"Smart" wiring accessories: touch switches, switches switches, dimmers, timers and autonomous emergency lamps
Photo by K. Menkosnchally just listed the products that managed to tell in the already published articles: touch switches; Switches switches (they are subdivided into passing and cross), light-cutters (dimmers), timers and autonomous emergency lamps. These products come to the domestic market mainly from Europe. Thus, the United Kingdom is represented by MK Electric products. Germany is a whole dozen firms: ABB, B.E.G., Berker (enters the Schneider Elestric Concern), Duwi, Elso, Gira, Jung, Kopp, Merten, Osram, Siemens, Steinel and Theben. Avot Italian companies Two: BTICINO (enters the Legrand Concern) and Vimar. WTO Time as Spanish - Four: BJC, Duisa, Fede and Simon. France also represent only two firms, but the largest: Legrand and Schneider Elestric. This market contains products of just one company from the CIS countries "Nootechnics" (Belarus). Inacontament, from Russian, companies such as Gusi-Elestric, Wessen (enters the Schneider Elestric Concern), "White Light", "Kuntsevo-Electro" and "Realt". It's a list of manufacturers is far from full.
Simon. | 
| 
| 
Foscarini. |
1. For the manufacture of the housings of the touch devices use the same materials as for familiar switches: glass, color shockproof plastic and metal.
2-3. The idea of dimmers and timers made in the form of adapters for electrical outlet is very diverse and sometimes quite original.
4. The emergency design of the designer of See You (Foscarini), working with economical fluorescent lamps.
Touch devicesThe touch switch consists of three main parts: a sensitive element, a semiconductor transducer and switch. When an object of exposure to the active surface of the sensing element is produced, a certain signal is produced that the converter turns into an electrical signal of such power to work the switch. The latter and produces a closure or opening (or both operations) of a constant or alternating current chain: lighting, power, security or control.
Insert three types of sensory switches are used: capacitive, optical (they are divided into illumination sensors operating in the usual spectrum, and motion sensors operating in the infrared spectrum) and high-frequency devices known as the volume sensors.
| 
| 
| 
|
5. The datter of movement with the sound channel of the control will again turn on the light if any noise cares for 3c.
6. Monoblock switch with a built-in volume sensor.
7-8. Come on the twilight switches of a variety of shape. Chinese (7) rougher, but cheaper. European (8) is more elegant, but more expensive.
Capacitive switches Work so. You brings your hand to the surface under which the sensitive element is hidden, at a distance of 40-50mm, and the device includes or extinguishes light. Kneke models need to touch slightly. We are primarily needed in the kitchen and bathroom.
Infrared sensors Also called motion sensors or presence or infrared sensory switches. The name itself explains the principle of operation of the instruments: they are noted only emitting thermal radiation in the infrared range of the body spectrum and technical devices, and exclusively moving. The sensitive element in such a device surrounds consisting of segments collecting plastic lens, which can have a view of a hemispheric cap or "panoramic glazing" (the device of the device review depends on the form).
| 
Jung. | 
Schneider Electric | 
Legrand. |
9.compact spotlight with IR motion sensor.
10-12. Movement, installed instead of the switch, can only work automatically (10-11) and manually controlled (12).
At the place of installation distinguish between IR switches mounted on the wall or ceiling. The sensitive element in them can be fixed motionless or on a hinge having one, two and even three degrees of freedom. To block the operation of the IR switch in the bright time of the day, it is supplied with a light sensor with a regulator. In many models to eliminate the response of devices on small pets, a heat flux power regulator is built. Well, for consumers who do not want to assemble electrocups independently, lamps are offered with built-in motion sensors.
The convenience of using IR sensors as circuit breakers is particularly obvious in those rooms where you are in short time and often with busy hands: on stairs, in corridors and hallways, toilets and bathrooms, pantry and garages. These devices are very useful for automating the inclusion of lighting over the entrance doors to the house or apartment, as well as over the entrance gate to the site or in the garage. In addition, they can perform a security function-unpredied guest will not be happy at all, if, when it approaches the house or penetration into the apartment, the illumination will suddenly turn on, and at the same time and revuv.
Light sensors According to the design, similar to IR sensors, but are based on the use of photodiodes that react to light radiation in the visible part of the spectrum. Only the reaction to the luminous flux to enter the sensitive element in the illumination sensors is directly opposed: they do not closure, but open the electrical panel. Moreover, the level of illumination to which the sensor reacts can be set using a regulator existing on the body of the device. This allows the use of illumination sensors, for example, in the illumination of the facades: the temperature itself will turn on the lights itself, it will turn off. The simplest of such device-energy-saving lamps with an illumination sensor mounted in them.
Sensors volume. These devices periodically emit weak high-frequency pulses, and then they are reflected from the floor, ceiling, walls and interior items. If two pictures of the reflected signals are identical, then nothing happens. If you differ (in the "view" of the sensor, a person arose) - the command is given to turn on the light.
Legrand. | 
Legrand. | 
Legrand. | 
|
13-15. Standard Emergency Light (13) and a set to convert a luminescent lamp to alarm: Inverter / Charger (14) and battery (15).
16.Log, conveniently: you do not have time to approach the stairs, and the motion sensor has already turned on its backlight. Architects A. Kanias, Kanchite. Photo E. Mulchin and R. Selomentseva.
Switches passing and crossAnd those and others actually are not switches. This is rather switches. It's all in the domestic device. If the ordinary switch has two contacts, then the passable one, and cross-four.
Complete? But how many convenience create these wonderful devices. Imagine a long corridor from which you can get into four rooms. We put on both of its ends along the passing switch plus from each of the intermediate doors to cross- and light in the corridor you can enable or disable any of these devices. Such "kits" will be very useful in the family bedroom: the inlet - on the entrance, the second, the far from the door of the edge of the bed, and the cross-near the edge of the near.
DimmersDimmer (from the English Dim- "dimming") referred to as the load regulator of the load, included in series with it. For simplicity, we explain that dimmer allows you to smoothly or stepwise change the voltage supplied to the lighting device (load), thereby adjusts the brightness of its glow.
The modern market offers thyristor-based devices, simistors (symmetric thyristors) and so-called field transistors. According to the design of the actuator mechanism, light-controllers can be button (swivel and swivel-push, keyboard, sensory and combined). There is a classification and by type of adjustable load. In addition to the dimmers installed in the mounting box instead of a conventional switch, there are devices mounted on a DIN rail in electrical panel.
Osram. | 
Osram. | 
Legrand. | 
Simon. |
17.Economic lamp with light sensor.
18. Special lamp with motion sensor, highlighting the house number.
19-20. Previous variants of stationary (unnecessary) modular emergency lighting devices.
Timers
Photo of V.Nepledovaevalization To turn on and off at a specified time (conversation with the schedule) connected to it, electrical appliances (loads) is called a timer. This is one of the most accessible elements of the home automation system capable of controlling electrical and lighting devices. Thus, the inhabitants of the aquariums or terrariums will be very grateful to you, if the illumination is vital and the air compressor will become turned on not only when you returned home, and on schedule, at the right time. The timer during the day can control the wellness appliances available in the house (Ionizer IT.D.) and fans in bathrooms and bathrooms that will be turned on periodically and at a given time. The timer will help and create the effect of the presence that the unbelled guests will scare away.
All devices can be divided into single and multichannel, electromechanical and electronic. They can be installed as an adapter to the power outlet, mounted in a regular box instead of switch or DIN rail.
Emergency lightingThese devices are usually divided into three types: permanent action (lighting lamps continue to work and after disconnecting the network), non-permanent action (emergency lighting lamps are turned on only with the disappearance of the supply voltage) and combined (equipped with at least two lamps: one feeds from the lighting network, the second from battery). It is possible to other division of stationary and mobile, and in each of these groups, separately and modular.
An emergency lamp with tubular luminescent lamps can be purchased ready, and you can create from the already existing using the autonomous power device. Mobile and stationary modular products are externally similar to the switch and in the interior are invisible.
| Choice of readers Siemens. | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| IR motion sensors | Switches for inclusion schemes from two or more places | Digital and Mechanical Timers | Light regulators - dimmers |
Sensor Delta Reflex IP 55 Can be mounted on the ceiling and wall, both inside and outside the house Coverage - from 110 to 290; range - 10-16m; Installation height - 1.1-2.2m A total of more than 300 models are produced. Price: 2250-4400rub. | 
Keyboard switch Series Delta Miro Glass. , framework black glass A total of more than 300 models are produced. Price: 145-1350rub. | 
Digital timer Astro. for mounting on DIN rail A total of 27 models are produced. Price: 970-12 500 rubles. | 
Rotary dimmer series Delta Natur. (light oak) A total of more than 300 models are produced. Price: 830-3800rub. |
| Choosing the magazine "Ideas of your home" Legrand. | |||
| IR motion sensors | Switches for inclusion schemes from two or more places | Digital and Mechanical Timers | Light regulators - dimmers |
Sensor motion series Celiane. With the on / off function manually. Install in the mounting box Coverage - from 180; range - up to 6m; Installation height - 0.95-1.25m A total of 40 models are produced. Price: 2100-3700rub. | 
Keyboard Switch Nocturne Series Seliane. , frame - copper with patina A total of more than 60 models are produced. Price: 200-1700rub. | 
Timer on 28 series programs Seliane. . Allows you to manage the heating system A total of 50 models are produced. Price: 4300-7000 rub. | 
Dimmer Series Seliane. combined with switch Total produces more than 80 models. Price: 1300-3500rub. |
| Selecting the magazine "SALON-INTERIOR" Simon. | |||
| IR motion sensors | Switches for inclusion schemes from two or more places | Digital and Mechanical Timers | Light regulators - dimmers |
Motion Detector Infrared Series 82. (Smirphon), for installation inside the house, plastic cream Coverage- 180; range - 6m; Installation height - 1-2.2m A total of 5 models of + 300 frame options are available. Price: 2100-4800rub. | 
Push-button switch with illuminated series 88. . Finishing - gold (24 carats). A total of more than 300 models are produced. Price: 100-1300rub. | Digital timer series 82. With the function of imitation of presence. Finishing, stone (slate). There are 50 models + 300 frame options. Price: 4000-6000 rub. | 
Touch Dimmer Series 82. with a timer up to 15 minutes, color champagne, metallic. A total of 300 models are produced. Price: 650-4000 rub. |
| Choice of the magazine "New House" BJC. | |||
| IR motion sensors | Switches for inclusion schemes from two or more places | Digital and Mechanical Timers | Light regulators - dimmers |
IR Sensor Movement Series Mega. . Adjustable trip time: from 6 seconds to 12 minutes Coverage- 195; range- 8m; Installation height - 05-1.2m. Total 2 models are available to any series. Price: 4620- 4920rub. | 
Keyboard switch Series Coral , white and beige frames with inserts 12 colors A total of 6 models are produced. Price: 110-496rub. | 
Alarm clock with thermometer - model BJC Iris. Available 1 model - fits any series. Price: 7680 rub. | 
Rotary dimmer Seria Aura. Works with incandescent lamps and luminescent A total of 2 models are available to any series. Price: 1443-6780 rub. |
| Choice of the magazine "Apartment answer" Schneider Elestric | |||
| IR motion sensors | Switches for inclusion schemes from two or more places | Digital and Mechanical Timers | Light regulators - dimmers |
Merten Argus 180 Series Motion Sensor MPLAN. , Color- Aluminum Coverage - from 180; range- 8m; Installation height - 1.2м A total of 18 models are produced. Price: 2200-6400rub. | 
Keyboard Switch MERTEN series Antik. , material - antique brass Total produced 56 models. Price: 41.5-1950rub. | 
Timer Unica Top. programmable for a week, with overload and overheating protection Total produced 10 models. Price: 3990-6800rub. | 
Touch Dimmer MERTEN series TRANCENT. , Material, glass A total of 30 models are produced. Price: 525-7000 rub. |
For details, see "IVD",
№ 4, p. 256; № 9, p. 252; № 11, p. 230, or website ivd.ru.