Engineering and finishing works in the house of glued bar. Technologies used materials, installation of communications.
What work is carried out in a wooden house when his walls are already under the roof? What materials are used for decoration and design built from a dwelling bar? How does such a house hang, illuminated, ventilated? What order is the installation of engineering communications? Answers to these and other questions - in the next report from the construction site.
Secrets of longevity of brusade house
The method of interior wall decoration, the ceiling and floor of the house, which is in question, is to be particularly thorough grinding, the coating of high-quality varnish and the finish polishing of surfaces. Initially, the walls are intensively processed with tape and vibratory grinding machines until they get a homogeneous texture and roughness. Then they are grounded by a strongly divorced colorless matte varnish Paneli Assa (Tikkurila, Finland) on a water basis and are spoiled. From above, the same composition is applied, but double concentration. After complete hard-approval, the surface is polished with a felt disk. The process is repeated 3 times. The result is a thick coating layer, perfectly detecting the texture and color of the brusade wall. Its quality is approaching furniture. Wooden structures trimmed in this way do not lose the natural properties of the tree: "Breathe", passing the air and moisture in both sides, and maintain the useful atmosphere useful for health. To process the surfaces of the ceiling and ceiling beams, a water-based lacquer is applied by Dulux Trade Acrilic Scumble Glaze (United Kingdom): it is holing, durable, quickly dries and does not attract dust. The ceiling is applied in 2 layers with brush and roller.Such a load of the part of the construction, as the console, overlap, the rafter elements in the attic rooms, are stored in the interior in the "naked" form. The architect and designers wanted to open them as much as possible to show all the magnificence. Wasil of this had to simultaneously solve two tasks: to give constructions a respectable look and make them extremely reliable.
All the boarded parts of the ceiling laid in the grooves of the beams of floors and simply pressed together. Immediately to nail the boam board was impossible. The flow of the heating period of temperature and humidity drops leads to the fact that there are movements of these elements. They either expand, gaining moisture, or, on the contrary, narrowed due to drying. The result is formed gaps. The process lasts 1-2 years. Throughout this time, the company's specialists are observed for the behavior of the tree and consistently eliminate the emerging disorders. The balkas of the attic floors of the ceiling was milled by a special groove, in which the boards were placed in one another. Later, during the holding of service, the cracks are eliminated by attracting boards to each other.
Wood floor laying technology also has its own characteristics. The boards will not fail if the humidity and temperature indoors and under the floor will be approximately the same. The base of the final floor is a doomer, which in 10 cm runs to the beams of intergenerational floors at an angle of 45 or 90 (depending on the future direction of laying the board). Due to the mismatch of air temperature, the floor and the ceiling occurs the process of its convection (movement from the floor to the ceiling and back). At the same time, the air through the ventilation holes in the floor receives free access to the bars of the crate. As a result, the indicators of humidity and temperature above and under the floor are fixed at a constant level.
The finishing floor was put on the beginning of the interior decoration of the building. This is explained by the fact that the floorboards stored in different conditions have an unequal humidity, and should go through the time so that it is leveled. Castled boards knocked not immediately, temporarily checking from above by organitis. The construction of the coating moisture was made at homogeneous. After completion of the premises, the floor was dismantled. We sleep the jack, screws that boards are screwed to the crate, and the glue "liquid nails" the boards pulled together to each other. Then the surface of the received finishing floor was cycled and grinded by TRIO (Germany), taken for rent.
The spracessay of the squabble on individual boards due to the features of the saws can form minor chips and cracks, which happened.
The special composition of the MixFill, which is preparing on the technology of the Swedish company BONA by mixing with woody dust, these defects are stolen. Then the floor was subjected to machine grinding. When the desired cleanliness of the boards was achieved, the surface was treated with colored impregnation for wood based on White Spirit Dulux Protective Wood Stain, aligned black. The impregnation is impregnated by the impregnation more active than in more dense. That is why in the process of subsequent grinding of the skin (this operation is performed manually) dense fibers restored natural color, black paint remained in the soft. The result of the floor acquired a kind of "aged" texture with an underlined black and white wood texture. To protect the surface of the floor, it was covered with colorless semiam varnish on an alkyd-based Dulux Interior Varnish. A results of such a floor finish, walls and ceiling differ significantly from each other by texture and color, and the design of the premises becomes richer and original.
Some of the floors in the house (in the living room, in the kitchen, in the ground floor bathrooms) lined with tiles. VTechnology of floor tile laying also had certain subtleties. The base of this floor was made on a concrete plate a clay-cement screed, on top of which lay a layer of foam. Assue all, on top of foam, in another tie, mounted pipes of a warm floor. Then the surface was leveled under the laying of tiles or stones. Creating an outdoor "cake", there was a compensation gap 2 cm with a width of 2 cm. Otherwise, when an extension, the resulting coating can stand in place between the walls and burst.
Technology laying tiles and stone on a concrete base is the same for all types of buildings. The differences are in facing with tiles and a stone of wooden walls (in the kitchen, in the bathrooms, in the hallway). Since such structures are subject to shrinkage and deformation, it is impossible to glue the tile directly on the bars. Special brackets, "crabs", vertically holding in the "cushion" floating profiles from aluminum, nauseated to the wall. The sprauls recorded panels from moisture-resistant plasterboard, which was attached to Marazzi monochrome tile (Italy) and artificial stone. Between the ceiling and walls made of drywall, based on the subsequent shrinkage of the design, made a gap in 10cm, it was decorated with ceiling plinth.
On the first floor (in the boiler room, in the bathrooms), where there is a rigid base in the form of a foundation plate, another curious engineering solution was applied. Here, up to half the height of the room, the second walls independent of wooden supporting structures were erected from bricks. The second half of the walls sewed plasterboard on a metal frame. Brick structures were necessary for mounting a large number of engineering and sanitary equipment, and in the boiler room they are justified by the fact that they increase fire safety.
Optimal engineering solutions
Firefighters are placed by the Kelectro installments of wooden buildings. The power supply of the house, which is in question, is carried out through a quarterly transformer substation (CTP), from which armored cable VBBSHB is laid in an asbotic pipe. The presence of a pipe will make it over time to start a new cable without excavation of the trench. The calculation of the cable cable cross section produced, based on the power of the electrical installation. In brine with gas boiler equipment, its power is usually 10-15 kW. The laying of electrical wires and cables (to rosettes, switches and lamps) was carried out during the construction of walls through metal pipes or metal worker, which drilled vertical holes in the bars and horizontal grooves were chosen. Watching wiring ignition they should prevent the spread of fire. For greater reliability, a cable with a zero protective conductor (NYM brand produced by Sevkabel plant) was used. This cable has triple insulation, does not release harmful substances when burning, racks to high temperatures arising from a short circuit. The cable was tightened into the pipes using steel wire and produced out with some reserve necessary for separation of lived and their connections with various devices.
When installing sockets and switches, installation boxes of LEGRAND (France) were used, made of not supporting plastic burning. For greater reliability of the place of contact of the boxes with the wall, the special paint preventing the fire of wood is pre-covered. Holded houses special attention should be paid to the quality of electrical connections. Parallel shunt connections are allowed between sockets. From each outlet (or from the two or three to which non-energy domestic appliances are connected) a separate wire (cable) must lead to the mounting box, and on the protective machine. This is done for a uniform distribution of the load on the sockets and protective machines. Along with the protective machine, each rosette group, and in special cases, a specific socket should protect the RCD. If the isolation is damaged and the occurrence of leakage currents, it will save people life, protects from the fire, will retain the performance of electrical appliances. This montage and protection rule also applies to lamps.
Sockets, switches, thermostat and other electrical installations for wooden buildings should be bought only in trustworthy manufacturers, such as Legrand, Siemens, ABB, Gira Idr. In the house, the house uses protective automata and RCD from Siemens. It is desirable that all components of the electrical installations are made by one company. Especially since large manufacturers, as a rule, offer comprehensive engineering solutions and everything you need for electrical installation. In addition, they guarantee the longest life of their products, such as sockets and lamps, if they are protected by their own devices.
The heart of the home heating system was the French gas boiler with an atmospheric burner De Dietrich DTG 120 Nez Diematic. Its firebox is made of cast iron; The device is characterized by a high efficiency and a low noise level, which is important when the boiler room is directly in a residential building. The heating system is mounted on a two-pipe scheme, which involves two independent contours, one of which is a circuit of radiator heating, and the other circuit of the warm floor system. The contours of weather dependent. In other words, the temperature of the coolant in them is regulated by the Diematic Delta automatic equipment integrated into the boiler equipment, depending on the temperature on the street. The boiler management system also provides automatic cooking hot water for household needs. Punching instruments are used steel panel radiators Kermi (Germany) and sectional aluminum Radiators Royal (Italy).
The boiler house is located a boiler and water purification equipment. The boiler of indirect heating of the production of Reflex (Germany) accommodates 200l water, the heating time of which is approximately 30 minutes. This quantity is enough for the daily needs of a family of 5-6 people. Ecowater Water Treatment Station (USA) with a set of filters leads from the well an artesian water in line with sanitary standards. The filter operation is fully automated. All water is cleaned of iron salts and softened. Its defined part is used for technical needs. Water for drinking is subjected to deep chemical and biological processing.
This modern boiler room is similar to the operating room in the hospital: there is no place for dust, or, especially, any dirt. Each of the boiler nodes is available for maintenance and repair without disconnecting the system as a whole. The strapping of the boiler is made of copper pipes, which are designed for long-term operation at high temperatures. The wiring of the heating and hot water supply systems is made by the polypropylene tube of the German company Aquatherm, reinforced with aluminum layer. Such a pipe is cheaper copper and has a smaller coefficient of linear elongation than other plastic pipes, which simplifies the solution to the problem of compensation for its bending in length when heated. For cold water, a conventional polypropylene tube of the same company was used. The compounds are made by polymer welding and absolutely reliable. The warm floors in the bathrooms and in the kitchen are equipped with a pipe from the "cross-linked" PEX polyethylene using Wirsbo (Sweden) technology. All controls and accounting devices are mounted on the wall with pipe wiring. Such a layout, according to the architect and engineers, looks more aesthetic. At the same time it is available for service and ergonomic.
Ventilation in the house combined. Sodle side, natural supply and exhaust ventilation (through windows) operates. Warm season it is quite effective. Nevertheless, forced ventilation, and air conditioning are also needed in a modern building, since the amount and quality of the airborne air entering atmospheric air does not always correspond to sanitary standards. Therefore, the house has a climate installation. It includes practically without noise Osberg ventilation equipment (Sweden), central air conditioner Daikin (Japan), Axair air humidification devices (Switzerland), Calorex dryers (United Kingdom). The operation of the instruments is carried out under the control of Siemens automation. Ventilation channels are laid in intergenerational floors, the equipment of the climate installation is concentrated in the technical room on the second floor. A results in automatic mode control of air quality and organization of ventilation, maintaining comfortable temperature and humidity, its purification from dust and harmful microorganisms. Right engineering calculations allowed to minimize heat loss through the air removed from the house.
It would seem that the technology of building houses from glued timber is the same for all cases. But it is not. Nearby magazine numbers We will introduce readers with the construction of brusade houses that differ from the sample presented. Stay with us on the construction site!
Enlarged calculation of the cost of work and materials on the construction of a two-story house with an area of 320m2
| Name of works | Units. change | Number of | Price, $ | Cost, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engineering systems | ||||
| Autonomous Water Supply Device (Well) | set | - | - | 2300. |
| Installation of the sewer system (septic) | set | - | - | 2900. |
| Installation of boiler equipment | set | - | - | 870. |
| Installation of floor heating system | set | - | - | 250. |
| Ventilation and air conditioning device | set | - | - | 2200. |
| Plumbing work | set | - | - | 1500. |
| Electric installation work | set | - | - | 1900. |
| TOTAL | 11920. | |||
| Applied materials on the section | ||||
| Sudtik Uponor (Finland) | set | one | - | 6200. |
| Boiler equipment Diematic (France) | set | - | - | 6700. |
| Reflex boiler (Germany) | set | - | - | 1400. |
| Ecowater Water Treatment System (USA) | set | one | - | 480. |
| Kermi Radiators, Royal, Temperature Regulators, Venting Valley | set | - | - | 4500. |
| Boxing Attachment, Automatic, Uzo, Accessories Siemens (Germany) | set | - | - | 790. |
| Electric installation equipment Siemens. | set | - | - | 670. |
| Wirsbo Heating System (Sweden) | set | - | - | 590. |
| Air conditioning Daikin (Japan) | set | - | - | 5600. |
| Osberg ventilation equipment (Sweden) | set | - | - | 1200. |
| Dehumidizers Calorex (United Kingdom). | set | - | - | 4200. |
| TOTAL | 32330. | |||
| FINISHING WORK | ||||
| Facing the surfaces of the GLK, the ceilings with clapboard | m2. | 320. | 12 | 3840. |
| Concrete screed device | m2. | 120. | 10 | 1200. |
| Facing surfaces with ceramic tiles | m2. | 69. | sixteen | 1104. |
| Device board coatings | m2. | 200. | 10 | 2000. |
| Assembling stairs with railing and platforms, joinery | set | - | - | 2900. |
| Surface coating varnish | m2. | 870. | five | 4350. |
| TOTAL | 15394. | |||
| Applied materials on the section | ||||
| Gulf board boards, lining, etc. | m2. | 320. | 40. | 12800. |
| Ceramic tile (Italy) | m2. | 69. | 29. | 2001. |
| Lucky and impregnation of bona, dry mixes, ceramzit and other materials | set | - | - | 2300. |
| TOTAL | 17101. | |||
| Total cost of work | 27320. | |||
| Total cost of materials | 49430. | |||
| TOTAL | 76750. |