With full parade

Castles and fittings for interior doors: different types of door mechanisms, features of their work, manufacturing companies. Memo to the buyer

Repair rarely costs without buying new doors. However, the door is not only a canvas, a box and other wooden parts, but also loops, latch or lock, handle and additional accessories. It is always interesting to choose them, pleasantly and at the same time responsibly. How to complete the door "right" accessories?

Colombo Design Today, a variety of hardware products is available. New metalworking technologies, the use of innovative polymer materials and the inspiration of designers turned them into real works of art. We begin to get used to the door handles with rhinestones, invisible loops, trouble-free latches. But, alas, completely and next to the hazardous "gilding" come across; creaking and screaming on the whole house loop; Doors held in a closed position nailed to the jamb by a piece of felt; Locks of the bathrooms that have to open with the help of hammer and chisels ... so that these pictures from the past do not materialize in your home, you must at least in general terms understand the features of the door mechanisms of different types and navigate the accessories market.

Photo 1. "RFM Group"

Photo 2. "RFM Group"

Photo 3. "RFM Group"

Photo 4. "RFM Group"

1-4.Ruchki, stylized under ancient (1,2), are well combined with viper doors from solid wood wood. Smooth boards are more likely equipped with modern design handles (3.4).

Click Slit Run.

UnionToble The inner door did not open when the air movement or from light random jokes, it is equipped with the simplest lock-latch. This device is obliged to be universal (that is, to have a stop-up tongue and approach the door blocks with both right and left opening), aesthetic and reliable, because when it breaks, the door can be blocked. Another very important requirement for the mechanism of latch is a softness: It is unlikely that you will like the door, which when closing it will rumble, as if a commercial wagon coupling device.

Photo 5. Abloy.	Photo 6. Vallivalli.	Photo 7. Colombo Design.	Photo 8. Colombo Design.
Photo 9. Master-Lock.	Photo 10. Master-Lock.	Photo 11. Master-Lock.	Photo 12. Vallivalli.

5-6. The valve (5) corresponds to the style of the door handle (6).

7-8.Popular coatings: "Gold" (7) and "Chrome" (8).

9-11. The glass canvase can be purchased a handle from color or transparent tempered glass. They look more elegantly than metallic, but to handle such products should be carefully and in no case allow the wall strikes.

12. Fusital (VALLIVALLI) Spectacular Door Handles from leading Italian designers includes tens of models in different styles from heterogeneous materials.

Soft triggering of the latch can be provided in several ways. Uzamkov with a sliding riding tongue (so-called Falevy) reduce the noise of the closing door allows the following. Firstly, the tongue is not too strong (with the pressure handle, the pressure handle is equipped with an additional spring that guarantees its return to its original position). Secondly, a retaliatory plank, smoothly rounded in the place where the tongue is hit when she slammed the door. But still a latch of this type is better to check in the work, finding the door in the salon "the operating door with the mechanism of the selected model. Quite quietly, primitive roller (roller) latches are trimmed. However, they have a significant disadvantage: the tongue cannot be removed using the handle. Opening the door, you will have to pull it down pretty much to push the rink inside the case, and then extinguish the inertia of the movement of the canvas. Try to do it with a cup of coffee in another hand, you will most likely spill a drink.

Opinion of a specialist

Master-Lockonight (8-10mm) and heavy (30-50kg) Glass fabric places increased requirements for design and design of loops and locks. The loops are attached through the holes drilled in the glass before it is quenched, and is always supplied with a support bearing, overlays hiding the bolts, or use decorative fasteners. The lock case is nickel or chrome. It is better to acquire German or Italian locks - they do not require special care. Aesley will suddenly be difficult to close the door, most likely you just need to adjust the loops. But do not do it yourself, but call a specialist.

Vadim Rubezhhansky, Head of Master-Lock Glass Doors Department

Garofoliesel You need a truly quiet and easy-to-use latch, pay attention to the mechanisms with polyamide tongues or magnetic locks. Today they are in the assortment of many leading manufacturers of fittings: AGB, Bonaiti, Evolution, Linea Cali, Manital, Mariani, Olivari, Palladium (All Italy), Eco Schulte (Germany), Archie, Urfic (Oba Spain), Abloy (Finland ) and etc. The polyamide (Kapron) and the metal are an anti-friction damping pair (the coefficient of friction of the slip between them is very low, and the vibrations are quenched), so the latch works almost silently. Now, the strength of the material due to the reinforcement of special fibers is very high, and the resource of such mechanisms is not lower than the metallic. True, latches with polyamide tongues are considered to be less fireproof: plastic melting point is about 250 ° C, and the door can be blocked in an emergency. Mcagnetic latches, a blow when slamming the door is generally excluded, as the tongue comes out only at the moment when it turns out opposite the groove in the retaliatory bar. Outcover the door, turning the handle. Cheap (from 400 rubles), silent and reliable magnetic latches appeared on the market relatively recently, but already confidently conquer consumer sympathies.

In sliding format

Colombo Desig If you decided to install sliding doors in the apartment, the handles should be chosen very carefully. Soda side, features of the design of many designs of this type of such that the handle should not be too noticeable and play over the plane of the canvas; On the other, it is necessary to attach a significant effort to open the door. With a large mass of the canvas of the knob of the most common type, the cutting, in the form of a shallow package, turn out to be extremely uncomfortable. Much practical than the model with a folding plate built into the grooves, classic round knobs, as well as overhead "sockets" or P-shaped brackets. Before ordering the door, it is best to test items with various handles.

In private rest

Doors in the bathroom should be blocked from the inside. Therefore, they are supplied with a latch with a retainer, an additional valve stripping (spinage) or a turning type or the so-called clinic-added mechanism with retractable rigel. This mechanism is an integral part of the main lock (that is, it is combined with a latch) or comes in a separate case. There is always an opportunity to safely open lock locks from the outside using a screwdriver or any flat item (for example, coins).

Photo 13. "RFM Group"

Photo 14. "RFM Group"

Photo 15. "RFM Group"

Photo 16. "RFM Group"

13-16. Picks with a retainer (13.14) and handles (15,16) for sliding doors.

Sometimes it is required that the inner door closes on the key. We can install locks with retractable rigel. The simplest devices under the so-called furniture key (the mechanism of secrecy is practically absent) cost from 1500 rubles. Castles with a cylinder mechanism have from several hundred to several thousand secret combinations (simplified cylinders with two or four pins use in interior doors). The price of them is from 3500 rubles. We do not recommend buying cheap products of Chinese firms and manufacturers from the Baltic countries: they are made of soft alloys, they are rapidly wear out, and after 1-2 years, the castle begins to eat. If you want to lock the door both from the inside and outside, you need a double-sided cylinder or a cylinder with an inner "turntable". To close the door outside, the one-sided cylinder will fit. Some companies, such as ASSA (Sweden), manufacture special suvalde locks for interior doors. They are distinguished by a simplified design (the number of suwald is no more than four) and more subtle compared to the lock for the input door housing. Such products are cheaper with cylinder locks, but the keys for them have large dimensions, and the mechanism is considered somewhat less reliable (flat springs under the suvalds are sometimes burst).

Photo 17. Union	Photo 18. Colombo Design.	Photo 19. Colombo Design.	Photo 20. Colombo Design.
Photo 21. "Laverna"	Photo 22. "Laverna"	Photo 23. "RFM Group"	Photo 24. "Laverna"

17. The light veneer is well combined with a nickel-plated handle.

18-20. Differences between the Square handles models (Colombo Design) are insignificant, but are important for the formation of the appearance of the door.

21-22. "Copper" and "Gold" are harmonized with a beech and oak.

23. "Bronze" is suitable for dark tones.

24. Round handle is convenient, as your clothes will not cling to it.

For sliding doors, they produce special locks with a hook-shaped swivel rigle. This, for example, Hook Series (AGB). But it will be possible to cut such a lock only in a panel or scribbled canvas. To make the sliding partition locking, think about how to enhance the strapping of the canvas in the zone of the lock, since such structures are usually made from narrow and fine profiles (aluminum, wooden).

Magnetic Upgrade

Italonometty about years ago magnetic latches were not too reliable. They were afraid of pollution and did not always have time to work with a sharp door slam. Modern locks are deprived of these drawbacks due to the presence of plastic sleeves, in which the tongue axis rotates, but the increased requirements for the accuracy of the insertion are still imposed.

Bright accent

Ghizzi BenattiReMimal attribute of the lock and at the same time the main decoration of the door leaf is the handle. In the manufacture of the handles, the widest range of materials is used - from cheap plastic and aluminum to crystal, diverse stone, leather, valuable wood species. It is mostly handles performed from metal-stainless steel and brass with multilayer protective-decorative coatings, giving glossy products or matte shine and imitating gold, silver, bronze, copper, chrome. Not so easy to create a handle that, every day, withstanding dozens of "institutions", after many years, the initial gloss will remain. To achieve this, leading manufacturers use special technologies. For example, Archie has developed a special SILLUR composite composition based on ceramics. It is sprayed on the metal surface at very high temperatures (plasma spraying). The number of staining and protective layers on the colombo knobs (Italy) reaches six, each subsequent partially (at the molecular level) penetrates into the previous one. Such a thing is able to serve faithfully more than 50 years.

As for the appearance of the door handles, there are all interior design styles, from high-tech, modern and minimalism to Baroque, Rococo and Ampira. Some firms focus on High-Tecca (say, Fusital) or, on the contrary, produce only products under ancient (Enrico Cassina and Salice Paolo) (all of italy). A good handle can not be cheap: the cost of the door set (including decorative linings on the canvas) - from 1800 rubles.

Photo 25. Abloy.	Photo 26. Abloy.	Photo 27. Abloy.	Photo 28. "Laverna"
Photo 29. Italon	Photo 30. "RFM Group"	Photo 31. Abloy.	Photo 32. Union

25-27.Good knob (25), stationary handle (26) and "turntable" of the retainer (27).

28.Garnutors of the castle with a latch assembly.

29. Thanks to a special cut in the lock case, the latch tongue is rearranged without using plumbing tools.

30. The need for a multi-dealer castle can be combined with simple snapshots.

31. The listings are needed to fix the fixed sash.

32. The power is screwed into the removal of the gun.

Eternal workers

When operating a swing door, the main load carry loops. Based on the mass of the canvas, its type (with or without a fest) and the direction of the opening, determine the amount of loops and their appearance for a particular door unit. The so-called card loops (or "butterflies") and cylindrical screws are most common. Assue queue, the first is divided into detachable (left and right) and universal. The detachable loops are somewhat easier in the installation, and besides, allow you to quickly remove the web (for example, if it interferes with carrying large equipment or furniture). But buying universal loops, you do not risk a mistake with the direction of opening. It is desirable that the hinges are equipped with bearings (a ball of tempered steel on the end of the pin is played in the detail. These products are silent, they are not required often to lubricate, but they serve dozens of years. For almost any interior door, there are enough two card loops of the appropriate size, which most manufacturers are three-to-40, 60 and 100 kg.

Opinion of a specialist

Leading Italian doors manufacturers supply their products complete with hinges and latch (at the request of the user - with a lock under the furniture key, with a reliable cylinder or with a fixer for bathrooms). The grooves and holes under them are made in the factory conditions on high-precision equipment, and you do not have to worry that the installers will damage the canvas using a hand tool when working. Those who buys the door in the salon store must necessarily relate to the handles suitable for her. However, nothing prevents from choosing this accessory yourself, to your liking. As the help of special services on the sites of leading trading companies, you can, without leaving home, combine handles with a particular door model.

Konstantin Novikov, head of the "Accessories" of ITALON

However, the card loops will not be able to install on the door with the entrance. Such doors are equipped with whipped loops originally designed for window designs. The fundamental difference between such loops from "butterflies" is a way of fastening to wooden parts. Wide wings with screw holes They are replaced by integrated threaded pins, which are screwed into the template drilled in the canvas and the hole box.

Screw loops are elegant and miniature. Holes on a key hexagon on the pin they close with decorative caps (plastic on the color of the tree or metal). Thanks to this, fasteners are completely immeasured and perfectly harmonizes with the door of almost any design. Produce screw loops of several sizes (as well as card), with two or four pins; They can be equipped with a web mass to 100kg. However, three loops are always installed. In the opposite case there is a big risk that the pin pins will break out of the canvas bar or strapping. Plastic clip (the axial loop rod rotates in it) almost eliminates the possibility of a screap.

Photo 33. "RFM Group"	Photo 34. "RFM Group"	Photo 35. "RFM Group"	Photo 36. "RFM Group"
Photo 37. Union	Photo 38. Union	Photo 39. "Laverna"	Photo 40. "Laverna"

33-36.Telli under the old days (33,35.36) today are less popular than hidden (34).

37.To to embed a hidden loop, a milling mill is required and a cut of the cutting diameter.

38-40.The most modern loop "heel" (38) and traditional card loops: detachable (39) and universal (40).

Italian manufacturers, and after them and domestic began to supply their products with miniature "heel" loops, which are installed at the top and bottom of the canvas. Like loops "butterflies", they have wings, but one of them is located in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. These wings screw to the upper and lower ends of the canvas. Outwardly, the loops resemble abortable, however, the carrier's ability is not inferior to cards.

Not so long ago, doors appeared in large salons with hidden loops, such as Kubica (Koblenz, Italy). These loops are absolutely not visible when the door is closed, universal and withstand the load to 50kg each. They allow you to open the door to 180 (the platband is not a hindrance in this case) and are regulated in three planes, so that you can compensate for the deformations of wooden parts, often occurring at the shrinkage at home. But there are hidden loops on average 3-4 times more expensive than cards and twisted (up to 1500 rubles. For the set). The aprocesses of their inserts are harder, which significantly affects the price of the door block. For doors with swinging canvases (they are able to open in both directions and are very convenient, for example, in the kitchen) use special reversible spring-loaded loops that return the sash to the "closed" position.

Modern loops are mainly made of steel and brass and separate the same technologies as door handles: nickel, chrome, covered with protective and decorative varnishes IT.D. It is usually easy to choose a hinge under the color of the handle.

Few noise, because of what?

Improve the soundproof properties of the door block will help the guillotink threshold, built into the lower end of the web. It extends automatically when the door closes, and goes inside the canvas, as soon as it begins to open (there are no traces on the floor). The mechanism is powered by a spring and control button located in the side end of the sash. The button has a square cross section, rotating its key, you can adjust the height of the threshold (within the profile width). However, this is a fairly expensive option (about 3 thousand rubles), and offer it very few companies. Please note: install the retractable threshold can be installed only if the apartment provides a system of supply ventilation (for example, a channel type).

Photo V. Grigoriev

Photo V. Grigoriev

Memo to the buyer

1. The power of the lock case for the interior door should not be more than 1/2 thickness of the canvas. Keep in mind that for thin doors, special locks of reduced dimensions have been developed.

2. If you decide to make a castle headset yourself (that is, you acquire the lock, cylinder and handles of different manufacturers), be sure to check whether its elements are suitable for each other. It is better to buy a separate lining on the cylinder (the knobs are sold complete with overlays), not a solid plate. Then it does not have to worry, whether the distances between the axes of the cylinder and the handle on the castle and the decorative lining will coincide.

3.To not damage the handle and wall finish, you should install a limiter equipped with a protective rubber lining.

4.Telli need to choose with a significant reserve of bearing ability, because your child may well try to ride the door.

5. Doctor to clean the handles with organic solvents, such a test, do not even withstand the most good varnishes. It is best to use a special accessories tool. Persistent contamination can be tried with alcohol.

Photo 41. "RFM Group"	Photo 42. "RFM Group"	Photo 43. "RFM Group"
Photo 44. "RFM Group"	Photo 45. "Laverna"	Photo 46. Union

41-43. Marufacture of marble coatings (41), white matte chromium (42) and aged bronze (43).

44. Rapid limiters of a classic semicircular form.

45. The stroke of the door of the door is fixed with one screw with a dowel. The place for it is chosen with such a calculation so that the distance between the handle and the wall was 15-20mm.

46. ​​If there are pets in the house, mortise passing rugs Ferplast will be very useful.

The editors thanks ITALON, Master-Lock, Union, Ablah, "Volkhovets", "Laverna" for help in preparing the material.