The laws of kitchen ergonomics and advice of specialists, how to properly organize the space of the kitchen so that it can be happy to work with it, without being excess
Beckermann. | 
"EKOMEBEL" | 
"Stylish kitchens" | 
Miele. |
1. Space Corner system for corner space.
2. Kitchen Program "Dina" more than 400 elements.
3. Compassion is complemented by a vertical of mounted cabinets.
4. Mine kitchen arrangement: high, recessed in niche cabinets for storing products and embedding equipment; The functional "island", which is made a cooking surface.
Ergonomics of the kitchen is not limited to the competent construction of a "work triangle". Other factors are important: for example, a working height, the maximum use of the useful space ("smart" organization of cabinets and boxes) so that everything you need is at hand and is favorable or at least available. In love, a large cabin, selling furniture of domestic manufacturers, such as "Allegrdrev", "Announcement", "Atlas-Lux", "Dryada", "Eurocomfort", "Kitchen Dvor", "Maria", "Stylish kitchens", "satellite-style "," Foret "," EKOMEBEL ", ADM, EDEL, ELT, VERONA MOBILI, VIRS, GIULIANOVARS IDR., Or foreign, such as Alno, Nolte Kchen, Hacker, Bau-For-Mat (all Germany), Aran , Scavolini, Snaidero, Composit (All Italy), Koryna (Czech Republic), A La Carte (Finland) IDR., You will tell you about this designer. The main thing is to correctly designate the range of questions you are interested in. Let's deal with the most importantly.
Boffi. | 
Boffi. | 
Nolte Kchen | 
Verona Mobili. |
5-6. Mobile kitchen MINI KITCHEN makes a comfortable even a small room.
7.The is the "island" will allow you to place a variety of built-in cooking panels.
8. For one facade, you can hide two boxes at once.
The score begins the kitchen?In accordance with the concept of food cooking, the kitchen workspace can be divided into five zones:
storage of "long-playing" foods (cereals, pasta, canned IDR), as well as perishable and frozen;
storage of daily used edible supplies and objects (dishes, cutlery);
washing (under it placed garbage collecting, cleaning products, water purification filter), in which the dishwasher is placed;
preparation (pre-processing) of products;
Cooking (cooking panel, oven, steamer, extractor, utensils, babysitting IT.D.).
The thoughtful location and the effective organization of all zones allow to reduce energy consumption in daily cooking classes.
ASTER CUCINE | 
Nolte Kchen | 
Ernestomeda. | 
Miele. |
9.Domina is the answer to the question: "How to make the kitchen as comfortable as possible, individual and beautiful?"
10.Bextant lines, comfort and functionality at any level, inside each locker, drawer and shelves - the main characteristics of this kitchen.
11. The charnel composition is beautiful, modern, unique, attracts views. So time, each square centimeter of the kitchen is solved ergonomically and practical.
12. "Peninsula" with a shining showcase in the end can serve as an organic watershed in the open "Ocean" of the studio space.
Routes that we chooseThere are six main types of kitchen configuration types: single-square (single-row), two-line (double-row), L-shaped, U-shaped, "island" and "peninsular" (G-shaped). This classification is very conditional. Each can adapt any composition to its needs, habits and mode of operation.
Linear (single-row). The "working triangle" composition is turned out to be deployed, since all successive operations make the mistress, moving along the single line. The refrigerator and slab is better to arrange on different sides of the washing. Such a layout is relevant in any room, including in the kitchen, inscribed in the studio space.
Double-line (double row). You can split the composition into two parallel blocks: on one side, the cooker, washing and the working surface between them; On the other, a refrigerator, cabinets and, if necessary, an additional worktop. The width of the passage between the rows should be at least 1.2m. The second row in the visual kitchen often form outlet storage systems, as well as high cabinets for embedding technology (they often fit into a niche is a convenient and elegant solution). Pluses of double-row layout - capacity, the ability to place a large number of built-in household appliances. Cons (they sometimes manifest themselves in a small place) - problems with the location of the dining table and the lack of free space.
Opinion of a specialist
Compositions with streamlined (radial) facades are very beautiful, they have a unique futuristic look. However, it often arises the problem of choting between beauty and functionality, since radius elements-overalls. For example, the radius section of the WAVE kit (Factory "Maria") 120 cm wide with wave-like facades looks very attractive, and many dishes are placed in it. However, the sash in such a module only looped, and the technique in it can be embedded with great difficulty. Instead of a base with streamlined facades at this place, it is better to install a dishwasher and a straight-line section with drawers. Rounded elements are best looking in the kitchen combined with the living room. They will help to separate the kitchen zone from the representative. At the same time, the radius "island" is able to serve as a bar.
Mikhail Glukhov, Lead Designer Factory "Maria"
L-shaped. The kitchen planned in the form of a Latin letter "L" allows you to clearly divide even a small space into two functional zones- dining and working. At the same time, an additional work surface appears, and the volume of cabinets is sufficient to store all the necessary. This type of construction is suitable for almost all rooms, with the exception of narrow. For spacious and open kitchens, where there is no particular need to use the angles, the L-shaped composition is suitable, the lines of which are not connected by the angular module.
U-shaped. Furniture and techniques located along the three walls are "streaming" by the user, providing convenient access to all zones and without interfering to move around the kitchen. One of the blocks (as a rule, with washing) is placed by the wall with the window, and the benefits of work with natural light are obvious. The length of the wall, which establishes the central part of the composition, should be 2.4-4m, and the distance between parallel blocks is 1.5-2.8m. At smaller sizes, there will be no place to turn around, and with a more free arrangement you will have too much to walk between the centers of activity.
Del Tongo. | 
Del Tongo. | 
"Maria" | 
"Stylish kitchens" |
13-14.The dinner table, adjacent to the "island", in the blink of an eye turns into the field of activity of the hostess.
15.U-shaped construction: With the help of a special unit, the sink was raised above the level of the working surface.
16. The original extract gives the "island" of the streamlined form elegance and uniqueness.
"Island". This is a combined embodiment of any type with an additional work unit ("island") made in the middle of the room. A similar type of planning provides a lot of opportunities to create an optimal "working triangle". Functionally the island can be anyhow: with washing, hob, a cutting surface, a bar counter (from the living room). "The working triangle" in no case should be divided by the "island" - in this case it is inconvenient to prepare food. This configuration is suitable exclusively for spacious space from 18m2. The optimal dimensions of the "island" - 1.21,2m, minimum- 9060cm. The width of the passages is not less than 1.2m.
"Peninsula". This is a kitchen L-or U-shaped planning with the "peninsula" -igh-step, combined with closet cabinets. It is sink or stove. "Peninsula" can also be used as an additional work surface, bar racks for breakfast, serving table separating the kitchen from the dining room.
The configuration affects the cost of the kitchen composition. So, the kitchen with angular blocks is 10-15% more expensive than linear similar lengths. Analia "Islands" with the same number of components increases the price at least 20%.
Opinion of a specialist
Recently, European manufacturers offer an enlarged depth of table tops. For example, Nolte Kchen, along with the standard depth of the lower body, 56cm in the element base there are cabinets and reduced depths - 35, 4,5 cm, and an increased depth - 71cm (for the table top 75cm). Countertops in the standard assortment Noltekchen have a depth of 60, 75, 90 and 120 cm. But the factory can make any countertop in this range. In addition cases, the use of aggravated depth countertops is a technical necessity. For example, with a combination of a gas cooking surface and a glass wall "apron", the distance between which should be at least 10 cm.
Alexey Dergalin, Technical Director of the Nolte Kchen Representative Office in Russia
Three levels of comfortMost of all, we are tired when we work standing. The deviation of the body from the vertical axis is even 20, according to scientific data, leads to a one-sided load on intervertebral discs, back voltage, discomfort in the lower back and neck area, and also causes heaving in the legs. Therefore, one of the most important components of the ergonomics of the working place is the correct height of its zones.
Soviet time Employees of VNIITE (All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics) identified functional levels and dimensions on the front of each of the jobs. Their standard height was proposed in accordance with the average growth of the European woman (164-168cm) and the working conditions are standing 85cm on the floor. Later, the All-Russian Design and Design and Technological Institute of Furniture) introduced another possible height of the working planes to 90cm. Today, the kitchens with a table top of 90cm are in great demand. For example, in the United States and some European countries (in particular, in Scandinavian), this parameter becomes a new standard.
Riva | 
Nolte Kchen | 
Beckermann. |
17. The folding board makes the car wash even more functional.
18. Specific approach to the arrangement of space under the sink.
19.kunny with an underestimated hob.
Most often, the kitchen is completed with the total tabletop of one height. According to many specialists, the multi-level work planes are more ergonomic. They significantly make it easier for everyday troubles, as you have the ability to change the position of the back and redistribute the load. The highest surface level (about 100cm from the floor) should be in the sink zone. This will allow the hostess to work, holding the back straight, and the elbows will be bent at a right angle, and the brushes arranged on the front side of the sink bowl. A little less than a high worktop (approximately 90cm) are recommended for a cutting area. To determine the most optimal height of the tabletop, use the simple rule: bend your hands into the elbow between the last and working surface should be about 15 cm. When you put a heavy (especially large) pan on the cooking panel or remove it, it is more convenient and safer to keep this dishes is not too high. Therefore, the cooking surface is better to lower the cut-off table with 10 cm. The figures given by us are the average indicators. They vary depending on the growth of the user.
Miele. | 
Nolte Kchen | 
Bau-for-Mat | 
"Maria" |
20. Bar rack can serve a cutting surface for a very high user.
21.Massive cutting board increased the work surface.
22.New for a small room: "Peninsula", turning into a table for breakfast.
23. Modulo modulo is concise and respectable. There is a place everything here.
Due to what can be lifted the working surface if the standard height of the lower Tumb 72cm (without base-and countertops)? For example, with the help of the base, the usual height of which is 10 and 15 cm (Nolte Kchen-9 and 30cm). Another option is to supply cabinets for adjustable legs (their height increases, if necessary). Such a solution also provides more thorough cleaning and easier for it. The third way is to hang the lower modules on the wall (if it is capital). Result Kitchen will visually become easier. AESLIs such modules are equipped with backlight, the lower tier of furniture in general will "wake up." By the way, attached lockers and feet-equipped with legs are not only beautiful, but also comfortable. Another method is the use of table tops of a variable thickness. Furniture Factory "Maria" offers to make a tabletop with a thickness of 4cm, and in the zone of the cooking panel to reduce it to 1.2 cm.
There are such simple techniques of impact of the working plane, as an add-in table top with a thick wooden cutting board, using a washing with overhead wooden plates.
Doors open ...
Choosing mounted cabinets, users often pay attention only to their capacity, but do not give the values to the door opening. Swing are not always comfortable. It is better to choose those open up (horizontal folding, groove sash, lifting door). Thanks to the mechanisms with the integrated function of smooth closing, for example, Vivario (Hettich, Germany) and Aventos (Blum, Austria) - the doors of mounted cabinets, equipped with a damper, rises smoothly and silently.
Hey, you, there, upstairs!The selection of the altitude of the mounted cabinets depends on many factors: the number of utensils and products that you intend to store them, the level of ceiling, aesthetic addictions. Some users (usually stocked hosts) prefer high kitchens, others love low lightweight compositions, the third choose the average option, and the fourth believe that without upper modules you can do, replacing them with built-in cabinets with exit elements (this is a very fashionable kitchen furniture layout) .
Standard attached cabinets usually have a height of 36-101cm and a depth of 30cm. There are those that put directly on the worktop (altitude, about 120 and 140 cm). A separate group formed cabinets intended for embedded household appliances (they are slightly higher than 200cm). The upper shelf of wall modules is recommended to be installed not higher than 190 cm on the floor (in this case, the height of the composition will be 210 cm). Width cabinets - 15-120cm and more. Each manufacturer offers a set of typical sizes. It's usually richer manufacturers. For example, the Nolte Kchen factory introduced the innovative Matrix 150 program: the dimensions of the cabinets and all other elements become multiple 150 with the introduction of a new basic size - raster. It is taken as a step, which is counted in three dimensions: height, width, depth.
HCKER ("Decoration") | 
HCKER ("Decoration") | 
Hettich. | 
Hettich. |
24-25. Specially designed lifts allow you evenly, gently and silently to close the doors.
25-26. Innovations Hettich: Easys electrical system reacts to a slight touch to the front panel, putting forward boxes, no matter how hard they are loaded (25); The new Sensys loop with a built-in damper combines stylish design and comfort in operation (26).
The height of the upper cabinets also determines the distance between the mounted and floor modules - 50-70cm. At the same time, the distance between the hob and the extract should be 70-75cm for the electric stove and 75-80cm- for gas. Some lowered wall cabinets even lower, so that they are 45cm from the working surface. In the case of a middle-height person, it will not be easy to get a subject not only from the bottom shelf, but also from the second. Avot needs to third solve you. It may be able to reach it, perhaps, only the "basketball player" with a height of 2m. Therefore, take care that all family members be convenient to use the upper modules.
Opinion of a specialist
The kitchen should organize the overall (upper) light, lighting the dining area, the working surface. But first of all, take care of the working area. At the same time, it is necessary to distribute the light stream so that it evenly falls on the cutting table, sink and stove. As a rule, overall lighting, especially when cooking food, in the kitchen is not enough. Therefore, an additional light is needed, which will fall on important functional zones. Most often for this apply lamps built into the cornice and under the upper modules. There are more original solutions: for example, glowing shelves that serve as an additional light source and give the kitchen interior aesthetic appeal. In addition, the shelf-lamp can be used instead of the usual bottom of the mounted cabinet.
Oksana Buderin, Lead Designer of the company "EKOMEBEL"
There are no little thingsThe European market places three basic requirements for the kitchen.
1. It should be silent. Flasting doors, knockboxes, creak and other noises create a feeling of discomfort. Therefore, manufacturers of fittings are SALICE (Italy), GRASS (Austria), Blum, Hettich- are actively implementing damping systems, that is, silent smooth closing. This applies not only to retractable and exit systems. Today, almost any functional kitchen module can be installed a mechanism that allows you to close the doors silently. An example is a new Silent System (Hettich) loop with a built-in damper, which provides a silent smooth closing of the door, ajar at an angle of no more than 35. Designers that make up modern interiors still pay special attention to the furniture facades without pens. Therefore, the PUSH-TO-OPEN system remains relevant, and it continues to improve.
2.The view from the hinting doors in the lower tier of the kitchen. Drawers with full extension instead of docts and traditional shelves in the lower cabinets make it possible to optimally use the useful space, make the contents foreseeable and affordable. High rear and side walls, as well as internal delimiters help take care of an impeccable order. However, there are no static shelves behind the swing doors today, but the retractable metal baskets.
3. Maximum use of the internal space of cabinets and boxes. The "smart filling" of modern kitchen furniture allows everyone to arrange and decompose in places, saves the time and effort of the hosts.
Opinion of a specialist
On average, the specific capacity for the kitchen lighting is 75W / m2. It should be a maximum of cooking, 100W / m2, and near the dining table, 50W / m2. The lamps over the sink and stove must have the degree of protection of the IP 22. Comfortable for a person is the color temperature of 2800-3500k. The color rendering index (RA) of the reference light source (sun) is adopted for 100. The color rendering range is 80-100RA.
Ekaterina Chistyeeva, lead designer Factory "Stylish Kitchens"
Dawn over the kitchenFor this room, a warm white spectrum resembling natural light is preferred. It provides expensive fluorescent lamps with color temperatures 2700K (Type: LTB) and halogen lamps, bright, clean and warm light of which are called sunny. They guarantee the most accurate color reproduction, with such lighting, cooked dishes look appetizing.
Verona Mobili. | 
"Maria" | 
HCKER ("Decoration") | 
HCKER ("Decoration") |
28.Rerous high sidewalls of drawers allow you to overcome their content from all sides, and the kitchen looks easier.
29.G-shaped drawers are combined with a comfortable cassette.
30. The wardrobe is equipped with two types of backlighting: beyond the working surface, super-hidden.
31.Rerous shelves with illumination integrated in them.
From fluorescent light sources, elongated lamps with a diameter of 7 or 16mm and 40W are considered optimal. Their power consumption is 5 times lower, and the light output is 4-6 times higher than incandescent lamps. Aiz halogen light sources suitable low-voltage (12V) tubular lamps with a long spiral. When they are installed, it is necessary to provide a place for the transformer: connected directly into the outlet with a voltage of 220V, they will instantly fail. The service life of halogen lamps 2-6 thousand. It also characterizes high light output (14-25lm / W) and low power consumption. Most often, the lamps are mounted under hinged cabinets, using both tubular and point light sources. In addition, one can be located single light sources above the upper cabinets - in a row along the entire line of the working area. When installing on the ceiling, you should not lower the lamps below the top edge of the shelves. Keten lamps are better attached to flexible or movable brackets that are 50-60 cm. Choose lamps that are easy to wash: contaminants reduce illumination level by 10-20%.
To illuminate the working surface, only light sources are often used built into exhaust. It uses miniature incandescent bulbs with a capacity of 20-40Ws, elongated luminescent (9-13W) and halogen (20W).
Special attention requires the coverage of the "Island". If a cooking surface is made on it, it is advisable to install a hood with powerful built-in devices in the working area. Aesley draws over the "island" no, you can use lamps on elongated cords in belafones, scattering light. The common version of the illumination of the "Island" is a special suspended design - mencol, equipped with point sources of light.
What can save without compromising health and comfort
1. The hope is simpler the design of kitchen modules, the cheaper the furniture set.
2. With more wide kitchen elements, the smaller the total cost. One cabinet with 90cm wide cheaper than two similar cabinets for 45cm.
3. Subject materials and decor (glass, aluminum, stained glass IT.P.) - additional costs. The less modules with glass doors, the lower the total price of the kit.
4. The painful of the facades is very important, but they do not have to be made of expensive array. Modern technologies allowed to improve the quality of plastic and MDF. These materials are distinguished by special strength, wear resistance, thermo- and moisture resistance, and there are cheaper array.
5. Reproduce it, which and where to place in the kitchen, considering the composition of the family.
Kvodelosu about savingsNew kitchen - a large-scale event in the life of any family: to repair the room, choose furniture, equipment, functional content, accessories. What to save? Unfortunately, many do it at the expense of the internal device of cabinets and boxes. Avted high-quality and reliable drawers, a variety of systems for organizing their useful space are one of the most important components of the Kitchen XXIV. Vorgonomics is very important to assess the physical activity. Imagine how uncomfortable to get to the supplies, putting on your knees and bent or pre-removing all the contents of the shelf! It is unlikely that you will come to the shower stacking boxes without closers: they will be stuck to clap, and only on 1/3, if their contents are welded, as much as the lack of separators, inserts-organizer. Avteda every day you will have to open at least 10-15 times and close them.
Miele. | 
Nolte Kchen | 
Beckermann. | 
Blum |
32.Chirly white smooth lacquer is combined with a veneer of natural wood Liquidambar, covered with high-chance, and instead of the bottom cabinets used hinged dressers. In the "residential" context, lamps fit cozy.
33-34. When a spectacular appearance of the kitchen complements ergonomic carefully thought-out internal content, it causes admiration. Products Nolte Kchen and Beckermann perfectly combines both.
35.Shippossos easily rearranged the tray system, as well as the longitudinal and transverse dividers of ORGA-LINE space of drawers can be organized according to your desire. They do not require much care, and they can be washed even in a dishwasher.
Or consider, for example, the space under the sink. Plastic bucket in the depth of the closet is not the best type of garbage collector, especially if you compare it with a retractable system consisting of several convenient containers that are easy to wash. Retractable and swivel systems with complex mechanisms make the kitchen much more expensive. But it is thanks to them that it becomes ergonomic, comfortable in operation. Such devices eliminate the hostess from unnecessary movements, ensure order. It is not necessary that all the cabinets are equipped with them. The cost of mobile mechanisms in the most economical version is 10% of the kitchen price. For this money you will order one end with full-digit boxes equipped with organizers. Let there be only three such boxes, but in them you will place all the most running, frequently used items. If the budget is limited, from complex field systems will have to refuse, but you will be quite able to afford a bottle cassette 15cm wide (1500-2000rub) in the cooking zone. For a kitchen with an area of 7-10m2, this is enough. If you want to organize not alone, but two databases with drawers, the cost of the kitchen will increase by 15-16%, and if add one or two spinning angular elements - by 30%.
The editors thanks the Salon Studio "Decoration", the company "Maria", IBTM, "EKOMEBEL", Logikform Interiors, Verona Mobili, representative offices of Nolte Kchen, Blum, Hettich in Russia for help in preparing the material.
The material is prepared according to the results of the survey of readers on the website of the action "Create new ideas."