In this cottage, a warmed basement was provided, made of monolithic reinforced concrete M 300 and to most of the beaten in the ground. The top (insulated) part of the floor forming the base, with ventilation windows arranged in it is 1M above the ground level.
In relation to the outer wall of the house, the base can be protruding, westful or be in the same plane with it.
Speaker The base is arranged in houses with thin outer walls (frame, wooden) and with a warm underground. It allows you to somewhat straighten the position of the walls, if errors were allowed when the foundation is erected. But at the same time such a base involves the construction of a protective visor on the outer horizontal plane.
COMF, executed In the same plane With a house, in cottage construction is rarely used, since the waterproofing layer in this case remains open.
Wood The base allows you to cover the waterproofing layer, suitable for the protection of walls from penetration from the bottom of the soil moisture, ensures the unobstructed flow of water from the walls during oblique rains. Compared to the rest, this type of base is the most economical in terms of consumption of building materials, which is especially noticeable with a significant thickness of the outer walls. The soaping base was chosen in this case, since it was originally assumed to be insulation and facing.
The base of the house is subjected to serious atmospheric and mechanical effects, therefore, not only in its device, but also when finishing, reliable and durable materials should be applied: plaster, siding, concrete, brick, natural or artificial stone. It is not recommended to paint the paint base - over time it will clean and unevenly burn under the sun.
Plaster for the facade should be durable and waterproof. The protected surface is carefully seen vertically and horizontally. Watching the outer walls is performed in three stages: the spraying of cement mortar, applying the soil and corrupt layers. To ensure a uniform distribution of the composition and a certain thickness of the layer over the entire wall of the wall, plaster beacons are installed or special templates are used. Too thin or too thick layer creates a risk of delaying the coating. It should be noted that the plastered base during operation, as a rule, requires periodic repairs.
Siding-colored panels made from vinyl or metallic, imitates a milking cladding or other facing materials. Panels are fixed to metallic or wooden slats. Among the advantages of siding, it is possible to distinguish its economy, ease of operation. However, this material has very low thermal insulating properties and can be applied, rather as a decorative finish.
Natural or artificial stone is used as a protective, as well as decorative cladding cladding. In addition, it can to some extent compensate for the curvature of the walls. A natural sandstone with the following properties was chosen to finish the base part of the house: the strength of 80-100 MPa, water absorption, no more than 5%, frost resistance - 200 cycles, abrasibility is 1.4 g / cm2. The total cost of 1m2 plates with a thickness of 10-50mm, one side of which is smoothly processed, is $ 5-20.
Before starting the finish, the base was insulated with polystyrene foam plates, gluing them to the wall and fixing the dowels. The plates caused a layer of glue, and it was laid with a glasswork with cells 5050mm used as a support for the subsequent layer of plaster. The grid was "shot" to polystyrene foam pneumatic.
After hardening the plastering layer, the base was tested with sandstone on the cement solution of the M 50 brand on the moistened soil plaster. Stone "tiles" have an irregular shape, so they were laid by non-smooth rows, but in an arbitrary order, customizing the brinks to each other. Pressurely wide seams between the stones filled with a special grouting mixture gave a coating greater decorativeness. The joints of the seams are necessary to seal the masonry, preventing water from entering the pores and gaps between sandstone, a masonry solution and a wall.
Examples of constructions of bases
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