Forest harvestingUnloading BreneFilling suchkovOgoned and planed logs
Ribbon foundation with bedroom laid downCorner compound of the first crown "in oblique paw"Uniamaticians - half-breeded the first crown prepared for laying on the baseCutting Decorative Lya Connection "in Paw"
Chernovaya preparation of the connection "in the paw"Check horizontal styling logs by levelCutting connections "in paw" on the machineLog cabin with lying under the adjuncing of the rafter foot to the wall
Marking of longitudinal grooveCHASH CHASHESLaying the first crown crowns on the construction site. Works are performed manually and using autocranFronton cutting with a wicked window in the wall
Deploying in the groove with a metal rodThe angle of the house, conceded "in the bowl"Design of opening windows with decorative lyingDoor openings with flashes on the sides
Corner bearing wall designThe device of inter-storey overlapsCondition house assemblyBeams of inter-storey overlaps
Overlapping beams with grooves under the laying of ceiling boardsCorner connection timingLaying the roof shitRafters assembled before starting roofing works
Fastening the shingle to the crate using the pneumaticRace Race Roof with Dersightened WindowFigured falcue feet falcue feet with nailed tops of the cornice boardsOutstanding Svet (view from the front)
Outskirts equipped with copper waterproofInternal wiring of electrical cables in a log wallDecorative Lyas for setting outlets in hidden wayPodding electrical cables to luminaires through overlaps
Installation of distribution manifold of water supply and heating systemsChopped Fronton lug-on over the main entrance to the house
When you need to make an exquisite gift, we charge to make a ring and earrings of a jeweler, write a picture of the artist, compose poete. Well, if there is an opportunity to build a unique dwelling, we appeal to rubbing log houses to chop as follows
The reader will be interested to know about how to chop the house by the rules. To do this, we use an example of a building built by the company "Cub-Info".
Unlike the faucet, which today is produced from a solid log through machine sawing and strokes of the electrolabank, the log is subjected to minimal machining:The design and construction of the "log house" is released from the bark (ignorate), fill the bitch with an ax and perform a surface rig for a rig. This is done in order not to disrupt the log structure and use the protective properties of sampling, resinous outer rings under the crust. It is clear that the logs in this case have different sizes. Then the longitudinal grooves, bowls and other elements of the connections are then cut down in each log. The entrance of the masonry of the walls of the logs is rafting each other individually, strictly around the place.
Recall, the cutting is preceded by the design process. Of course there are numerous sample projects of log houses. It is well to build objects from a calibrated (rounded) log: it reduces costs. The whole charm of chopped buildings is in its uniqueness. The specificity of the design of chopped buildings is that far from any architect is able to cope with this work. To do this, he needs experience and specialization: knowledge of the peculiarities of wood of different breeds, logging in the process of precipitation, the ability to distribute loads on the reference and compounds performed in various techniques. The skill of carpenters (rubbing) is played a huge role in the construction of log houses, whose professional errors are able to spoil the reputation of even the most competent architect. That is why all the actions of workers in the workshop and at the construction site are produced under a non-primary supervision of the author of the project and the Project. High-quality chopped houses design and build teams where there are no random people.
The rogue of the bravellymkak and during the construction of the boiled houses, the construction of the bore logs will first bother "dry", without the foundation, laying the insulation in the grooves between the logs and clogging against them. As a rule, there are special platforms in the open-air works or in the hangars. As far as it is made and fit at the place of the part, the cutting detail number. After the first floor of the building is completed, the log house is rolled, the logs are prepared for transportation (associated several pieces) and send to the construction site by rail or motor vehicles. Further, the same is chosen by the second, and if the house is large, and the third floor.
The six-meter bold logs on average weighs half-bottom. It is clear, the work of rubbing and gyrus collectors without the use of lifting mechanisms is impossible. To move and laying logs in the hangars, a crane-beam is used, on an open-site truck crane with a large arrows. Harmful cases Storage of the forest, rowing logs and manual logging at home are produced directly at the construction site. Nevertheless, such examples take place. The first crowns of the building can be laid on the ground manually, with the attraction of additional labor. The main tools of builders are axes, dries, crowds, sledgehamps, damn, level, chainsaw. The electro-or gasoline drill is used (for drilling holes under bent).
The angular connection "In the bowl" The logged under the roof is desirable to leave it for a period of 6 to 9 months. The wation of this log time is losing moisture (from 80 to 25%) and decrease in volume. There is a sediment at home (on the 1m height of the wall - 2-4cm, depending on weather conditions); Rarely, local deformations arise. Existing receptions for adjusting the position of the log cabin and its components allow the builders to manipulate with the parts of the structure.
Construction: from the foundation to the skate
Protest the base of the first crown Foundations. Before starting concrete work on the site, laying out outer communications, water, gas, sewage, eyeliner to the house, is carried out, if necessary, perform drainage. The chopped buildings of a small area (up to 100m2) put on monolithic reinforced concrete low-tape bases with tape width 30-40cm. More solid structures are placed on capital foundations, the tape of which is bueled at 130-150cm, or on Ruralsk (reinforced concrete ribbon on the broken columns), or on monolithic "floating" concrete slabs with a thickness of 25-30CM on a sandy pillow. The base unit is laid out from the FBS blocks, then from the ordinary red brick. Between the concrete and the first next to the brick masonry make horizontal waterproofing from a polymer-bitumen material, similar to waterproofing are performed according to the leveling cement screed over the base.
Walls. The construction of a loggment starts with the laying of the first (salary) crown. Sometimes padlings are placed under it. If the base of the waller, the bore of the bold crown is protesting so that drippers are formed over the basement, according to which water flows into the cabin, without reaching the foundation. If the socket protruding, the drip does not make, and under the bold crown is putting a squeeze from roofing iron.
Build a log house "dry" in the factory class logs are rafting each other with a displacement of the series of adjacent walls on half the height of the log. Each subsequent church's crown is combined with the previous one through a semicircular longitudinal groove, selectable from the bottom side of the log with pre-laying in the insulation recess. Traditionally, for these purposes, raw moss sphagnum was used. Modern methods of insulation allow the combination of moss and polyurethane foam, as well as the use of a wide range of interwicant heaters of a new generation. The longitudinal grooves in the logs are placed by a carpentry tool (large circulation), after which there are parallel vertical propuls along the lane by chainsaws along the entire length of the logs. Special adaptation with semicircular tesla and hammer, as well as an ax from the groove, cut out wood. To ensure optimal resistance of the wall heat transfer at temperatures up to -40 s, the width of the groove should be made at least 18cm. In this case, the radius of the groove should be less than the radius of the underlying log.
Connection logs "in the spike" in the place of subroll Connections. The type of the necessary angular connections indicates the architect, taking into account the qualifications of the rubbing. They are performed with the release of logs outside ("in the bowl") and without it ("in the paw"). The intersection of logs from the inside of the house (subservit) make most often "in the bowl". Maps are also possible and compounds of logs on the type "Lastochka Tail" and "Frying". When slapping the compounds "in the bowl" for marking, the previously mentioned tools and levels are used. First, the placed bowl is cut by Hannogo-chainsaw, then give it a finished type of ax. Similarly chop the bowl on the other side of the log, after which they put it in place, existing parallelism of logs in terms of level. When cutting "in the paw" ends of logs are trimmedBuilding logs "to tooth" from four sides before obtaining a shape of a square timber, then the upper and lower edges are shy so that the square of the section turned into a trapeze (wedge). On an attached log of "trapezium" mirrored. Entering the clutch, wedge-shaped ends do not give logs to shift relative to each other. Inside the house of the logs can be increasing by connecting "to the tooth" - with the engagement of the mating halves for each other, not allowing logs to disperse. There are no restrictions for building logs from the inside of the construction if the problem of supports are solved to which such logs are based on. The logs of logs are increasing only in places of pairing with the inner walls. The support pillars spread in buildings from the rounded logs and the boolean, in the coated logs of houses are trying not to apply. Their function is performed by nodes of wall crossing.
To fix the logs in the horizontal plane, they are clogged with brazening (keys), which are sided from larch round pegs with a diameter of 30-40mm and up to 500mm. They are clogged in pre-drilled vertical holes through two logs in the third. At the same time, the depth of the holes make 50mm more than the length of the brazen, taking into account the fact that over time the logs will be lost in volume and the bells will rise to the level of the log in which it is scored.
From the inside on the walls on the sides of the windows and doors, in the installation places of cabinet furniture, as well as where the rafters closely are adjacent to the log wall, make a variety of sizes (lying): Choose part of the wood, beautifully sprawling excavations around the edges. They are needed to save space. In addition, the flashes are the traditional element of the decor of the log house.
The assembly of the chrub walls is made for a long time, as a result of which some logs are covered with wood mold, which you have to choose Correction work. Upon completion of the sediment, the log house canopate. Moss, the passion or flax insulation lay a smooth layer across the groove so that they act beyond its limits than 5 cm. Works lead the "rotor" or "in the set". Start outside, from the lowest log. "The rotor" close up narrow grooves and gaps. From the protrusion protruding the insulation, the strand twisted, apply it to the groove (slit) and clog into the hammer blows in a flat wooden blade (pantry). The fibers are additionally twisted from the grooves, the new strand is additionally twisted and the powder is powered over the heater already driven into the grooves. So they do to a dense filling of the groove. "In the set" canopate wide grooves and gaps. Long insulation strands with a thickness of 1.5-2 cm twisted in the tangles. Then the end of the strands are folded in the form of a loop, insert into the groove and begin to drive the fibers inside first along the upper edge, then at the bottom, until the formation of a neat roller. The process continues to fully fill the groove along the entire length. Upon completion of the work outside in the same order, the log houses from the inside canopy. Beautifully combined seam - one of the important elements of the exterior of the building. After grinding the walls, the groove between the logs on the inside of the house is often decorated with a sisal rope with a diameter of 0.8 to 3 cm.
Floor planPlan of the second floor Explication
Ground floor
1. Enjoying 2. Sun 3.Mube 4. Sanzel 5. Sanzel 6.P.Nom. 7. Equipment 8. Guest with Kitchen Zone 9.Terras
Overlapping. The floor overlap is arranged on lags with columnar supports, if the foundation is ribbon and there is no basement. If at the base plate, then the lags are put on the waterproof surface of the plate. Floor flooring technology is the same as in other types of house-building. The beams of inter-storey floors are made from vertically protested into two Cant logs. A quaduds of each beam choose a quarter: they make protrusions instead of cranial bars for laying on them the ceiling boards. The ends of the beams are driving into the walls of the cut, as a rule, with a step of 1-1,5m. For mathitz-central beams,Console balconewing support for minor, - take a log in a slightly larger diameter that does not protest. The construction of inter-storey overlaps is completed only after a log house under the roof. Up to this point, the ease of movement on the beams make boardmen. For the ceiling device, a cedar board is used with a minimum amount of 50mm thick defects. On top there are steam barriating, sound insulation (mineral wool insulation), is closed with another layer of vapor barrier, and then the milking floors or the coating of the parquet or laminate on the plywood base are installed.
Roof. The truss with the attic floor of the rafter and the crate is mounted taking into account the insulation placed in the roofing "pie". For the manufacture of rafters, the timber 50200, 100150, 100200mm, depending on the estimated load, paired to the same blackboard thickness, as well as the cut logs of a small (20cm) diameter. Constructive rafters are combined with self-draws and nail plates and brackets. Usually, the roof is isolated with mineral wool plates (Paroc, Rockwool) with a total thickness of 20-30 cm with a layer of vapor barrier from the inside and nailed to the laminate with the wind-hydro-proof membrane outside. A ventilated clearance is organized between the membrane and roofing material through the device. All wooden parts antiseptic. The rafters are covered with antipiren.
Laying insulation in "Roofing Pie" Roof. The house-chopped houses from the borehouse with a roof slope of at least 18 crouch with homogeneous walls with a wooden gentle. This is how the definition gave him an expert of Russian life V. I. Dahl: "Gon-short dunca, half a common and less, sometimes with a rounded end for a tire of roofing, in the form of scales; one rib tribe is thin, another with a groove, for the tab in it First. The shivel sangs out of small stumps and, by subtleties, soon after the rain dries, and therefore it does not rot. " Different execution this ancient species of small-piece roofing materials is a special way of a discharge plate, the shape and dimensions of which depend on the roofing brand and from the manufacturer. For simplicity of laying, the connecting groove today is not done in the gentle, but the plates nourish the brackets with a pneumatic stapler, hammer and galvanized nails, or screwed screws. The square meter of the wooden roof weighs 15-17kg. In all the rest of the shingle remained the same as many centuries ago. The best is the shingle, the root of larch. The resin is impregnated, it does not rot, over time it becomes golden. Actual strip for the production of the shingle was traditionally used aspen. Such material still covers the fortress walls and the churches drums in Rostov Great.Wooden shingles on the construction site of the Song of the Noble Seed. Properly manufactured and laid gone-durable and durable coating, which is comparable to polymer bituminous roofing materials. The secological point of view, he surpasses them. Mounted shingles, like a flexible tile of Shingles, horizontal rows from the bottom up. For the eddov device, adjoins, the ridges are used by the same skimming, as for the ridges, but in this case the elements are adjusted for the desired size manually. Wenders for greater sealing of the coating use polymer lining carpets or copper gutters. Copper drains are well harmonized by damage. Any others are also suitable, but copper in such a combination looks more spectacular. In winter, the drains can easily heat the thermocable.
Windows, doors. Welden houses windows and doors are inserted at the final stage of construction work, since it is necessary that the log houses are as much as possible and the logs are not affected by mold from moisture. Doors and windows are installed, taking into account the subsequent sediment of the building. Window and door boxes are placed in the openings on mortgages of movable elemental elements. One side, they are screwed to the boxes of the boxes, the other is freely included in the grooves pre-done in the ends. Over the boxes leave the required gap, which is filled with a soft insulation. When shrinking, the insulation is compressed, not deforming the box. Side gaps are permanent palauling or gate. Cashbarns are also mounted with the calculation of the shrink shrink.
Engineering Communication. Life support systems in chopped houses are the most modern. The gasket communications is a cable liner, sewage pipes, water pipes - produce already at the stage of casting the foundation. Further engineering works lead at a time when the log house is exposed under the roof. Wobrals, if necessary, make horizontal stages for hidden gaskets of corrugated wires with electrical wires and cables. Typically, the wiring is performed well as a proven NYM cable of the estimated section with a strong and not supporting combustion with insulation. Vertical risers are hidden: in the ends of the openings (behind the bedrooms of the doors) with the subsequent drilling of the overlying crowns. Parallel stands are laid by low-current wires and cables. The installation of hidden mounting boxes for sockets and switches on the logs make lies. Practice also open wiring of wires to electrical appliances on insulators. To do this, use the sets of insulators, outlets and switches in retro italian production.
Pipes of heating and water supply in a chopped house Many owners prefer to lay copper. At the same time, they can be brewed to the plumbing in the open way, since the copper-aesthetically harmonious material with a tree. It is heated by the building both with the help of boiler and radiators of water heating and the furnace (Dutch, Russian on the selection of the customer). The sewer risker usually pave next to the water supply. Air exchange in wooden houses is carried out naturally: inflow - through windows, exhaust - through ventilation grids; In the kitchen and in the bathrooms, the ventilation is forced, the supplied-exhaust. Features of the church are such that the air conditioning system is not needed. In the summer, in the chopped house cool, winter is warm. Nevertheless, if desired, air conditioners can deliver them, the external heat exchangers in a specially designed indoor floor room.
House in the final outer decoration Finish. The KVNESHER finishing the cutting, as soon as the moisture of the logs will begin to start their grinding (50%). Interior decoration perform several months from the moment the heating system is turned on. The main process is the multiple grinding of walls, floors and ceilings produced by all kinds of grinding machines. Works lead in respirators. The amount of waste is such that with a thorough treatment of surfaces with an area of 500m2, two (!) "Kamaz" dust is taken out in bags. Collect it with industrial vacuum cleaners. After the grinding is completed, the logs from the inside of the cut are covered with lacquer based on flaxseed with the addition of bee wax. The outer coating of varnish in houses from the bore log is optional, since the protective function performs the swamp.
Upon completion of the scenery work, the triumphing owners can say with confidence: they built a house that is beautiful, unique and roads, because it is a piecework of the highest class!
Enlarged calculation of the cost of work and materials for the construction of a wooden residential building with a total area of 367m2
