Bathroom flooring device in a wooden house: overlap designs, base materials, hydro and thermal insulation coatings.
A special atmosphere in a wooden country house creates a combination of various materials
The size of the tile varies widely
When preparing the basis of the floor, the role of the formwork plays a professional flooring. On the perimeter laid runways
Then reinforcement
To improve the drain floor, on the base, waterproofed by the bulk polymer membrane, laugs from the resistant to the rotting of wood, aligning them with the help of plastic mounting wedges
The flooring of the flooring screwed to the lags, leaving small gaps. Shutters of screws are closed with wooden corks (sometimes these corks are included in the coating package)
The finished floor is covered by a protective and decorative composition.
Concrete screed, as a rule, requires heating through water or electrical systems
Installing the shower allows you to significantly reduce the load on the floor in the bathroom
In the urban apartment, make a durable, waterproof and moisture-resistant floor in the bathroom is easy- only clearly follow the exhaust technologies. AB wooden house The device of floors in the "wet" zones becomes a task with many unknown.
The need for equipment of a wooden house is a full-fledged bathroom any doubt causes. Special methods of wall finishing, which provide for the use of moisture-resistant cladding, to help, are widely applied, providing for the use of moisture-resistant cladding, and protective coatings for wood, modern ventilation systems that allow you to maintain a low level of humidity in the room. The tasks of laying communications (and even without prejudice to the appearance of the log wall), fixing plumbing equipment (see the article "Deck in Tereme"). Avot floor remains for many stumbling block.
We all were in wooden houses, and a slightly spring when walking the floor was not at all irritated us. However, it is his zyibility that marks all the assumptions that somewhere here you can set the traditional flooring for the bathroom - ceramic tiles. Is this lack of "congenital" for floors in a wooden house and is there a way to eliminate it? What other coverages are applicable in the bathroom? How to make the floor waterproof and warm? How to protect his designs from rotting? We will try to answer these questions.
Traditions are true
The basic requirements for flooring in the bathroom - durability, wear resistance and low water absorption, - fully correspond to such materials such as ceramic tiles, porcelain stonewares and mosaic (see "Magnificent Trio", "Multidite Cerambrain"). Any of these coatings is placed on an even, durable and geometrically stable base. The novelty of the domestic market is a ceramic parquet was originally designed for residential areas, but in a wooden house its use in the bathroom can become relevant - it allows you to maintain the stylistic unity of interiors. This material is supplied to the market such firms as "Lira Ceramics", "Falcon" (both- Russia), Colli, Grespania, Halcn Cermicas, Keros Chermica, Peronda, Roca (all-Spain), RHS, SETTECENTO (Obaitaly) and etc. The material is a porcelain stoneware and has less water absorption than ceramic tile (0.05-0.5%). "Ceramic parquet" material is called very conditionally, as it imitates not only a parquet, but also a massive board from various wood species, including a central one. Ceramic parquet of domestic production costs from 500 rubles. For 1m2, imported - 950-3000 rubles. For 1m2.
Good grounds
When we are setting about floors in a city apartment, usually mean layers located above the overlapping plate, which is a universal base, practically non-limiting the choice of finishing coating. The basis of the foundation must be created independently, and on what it will be, all further work on the floor arrangement will depend. Therefore, in a wooden house, the floor and overlap, although they are not the same, constructively connected more closely than in the apartment.
Various houses apply various floor coverings. You can take traditional ceramic tiles, and it is possible to conquer increasingly popular porcelain stoneware. Designer Warsenal is also a mosaic and ceramic parquet. If the tools allow, why not to be able to in the bathroom of the real "ship deck" from teak tree? It is permissible to use less exotic breeds, resistant to rotting (ash, larch, acacia), but the device of the "terraced" drain floor is desirable, which will be described below. AESLI is required to reduce costs, then a new index-resistant laminate is at your service. Flexible coatings are durable and practical (special commercial linoleum), which have gained widespread abroad. At the same time, the choice of material of the first floor will largely depend on the design of the overlap.
Overlapping on the stove of the foundation. Monolithic reinforced concrete plates are increasingly used for the device foundations of low-rise buildings, and on swampy soils, along with pile, almost out of competition. Such foundations greatly facilitate the installation of the floor on the first floor, allow you to create a solid base for ceramic or any other coating in the bathroom. On wooden lags, resting through a layer of waterproofing directly on the slab or on brick columns, standing on this plate, arrange a boardwaling. (Sometimes it is replaced by oriented-chipboard, more waterproof than ordinary chipboard; the thickness of the slabs depends on the distance between the beams.) Then laid waterproofing and poured a reinforced cement-sand screed with a thickness of at least 10 cm. Serabands in the house (in contrast to the city apartment) are presented additional requirements: floor insulation and isolation of overlap from groundwater.
Opinion of a specialist
Most recently, a new material appeared in our market, which is most often referred to as a thermally treated tree or simply thermoder. Thermal processing technology was invented in Finland and, if briefly, is as follows: the product is exposed to water vapor without access of oxygen at a temperature of 220-240С.
If antisepting impregnations and decorative coatings report moisture resistance only the surface of wooden products, then heat treatment affects the structure of wood at the molecular level, changing its properties. After processing, water absorption decreases 4-5 times, and dries such a tree in tens of times faster than the usual. Significantly (more than 10 times) improved its size stability. In addition, under the influence of high temperatures in the wood, polysaccharides are decomposed, which are a nutrient medium for breeding fungi and microorganisms, as a result, the durability of wood increases 15-25 times. For the construction of the base and the first floor of the bathrooms, this material is suitable as it is impossible. Hospitality, the thermoderlyevo now only conquers the market, so it is not possible to purchase it everywhere. However, there is reason to believe that soon the situation will change.
Anna Zemtsova, General Director of Treid Forest
Overlapping on wooden beams. Nevertheless, most of the log and brusade houses are built on a column or tape foundation, and the basis of the first floor overlap is wooden beams. For the next case, they are rarely attached to the wall, preferring to put the ledge of the base, in the second - are driving between the second and third crowns. An additional support beams serve as brick or concrete column column, which have a short distance from each other (1-1,5m). Theoretically, such overlap should not be asked and allows you to throw the screed to it described above. However, on bunched soils, due to the different depth of the foundations of walls and the median supports, and the unequal loads occur their seasonal vertical movements relative to each other. Even imperceptible to the eye, they lead to the cracking of the concrete screed (its reinforcement is not always effective). If the foundation is laid below the drainage depth, helps the insulation of the underground space: the belling of the slag, the ceramisitis in combination with the bay of the base of the sheets of polystyrene foam IT.P. (At the same time, it is important not to forget to plunge on the winter in the basement). If the foundation is a ribbon floating, one of the most effective methods of the device of the concrete base of the floor in the bathroom is considered to be a refusal of additional supports and the maximum gain of the overlap beams.
We change the tree on the metal. Most large construction companies in the design of log or brusade houses with a bathroom on the first floor replace the wooden beams of the metal 2-way cross section (the application of brand and schwell also is allowed). These beams are placed in special nests of a brick or concrete basement with such a calculation so that their upper shelf goes to the level of the base. On this, a strong base is placed in a non-removable formwork and poured a cement-sand tie (it is desirable to add a plasticizer to the solution). A reasonable question: why can not be used ready-made reinforced concrete products? Because in this case, builders are associated with the need to follow the specified standard sizes and are forced to arrange such overlapping for the entire first floor, which is economically impractical.
All hands on deck! With the construction of inter overlap by wooden beams there is no alternative. They are driving a fry between the crowns or - in recent times, special metal brackets are still used.
Since intergenerational overlap relies only on the walls, it is important to consider the carrying capacity of the beams when it is design. For example, with the calculated load of 400kg / m2, the minimum allowable cross-section of beams laid at a distance of 600 mm from each other in a span 2000mm width is 11070 mm, with a width of 2500 mm-12080, 3000mm- 14090 (diameter of the log, respectively 110, 130 and 140 mm ).
But in the bathroom load on the floor is extremely uneven, and therefore it is necessary to increase the bay cross section at least 25%. If the bathroom project provides a cement-sand screed, then it is required to take into account its mass (up to 90kg / m2 with a thickness of only 4cm), as well as to completely get rid of the sewage of the overlap, reducing the distance between the beams up to 350-400mm.
Is it easy? The cement-sand screed is the most common, but far from the only possible base for the first floor in the bathroom. Hypus fiber moisture-resistant sheets (GVLV), sandwich panels based on extruded polystyrene, OSP or waterproof plywood (thickness of at least 20mm) - here is an incomplete list of materials that use in this layer (on top of the board floor) with a low carrier overlap carrier. But, since we do not get rid of the edacity of the floor in this case, additional requirement is presented to the final coating, which is satisfied with wood and laminate.
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Panels have heat, sound and waterproof properties, are well suited to prepare a board-made floor to the tile mount.
Moisture under the sight
Paul geometry. The floor in the bathroom must be a container: the threshold and sides around the perimeter are required to provide tightness. When the device is screed, they are formed from the solution, and then lined with tiles. Lightly design, these parts are made from antiseptic wooden bars, which are boated by a layer of flexible waterproofing. In addition, as practice shows, a small slope of the floor is desirable in the bathroom to easily accessible (free from plumbing equipment, furniture IT.P.) parts of the room. If a cement-sand tie is used, then the geometry of the floor is corrected by a solution. The necessary binding the necessary bias can be given, protesting the beams, or having a barnic to them from above the bars from above, or laying across the thickness of the lag.
Opinion of a specialist
Anton Ustinov, Technical Director of the company "Scanner"
Drain floor. The concept of "drain floor" often scares us, because such floors are practically not found in urban apartments, they are more often equipped in baths, saunas, pools. However, the drain floor can become a reliable insurance in the event of a breakthrough of the pipe, "storms", arranged by a child in the bathroom, tilted with water tank. There are two main system of drainage floors: superficial and subsurface, which is more often called terrace.
Drain from the surface involves the bias of the waterproof (from the tile, special linoleum IT.D.) of the first floor to the latch (drain funnel with grille and hydrotherapy) connected to the sewer pipe. The terrace system is structurally much more complicated: the finishing floor is made from boards or rails with a distance between them and lifted a few centimeters over the "black" floor, protected by a layer of hermetic waterproofing. This "pallet" gives a slope to the ladder or a groove equipped with a ladder. The finishing floor is equalized by the system of lag and wedges or support columns. It is also necessary to provide a removable element, which will facilitate the revision of the "pallet" and the ladder; You can make flooring and completely collapsible. Lags, like boards of finishing floor, manufactured from resistant to rotten rocks.
Flexible position
The main advantages of linoleum-ductility, strength, simplicity in laying and low price. Homogenic (homogeneous over the entire thickness) Polyvinyl chloride linoleum is not affected by moisture, but in the bathroom it is not enough to prevent water penetration in the overlap design. Especially for "wet" premises, Tarkett manufactures Rolled Granit MultiSafe coating. The canvas are joined by hot welding method, and their two-meter width allows you to reduce the number of joints to a minimum. Such coatings were specifically designed for use in public pools, showers IT.P., and therefore they have high wear resistance and good slip-up resistance, equipped with curbs, drains, thresholds and cuffs. The cost of material is from 750 rubles. For 1m2. PVC coating is placed on a cement-sand tie.
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Dry and warm
The bathroom waterproofing is designed, first, to provide its waterproofability, that is, not allow water leaks to the place-placed room; Secondly, protect the elements of the design of overlapping, as well as adjacent walls, partitions, foundation from moisture. It is rarely possible to do with a single layer of waterproofing. As a rule, the floor design includes at least two such layers, and some details, such as wooden lags, have to be protected separately. The role of the main waterproofing usually plays an outdoor coating from the waterproof material. Solving the issue of the location of an additional waterproofing layer in the "Pie" floor depends on a particular constructive solution. In love, it is placed on the beams of overlapping and hardened on the walls above the level of the finish floor at least 50mm.
In addition to the task being performed and the use of the application, the rolled (inlet or sprayed), litter or paint waterproofing. The first and second assistance is organized throughout the floor area, the third is used to protect individual parts.
From rolled materials, preference is given to the modified bitumen on durable fibrous (glass cholester, fiberglass) or non-woven polyester-based (hydrohoteloisol, isoplast, glass eelast, technolast, uniflexes, Philipol, Brepelast and Rubitex brands of HPP and TPP, all - Russia). Such materials are more durable (in some gender structures, the waterproofing material is experiencing mechanical loads) and the racks to temperature drops than the traditional runneroid. For reliability, the material is placed in two layers, and if a regular runneroid is chosen, then each layer over the entire area is wetted with bitumen or bitumen-polymer mastic.
Sometimes littered waterproofing from hot bitumen with additives. Today, the same reliable bulk, coating and rolled polymer membranes, for example, "Hyperdescmo", Logicroof (both- Russia), Maxelastic (Spain), Solmax (Canada), Saniflex (Germany), distinguished by high elasticity are much more common. Concrete and GVL bases can be protected from moisture with painting penetrating waterproofing (based on polymer emulsions). Many of her species, such as "Akvasyl" (an experienced factory of dry mixes, Russia), Flchendicht (KNAUF, Germany), Osmolastic and OSMOFLEX (INDEX, Italy), allow the facing of the processed base tiles.
Bathroom laminate
Bathroom Prints impose increased requirements not only by hydro, but also in thermal insulation. On the first floor of work on thermal insulation of the floor begins with underground insulation. Wooden overlap of thermal insulation is located between the beams on the "black" board of the floor, which makes it possible to preserve the useful height of the room. Preferred materials with a closed cellular structure that do not absorb moisture (polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam, technical plug), it is permissible to use various hydrophobic backfills (clamzit, rubber crumb IDR). Well-established foil heaters based on Poly Penopoliethylene.
So, to equip the floor in a wooden house, which would satisfy all the requirements for the floors of "wet" premises, it is quite possible. But, since a lot depends on the overlap, the necessary changes to it in the design should be made at the design stage.
The editors thanks Honka, Tarkett Rus, "ABS-Stroy", "Craram Holding", "North House of the XXI Century", "Scanner", "Comfort Studio", Treid Forest for help in the preparation of material.