The procedure for calculating water fees in urban apartments, comparing the payment schemes of consumed water. Installation of individual accounting devices
More recently utility payments for the water for Russians were the same (they were calculated, based on the daily rate of consumption per person). At the same time, absolutely did not matter whether tenants were held for some time on a business trip and did not use water all this period, or, on the contrary, the relatives and water consumption have come to them for two weeks. Based on individual accounting devices The situation completely changed. Ot, it is advantageous or not to install meters, we will talk in this article.
We will not guess, but, be that as it may, the installation of an individual counter was in 2000. Pretty risky step. Of course, thanks to the personal flow meter, the savings for the average family was 150-200 rubles. instez (approximately), but the initial costs were considerable. The cost of the account itself is 700-1500rub., Expenses for its installation - 1500 rub. Since at least two meters are needed (on hot and cold water separately), the costs increased twice. For apartments that have separate risers for the kitchen and the bathroom, four instruments were required. Presumably for 3-4 years, counters had to recoup themselves. Perhaps, someone from consumers happened, but since the economic feasibility of their installation did not investigate, there are no exact data.
However, we will not stay long ago in the nearby past and try to answer the question: "Is it profitable today to establish individual water consumption metering devices?"
Photo Z.Razutdinova | 
"Teplovoder" | 
Photo S. Ponomarev | 
Photo S. Ponomarev |
1-2. Modern driving ENDHD / VSGD ("Teplovoder") and the models like them are most often installed today in apartments. Hidden in niche, they do not worsen the interior of the bathroom
3-4. For the installation of a number of models of meters, you can use various ways to install horizontal or vertical pipes.
Payment schemes
What changed over the past time? First of all, the change taken back in 1994. And the new "Rules for the provision of utilities to citizens" came out with obsolete (see Positioning the Government of the Russian Federation of May 23, 2006 No. 307 "On the procedure for providing utilities to citizens"). This document first determined the procedure for paying housing and communal services using the testimony of general and individual accounting devices and in their absence. Several payment schemes were developed by hot and cold water. To respond to the main question of our article, consider all existing schemes. We emphasize once again that the procedure for calculating utilities depends on whether there is flowmeters in the house or not. (They are divided into two types: generalized, installed on entering the house and measuring the total consumption of cold and hot water consumption in it, and individual, measuring the amount of water consumption in the apartment where they are installed. Communicative counters, in contrast to individual, allow Control not only the volume of water consumption, but also quality parameters: pressure, water temperature IT.D.)
So, The first scheme . If there is neither the general nor individual counters in the house, the equalization principle acts: all residents pay the same according to the current tariffs. January January 2008 The following tariffs are approved: the cost of 1m3 hot water - 57,51 rubles; 1m3 cold water - 11.8 rub.; 1M3 drainage (sewage) - 9,1 rub. Recall that the water consumption standards for residential buildings equipped with water supply, sewage, baths, with centralized hot water supply (based on each registered tenant), averaging 350l / day in Russia, in particular 384l / day in Moscow.
As practice shows, the fee for standards is far from the highest compared with payments in other schemes (we will describe it further), although the official water consumption rates differ significantly from real. Judge for yourself. In order, one person drinks no more than 1-2l water, it spends 35-40l on washing dishes, for the use of toilet, 12-15l, on the adoption of a bath or soul - 60-80l. It turns out that the average Russian consumes about 110-140l water per day, and not at all 384l, for which pays. Aesley you went on vacation or business trip, you will still come to the same account for water consumption as the remainingmost.
Or another case: three people are registered in the apartment, mother, father and adult son (daughter), living elsewhere, but in fact live and enjoy communal services two. Aschange for water consumption comes at all officially registered. As you can see, the payment in the first scheme is quite unprofitable. However, due to the fact that the general counters have already been established in more than 90% of Moscow houses, such a equalization gradually goes into the past. Therefore, we proceed to the study of other options for calculations.
"DASI" | 
Photo V. Nefedova | 
"Takeoff" | 
Raab Karcher |
5.Onemmatic impellent water meters Unimag (Schlumberger)
6.Things of the water meter choose a straight line of horizontal or vertical pipe
7. Electromagnetic meter MR400, ("take off")
8. Models of impeller clorius water accounting devices (RAAB KARCHER)
Consider Second scheme When a communication device is installed in the house, and the individual is missing. In the case, the amount of payment is determined as follows: the testimony of a general-friendly meter is divided into the number of people registered in the house, then for each specific apartment, this indicator is multiplied by the number of registered in it, and then the obtained digit is multiplied by hot and cold water tariffs. It would seem that everything is extremely simple and from the point of view of savings should be beneficial. But it was not there. Practice has shown that after the installation of general devices in the management organizations, numerous complaints of tenants were sprinkled, whose costs of water consumption increased, sometimes even in 2-3 times. How could this happen? The fact is that bills come to each person registered in the house. At all now in Moscow lives "illegal"? Sometimes 4-5 people in one-bedroom apartment. It turns out that the account is discharged per person (the owner of the housing), and four or five use water. The communication device takes these expenses, and they fall on all officially registered residents of the house. Here is the explanation for the fact that payments have increased in 2-3rd. Thus, the payment on a dormitory meter is also not very beneficial because it is not able to control water consumption in each individual apartment.
Inconale, Third scheme (By the way, the most common in real life). According to the mentioned decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, if the flow meter is mounted on entering the house and there are accounting devices in individual apartments, those who have individual counters are installed, pay in two indicators: first, according to apartment water meters, and secondly, by expenses Outdoor needs, which are determined based on the testimony of a general-friendly metering device. In general, the idea is quite fair: a certain share of general consumption adds to your apartment expenses and the total amount is multiplied by the tariff. This share is calculated using a complex coefficient. It is defined as the ratio of the general flow (in the counter) to a certain calculated value consisting of two terms: amounts of readings of all apartment meters and the amount of water expenditures in apartments without such devices calculated according to the cost of each registered tenant.
It arises (and completely by law) an ambiguous situation. If all owners have apartments in the house, payment is valid, according to real costs. Ikak shows practice, this amount is significantly less than that which I had to pay to the installation of the water meter. But if there are few apartments with individual accounting devices in the house, their owners will most likely have to make more money for water than before (especially if the plumbing in the house has leaks or there is a large number of unregistered people there). It turns out that alone put the counter is unprofitable. So, it is necessary to call on its installation and other owners of apartments.
Future for water meters
The situation described was the discontent of citizens having individual water meters, and significantly reduced the number of wishing to establish apartment counters. The position associated with payment according to individual water metering devices was actively discussed in the press and meetings of the Government of Moscow. However, today only residents of municipal homes who have put individual water meters pay only for actually consumed water according to the readings of apartment meters. So, if you live in a municipal home, you can unambiguously argue that the installation of individual devices is really beneficial to you. First, you only pay for the actual water volume used; secondly, you can not imagine a certificate of the temporary absence of family members in order to recalculate water fees; Thirdly, you do not pay water consumption for those who live in your home and consume water, but not registered in it. True, you can only talk about real savings only if you do not mindfully spend water and all Santechpribers in the apartment are working.
Avot residents of houses in which the HOA and the HCC, the costs for general-friendly needs not avoid. Isv and this is not too much amount. Calculate it in different ways, depending on the selected members of the HOA (HCC) payment scheme. For example, a monthly 5% of the testimony of the general device is divided by the number of all living in the house, after which this indicator must be added to the individual counter data, and then multiply the resulting number on the tariff. If you are rational about the consumption of water resources, the individual water meter (according to the Muscovites established it) will save 20-50% of the amount you paid earlier. Aesley you have long been absent at home, nothing but you will not pay anything other than general expenses. Therefore, the answer to the question delivered at the beginning of our article is unambiguous: the installation of apartment meters is really economically beneficial.
We will not forget that the equipment of the apartment is a member of the consumer, the pleasure is not cheap and afford it may not all. Therefore, the Moscow government decided to help establish counters to citizens living in municipal apartments, as well as those who receive subsidies. The rest will have to put water homes at their own expense. How to do it?
Techem. | 
"ITELMA-RESOURCE" | 
Photo by D. Minkin | 
|
9.Chowed single-door counters for cold and hot water VZ90 (Techem) is pretty easy to install anywhere, even on fittings bath
10-11.In apartments of Russian citizens can be mounted only devices made to the state register of measurement funds, as well as having a passport and certificate of conformity
12. Construction of the MK90E counter, which is based on the most modern microelectronics
We put counters
If you decide to put an individual counter, remember that no amateurness of the disasters is welcome. First, it is allowed to install only counters that are members of the State Standard Tools made to the State Register of the State Standard of the Russian Federation (the current Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology). Secondly, desi physically cannot take responsibility for maintenance and repair of dozens of certified models, and therefore work with a very narrow assortment of instruments.Depending on the used mechanism of water consumption metering, all meters are divided into tachometric, electromagnetic, voluminometric, ultrasound, combined, diaphragm IDR.
Today in the apartments of Russians, the simplest, cheap and sufficiently reliable tachometric devices are set, in which the water flow rotates the blade of the wing wheel and the countable mechanism is activated using a toothed transmission. Such meters are called "impeller", "turntables".
Another type of tachometric counters - "drowshes": the countable device is separated from the water with a hermetic non-magnetic partition. They are distinguished by reliability and durability, but there are somewhat more expensive "impellers."
The high accuracy of measurements also provide multi-line "drowshes", in which the aqueous stream is divided into several jets before entering the blade of the impeller.
Breaking your head over what kind of device it is not necessary to prefer. For consumers, the selection criteria are clearly established: it must be the wing "drowshes", calculated on the water temperature to 90 ° C, with a diameter of a conventional passage of 15mm, with a nominal water consumption of 1,5m3 / h for apartments with one input of the cold and one-input of hot water system (For apartments with two inputs - 1m3 / h). Countering Meters Related Requirements Release both domestic and foreign manufacturers: "Sayany", "Teplovodomer", "Centner-Water Treaty", "Energometry" (all- Russia), Metron (Poland), Minol Mestechnik, Zenner (Burg Germany) , Actaris Metering Systems (France) IDR. The price of appliances ranges from 400-500 to 800-1600 rub. (Significantly more expensive counters equipped with a pulsed output).
To put an individual counter, you need to contact Designation with a statement on the installation of water metering devices and the production of calculations according to their testimony. Here you will receive information about firms that officially (under the contract with local authorities) fulfill the work and rates for equipment. When the account was based on the installation of the instruments, you will be paid, the specialized organization will establish them in your apartment and provide the following documents: an agreement on the installation of accounting devices, license, certificate of conformity, counters passports. Installation of one individual water consumption device costs 4800 rub.
After installing water meters, you must invite a representative of the management company to compile an act of commissioning them. Three-sided acts sign representatives of the management company providing utilities and a specialized organization that carried out equipment installation, as well as tenants.
In addition, you need to conclude an agreement with the management company for payment of water consumption on established accounting devices indicating the procedure for removing and transmitting data from the counters. After that, you will only have a monthly report to the meter readings in EIRC (personally or by phone).
Water consumption rate (per person per day)
| Country | Water volume, l |
|---|---|
| China | 100 |
| Germany | 125. |
| France | 164. |
| Great Britain | 168. |
| Switzerland | 237. |
| Italy | 242. |
| USA | 295. |