Two-stage gas burner BG300-2R from Bentone with a capacity of 30-190kWWG20 blowing burner from weishaupt
Burner STG146 / 2R from BentoneThe scheme of movement of combustion and coolant products in the steel low temperature
Mr. Kotle.The combustion control machine provides fully automatic atmospheric burner operation
The design of wall boilers already includes all the components required for operation.
Superior boiler Logano G115 WS-BE with a cast iron heat exchanger complete with a boiler Logalux Lt, installed under the boiler and the control panel Logamatic 2107, BuderusTypically, wall boilers are produced with atmospheric burners, but the STS company suggested a one-of-a-kinder boiler STS 950, which can be equipped with both gas and liquid fuel burner
De Dietrich Condensation BoilerDual-circuit boiler "Rivnetterm"
(Ukraine) Designed for heating and hot water, has a flow heat exchanger in its design for cooking hot waterCondensation boilers have a larger efficiency compared to traditional, since the steam formation is used, but when these boilers are working, the caustic condensate is formed, which must be disposed ofViessmann.
Diagnosis of modern boilers is performed using a computerControl Panel Logamatic 4211 from Buderus
Gas boilers are currently the most common. This is explained by the low cost of fuel (gas is one of the cheapest traditional energy carriers), the lack of necessity in organizing the premises for its storage, a high degree of automation of the combustion process. Aesley talk about the length of gas highways in Russia, then they involuntarily come to the mind of the word from the Gazprom's commercial: "Every day we gasify another settlement"
Boilers atmospheric and upgraded
A presumptive-type pig-iron boiler device on the example of the Wirbex model from Ctcise boilers are divided into two large groups: atmospheric and upgraded. Injector (atmospheric) burners are used first, in second-hand. The ventilation burners air for the combustion process comes from the pressure of the gas in the network, i.e. the air is drawn into the gas stream. Funny burners the air is supplied forced using the built-in fan. The advantage of atmospheric burners is simplicity of design, low noise and high reliability due to the lack of moving parts in the device. Some types of burners, such as the TLO series boilers from the Czech company PROTHERM, can operate without power supply in non-volatile systems. Lack of atmospheric burners - sensitivity to gas pressure supplied from the highway. The fact is that most of the imported atmospheric type boilers are designed for pressure 20 mbar, in which the power declared in the instrument passport is ensured. Under reduced pressure, the boiler will no longer produce 100% of power, and with a minimum critical value and will turn off with protective automation at all, in order to protect the burner from the failure due to the flame drawdown (by the flames of the nozzle body). In many areas of Russia, especially in winter, the gas pressure is often descended to 10-12 mbar and below, so the choice of a boiler should be taken very seriously.
The cast iron boiler of the upgrade Logano G 215 from Buderus with a burner for Natural Gas WG10N from Weishaupping to the Mounting Organization, it is necessary to organize a measurement of gas pressure in the highway of your settlement. Based on the results obtained and the choice of boiler should be selected. Many owners of modern boilers have been held in winter with hostages of their equipment, which was disconnected several times a day. Service services were overloaded. Avteda of all this could be avoided by choosing, for example, a boiler with an atmospheric burner, designed for a gas pressure of 10 mbar (model G124 WS from Buderus, Germany), or providing for the installation of an upgrade boiler with a fan burner. By the way, in recent gasified settlements, the gas pressure is rarely falling below 18 mbar, so there can be almost any boilers.
The Russian market presents both upgrade gas boilers and devices equipped with an atmospheric burner. Manufacturers - Bosch, Buderus, Viessmann, Vaillant, Baxi (Italy), Wolf (Germany), Protherm (Czech Republic), Roca (Spain), De Dietrich (France), CTC (Sweden), Teledyne Laars (USA), Titan (Russia) IDR. The cost of equipment - from 400-500 per domestic boiler with a capacity of 30-50 kW to 4500-6000 for an imported analogue, equipped with weather-dependent automation.
Gas connection documentation
In order to connect gas to the house, you must submit to the gas trust of the document, which includes: 1. Passport to the boiler.
2. Passport on the blasting burner (if any).
3. Relevant certificates and permission of Rostechnadzor to apply these devices in Russia.
4. Mounting organization license for the right to carry out this type of work.
5. Treaty for installation and commissioning.
6. Equipment service contract.
7. Certificates of employees producing commissioning and maintenance of equipment.
8. Act of distinction of the area of responsibility to the area of the gas pipeline between the owner and the gas trust. Finding cases of gas trust may require additional documents.
Dry burners
The fan of any burner includes a fan, forcibly serving air for the combustion process has already been noted, in the blowing burners, the combustion air is supplied with a fan built into the device. This circumstance allows such devices to function at gas pressure to 5 mbar, however, while providing about 70% of the required power. However, the presence of a fan does not contribute to the silent operation of the equipment. Many manufacturers reduce the noise level of their burners with special structural measures. For example, the STG 146 / 2R model from Bentone (Sweden) with a capacity of 30-133 kW has no no level of noise 42DB.
According to the number of power steps, the burners are divided into one-, two-stage and modulating. As follows from the name, single-stage have one power stage, two-stage, and the modulating can smoothly change the power from 40-50 to 100%.
When using blowing burners in the household sector, the noise created by them is very important. Bentone has released a series of sterling burners with noise level 42DBO, the burner fuel burner is divided into gas and liquid fuel. The latter work on diesel fuel (diesel), fuel oil and even on spent machine oil. Gas burners work both on natural and liquefied gas. There are also combined devices capable of functioning on natural or liquefied gas and diesel fuel, for example, model 40D 8 from Riello (Italy) with a capacity of 30-100 kW and worth 1750. The two-fuel burner will significantly increase the reliability of the system, since in case of turning off the gas in the highway Or reduced its pressure to the critical mark, you can always use backup fuel-diesel fuel. The transition to another type of fuel is carried out by the switch on the burner housing.
Gas burners in the Russian market are represented by many companies, including Weishaupt, Giersch, Korting (Germany), De Dietrich (France), Lamborgiani (Italy), Bentone, Riello Idr. The cost of such devices with a capacity of 30-100 kW ranges from 1200 to 2400, depending on the model and manufacturer.
Features of modern boilers
The damask burner with the oscillate and ionization electrode is increasingly popular, low-temperature heating systems are becoming increasingly popular, characterized by increased comfort and efficiency. The temperature of heating devices in them usually does not exceed 60 C. To work in such systems, many manufacturers of modern heating equipment offer so-called low-temperature boilers. These are devices that, by virtue of their design features (for example, boilers from Buderus with thermostream technology) or material used for their manufacture (De Dietrich, for example, uses eutectic cast iron to the furnaces of its boilers, which is well opposed to corrosion), can function for a long time With low flow temperature. The fact is that in conventional boilers, warm return water causes the cooling of the water shirt of the furnace and, as a result, its corrosion.
Atmospheric burners produce from a special heat-resistant staple work in low-temperature mode, the efficiency of the system is also increasing, but the temperature of the exhaust gases (up to 120 s and below) is significantly reduced. This circumstance requires the use of insulated chimneys made from corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel. If you have conceived to upgrade an existing boiler room by installing a modern boiler, then be prepared for the cost and on the arrangement of the new chimney. Higher stone chimns It is possible to form a caustic condensate that can quickly destroy the design, as well as to cause the formation of spots on the interior walls of the house through which the channel barrel passes.
The choice of the boiler of the required power is carried out on the basis of the heat loss of the building, which, in turn, depend on many factors and are determined by the calculation. When selecting equipment for a small house, it is usually not provided for a reserve of power to prepare hot water, since during its heating the heating can be simply turned off. In love, the acquisition of the boiler is better to charge a specialist.
Types of heat exchangers boilers
In a number of boilers, the Viessmann was used a cast-iron (biferral) heat exchanger with the optimal distribution of the radiant and convective heating unit used to transfer heat from the combustion chamber to the heat carrier circulating in the body of the boiler. Heat exchangers are cast iron, steel and copper.
Cast iron heat exchangers appeared quite a long time and have proven themselves well. The cast iron is well opposed to corrosion, therefore the service life of it is 40-50 years. Due to restrictions, heat exchangers are made by sectional, similar to sectional radiators. Then they are collected in blocks of a certain length. If necessary, for example, to put a large boiler in the reconstructed boiler room, the heat exchanger can be purchased unchanged and mounted on the spot.
The disadvantage of pig-iron heat exchangers is somewhat large compared to steel thermal inertness, as well as the fragility of the material and the fear of thermoshock. The latter can lead to damage to the heat exchanger, so the feeding of the cold water system is carried out gradually with constant circulation of the coolant.
To increase the efficiency of boilers, the three-way movement of exhaust gas stall heat exchangers represent a solid indiscriminate structure. Due to the high manufacturability of the material, it is possible to obtain the ideal geometry of the furnace and, as a result, a more significant efficiency - up to 98% (Okotherm Unit 384 boilers from CTC, Sweden; cost- 5240).
Viessmann proposed Combinated COMFERRAL heat exchangers, aligning the merits of steel and cast iron in them. Comferral is used in the upgrade boilers of the Vitola series.
The copper heat exchanger is a curved copper tube on which the steel or copper plates are riveted. The collaboration of these products includes small dimensions and mass (which is why they are used mainly in wall boilers), as well as low thermal inertia. The disadvantage is the need for permanent circulation of the coolant, otherwise the water in the device will very quickly boil, rendering the safety thermostat.
Requirements for the boiler room
When building a house in the project should provide a special room for the boiler room to which the following requirements are imposed:
- the height of the ceiling is not lower than 2.2 m;
- the area of the room is not less than 4m2 per installed boiler, and the volume is more than 15m3;
- from the boiler room organize a separate output to the street;
- width of the door opening - not less than 80cm;
- mandatory presence of a window with an area of 0.03m2 per 1m3 room for natural lighting;
- the area of the section of the ventilation channel for the inflow of air - 8 cm2 per 1 kW of the rated power of the boiler or 30 cm2 per 1 kW, if the air flow is carried out from the houses at home; Ventcanal cross sections should not be less than the area of the output section of the outbreak of the boiler of the boiler;
- equipping the chimney with an audit hole, located below its inlet no less than 25 cm;
- availability of exhaust ventilation channel;
- organization in the boiler room sewage ladder or pit;
- laying from the shield of the house of a separate wire connected to the protection device (machine) for a boiler that requires power supply; Also, such boilers require the ground circuit tire.
In addition, for safety reasons, it is necessary to install in the boiler metal signaling device with the valve-cutter. When a gas leakage, the valve will block its feed, preventing the formation of an explosive mixture. High-quality methane alarms produces the Italian company SEITRON, and the Cutter valves are German Kromschrode. Price package- 400-500.
Supremely: Liquid fuel should be stored separate from the boiler room in an amount of no more than 900l.
Coppers on liquefied gas
Special tanks provide for storage of liquefied gas. In order for the gas to evaporate effectively, and in the winter period, the containers are plugged into the soil, which usually has a positive input temperature of the liquefied gas of an individual house set a special capacity (usually placed under the ground to use the heat of the soil to maintain a constant possecutive temperature). From the tank to the gas consuming equipment, a highway is laid, according to which a gas mixture is supplied to the house. The delivered gas supply is carried out by specialized organizations that have appropriate licenses and permits.
To work on liquefied gas can be used both atmospheric and upper boilers. To transfer an atmospheric boiler to liquefied gas, it is enough to change the set of nozzles on the burner, which is purchased separately and produce a migration. The cost of this kit for a capacity of 30-60 kW is 30-40. For a surplus boiler, nozzle change and tuning the burner is required. Special burners, such as the RG1-NB model from Giersch (1460).
Condensation boilers
A wall-mounted double condensing boiler with a closed combustion chamber Prime HT from Baxi. So long ago, condensing boilers have appeared on our market. They use the hidden heat of the vaporization, the energy of which is for gas fuel about 10% of the highest heat combustion. Such instruments are usually indicated by the efficiency of 103-109% - this is not an error, as it may seem at first glance to the inexperienced consumer. The fact is that in Europe and in our country the calculation of the efficiency is carried out at the lowest heat combustion of fuel, without taking into account the hidden heat of the vaporization, and it is always present when burning gas and liquid fuel. There is planned to make calculations on the highest heat of the combustion, then the efficiency of traditional boilers will be 82-87%, and condensation - 92-97%.
The use of condensation boilers has its drawbacks. First, to achieve efficient steam condensation, low water temperature in the reverse line is required. It can be achieved only in low-temperature systems. This should be accounted for in the design of the heating system. Secondly, when the boiler is working, a caustic condensate is formed, accumulating in a special capacity, and it must be disposed of pre-neutralizing it. When burning 1m3 natural gas drops from 1.1 to 1.3l condensate, and this is not so little. For example, in a house of 300m2, a 42 kW boiler was installed, consisting of 4.5 m3 natural gas per hour. When the boiler burner is running in the conditions of the middle strip of Russia, 2000-2200 hours per year will be accumulated from 9.9 to 12.9 tons of condensate, which is not solved into septic or in bed.
Condensation boilers in our country are supplied by Viessman (Vitodens models), Buderus, Wolf Idre. The cost of such boilers is 1.3-1.5 times higher than usual.
On a note
1. Keep the boiler clean. Any boilers, and especially upgraded, are afraid of construction dust, so for the time of repair work, isolate the boiler room from the rest of the premises and ensure a constant influx of fresh air in it.
2. If the boiler stopped, do not rush to immediately call the service, first try to establish the cause of the device failure:
a) make sure that the gas is available;
b) check if there is a thrust in chimney (whether his headpoint is not frozen);
c) set whether the voltage is supplied to the boiler, and whether it corresponds to the instrument specified in the passport (many import models refuse to work already at voltage 200V), if necessary, use a stabilizer;
d) look at the pressure in the system (the pressure is 2-2.5 bar);
e) If the equipment is equipped with modern automation, a program failure is possible, in most cases the user's fault. Move the boiler management to manual mode and make sure it is working. Very often, the malfunction is random, for example, in wall models with a sealed combustion chamber, a sharp impact impulse can cause a device stop;
e) To unlock the boiler, press the special button, as a rule, at atmospheric devices on the housing, and in reducible burner.
Wall boilers
The Gas Wall Mounted Copper Supermaster 24 SE from Hermann is equipped with a sealed combustion chamber and a built-in 60l "Natureniki's built-in boiler, as experts called them, have been widespread for several reasons. The compact sizes, low cost, as well as the presence in the design of the boiler devices necessary for the operation of heating systems (circulating pump, safety valve, membrane extended pot IDR).
Wall-mounted boilers are divided into single-circuit, working only on heating, and dual-integral, having the opportunity to prepare hot water. The latter, in turn, to ensure the house of hot water produced with a flow heat exchanger or a boiler of up to 60l. An option with a boiler is preferred, as it allows you to get a larger amount of hot water. Many manufacturers offer boilers installed under the boiler or next to it. The volume of such devices can be up to 130l.
Insulated chimney from stainless steel is designed for operation at ambient temperature to -50 C. Such chimney can be paved openly, by the facade, building boilers are with an open or closed combustion chamber. Models with an open combustion chamber for waste gases remove natural cravings. For their work, it is necessary to have a traditional chimney derived to the roof.
Instruments with a closed combustion chamber have built-in smoke, forcibly removing waste gases and air supply for the combustion process. Gas removal and air supply is usually carried out along a coaxial tube (pipe "pipe in a pipe"). According to the inner contour, combustion products are removed by outdoor, clean air comes. For a boiler with a closed combustion chamber, it is not necessary to install a traditional chimney, it is enough to remove the pipe through the wall of the building.
To remove combustion products from wall-mounted boilers with a sealed combustion chamber, a coaxial chimney-oxide design uses its drawbacks. Since the inner tube, according to which the combustion products are distinguished, is cooled by the flow of air, which comes towards the outer tube, then condensate is formed in the frost, leading to the frost of the tube's head. This, in turn, entails the boiler stop with all the consequences that arise. Low frosty winter, many users faced a similar problem. To solve it, you can mount a separate chimney (one pipe, for removal of smoke, the other, for air supply) or install a warmed coaxial chimney, for example, from Hermann (Italy).
Wall boilers in our country are supplied by many foreign companies: Viessmann, Buderus, Aeg, Protherm, Beretta, Vaillant, CTC, Hermann, Ariston Idre. The 24-28 kW caustic boiler boiler will cost 600-700. Aza device with a closed camera bundled with weather-dependent automation will have to pay 1500-2000.
Automation systems
To clean the chimney, the revisions of the combustion of gaseous fuel are necessarily provided, as already noted above, it is quite well automated. For the operation of gas boilers, manufacturers offer a large number of control panels. Modern automation systems make it possible to carry out weather-dependent management of several autonomous heating circuits, adjust the operation of one-, two-stage or modulating burner, follow the temperature of the hot water. The main task is to create comfortable living conditions in the house, while reducing fuel consumption. This is achieved by independent temperature regulation in various rooms, for which thermostats are installed in the rooms and individual heating programs are specified. For example, why maintain a comfortable temperature in the dwelling, when people at work? It was also known that a person sleeps better at a reduced relatively daytime temperature (usually 3-4 s). Many control panels have a night-mode feature, in particular, it is implemented in most VitoTronic family devices from Viessmann or Digi Comfort from Wolf.
The Kane 400 gas analyzer is designed to configure the burners, as well as to measure gas pressure in highways for heating systems, almost all known manufacturers of heating equipment are supplied to our market, including Viessmann, Buderus (Logamatic), de Dietrich (Diematic series panels), Vaillant, Wolf and etc. Also in the Russian market is widely represented by KomexTherm (Czech Republic), Kromschroder, Mitsubishi (Japan), Honeywell (USA), Coster (Italy).
The cost of the modern control system is approximately 600-700, but may reach 1600-1800 and higher. The price is definitely considerable, but we should not forget that this is the fee not only for comfort, but also for saving fuel, which is more expensive enough.
