Favorable and safe investment of money: Recommendations when choosing a deposit type, a variety of deposit, options for "precious" investments
Each of us, as a rule, postpones money- on large purchases, gifts to loved ones and friends and for different unforeseen cases. Virived a wonderful day you understand that the domestic piggy bank overflowed and it would be necessary to think about the choice of a bank where your money will be fully safe. Ot, how to choose a bank that will turn your contribution to the treasure, we will talk today.
Especially in IXV. Holding money at home has become unfashionable. It was then in Europe in the changing predecessors of modern banks, the first vaults of values appeared. Over time, bankers not only learned to keep values and monetary signs, but also taught them to "earn", investing the proecutive cares of the Bank.
What is the contribution?
Banking contributes to solve two main tasks: on the one hand, to save money, on the other, to increase them. That is why, before contacting the bank, decide which deposits of the deposit - warehouse (storage) or treasure (increasing money supply) - you are interested at the moment. To just keep money, the demand is suitable (deposit), and for those who want to get an increase in the amount of investments after a while, it is necessary to conduct research in the field of term deposits.
If you decide, with what purpose you will discover, you can begin its choice. To do this, we will need the main characteristics of deposits that will allow you to compare bank offers:
Term (if you are interested in urgent contribution): At the moment, banks offer deposits by 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 months. Often, banks reduce the deposit period, speaking with special programs (for example, pre-New Year-to-year-old contribution);
Deposit Currency: Theoretically, the contribution can be opened in any currency, but in practice most banks offer customers contributing to rubles, dollars or euros. Extractable banks provide for the possibility of so-called multicurrency deposits - you can make deposits in all three mentioned currencies, and in the contract, consolidate the transfer of funds from the account;
profitability, or interest rate on the deposit: this is the size of the remuneration that the depositor receives. According to the general rules, the interest rate is calculated on the contribution located at 12 months (therefore, in the characteristics of the contribution, you will read that its profitability will be so many percent per annum);
Payment method: interest on deposit can be charged at the end of the deposit period or with a certain periodicity until the end of the deposit period. In the second case, the percent capitalization is possible (addition to the principal amount of the contribution), and the interest in the next period will be charged already for a large amount. Another option is possible: interest can be translated into your bank account (where, in turn, to enter a bank card or stored on the terms of the deposit) or to the claim to demand;
The possibility of preferential early removal of money: Usually, the conditions for early posts will include material losses for the depositor: or the percentage percentage of the laundered is not charged, or a penalty is provided for early removal of funds. However, some banks to attract customers offer more favorable conditions. Of course, it will not be possible to get completely percentage of deposit seized early, you will not succeed, but the amount may be indicated in the contract varying depending on the time during which the cash was in the bank;
Operations that can be carried out with the contribution: Some banks provide for the opportunity to freely use part of the funds placed on the deposit, provided that the balance of money on the deposit account exceeds the level established in the contract. In this case, interest is charged daily, which allows you to quickly respond to a change in the deposit amount. If you, violating the terms of the contribution contract, reduce the unmarked balance, the Bank will recalculate interest at a reduced rate (most often, at the request of the demand deposit).
Deposit work scheme
It must be said that the state protects modern deposits without allowing the ability to infringe the interests of the depositor. One of the first steps in this direction was the deposit insurance system. In general, its essence is as follows: the bank, receiving a license, enters into a unified state insurance system of deposits. This means that each bank creates a reserve fund, the funds of which will go to compensate for individuals to individuals the amounts of their contributions in the event that the bank go bankrupt. The size of the insured part of the contribution is gradually growing. Today, if the bank goes, the investor guaranteed to receive a portion of the deposit amount - up to 400 thousand rubles, and return the rest will have to be judicially. That is why many bank analysts, advising to share a major contribution to several smaller in different banks, pursue the noble setting of depositors from monetary losses and the cost of the forces on litigation in the event of a financial crisis in a separate bank.
We are looking for the contribution
There are several simple rules that will help you determine the type of deposit. First, do not choose "exotic" currencies. Undoubtedly, the English pound is much more expensive than the dollar, and the stability is amazing. But most often you will need to subsequently translate your "alternative" currency in traditional, dollars or euros. This means that you can lose significant amounts on the exchange. According to bank specialists, to discover the contribution to any other currency besides rubles, dollars or the euro is only if you are well understanding the trends of exchange trading or use the contribution as a piggy bank, and it is worth the upcoming expenses that this currency is needed (for example You are accumulating money to teach a child in one of foreign universities through the contribution.Secondly, since it may be necessary to change the relationship between currency of the multicurrency deposit or even close the contribution and fully convert funds, think about whether you need this contribution. In addition, be sure to specify whether to control the multicurrency contribution remotely (for example, via the Internet system of remote maintenance). In the opposqu one, you can open several contributions in different currencies. When opening a multicurrency deposit, also definitely find out how the course is converted to the means of one of the components of this deposit and whether the bank takes the commission for this operation. Keep in mind: Some banks as one of the conditions for opening a multicurrency contribution are assigned to the mandatory substitution of one of the deposit accounts when converting deposit funds from one currency to another.
Thirdly, your attention should attract the interest rate on the deposit. If she is too high, it may indicate that the bank is trying to correct his own financial situation, attracting customer funds into deposits. The result may develop the situation in which you lose more than getting.
It should be remembered that in full accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the Bank has the right to change the amount of interest rate on demand deposits, including towards a decrease (in the event of a change in the deposit rate, the Bank should notify depositors, and in writing). Avt a percentage rate on an urgent contribution bank is not entitled to reduce unilaterally. Carefully read the deposit agreement: if the bank assumes that the rate can be reduced or increased, the indication of this is necessarily included in the text of the contract.
Fourth, decide whether you will replenish your contribution. If you are important for you to constantly add money, your choice is a populated contribution. Most banks establish the minimum amount of replenishment (usually 1 thousand rubles for a ruble contribution). To simplify the life of the depositor, many banks offer to use an ATM with the "Cash-In" (cash reception) function. Therefore, asking the bank employees about the conditions of the deposit, do not forget to learn and whether it is possible to replenish the contribution through an ATM.
Please note that the rate of replenished deposits will be somewhat less than those that do not provide for the possibility of replenishment. Banks usually set a separate bid for the amounts of additional contributions varying depending on what time before the end of the deposit period is made an additional contribution. The more thing is that you need to know about the replenish contribution: in most banks, with a replenished contribution, additional funds cease to be credited to the contribution to the end of the contribution period. This means that the deposit account will be formally divided into two parts of your replenishment will remain on the account, but will not be flattened to the deposit amount. If you prolong the contribution, you will have to give the bank to the transfer of this amount to the deposit account.
Contribution as a warehouse
You may want to use the contribution as a piggy bank, protected from your unexpected momentous whims (after all, in order to purchase another update, you will need to go to the bank; moreover, those who have accepted the decision on the upcoming purchase, it is unlikely to stop, but the doubtful It will be possible to decide on your desires) and from external threats to your deposit will not be able to get to your contribution. To save money, a demand is suitable for demand, or a deposit (actually the terms "deposit" and "contribution" are used as equivalent, but in fact, the deposit is just expressed by the "warehouse" of the deposit). If you open a deposit, the bank provides you with cash storage services.
We will make a small excursion to history: at the very beginning of the existence of the Soviet state, the banks offered very entertaining deposit options. For the first case, the client was given a piggy bank, closed on the key, which was transferred to the employee of a credit institution. The client's visual term came to the bank, paid the rental services for renting a piggy bank and storing the key and opened the piggy bank. The second option of the deposit was more complicated. The client received a sheet with a special labeling, which should be accompanied by special brands (nominal 1 kopecks). When the brands were visited by 1rub. The client went to the bank, where, passing a sheet with the brands, received 1rub. Deposit and 2 kopecks. percent.
It must be said that the yield of deposits - piggyback is extremely low, about 1-2% per annum. Way, such contributions are the most reliable and most famous to each resident of our country. Most often, these contributions were drawn up in the form of savings books (the rules of circulation with them Many of our readers know well). Today there are a lot of interesting species of the deposit that allow the most demanding depositors to satisfy their needs. So, in addition to the savings deposit, there are:
The deposit of the accumulative, which most often "works" in a pair with a credit program: In this case, the Bank offers you through a deposit to accumulate the amount of the initial contribution for a large loan (for example, for mortgage);
The settlement deposit, by nature similar to the current account, allows you to shoot and put money. The main thing is to follow the following condition of the contract: on the account of the deposit should always remain an abnormal balance. Interest on such deposits is most often accrued for a separate account;
A special deposit is familiar with it from our readers who receive wages not at the office at work, but on a bank salary card or in a bank with a salary account. In this case, the employer's contribution replenishes monthly, and an ordinary percentage of demand deposits is charged. Most often, such contributions are complemented by a bank card or a savings book that facilitates access to money.
Precious contribution
The eternal myth, according to which gold and jewels will never come out of turnover, predetermined the ever-growing popularity of cash investment in precious metals. Indeed, gold prices, silver, platinum, palladium (namely, these metals are offered to buy Russian banks) grow. This suggests that investing money in precious metals can be beneficial.
There are several options for "precious" investments. You can buy jewelry from precious metals, buy collectible or investment coins, get a gold-dimensional ingot or discover an impersonal "metal" contribution to the bank. Immediately make a reservation that the purchase of jewelry and collectible coins in the zone of responsibility of banks is not included. The fact is that the price of jewelry and collectible coins (they are also called the "Proof" quality coins) depends rather not from the cost of the precious metal from which they are made, but from their artistic or collective value.
Investment coins, in contrast to their "sisters" - coins of collectible, the special grace of finishing can not boast. However, they are made from the precious metallol of a rather high sample, which allows investment coins to serve as a good way to invest cash. You can buy such coins in the bank. You are entitled to give them, token, keep at home (for this there are special plastic cases), and if necessary, to implement in the bank at the rate on that day when you decide to sell a coin.
The next option is buying a measuring ingot. Today, banks offer ingots weighing from 15g to1kg. However, those who are going to make such an acquisition must be prepared for additional costs. First, you will have to pay the production of the ingot, and secondly, pay value added tax at a rate of 18% (the operation for the purchase of dimensional ingots is subject to VAT at the highest rate, while this rule does not apply to those who acquire investment coins) . In addition, you need to understand that you can hardly store the ingot of the house. The ATEA automatically increases the costs, because you will most likely need to rent a safe cell in the bank. Alsa one nuance, about which those who want to purchase a ingot should be remembered: it is necessary to store it extremely gently, since every damage (for example, scratching, from the appearance of which no one is insured during domestic storage) reduces the cost of your jewel, turning the ingot of profitable investment of money In the bar of the metal scrap, albeit quite expensive.
The investment in precious metals is profitable. However, there is your underwater stone: such an investment must be done for a long time, otherwise it loses all attractiveness. Gold fluctuations in the short-term period can and turn you into a fabulously rich depositor, and ruin. Therefore, to invest in precious metals is only if you are ready to spend a large amount and wait 3-5 years.
Banking specialists can offer another, more perfect and modern way to invest money in the dragmomethalla, open an impersonal contribution to precious metals. This will not require the over-section ingot that you buy will exist only in virtual space, that is, the cost of its manufacture is not expected. VAT pays not to pay. But all the rest of the delights of the ingrathum you will feel: interest on your contribution, pronounced not in rubles, dollars or euros, and in grams, will also be accrued in grams, bringing you a double profit - from the growth of the price of the ingot and the capitalization of gramms percent.
How to become a contributor?
A statement that you want to discover the contribution can be fill in the bank. Operation on the opening of the contribution is one of the most simple for depositors and by volume of manipulations, and by the number of documents necessary for submission to the Bank. To make a contribution, in the overwhelming majority of cases, it is enough to have a document certifying a person with you, and the amount of money you intend to put on storage. True, in some cases, banks can request additional documents. It is better to specify this in advance by entering the site of the bank you have chosen or talking to the banking call center consultants.
Then the bank operators will open the deposit account on which your money will be stored. After that, you have to conclude a bank deposit agreement, the form of which you can find on the bank's website. We recommend that you carefully read the text of the contract. Especially carefully examine the conditions for early seizure of money from the contribution.
What else do you need to know each depositor? The deposit account can be disposed of personally or through its representative, operating on the basis of the law or by proxy, which can be issued at the notary. There is a different opportunity, to make an item about the depositor, current by proxy, into the text of the contract (most often the conditions of the contribution is allowed).
If you want to open a "Children's" accumulative contribution, you need to present documents testifying to your child: your passport, in which information about the Son (daughter) is made, or a certificate of birth. In addition, note that the child himself has reached 14 years and received a passport can independently discover the deposit. True, banks, as a rule, establish some restrictions on the use of such a contribution. For example, an agreement can limit the amount of one-time removal of funds from the "children's" contribution by the child himself, or on each operation on the contribution of your child, you need a power of attorney from you.
I have one thing: you have the right to make your contribution to the bank. This can be done in general (making a mention of the contribution in the text of the will) or leave a testamental order in the bank, which has the force of a notarized testament.
So what is the result? The contributions allow us to organize the accumulation and storage of funds, can be an excellent gift in solemn cases or simply serving the way there is temporarily free money. The maximum rate on ruble deposits by 12 months and more is 11-12% per annum, deposits in foreign currency - 7-9%. Considering that the ruble is stable, experts recommend to discover deposits in rubles. The most important thing for a potential investor is to decide on the appointment of the future contribution, to evaluate its financial capabilities for short-term (and perhaps on the medium or even long-term) perspective and choose the appropriate bank product. The line of deposits offered by Russian banks, as well as departments of foreign banks in our country, will help each depositor to turn its contribution to a full (and maybe even precious) treasure.