is difficult and the mixture is poorly wetted with water. The correct procedure is the next. First, water is poured into the clean capacity for the preparation of an alignment solution. Then the dry mixture is covered with water. Please note: when mixing some mixtures, a shutter speed is required 2-3 minutes to moisturize a covered material, for example, for the KNAUF fueph and KNAUF-Uniflot. After that, the components of the solution are stirred using a building mixer on low revs or manually. In this case, the process is easily, the dry mixture and water turn into a homogeneous, plastic mass.
Proper preparation of the mix
The plastering composition should be smeared to the state of homogeneous mass, without lumps. The frequency of rotation of the drill with the nozzle should not exceed 800 rpm, otherwise there will be a bundle of the mixture: heavy fractions (cement, sand) will be devastated down, the lungs will rise up. Then the solution is left alone for several minutes so that the modifying additives present in it work and stirred again.
Shit
Platkels are used at the final stage of preliminary preparation of walls. The size of the filler fractions in these compositions is less than in plaster. They form a flat and smooth surface that you can paint or draw up with wallpaper.
When buying a mixture under the subsequent staining, especially glossy paints, which are even the most minor defects of the services, choose a spa with the size of the grain of filler 40-60 microns.
Initially, even bases, such as concrete, can not even plaster, but immediately put off, of course, after surface treatment with soil. But it is worth the material quite expensive, and it is irrational in a thick layer. Therefore, in other cases, the plaster is undesirable to abandon the preliminary alignment.
According to the type of shtaplovka (cement, gypsum, polymer) is easy to understand, with which type of plaster it is preferable to combine and where to use. Moisture-resistant cement formulations are intended for wet rooms, for the conditions of normal or reduced humidity - gypsum or polymer.
Note that the inconsistency of the type of the chosen putty and its use is one of the most common mistakes. Although in the technical description is always indicated, for what works it is created and on what grounds it is applied.
For the processing of a flat plane of the wall less than the wallpaper glue is consumed
Platekels are divided into mixtures for pre-alignment (basic) and finishing. A slightly rough surface of the base layer is optimal for sticking of most types of wallpaper. Then how the smooth layer of the finish shovels is an excellent base for paint and thin light wallpaper.
In the preparation of walls under the color of the base spit layer is usually reinforced with glazes. A thin layer (1-1.5 mm) finish is applied on top of the base putty. Its minor defects (influx of layers, the smallest tuberculos and depressions, scratches) are eliminated by a grinding skin.
On the walls painted by matte paint, the light is gently scattered, hiding small irregularities of the base
Preparation of walls and partitions from drywall are starting with the processing of joints of individual sheets. The external angles of walls, door and window openings are protected by corner metal profiles, which are installed on the shp can. The perfectly smooth surface is achieved by a solid shtpocking of the walls.
Preparation of the Wall
Clean water is poured into the tank, after which it is gradually poured into it a dry plaster mixture, constantly stirring. Then stirred with a drill with a nozzle for 1-3 minutes to homogeneous consistency
The solution is thrown onto the wall of the cylma and leveled with a metal rail
Filling the deepening and cutting excess
To get a smoother surface, put places on the base. The smallest flaws of the surface are leveled by a grinding eye, handled soil
After its drying, it is proceeded with decorative staining
Evgeny Khananykin, Head of Technical Support for Sales Kiilto:
In order not to doubt the compatibility of the soil, plaster and putty, buy a set of materials of one manufacturer, and do not mix products of different companies. Despite the same purpose, they often differ in chemical composition. Sharing can lead to deterioration and even change their properties. The result of preliminary wall preparation will be expected to be good if they acquire products of well-known companies and take care of the compatibility of products with decorative coatings. An example of a comprehensive system for preparing the walls: Universal cement-based plaster with kiilto trin reinforcing fibers, the finish white polymer putty Kiilto LH and soil-concentrate universal Kiilto Primer.
Complex Kiilto system designed specifically for preliminary preparation of shrinkage walls
For the processing of absorbing bases of all species, deep penetration soils are used: TiefGrunt (Bergauf) (UE 10 kg - 505 rubles)
For the processing of absorbing bases of all species, low-penetration soils are used: Ceresit CT 17 (Henkel) (UE. 10 kg - 597 rubles.)
For the processing of absorbent bases of all species, low-penetration soils are used: KNAUF TIFEN Grond (UE 10 kg - 638 rubles)
Gypsum strips KNAUF-fugen and Knauf Uniflot do not crack and do not give
Protective polyethylene films with adhesive painting ribbon Easy Cover (TESA), sizes of wastes: 2.6 × 17 m and 1.4 × × 33 m (1 pc. - 514 and 558 руб.)
