Fireplace Nowadays everything less often used for heating. It turned into a decorative element of the interior and the tool for creating a special, country atmosphere - a kind of coziness generator. Perhaps, the island models are best coped with these functions.
The island fireplace can be considered a direct descendant of central foci, warming traditional dwellings of ancient peoples - both nomadic and settled. And even a modern elegant device, dressed in steel and heat-resistant glass, reminds of those times when the fire was vital and the whole life was built around him.
Photo: Focus.
Of course, the reason for the growth of the popularity of island fireplaces is not only in their romantic aura, but also in the fact that they perfectly fit into the fashionable studio planning, are able to become a bright decoration of the interior and uniting the center for households and guests. However, household owners should consider that in terms of operation, the central foci differ significantly from the wall and angular.
Photo: Contura, Harrie Leenders, Planika
Photo: Harrie Leenders
Many island fireplaces are equipped with screens and heat-resistant glass, allowing to increase fire safety and its effectiveness as heater.
Island specificity
The central location dictates special requirements for the design of the fireplace: the "rear" of the product should be aesthetic. In addition, it is desirable to maximize the sector, which overlooks the fire. Ideally, the opportunity to admire the flame should have everyone who is in the room.
From the point of view of practice, the concept of island hearth has weaknesses. In particular, it is difficult to ensure effective smoke removal, especially at the ignition stage, when the chimney has not yet warmed and almost no traction.
Photo: JC Bordelet, Focus, Traforart,
There are models on the stand (A, G) and suspended (B, B). The seconds have a lightweight design and can be attached to the overlap of the second floor with the help of a special node that comes with the fireplace
Another aspect concerns fire safety. If you accidentally come across fir or pine lamps, the fire will start to pour sparks in all directions, and it is assumed that the focus is organized a resting places, that is, there are sofas and chairs.
Control the thrust and the intensity of the flame is also not easy: the air goes to the field of burning from all sides, the fire flares out everything brighter, the chimney heats up stronger, the thrust is enhanced. As a result, firewood burns in a matter of minutes, the heat interferes with the approach
To the hearth, and in the room there is a draft.
So, in front of engineers who have developed modern island fireplaces, there were many serious problems. In the course of their solution there was a number of original designs of the furnaces and so-called firecases, some of which began to be issued.
Serial.
The temperature of the "exhaust" of the open fireplace, as well as the furnaces with the survival chamber often exceeds 500 ° C, so it is necessary to choose the chimney with the operating temperature to 1000 ° C; Such pipes are mainly produced from steel AISI 310
All four sides
Island fireplaces and fireboxes for them are usually made of steel. The Russian market mainly represented products of European enterprises - Bordelet, Contura, Focus, Piazzetta, Spartherm, Stuv, Totem, etc. Some domestic firms producing fireplace clades will help to develop and implement an individual project using materials such as natural stone of various breeds and decorative bricks. It is important to accommodately approach the selection of the focus type and know the pros and cons of each design.
Classic open source, such as Zelia (Bordelet) or Mezzofocus (FOCUS), consists of a roar and a smoke collector, and these elements can be a single or mounted separately (in the second case, it is installed on the floor or even embedded in it, and the smoke collector Rely on the interhesion). The focus is equipped with a very wide chimney (a diameter of 200 mm, although the norm for the firebins of similar dimensions is considered to be 150 mm), often equipped with electrode sector, - just so you can guarantee the flue gases. The foci of this type is spectacular, but impractical. They are designed for short-term use - for hours or two; At the same time, the fuel must be put on low portions.
The chimney of an open focus should be supplied with a gamble-saiber - otherwise in the cold season, it will turn into a constantly working powerful hood, will cause drafts and elevated heating costs. Often the owners eventually equip such devices with almost non-wing ethanol burners.
The focus with one-sided open firebox, say Doria Central (Traforart), more convenient and safe than classic. The focus has a specific "circular" design, but the furnace is open only on the one hand, and the hole is performed as a narrow slot. Thus, the flame is easier to control, and the firewood burns slightly slower. The bearing mechanism of rotation, built into the stand and / or in the chimney attachment assembly, allows you to direct the heat hole in the desired side: it can be addressed to the dining room, and in the evening - to the recreation area.
Photo: Harrie Leenders, Focus, Traforart, Totem, JC Bordelet
FUGA fireplace (a) is permissible to use for heating, while Gyrofocus (b), Julietta (g) and Doria (D) are designed to perform only decorative function. In an old focal, you can embed a fiber with an lifting screen (B)
Fireplace with a glass screen, for example, Marvik or OSLO (Piazzetta), externally looks very similar to the open, but much more practical. The screen of curved heat-resistant glass protects against sparks and smoke, and most importantly - allows you to limit air access and translate the fireplace into adjustable long-burning mode. Thanks to thermal self-cleaning systems, the screen does not need to be cleaned from soot and soot; In some models, it rises, others dropped, hiding in the stand; As an option, the mechanism is equipped with an electric drive.
The classic layout of the island focal makes it difficult to use heat accumulating cladding and convection heating systems, so the efficiency of the device is usually very low
Fireplace with a closed panoramic or through furnace, such as Monoblocco Panoramic (Palazzetti), Pantherm 68 (Technical), Ronda TV (Schmid), has the advantages of the central and wall. Many panoramic (with three or four glazed facades) and through (which have two opposite facades) of European manufacturers are equipped with a flue gas surge chamber. Auxiliary air is supplied here through the injectors, which reacts with sulfur and carbon oxides, Creosation couples and other substances contained in smoke. Dogs can significantly increase the efficiency of the device and it is less common to clean the chimney.
Fireplaces of this type are rather the peninsular: the furnace, as a rule, is embedded in the column, the protrusion of the wall or an incomplete partition, made of light blocks or gypsum fiber sheets. This design makes sense to use space for zoning space.
Swivel furnace-fireplace, say Stromboli (Romotop) or Volubilis (Godin), is available at a price, compact, is able to function in long-burning mode and serve for housing heating. Special rotary stand, as well as a special nozzle for connecting the chimney, without much effort to deploy an appliance by 90 or 360 ° (depending on the design).
Photo: Stuv.
Sometimes on the removal of the walls, fireplaces and furnaces with a conventional (one-sided) furnace are installed using a massive device of the device, as well as its decorative frame as a zoning partition
Photo: Brunner.
Photo: Brunner.
Around fire
The island fireplace requires space - such is the overall opinion of architects and interior designers. The device is inappropriate in a close room, where it is not only difficult to ensure fire safety, but also nothing should be burning about its split body. The focus should be installed aside from the aisles, organizing an independent recreation area around it.
The price of central foci of European firms (A, G, E), including original suspension models (B), starts from 400 thousand rubles. Compact wood fireplace (B, D) can be purchased for 160-240 thousand rubles.
Most factory fireplaces weigh less than 150 kg and do not require a foundation that simplifies installation and allows at certain limits, taking into account the nuances of the chimney laying to adjust the installation location. (Exceptions are central furnaces with ceramic and stone facing, for example, Tulikivi and Gutbrot firms, which we will write about in one of the following numbers.) Within a radius of at least 1.5 m around the open center, the floor must be covered with non-combustible material, for a device with a closed firebox. As a rule, 0.5 m is sufficient.
Installing a wood fireplace must be provided in the design of the house. The construction of the foundation and gasket of the chimney in the constructed building are associated with inconvenience and high costs, and sometimes impossible
The distance from the walls of the chimney to unprotected walls, beams, rafters and other structures from combustible materials should be at least 500 mm. The first chimney modules are often included in the package of the fireplace, the rest will have to acquire themselves. In this case, it is necessary to carefully check the correspondence of diameters and method of connecting pipes.
Photo: Piazzetta.
Three and four-sided floors with mlarified glass cost from 120 thousand rubles., That is, it is about twice as expensive than ordinary
Photo: Chemines Philippe, Stuv
Units without a system of pyrolytic purification of glass need labor-reaching
Not only firewood
Along with the woodwood on the market there are island foci on ethanol and natural gas. The first are available at a price (from 25 thousand rubles) and are extremely easy to install. The ethanol device (the so-called biocamine) is a metal tank for fuel, in the lid of which a number of specially configured holes serving to exit ethanol vapors. To make such a fireplace, it is necessary to fill the capacitance and bring fire to the holes. Many modern devices are equipped with an electrode and electronic flame control system. When burning ethanol, harmless water vapor, carbon dioxide and a small amount of acetaldehyde are formed - in principle, the fireplace does not need chimney, only to provide good ventilation of the room.
Gas island fireplaces are much more expensive (from 200 thousand rubles) and are represented on the Russian market with separate models. They need acid-resistant chimney, but, compared to alcohol, these devices are significantly cheaper in operation and are able to heat the room. The gas device must necessarily be equipped with an electronic control system that turns off the gas supply if the flame goes out, and have a certificate of conformity to GOST R 53321-2009. The fireplace should be installed only in the case when the house is connected to the highway: fuel consumption is great, and the cylinders will not be enough.
Photo: Planka.
The island fireplace is a spectacular and stylish heating device, which perfectly fit into the situation of spacious (from 30 m2) of premises. It will be the original decoration of interiors weathered in High-Tech, avant-garde, futurism and fusion. The design has a small mass, which greatly simplifies the installation. Fireplaces with suspended chimneys and firebox do not even need base, because they do not create loads on the floor. For lung outdoor fireplaces, a complex foundation is not required - it is enough to arrange a reinforced concrete tie. Quality, functional and well-equipped island fireplaces are produced by French and Italian companies. Some models, such as 4 Faces Suspendu (Totem) or M360 T (Piazzetta), glass flaps are completely removed, which allows for time to turn the fireplace into an open source.
Alexey Moskalev
Director of the Regional Development of the company "Fireplace Warehouse"
Photo: JC Bordelet